Global English

Today
Case File No 1: Waily Rwandya
Case File No 1: Waily Rwandya
I teach according to the native speaker standards I use authentic materials from native speaking countries.
Standard English
She will take the document now so that she can later photocopy it for you. Yesterday she also went there. You really shouldn’t bother me!
The Inner Circle
(Older Englishes)
Source: Kachru, 1985
Ownership
One of the logical consequence is the issue of ownership
English belongs to ….. ?
Ownership
Hainan University, 6-9 Jan 2014
Quiz
1
I know what Global English means Yes ? No ?
Quiz
2
British English is the best variety in the world. Yes ? No ?
Quiz
Varieties of Englishes
• • “New Englishes” or World Englishes The term covers a large number of varieties of English which are far from uniform in their characteristics and current use. They fulfill four criteria, according to Platt et al (1984):
The Expanding Circle
(Newer Englishes)
English spoken in Singapore, Philippines, India, (150-300 millions)
The Outer Circle
(Newer Englishes)
English spoken in UK, US, etc. (320-380)
Do you consider yourself a user or a learner?
Ownership: Learner or User 1. Learner – focus on usage Concerned with correctness Apologetic user; fear of making errors 2. User – focus on use Focus on effective communication Confident user
English as Lingua Franca
Global English
2-3 Billion People
Simple, non-technical and FREE.
Who are the users of English today?
Kachru’s Three Circles
English spoken in Indonesia, China, Japan (100 – 1,000 millions)
Case File No 2 – Baifang
Case File No 2 – Flona D. Flors I’m a competent bilingual teacher of English. I’m proud and happy to be me!! I use multicultural materials in my teaching.
3
People in the UK speak standard British English only. Yes ? No ?
Quiz
4
My ideal English teacher is a native speaker of English from the UK or US. Yes ? No ?
Franca.
115 countries
Source: http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/reprints/weber/rep-weber.htm
A lingua franca has NO native speakers (Seidlhofer, 2004) Used locally, regionally and internationally 80% of English By native speakers and non-native speakers of teachers are English NNS There are a lot more non-native speakers than native speakers of English
•
Four Criteria: New Englishes
1. They have developed mainly through the education system and used as a medium of instruction. 2. The country where they have developed had very few native speakers of English.
Four Criteria: New Englishes
3. English serves a range of functions among those who use it. 4. English has become nativized and it has adopted unique linguistic features of its own (esp. the spoken language).
Let me now tell you the story about Global English.
English used to be spoken in the UK and US (to a smaller extent Canada, New Zealand & Australia)
Quiz
5
People in China speak standard Mandarin only. Yes ? No ?
Quiz
6
People in Beijing speak the best variety of Mandarin. Yes ? No ?
Quiz
7
I speak Mandarin with a strong Hainanese accent and am ashamed of myself. Yes ? No ?
(Source: Alsagoff, 2009)
Singlish vs. Standard Singapore English Singlish
Take now so later can photocopy for you. (null subject/object) Yesterday, she go there also. Don’t bother me lah!
Quiz
8
Non-native speakers of English are less capable than native speakers of English. Yes ? No ?
Quiz
9
Yes Singapore English is not as good as ? as UK or US English. No ?
Quiz
10
It is possible and desirable to speak English like a native speaker of English. Yes ? No ?
Willy’s Poem
Globish
Messy, Lively Stirring, Upsetting but Invigorating That’s the Way We Use English
Ownership: Standards
2. International standard?
• • Comprehensibility Acceptability
But what does it look like?
Ownership: Different or Deficient
1. Deficient = “The glass
Why bother?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Whose standards? Different or Difficient? User vs Learner? Which pedagogy?
Ownership: Standards
1. American, British or Australian standards?
Global English
Old English
Middle English
Modern English
Global English
Graddol, 2006
Number of countries using the language as main medium of communication or as major Lingua
(Plat, Webber and Ho,1984)
Singlish vs. Standard Singapore English
Singlish
You want tea or not? He saw the movie already, is it?
Standard English
Do you want tea? He has seen the movie already, hasn’t she?
Case File No 2 – Flona D. Flors
“What is important for me is intelligible pronunciation, not native speaker accent!!”
Do you prBiblioteka Baidufer to be taught by her or him?
Ownership: Standards
2. Local standard?
could not enter your class yesterday because I was not well
Student: I’m sorry I
not lock the door
Teacher: Oh? I did
is half empty” view towards language acquisition
Ownership: Different or Deficient? 2. Different = Recognition of legitimate varieties of English
Ownership: Learner or User
Case File No 1: Waily Rwandya
I am the guardian of proper English and use only standard BE or AE. I can be verbally aggressive if I hear non-standard English spoken in class.
(Source: Alsagoff, 2009)
Native Speakers
NATIVE SPEAKERISM
And yet …
ELT is still based on a theory of learning favouring native speakerism