基于单片机实现红外测温仪设计

摘要

温度的测量应用十分广泛。测温方式一般可分为接触式和非接触式。接触式测温优点是简单、可靠、测量精度高，但它必须让它的测温传感器和被测物体接触测量它们之间达到热平衡之后的温度，所以缺点是响应时间长。而且在很多应用领域中要求测量温度的传感器不能与被测物体接触，这就需要一种非接触式的测温方式来满足要求。红外测温是根据被测物体的红外辐射能量来确定物体温度的，不需和被测物体接触且具有不影响被测物体温度场、温度分辨率高、响应速度快、测温范围广、稳定性好等特点。本论文正是应上述实际需求而设计的红外测温仪。

本文介绍了红外测温仪测温的基本原理和实现方法，提出了以STC89C51单片机为其核心控制部件的红外测温系统。详细介绍了该系统的实现方式和构成，给出了软件的设计流程图和硬件原理图。该系统主要红外测温传感器、时钟芯片、单片机、液晶显示、电源管理等部分组成。红外测温传感器汇集其视场内目标的红外辐射能量并把红外能量聚焦在光电探测仪上并转变为相应的电信号。STC89C51单片机负责控制启动接受时钟电路的时钟信号、温度测量、接收测量数据、并按照单片机中的温度值计算算法计算出目标的温度值和日期时间再通过LCD把结果显示出来。

关键词：单片机，红外测温，设计

ABSTRACT

Temperature measurement is widely used. Temperature measurement methods can be divided into contact and non -contact . Contact temperature advantage is simple, reliable, high accuracy, but the temperature sensor and the object it must be allowed to reach a temperature of -contact measurement after thermal equilibrium between them, so the disadvantage is that the response time is long . And in many fields of application is not required to measure a temperature sensor in contact with the measured object , which requires a non-contact temperature measuring method to meet the requirements. Infrared temperature measurement is to determine the temperature of the object based on the object 's infrared radiation energy , and the object without touching the object and has no impact on the temperature field, temperature , high resolution, fast response, wide temperature range, stable good characteristics . This paper is designed to be above the actual needs of the infrared thermometer .

This paper introduces the basic principle and method of infrared thermometer temperature measurement is proposed to STC89C51 microcontroller core control components for infrared temperature measurement system . Details of the implementation and composition of the system , given the software and hardware design flow diagram . The system is mainly infrared temperature sensor , clock chip, microcontroller, LCD , composed power management section. Infrared temperature sensor brings together its field of infrared radiation energy targets and the infrared energy is focused on the photoelectric detector and converted into a corresponding electrical signal . STC89C51 SCM is responsible for controlling start accepting clock circuit clock signal , temperature measurement, receive measurement data and calculation algorithm to calculate the target temperature and the date and time according to the microcontroller temperature value then the results are displayed via LCD .

Keywords: microcontroller, infrared temperature measurement, design