jmp介绍

JMP介紹
CONTENTS 目錄
OVERVIEW OF JMP 4 JMP 概觀
GETTING HELP 8 獲取協助
JMP DEMONSTRATION 9 JMP 功能表說明
SETTING PREFERENCES 14 參數設定
ENTERING DATA 輸入資料15 ∙Opening an Existing File 開啟舊檔16 ∙Starting a New File 開啟新檔17 ∙Exercise 1: Entering Data into a JMP Spreadsheet 練習1 : 資料輸入23 ∙Importing Data from Other Applications 載入資料24 ∙Exercise 2: Cut and Paste, Import 練習2 : 剪, 貼, 及載入資料28
MANIPULATING DATA 29 ∙Adding Rows and Columns 加入行和列30 ∙Search and Replace 搜尋和替代33 ∙Selecting and De-Selecting Rows, Columns, and Table Portions
選擇和取消行,列,和表格選取部分34 ∙Including, Excluding, Hiding, and Unhiding Rows and Columns
包含及不包含, 隱藏和解除隱藏行和列37 ∙Row Markers, Colors, and Labels 行標記,顏色,和標籤39 ∙Moving and Deleting Rows and Columns 移動和刪除行和列43 ∙Copying, Moving and Deleting Table Portions 拷貝,移動和刪除表格部分44 ∙Tools Palette 工具箱45 ∙Exercise 3: Manipulating Data (Rows, Columns)
練習3: 操作數據(行,列)48 ∙Table Subset 表格子集50 ∙Table Group/Summary 表格整理/資料摘要52 ∙Sorting Rows 資料排序55 ∙Exercise 4: Manipulating Data (Sort, Subset, Group/Summary)
練習4: 操作數據(排序,子集,分組/歸納)56 ∙Stacking and Splitting Columns 堆疊和分隔列資料57 ∙Concatenating and Joining Files 垂直、水平接合檔案60
∙Transposing the Table 調換表格位置64 ∙Exercise 5: Concatenate and Stack 練習5: 接合和堆疊65 ∙Exercise 6: Join 練習6:連接檔案66 ∙Using the Calculator Function 使用計算功能67 ∙Getting into the Calculator 進入計算功能表68 ∙Elements of the Calculators Window 計算功能視窗元件70 ∙Exercise 7: Using the Calculator 練習7:使用計算功能74
ANALYZING AND GRAPHING DATA: 數據的分析和繪圖77∙Output Windows 輸出視窗78 ∙Border Menus 功能選單79 ∙Reveal Buttons 顯示按鈕80 ∙Pop-up Menus 下拉式功能選單81 ∙Re-sizing Graphs 縮放圖83
MANAGING OUTPUT 管理輸出結果85 ∙Printing 列印86 ∙Cutting and Pasting Analysis Output 剪, 貼分析結果87 ∙Journaling 日誌88 ∙Saving 存檔91 ∙Exercise 8: Saving Output 練習8:儲存結果93
Overview of JMP
OVERVIEW OF JMP
JMP 概觀
Purpose of This Course: This course is designed to provide a hands-on introduction and overview of the JMP statistical analysis software system. This course focuses on learning how to use JMP for entering, manipulating, analyzing, and presenting data.
課程的目的:這課程的設計是為了提供一個JMP統計分析軟體系統的實務操作簡介和概觀.這課程著重在如何使用JMP作資料輸入,操作,分析,和呈現.
Course Pre-Requisites/Contents: Knowledge of statistics is not required for this course. However, some familiarity with basic statistics may be useful. A few statistical methods and tools are discussed in this course, but only in the context of learning about JMP, not statistics. Purchase and installation of JMP are not covered in this course, nor is any discussion of future JMP releases, features, or plans. (Such topics may be taken off-line with the instructor.)
課前要求/內容:這課程不要求有統計知識的背景.然而,熟悉一些基本統計是有幫助的.僅少數有助於JMP軟體學習的統計方法和工具會在這課程中討論. JMP的購買和安裝,發行,特徵等相關內容不包含在這課程中.
Target Population: People who use (or soon will use) JMP for statistical data analysis. It is assumed that course participants already have access to JMP (as well as its user documentation), or soon will have access to it.
目標人口: 使用(或者將要使用) JMP來做作統計數據分析的人.
