城市污水处理厂污泥重金属污染状况及特征 (1)

第23卷　第6期2010年6月

环　境　科　学　研　究

Research of Envir on mental Sciences

Vol.23,No.6

June,2010

城市污水处理厂污泥重金属污染状况及特征

姚金玲,王海燕,于云江3,王　琪,王兴润

中国环境科学研究院,北京　100012

摘要:研究了我国16家城市污水处理厂污泥中重金属(Cu,Cr,Pb,A s和Cd)污染状况及特征,并探讨了可行的污泥处置方法.结果显示:w(Cu),w(Cr),w(Pb),w(A s)和w(Cd)(干基)分别为14148～239193,7186～200100,6110～121100,3115～11170和0131～6116mgΠkg;不同种类的重金属在污泥中的质量分数也不同,w(Cu)和w(Cr)高于w(Pb),w(A s)和w(Cd);污泥中重金属质量分数还随污水处理厂的不同而变化,这与污水来源和污水处理工艺有关.分析表明,除7号污水处理厂污泥中w(Cd)超出我国农用泥质(CJΠT309—2009)A级污泥、园林绿化用泥质(G BΠT23486—2009)和土地改良用泥质(CJΠT291—2008)中酸性土壤(pH<615)施用标准外,其他污水处理厂的污泥重金属质量分数均低于我国农用泥质(CJΠT309—2009)A级污泥标准以及美国、德国和欧盟农用污泥标准的重金属控制限值.达标的污泥可将混合填埋、农用、园林绿化、土地改良、制砖和水泥熟料生产作为污泥处置备选方案.

关键词:重金属;污泥;污水处理厂

中图分类号:X703 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-6929(2010)06-0696-07

Po ll u ti o n S ta tu s and C ha rac te ris ti c s o f Heavy M e ta ls i n S ew age S l udge fr om M un i c i p a lW a s tew a te r Trea t m en t P l an ts

Y AO J in2ling,WANG Hai2yan,Y U Yun2jiang,WANG Q i,WANG Xing2run

Chinese Research Acade my of Envir on mental Sciences,Beijing　100012,China

Abstract:The polluti on status and characteristics of heavy metals including Cu,Cr,Pb,A s and Cd in se wage sludge sa mp les fr om16 munici pal waste water treat m ent p lants in China were investigated,and the feasible dis posal methods of se wage sludge were discussed. The results showed that the contents of Cu,Cr,Pb,A s and Cd ranged fr om141482239193,71862200100,61102121100,3115211170 and013126116mgΠkg(dry basis),res pectively.It was found that the contents of the heavy metals varied with their s pecies.The contents of Cu and Cr were al w ays higher than those of Pb,A s and Cd.For different waste water treat m ent p lants,the contents of the sa me heavy metals turned out t o be different,which may be the result of different waste water res ources and treat m ent p r ocesses in the p lants.The contents of the heavy metals in all the sludge sa mp les excep t one were bel ow the per m itted li m its of sludge quality standards of China(CJΠT30922009),and the sludge quality standards f or agricultural use of America,Ger many and the Eur opean Uni on.The one excep ti on was the sludge sa mp le of the No.7waste water treat m ent p lant,for which Cr content exceeded the per m itted li m its of the A2class sludge quality standard of China f or agricultural use(CJΠT30922009),the acidic s oil(pH<615)of the sludge quality standards f or afforestati on in gardens or f orests(G BΠT2348622009).and f or land i m p r ove ment(CJΠT29122008).It was deduced that all the se wage sludge up t o the standards m ight be utilized not only f or co2landfilling,but als o for agriculture,aff orestati on in gardens or f orests,land i m p r ove ment,brick making and ce ment clinker p r oducti on.

Key words:heavy metals;se wage sludge;munici pal waste water treat m ent p lant

收稿日期:2009-09-14 修订日期:2010-01-25

基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(GYK10901);国家“十一五”科技支撑计划重点项目

(2007BAC16B07);国家环保公益性行业科研专项

(200809046)

作者简介:姚金玲(1985-),女,黑龙江五大连池人, yaojl139@.

3责任作者,于云江(1964-),男,内蒙古乌拉特前旗人,研究员,博士,主要从事环境风险评价,yuyj@

城市污水处理厂污泥是污水处理的产物,富集了污水中大部分污染物质.由于我国工业污水和生活污水混合排放,因此城市污水处理厂进水和污泥中不可避免地含有重金属.我国污泥产生量大、处理处置率低.污泥长期暴露在环境中,重金属元素会逐渐释放进入环境介质,进而影响环境安全与人体健康.污泥的重金属含量是选择污泥处置方式尤其是土地利用和建材利用的重要影响因素.因此,污泥的重金属含量是国家管理部门、研究机构和普