高口翻译第四讲增译法

第四讲增译法

1. 由语法引起的添加词

•The lion is the king of animals.

•Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own.

•Now years later, that evening’s loveliness——I so nearly missed——is one of my most cherished memories.

•The surgeons weren’t sure how long my new joints would last. But they’re holding up fine.

•I have had the joy of two beautiful and wonderful wives, the happiness of parenthood and the love of eight children.

•She would spend hours dressing herself in fine clothes, and brushing her black hair. Then she would stand by the mirror and admire herself.

2. 由汉语行文习惯造成的

•“Army will make a man of him,” said his father.

•Tom sank down with his face in his hand.

•He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair.

•On the wings of hope, of love, and of joy, Miss Meadows sped back to the music hall, up the aisle, up the steps, over to the piano.

•French managers are Napoleonic and their management style is imperial.

•Fortune knocks at every man’s door once in a life, but in a good many cases, the man is in a neighboring saloon and does not hear her.

3. 由范畴词引起的添加

confusion 混乱局面/saturation 饱和状态/measurement 测量方法；测量结果preparation 准备工作/management 管理部门/redundancy 多余信息/normalization 正常状态/remedies 补救措施/solution 解决方法/reasonability合理性/sensibility合理性/sensitivity敏感性/creativity 创造性/originality创造性/ingenuity 创造性/readability可读性/flexibility柔韧性、可塑性、灵活性、延展性modification 修改方案/persuasion 说服工作/preparation 准备工作

/backwardness 落后状态/ tension 紧张局势/arrogance 自满情绪/madness 疯狂行为

/antagonism 敌对态度

•He allowed the husband to be overruled by the judge, and declared his wife guilty.

•Dyspnea must be assessed in relation to age, obesity and physical fitness.

•The pharmacologists are making a careful study of the allergy of the medicine.

•He felt the patriot rise within his breast.

•经济发展仍然是中国政府的首要目标之一。

•我们被他崇高的行为打动了。

•对他的卑鄙行径我们嗤之以鼻。

•我们必须全力以赴改善国家的落后面貌。

4. 由文化不对等引起的添加

•The New York Times, the Guardian, Le Monde and the People’s Daily all reported the nuclear crises in South Asia.

•The Pentagon made no response to this incident.

•The blond boy quickly crossed himself.

•她学校毕业后在国美公司上班。

•商务部否决了可口可乐公司收购汇源果汁的提案。

•有时间，你可以去参观离西安不远的黄帝陵。

5.由逻辑关系引起的添加

•Local governments that raised millions of dollars auctioning off land rights are confronting lower bids and depressed sales, which essentially means lower tax

revenue.

• A year after the corrupt election fiasco of late 2007, nothing fundamentally changed in this country.

•Faster than anyone expected, the argument among liberals has shifted.

•Two books about how the world is changing reach very different conclusions. Ｍr.

Kagan’s is the better of the two, by a wide margin.