Skills/Knowledge: Upon completion of this course, participants will know how to:
技術/知識: 結束這課程時,參加此課程者將知道如何:
∙Enter data into JMP,輸入數據
∙Manipulate/massage data in JMP,操作數據
∙Analyze data in JMP,分析數據
∙Print out data analysis results,列印數據分解結果
∙Access help.使用輔助說明
Software Release: The contents of this course reflect JMP release 3.2. 使用軟體: JMP 3.2版.
Overview of JMP
What is JMP?JMP (pronounced “Jump”) is a powerful, flexible,
Windows-based statistical analysis software system. It has a totally
point-and-click graphical user interface, which eliminates the need for a programming or command language.JMP has very good graphics capabilities, and all of the data manipulation and analysis capabilities of SAS and RS/1, but is far easier to learn and use. As a Windows-based application, JMP works well with other Windows applications such as Word, PowerPoint, Excel, and cc:Mail.
什麼是 JMP? JMP (與英文"跳躍"發音相同)是一個強的,彈性的, 視窗操作的統計分析軟體系統.這一個統計分析軟體系統完全使用點選圖形的用戶界面,不需要用編輯程式或者指令語言方式. JMP有非常好製圖能力,以及其他數據處理和分析能力,比SAS和 RS/1更容易學習和使用. JMP視窗操作統計分析軟體系統可與別的Windows應用程式如Word, PowerPoint, Excel,和 cc:Mail一起使用.
History: JMP was developed by the SAS Institute, the largest supplier of statistics software in the world, and a long-time Intel supplier of VAX-based and PC-based statistics software. JMP was first released for the Apple Macintosh in October, 1989. It was made available for Windows-based PC
in February, 1995. Though JMP is its first PC-based product, the SAS Institute has been supplying statistical software since the late 1960.
歷史: JMP是由SAS學會(世界上最大的統計軟體供給者,也是長期英代爾的V AX-based和PC-based統計軟體的供應來源)所發展. JMP在1989年10月首先發行(for Apple Macintosh),. 1995年二月發行可在Windows-based PC下使用的版本.
Minimum System Requirements系統要求: Windows 3.1 (plus Win32s), Windows 95, or Windows NT. Intel 80386 processor, 8Mb RAM, 10MB free hard disk space.
User Documentation:使用者文獻
∙Introductory Guide --- A basic overview of JMP written from a tutorial approach. This is a good first book for anyone not familiar with JMP.
介紹導引---這是一個從教學的角度去撰寫的JMP基本介紹, 對於任何人不熟悉的與JMP這是相當好的入門.
∙User’s Guide --- A detailed look at JMP data handling features. This is
a good reference book for JMP data entry, data manipulation, and output
management.
使用手冊--- JMP數據處理特徵的一個詳細的手冊.這是對於JMP數據登錄,數據處理,和輸出管理相當好參考書
Statistics and Graphics Guide --- A detailed look at JMP’s statistical analysis tools. This is a good reference book for JMP data analysis.
統計和製圖法導引 ---一個詳細的JMP統計的分解工具. 對於 JMP數據分析是相當好的參考書.
Getting Help
GETTING HELP使用輔助說明
Help Menu: general-purpose help access, search list of keywords,
statistics help.輔助選單: 一般輔助說明,關鍵字搜尋,統計輔助.
Toolbar: Used for obtaining statistical help in output graphs and
tables. Click on this icon, then on the desired area of
graph/table.
工具欄: 使用者可直接從點選圖和表格方式獲得統計的輔助解說.
Support Model:支援模型
Before contacting technical support directly, you will want to check to see if your question has been answered in SAS Institute JMP Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) section. This is accessible on the WWW at
/service/techsup/faq/jmp.html. Or call JMP Technical Support at 919-677-8008 M-F 9-5 EST.
在你尋求技術支援前, 上網查尋(on the WWW at
/service/techsup/faq/jmp.html)SAS學會是否已有回答類似問題(FAQ 部分).或者打JMP技術支援電話919-677-8008 M-F 9-5 EST.
If you are in ATD or ATMO and have any statistically related questions on JMP, please contact an ATD or ATMO statistician. If you contact TAC
4-1234 they will refer you back to your local statistician. If we determine the problem to be network or computer related, we will take the steps to involve the correct people.如果你是ATD或者ATMO的成員且有任何的在統計上有關JMP的問題,請聯絡ATD或者ATMO統計員.
