2018年专业英语四级语法题详解

合集下载
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

2018年专业英语四级语法题详解
11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo ______ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to build a
smooth-sided pyramid.
A. has been believed to have been
B. was believed to be
C. is believed to have been
D. is believed to be
选[C]。

译文:有人认为开罗外面的Bent金字塔是古埃及第一次尝试修建的边角光滑的金字塔。

解释:“开罗外面的Bent金字塔”意指,是否是“第一次”,是现在研究的结果,没有表过去的标记或上文,不选B;也不是过去研究对现在产生的结果或延续到现在,不选A;金字塔已经修成,在人们的看法之前,不选D。

相似例句:He is said to have been invited.
They are said to have taught chimpanzees to use human language.
The four men are widely believed to have been killed by their captors.
12. U.S. News _____ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular
resource for students looking to apply to a university campus.
A. maintains
B. is maintaining
C. maintained
D. has been maintaining
选[D].
译文:《美国新闻和世界报道》自1983年以来,一直稳居众多大学阅读的排行榜上。

它们是在校大学生获取信息的很受欢迎的渠道。

解释:“1983年以来”,多用完成体(have +ved),到现在还有影响,还可能会持续下去,要用进行体(Be+ving),两相结合为: Have +been+Ving.
13. He was lured into a crime he would not _____ have committed.
A. actually
B. accidentally
C. otherwise
D. seldom
选[C].
译文:他被引诱,结果犯了他本来不会犯的罪。

解释:“他受到引诱,犯了罪。

否则(如果不是收到诱惑),他是不会烦犯的”。

隐含“虚拟语气”。

Actually,事实上,实际上,竟;accidentally,偶然地,意外地,不是故意地;otherwise,否则,不然;seldom,很少,罕见,几乎不。

14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of
______ mountains behind the apple orchard.
A. blue hazy Virginia
B. hazy blue Virginia
C. Virginia hazy blue
D. Virginia blue hazy
选[B].
译文:她曾是个乡村少妇,后院养着一些鸡,不时瞭望着苹果园后远处的弗吉尼亚群山,薄雾缭绕,湛蓝湛蓝的。

解释:这句选自英语专业阅读教程的原句:John Steinbeck的The Chrysanthemums.这里考的是多个形容词修饰名词,形容词排序的问题,和汉语有很大差别,如本句的a young country wife,可译成“一位年轻的村妇”或“一个乡村少妇”。

形容词排序:限定(多个限定词,按前+中+后位排序)a+
描绘hazy+新旧大小高低颜色blue+出处材料国别Virginia+名词中心词mountains。

15. I long to alleviate _____, but I cannot.
A. the evil
B. evil
C. evils
D. an evil
选[A].
译文:我渴望摆脱这种邪恶,但却办不到。

解释:这里考冠词的用法。

Evil,恶,罪恶,邪恶,坏事,;恶行(不可数);坏事,恶行,祸害,灾难,弊病,不幸(可数)。

不可数是泛指,“但却办不到”,不选B;Evils指很多或某一类,也不确定,“但却办不到”,不选C; an evil指某一个或某一类,也不确定,和后文不符合,不选D. 定冠词the 的照应原则是前照应,后照应,语境照应,固定搭配,这里是语境照应,说话人和听话人都明白,是哪种evil,选A.
16. Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing
and maiming _____.
A. war
B. are war
C. of war
D. are of war
选[D].
译文:事实上,有证据表明,足球遭人诟病的是身体伤害,正如战争带来的是杀戮和伤残。

解释:后一句同前面,省略了the very point。

完整的是as killing and maiming are the very point of war。

17. At _____, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive
material is altered when exposed to light.
A. its most basic
B. its basic
C. the most basic
D. the basic
选[A].
译文:就其基本原理,摄影是一个化学处理过程:当感光材料接触光后,进行了化学反应。

解释:基本原理有所指,指photography,代词前照应,必须用its,排除CD; 这里是指,在很大程度上,但不是全部,需要most, 故选A. A也可转换成at the most basic of the photography, 但后面就应该改为 it is a chemical process, 这时,定冠词是前照应,it 是后照应。

18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name
from the dead. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn” is used _____.
A. to express an intended purpose
B. to indicate a high degree possibility
C. to reveal an undesirable consequence
D. to dramatize a stated fact
选[C].
译文:她请了个律师来调查,结果发现加百利已经把她的名字从死者名单中删除。

解释:不定式和主句之间用逗号隔开,都表结果。

A表目的;B表极大的可能性,C表出乎意料的结果;D使确定的实事戏剧化。

19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical
meaning?
A. I wonder what’s behind this change of plan.
B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.
C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly behind.
D. I suppose I’m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.
选[B].
解释:A,计划改变背后隐藏着什么;B,站在他后面的人;C,这项工作本应该在昨天完成。

我离完成还有很大距离。

D,因为我父母过去一直在支持我。

只有B不是隐喻。

20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been
immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses ______.
A. a hypothesis (假设)
B. a suggestion(建议)
C. a contradiction (相反,矛盾)
D. a surprise(惊讶)
选[C].
译文:我母亲曾下决心去帮助那些需要帮助的人。

她本会对她过去20年所取得的成效感到无比的自豪。

解释:她过去决定(was determined),但现在放弃;她过去20年所取得的成效(what has been achieved),从过去到现在,成效有还是没有,这里是处于中性,可能有,也可能没有。

从上下文看,是没有成效。

即,如果过去20年的努力没有徒劳,她会感到自豪(she would have been immensely proud)(与已经发生的实事相反)。

也即,她徒劳,她不自豪,与期望不一致。

选C.。

相关文档
最新文档