JMP Demonstration
JMP DEMONSTRATION
File Menu檔案選單---
Creating, opening, saving files. Importing data from other applications.
Printing. Exiting JMP.
開起新檔,打開舊檔, 儲存檔案.從別的應用程式作數據轉載. 列印.退出JMP.
Edit Menu編輯選單---
Undo, cut, copy, paste. Clear cells in spreadsheet. “ Journal” feature for exporting graph and table output to other applications.
取消,剪,複製,貼.清除電子試算表單元. “日誌"功能(圖和表格轉載到別的應用軟體).
Tables Menu表格選單---
Manipulating data in the spreadsheet: grouping, summarizing,
subsetting, sorting, stacking, splitting, transposing, concatenating, and joining. Design of Experiments feature.
電子試算表數據的整理及計算:包含組合, 歸納,子集,排序,疊合,分隔, 轉置, 連鎖,和接合.設計實驗.
Rows Menu行選單---
Row-related data manipulation features: excluding, including, hiding, unhiding, labeling, unlabeling, coloring, marking, selecting, moving, adding, and deleting.
行的數據處理:不包含,包含,隱匿, 顯示,標籤, 除去標籤,著色,標記,選擇,移動,加入,和刪除.
Columns Menu列選單---
Column-related data manipulation features: naming, hiding, unhiding, moving, adding, and deleting. Calculator for creating/modifying columns based on functions of other columns.
列的數據處理: 命名,隱匿, 顯示,移動,加入,和刪除.
JMP Demonstration
Analyze Menu分析選單---
(Use crime.jmp to demonstrate Correlation of Y scatter plot matrix)
(使用crime.jmp)
Distribution of Y: histogram, C pk, Normal probability plot, mean
test, Normality test.
Distribution of Y:直方圖, Cpk, 常態圖, 平均直檢定,常態檢定.
Fit Y by X: scatterplot, line and curve fitting, boxplots, 1-way
ANOVA and t-test for equal means, tests for equal standard
deviations, contingency tables.
Fit Y by X: 散佈圖, line and curve fitting, 箱型圖, 平均直One-way ANOV A和
t-test檢定, 標準差檢定,偶然表格.
Fit Model: multiple regression, multi-factor ANOVA with nested
and crossed factors, variance components, response surface
analysis.
Nonlinear Fit: non-linear model fitting.非線性: non-linear模型
Correlation of Y: scatterplot matrix, correlation matrix.
Y: scatterplot矩陣,相互關係矩陣.
Cluster: cluster analysis.群組分析
Survival: reliability data analysis.殘存分析:可信數據分析.
Graphs Menu圖選單---
(Use cowboy.jmp to demonstrate Spinning Plot) (使用cowboy.jmp)
Bar/Pie Charts: bar, pie, and line charts.柱狀/圓餅圖: 柱狀圖,餅圖,
和折線圖
Overlay Plot: multiple lines on the same graph.覆蓋繪製:多條線
可繪在相同的圖上.
Spinning Plot: 3-D plot which can be rotated in any direction.
紡織繪製: 3-D繪製能在任何的方向作旋轉.
Pareto Charts: Pareto diagrams. 柏拉圖
Control Charts: control charts, out-of-control tests, gage R&R
analysis, variance component analysis.控製圖:控製圖, 失控測試,
抵押品R&R分解,變異成分分析
Contour Plot: contour plot of Z over X-Y plane.輪廓繪製: Z 在
X-Y平面的輪廓繪製
Ternary Plot: contour plot of response from mixture of three
variables.三個的繪製: 混合的三變量之反應值輪廓繪製.
Tools Menu ---
(Tools will be discussed and demonstrated later in the Tools Palette section.)
Pointer: selects windows, graph points and bars, table rows
and columns. 箭頭標示: 選擇視窗, 圖點, 柱形圖, 表格欄列
Hand Tool: direct manipulation of histograms and spinning 3-D
plots. 手形標示: 直接共製直方圖或是轉動圖
Help: statistical help used in output graphs and tables.求助功能:
直接使用在輸出圖表上
Brush: highlight rectangular areas of points on graphs.著色功能
Crosshairs: set of axes to find point coordinates and distances
on graphs. 座標十字: 指示點的座標
Scissors: select sections of output graphs and tables for
cut-and-paste. 剪刀: 用來剪下圖和表
Lasso: highlight irregular areas of points on graphs. 套索: 用來
選不規則的區域
Magnifier: zoom in on graph areas. 放大鏡: 放大某圖形區域
Annotate: insert text comments in output graphs.
JMP Demonstration
Windows Menu視窗選單---
Show markers, colors and/or tools palettes. Arrange, redraw, hide, name or close windows. Toggle between windows.
顯示標記顏色和工具調色盤.
Setting Preferences
SETTING PREFERENCES
設定輸出視窗格式
Preferences may be set for output windows using the File, Preferences selection from the menu. There are preferences that apply globally and preferences that apply to specific output windows. Preferences may be set to affect all future output. Most Preferences determine the initial look, content and layout of the output.
在File/Preferences 下可以從功能選單中選擇輸出視窗格式, 且此格式將會被應用在未來所有輸出視窗上.
Recommended preferences: 建議設定
Extra Larger Markers: All graphs will have extra large markers.
Under the Analyze Menu
select Fit: Oneway Layout
under Display Options:
click on Show Points
click on Quantile Boxes
click off X-axis proportional
Increase font sizes using FONTS …
You may access the recommended Intel Preferences on the ATD Stats Web page.
Entering Data
ENTERING DATA
輸入資料
In most cases, the first thing you will want to do with JMP is to enter data. This section of the course introduces the various ways you can get data into JMP:
在多數情況下, 操作JMP必須做的第一件事是輸入數據.這部分的課程告訴讀者不同輸入數據的途徑
1. Opening an existing JMP file.開啟一存在的JMP檔案
2. Starting a new file.開啟一個新的檔案
3. Importing data from other applications.從別的應用程式轉載數據
Entering Data
Opening an Existing File
開啟舊檔
1. Select Open under the File menu.選擇File/Open
2. Use the dialogue window to select which file you want to open.使用對話
窗口選擇欲打開的檔案
3. Use JMP to manipulate or analyze the data or to enter more data.使用JMP操縱或分析數據或者輸入更多數據
Starting a New File開始一個新的檔案
1. Select New under the File menu, or click the icon.
選擇File/New 或點開
2. Double-click here在這裡按兩下加行
to add rows 3. Double-click here to add columns
在這裡按兩下加列
4. Set up each column (Cols menu, Column Info item):
name, data validation checking, data type (numeric, character), modeling type (continuous, nominal, ordinal), field width, etc.
列的設定(選Cols/Column Info): 列的命名, 數據確認檢驗, 定義數據類型(數值,字符), 建立模式類型(連續的,名目的,序數), 域寬度(field width), 及其他
5. Enter the data (cut/paste, keyboard, etc.).輸入數據(剪/貼,鍵盤輸入, 及其他.)
Column Info Options列信息選項
Col Name:Choose any name desired to identify contents.
列名稱:選擇適合的名稱以識別
Lock:Use to keep the contents of a column from being accidentally changed.
鎖:預防列資料被意外的改變
Validation:Values to be entered are restricted to a range or list.
確認:歸範輸入值使其受一範圍的限制
∙List Check ------ values may be entered into a list, all values put in the column must match values in the list. Ctrl-Click brings up the
acceptable list of values that can be entered.
目錄檢查------輸入值必須是合乎指定要求
∙Range Check ------values entered into the column must be within the specified range of values in the range check.
範圍檢查------輸入值必須是合乎指定的範圍.
Data Types: What kind of data goes in the column?
數據類型
∙Numeric ------ column contains numbers. Values are right justified.
數值的------列包含數字.值是靠右排
∙Character ---- column contains any characters, including numbers.
Values are left justified.
字符----列包含任何的字符, 及數字. 靠左排.
Row State --- characteristics associated with a row (e.g.,
hidden/not-hidden, excluded/included, color, marker, etc.).
Not used in data analysis, except to customize the
appearance of graphs.
行狀態---隱藏/解除隱藏, 不包含的/包含的,顏色,標記,及其他.
Entering Data
Modeling Types: How is this data going to be used?
建立模型: 資料形態及使用
∙ Continuous --- numeric values that are treated as continuous
measurements. Data values are used in calculations.
連續的 ---連續的數值是可以計算.
∙ Ordinal -------- either numeric or character data type. Values are
treated as categories with an order or sequence.
序數 --------數值的或者字符類型. 有順序關係
∙ Nominal ------- either numeric or character data type. Values are
treated as categories with no order or sequence.
名目上的 -------數值的或者字符類型. 有類別關係無順序關係
The data and modeling types are related as follows:
數據和建立模式類型關係
Data Type 數據類型
Numeric
Character Row State
Modeling Continuous Type Ordinal
模式類型 Nominal
The Modeling Type and Column Roles are displayed and can be changed on the data table as well as in the column info box:
模式類型和列角色可以被顯示出來亦可以被改變, 和 “column info” 對話方格相似
Modeling Type 建模類型 Column Roles 列角色
Column Roles:列角色
∙X ---------- independent or predictor variable. (inputs) X---獨立或預測變量.
(輸入)
∙Y ---------- dependent or response variable. (outputs) Y---反應變量. (輸出)∙Weight --- values are weights for the response variable.權重---反應變量的加權.
∙Freq ------ values assign a frequency for each row.頻率---各行的頻率
∙Label ----- values specify labels for plotted points.標籤-----用來標示點
Entering Data
Column role assignments are optional. If no roles are assigned, you will receive a dialog window each time you want to perform an analysis. The dialog window will prompt you for the X variable(s), the Y variable(s), weights, etc.
Column role是可選擇的.如果不指定role, 每次你要利用 JMP作分析時會收到一個對話窗口.對話窗口將要求你對於 X變量(s), Y變量(s),權重,及其他等作指派.
Data Source: Specify if a formula is to be used. If a formula is used then the JMP calculator dialog will be provided.
數據來源: 可由此看出列資料是否使用公式產生. 此公式會在此對話方格中顯示出. Field Width: Specifies the number of characters that the column will accept. To view the full field width you may need to place the cursor on the column border and click and drag the column width to size.
域寬: 可由此看出指定域寬. 可拖動那列寬大小去檢查.
Important Note:You may access the “Column info” box anytime by double-clicking on the top of the column between the modeling type and column roles boxes.
重要的筆記: 當你重複兩次點列首, 可以得到一個列資料的對話方格
Exercise 1: Entering Data into a JMP Spreadsheet
練習1: 輸入數據至JMP電子製表軟件
Enter the following data into a new JMP spreadsheet by following the steps below:利用下列步驟輸入數據至JMP電子製表軟件
1) Create a spreadsheet with four columns and four rows.創造一個四列四行
的電子製表軟件
2) Label the columns.標示列
3) Click and drag the column dividers to the desired field widths.點及拖曳列
到希望列寬
4) Change the data type of the “Name” column to character.改變“Name”列
數據型態使其為字符
5) Change the field width of the “Name” column to 15.改變“Name”列field
width到15
6) Change the Columns Roles box for the “Name” column to “Label”.改變列
角色框選項並選label
7) Enter a list check on the “Name” column so that only these four names
can be entered.選“List Check” 以防誤寫
8) Enter the four names into the spreadsheet using the Ctrl-click feature.用
那Ctrl-click輸入那四個名字
9) Enter a range check for the “Score” column so that only numbers
between 0 and 90 are accepted.輸入一個“Score” 檢查範圍為0 – 90
10) Change the format of the “Attendance” column to fixed decimal with 2
digits after the decimal point.改變“Attendance” 格式. 設定小數點後2位11) Enter the data into the “Count”, “Score” and “Attendance” columns.輸
入數據至“Count”, “Score” and “Attendance” 列
12) Lock the “Count” column so that data cannot be accidentally changed
or deleted.鎖定“Count” 列以防偶然地改變了或者刪除資料
Importing Data From Other Applications
從別的應用軟體轉載數據
There are three ways you can input data into JMP from other applications: 從別的應用軟體轉載數據有三途徑
1. SAS Transport Files. These are files in a special format used for
transporting data to and from the SAS statistical analysis system. We will not discuss this method in this course. SAS傳送檔案. 在這課程我們將要不討論這方法.
2. Cut-and-Paste. If your data are in a spreadsheet (e.g., Excel):
如果你的數據是在一個電子製表軟件(如Excel), 使用剪貼方式.
a) In the spreadsheet, use the mouse to highlight the portion of the
table that you want to input to JMP, and copy it to the clipboard.
使用滑鼠選取所要表格複製這到剪貼板, 再貼到JMP電子製表軟件
b) Close the spreadsheet application, and get into JMP.
關閉原始電子製表軟件, 進入JMP
c) Create a new file that contains the same number of columns as
the data being copied.
開一個新的檔案, 增加與欲拷貝的數據相同的列數
d) Highlight the column headers, and paste the contents of the
clipboard. The copied data will appear in the JMP table. If a new
table is being created and column labels are to be copied into
JMP, use alt-paste-at-end to put the column labels in the label
position.
利用滑鼠選取列首, 並用貼(Paste)工具貼上欲拷貝的數據. 數據將出現在JMP表上.
如果欲將列標簽一同拷貝到新的JMP表格內, 使用alt + Edit/paste at end方式拷貝在JMP表格
e) Use the Column Info item on the Cols menu to properly set up each
column’s data and modeling types. (It isn’t necessary to add rows to
the new file.)
使用Column Info 去建立列數據狀態和建模類型. (用這方式不需要增加行)
Importing Data From Other Applications (continued)
從別的應用軟體轉載數據(繼續)
3. Import a Text File:匯入一個文件
a) If your data are not already in text format, export the data from
the other application into a text file (*.txt).
如果你的數據不是文件格式檔(txt 檔), 先轉為文件檔
∙The text file data values can have any delimiter (separator).
那文件格式檔數據值能夠有含有任何的定界符號(分隔符號)
∙Tabs, spaces, or commas are the most common delimiters.
Tabs, 空格, 或者逗號是最常見的定界符號
∙The text file can contain column labels as the first line of the file.那文本文件能夠包含列標簽使其為檔案首行.
b) Get into JMP. It isn’t necessary to create or format a new file.
進入JMP. 不必要開啟或者格式化一個新的檔案
c) Use the Import item (Text selection) on the File menu to import
the text file:使用File/Import/Text匯入文件
Importing Data From Other Applications (continued)
從別的應用軟體匯入數據(繼續)
d) Click on “Options” to specify import options:選File/Import/Text/Option項
“Data Only” ------- Select this if the text file contains only data (no
column labels).
文件僅含數據(沒有列標簽), 則選Data Only “Labels” ----------- Select this if the first line of the text file
contains column labels.
如果列首含列標簽則選Labels, 則選Labels “JMP Header” --- Select this if the text file being imported was
originally exported by JMP
如果是JMP文件的匯入, 則選Jmp Header “End of Field” --- Specify the character(s) used to separate data
values in the text file.
詳細說明文件中用來分隔數據值的符號
“End of Line” ---- Specify the character(s) used to separate lines
in the text file.
詳細說明文件中用來分隔行線的符號
“Strip Enclosing Quotes” --- Select this if each data value in the
text file is enclosed in quotes.
如果文件以是被引用(Quotes), 則選擇“Strip
Enclosing Quotes”
e) If necessary, use the Column Info item on the Cols menu to set
up each column’s name, d ata, modeling type, etc.
如果必要,使用Cols/Column Info 去設定各列名稱, 數據, 建模類型, 及其他
Entering Data
Exercise 2: Cut and Paste, Import練習2:剪貼,匯入
There are two ways to get existing (non-JMP) files of data into JMP.
有二途徑得到轉換非JMP檔案的數據到JMP表格
Cut and Paste剪貼
1. The instructor will demonstrate the cut and paste functions to import data
from Excel. (You may also use the notepad by double clicking on the file holediam.txt.) You will need to have a new spreadsheet in JMP.
To do this Select File, New.
用Edit/Cut 和Edit/Paste從Excel轉載數據(holediam.txt檔) 至JMP的示範, 首先要開一個新檔File/New.
Import匯入
2. Import the file holediam.txt. 匯入holediam.txt 檔案
Use the File, Import, Text functions.使用File/Import/Text
Lot Part EtchTime Mach Bottom Left Right Top 9622_001 1 112 454A 498.17 498.55 499.23 496.13 9622_001 2 112 454A 497.38 499.01 498.82 495.34 9622_001 3 112 454A 498.10 498.48 498.48 495.67 9622_002 1 115 36XL 500.89 502.24 501.51 498.8 9622_002 2 115 36XL 500.80 502.28 501.87 499.31 9622_002 3 115 36XL 500.14 501.78 502.13 498.46 9622_003 1 115 J102 500.60 502.04 501.45 498.89
MANIPULATING DATA
操作數據
(use bigclass.jmp)
Once your data are in JMP, it is likely that you will want to manipulate it before you analyze it. This section of the course introduces the various data manipulation features in JMP:
有可能你會希望在分析數據對數據前先做一番整理. 這部分的課程介紹JMP不同的數據處理特徵
∙Adding Rows and Columns加入行和列
∙Search and Replace搜尋和替換
∙Selecting and De-Selecting Rows, Columns, and Table Portions選擇和解除選擇行,列,和表格部分
∙Including, Excluding, Hiding, and Unhiding Rows and Columns包含, 不包含,隱藏,和解除隱藏行和列
∙Row Markers, Colors, and Labels行標記,顏色,和標簽
∙Locking and Unlocking Columns, and Data Validation鎖定和解除鎖定列,與數據設定
∙Moving and Deleting Rows and Columns移動和刪除行和列
∙Table Subset表格子集
∙Table Group/Summary表格分組/歸納
∙Sorting Rows排序行
∙Stacking and Splitting Columns堆疊和分割列
∙Concatenating and Joining Files接合檔案
∙Transposing the Table轉置表格
∙Using the Calculator Function使用計算器功能
Adding Rows and Columns
加入行和列
Rows:行
∙Double-click inside the triangular Rows area in the upper-left corner of the data table. Fill in the number of rows to add, and where to add them.
按兩下左上角三角形的區域以增加行
Double-Click Here在這裡按兩下
∙Select Add Rows from the Rows menu. Fill in the number of rows to add, and where to add them.
從Rows/Add Rows填寫行數,和在哪裡加入行
Entering Data
Columns:列
∙Double-click inside the triangular Columns area in the upper-left corner of the data table. Fill in the column name, data type, modeling type, etc.
Use this to add one new column.
按兩下左上角三角形的列區域.填寫那列名稱,數據類型,建模類型,及其他新的列特徵Double-Click Here在這裡按兩下
∙Select New Column from the Cols menu. Fill in the column name, data type, modeling type, etc. Use this to add one new column.
從Cols/New Column 填寫列名稱,數據類型,建模類型,及其他以加入此一新列
Select Add Columns from the Cols menu. Fill in the column name prefix, the number of columns to add, the type of data the columns will contain, where to add the columns, etc. Use this to add several new columns.
從列選單選擇Cols/Add Columns 填寫列名稱字首,加列數, 數據類型, 加列到哪裡,及其他. 使用這個對話方格可以加數個新的列
Search and Replace搜尋和替換
Select Search from the Edit menu, and choose Find. Fill in the value you want to find, what you want to replace it with (optional), whether you want to replace all values, whether to search by row or by column, etc.
那從編輯選單選“Search/Find”, 輸入目標值, 替代值, 是否要替代所有值, 行搜尋或列搜尋, 及其他.
Note: Search will not look for values in locked or hidden columns, which will be explained later.
筆記: 搜索將不尋找鎖定值或者隱藏列,後面再解釋.
Rows and Columns行和列
(Use bigclass.jmp. Place data set and Y vs X plot of Weight Vs. Height side by side)
(使用bigclass.jmp.)
Selecting and De-Selecting Rows, Columns, and Table Portions
選擇和解除選擇行,列,和表格部分
Rows:行
∙In the data table, drag the mouse cursor across the range of rows.
在數據表格,拖動滑鼠游標選則一個範圍的行
∙Shift-click the first and last rows you want to select (contiguous selection).使用Shift+click來選擇第一個行及最後一個行(毗鄰的選擇)
∙Control-click individual rows (discontiguous selection).
使用Control+click選擇不連續的行(不接觸的選擇)
∙While viewing a graph, click or select points or bars in the graph.
當觀察一個圖時, 在圖上點選圖點或bars
Note: To find the selected rows in a large data set,
use Rows Locate Next or Locate Previous.
筆記: 如要在一個大量數據集內找到所選的行資料, 可使用Rows/Locate Next或者Rows/Locate Previous
∙To select rows based on the value(s) of a certain column, use the Select item (Where) on the Rows menu:
若要對特定的列值作行的選擇, 使用功能選單Rows/Select item(where)
◊Choose the column whose values will be used to select the rows,選擇那一個列的值要做選擇的指標
◊Choose the selection criterion (e.g., equals, less than, greater than, etc.),定出選擇標準(e.g.,相等的,小於, 大於, 及其他.)
◊Fill in the selection value (may be character or number, depending on the type of data in the chosen column).填寫選擇標準(可以是字符或者數字, 依選擇標準類型而定)
Columns:列:
∙In the data table, drag the mouse cursor across the range of columns you want to select.在數據表格,拖動滑鼠游標到選擇的範圍
∙Shift-click the first and last columns you want to select (contiguous selection).同時按下Shift並選第一及最後的列(毗鄰的選擇)
∙Control-click individual columns (discontiguous selection).同時按下Control 並任意選(不連續的選擇)
Table Portions:表格部分
∙ A rectangular portion of a table can be selected simply by dragging the mouse cursor over the cells that you want to select. This will highlight the corresponding row and column headings. 表格單元部分的選擇可簡單地靠拖動滑鼠游標選取. 被選部分的行和列頭標會有反白.
Deselecting Rows and Columns:解除選擇行和列
∙Click inside the triangular Rows area in the upper-left corner of the data table to deselect all rows. Do the same in the Columns area to deselect all columns.點左上角三角形的部分去取消行或列的選擇
Click Here
Inverting Row Selection:轉置行
∙You can reverse a row selection by choosing Invert Selection on the Rows menu.你能夠使用功能選單的Rows/Invert selection去轉置行
Including, Excluding, Hiding, and Unhiding Rows and Columns
包含,不包含, 隱藏和解除隱藏行和列
Definitions:定義
∙Excluded Row: The data will not be included in the analysis, but will appear on all graphs. Rows/Excluded行: 數據將不會納入分析, 但是會出現在圖表上
∙Hidden Row: The data will be included in the analysis, but will not appear on any graph.Rows/Hidden行: 數據將不會出現在圖表上, 但是會納入分析
∙Hidden Column: Will not appear in the data table, but it is not removed from the file, so it can still be used in analysis or graphs.
Cols/Hide Columns列:將不會出現在那數據表格中, 但是仍存在檔案中, 仍然可用來分析或者繪圖
Rows:行
∙To exclude rows, first select the rows you want to exclude, then choose Exclude/Include from the Rows menu. (Excluded rows are marked with
a symbol in the data table.)
欲Exclude行, 首先選擇那幾行你不想用來分析數據. 選擇Rows/Exclude (Excluded之
行在那數據表頭有記號.)
∙To hide rows, first select the rows you want to hide, then choose
from the Rows menu. (Hidden rows are marked with a
首先選你想隱藏的行, 再從功能選單選擇Rows/Hide. (
∙
by selecting the rows and choosing the appropriate item from the Rows menu.
若要對Excluded (or hidden) rows恢復Including (or unhiding) 的動作時, 可從功能選單Rows 中再選一次
Columns:列
∙To hide columns, first select the columns you want to hide, then choose Hide Columns from the Cols menu.
隱藏列的方法, 首先選你所要隱藏的列, 再從功能選單中選擇Cols/hide
∙To unhide columns, choose Unhide from the Cols menu, and specify which columns you would like to unhide.
取消隱藏列的方法, 選擇Cols/Unhide, 並詳細說明哪一個列你想取消隱藏
Manipulating Data
Row Markers, Colors, and Labels
行標記,顏色,和標籤
Colors and Markers:顏色和標記
If you want one or more rows to have a different point color on graphs (default color is black), select the rows and choose Colors from the Rows menu. A color palette will appear, allowing you to choose the color for the selected rows. (Colored rows are marked with a colored dot in the data table.)
如果你想在圖上用不同的顏色代表不同的行資料 (預設值的顏色是黑色),選擇欲標示的行, 然後選 Rows/Colors. 會出現一個色板, 供你選擇顏色. (選後 Rows’ head會產生點記號.)
If you want one or more rows to have a different point style on graphs (default style is a dot), select the rows and choose Markers from the Rows menu. A marker palette will appear, allowing you to choose the point style
for the selected rows. (Row markers are displayed on the data table.)
如果你想要一個或者更多行有不同的標記點樣式(預設值樣式是一點狀), 先選擇欲標記的行, 然後選Rows/Markers. 會有一個標記板出現, 允許你到選擇標記點樣式. (選後Rows’ head會有一標記點記號.。