初中英语-情态动词 课件(共31张PPT)
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• 动词四类 • 1.实义动词（99%） • 2.系动词 • 3.情态动词 • 4.助动词
• 动词四类 • 1.实义动词（99%） • 2.系动词 • 3.情态动词 • 4.助动词
Exercise
• 我们必须输！
We must lose!
• 我们输的起！
We may lose!
• 我们可能会输的！ We can lose!
away. • 在疑问句中通常用should代替ought to。 • Should I open the window？
二、情态动词的用法 6.should和ought to
(2)should have done表应该做到而没做到， 并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气。
• e.g.I should helped her, but I never could.
• e.g.Since the ground is wet,it must have rained
last night.
• He
the way,I drew him a map.
• Tom_____be a doctor,for he works in a bookshtore.
• A.needn’t • C.should
二、情态动词的用法 2.may和might
(1)用于祈使句中表祝愿。
• e.g.May you succeed!
• Look out! The knife is very sharp.You____cut your finger.
• A.need • C.should
B.must D.may
二、情态动词的用法 3.must和have to
二、情态动词的用法 7.will和would
(2)表请求、建议等，用于疑问句，would比 will更委婉。
• e.g.Will you close the window? • Would you pass mewenku.baidu.comthe book?
二、情态动词的用法 8.情态动词可表推测
(1)表对现在或将来发生的事情的推测， 肯定用must be，否定用Can't be。
• A.may not C.daren't
B.don't dare D.needn't
二、情态动词的用法 5.used to和had better
• (1)used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态， 现已不存在。
• e.g.There used to be our playground.
二、情态动词的用法 5.used to和had better
委婉
（虚礼）
一、情态动词定义？
• 情态动词不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动 词（包括动词原形及其被动语态）一起构 成谓语，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的 态度和看法。
• 情态动词本身有一定意义， 一般没有人称 和数的变化。
二、情态动词的用法
• (1)表能力，一般翻译成“能”，可用be able to代替
• e.g.I think we can complete the work ahead of time.
• I'll not be able to come this afternoon.
二、情态动词的用法
• (2)表客观可能性，在疑问句中表示请求 或许可
• e.g.Man can not live without air. • Can I use your pen?
• e.g.——Must we hand in our exercise books now?
• ——Yes,you must. • ——No,you needn't/No,you don't have to.
二、情态动词的用法 3.must和have to (2)have to的含义与must相似，但
的变化，多强调 必要性。
• e.g.It's too late,and he has to go. • I had to work when I was your age.
• My parents never remember my telephone number,and they always ____look it up.
• You_____him the truth.
• A.shall have told B.shall tell
C.should tell
D.should have told
二、情态动词的用法 7.will和would
(1)表意愿，用于各种人称的陈述句。
• e.g.I will do anything for you. • If you will read the book,I'll lend it to you.
二、情态动词的用法 4.dare和need
need “需要” dare“敢” 可作情态动词也可作实义动词
• (2)当实义动词使用时，有人称和时态的变化 • e.g.You don't need to do it yourself. • He did not dare(to) look up.
• ——Can you drive a car at present? • ——I_____ do so in the busy street.
• *could是can的过去时，主要用于疑问句，表示语 气委婉。
• 肯定回答用 can • 否定回答可用 No,I'm afraid not.
• e.g.——Could I come to see you tomorrow? • ——Yes,you can. • ——No,I'm afraid not.
(1)must表义务或强制。译为“必须”，多强 调 意志。
• e.g.We must respect our teachers and
parents.
表义务
• I must do my homework every day.
表强制
• *回答以must引出的问句时， • 肯定回答用 must • 否定回答可用 needn't或don't have to
CCaann I use your phone please? 直截了当
Coouuldld I use your phone please ? 礼貌客气
MMaayy I use your phone please? 尊重委婉
Miigghhtt I use your phone please? 尊重委婉
• ——I', afraid you _____.
• A.could C.couldn't
B.can D.can't
二、情态动词的用法 2.may和might (1)表许可，使用might时，表示语气较委婉。 可以指过去的时间，也可指现在的时间。
• e.g.You may take whatever you like. • May(Might) I ask for a photo of your baby?
(2)had better 意为“最好”。
• e.g.We had better (not）go now.
二、情态动词的用法
6.should和ought to
(1)should表“应该”，用法类似的有ought to. • e.g.You should(ought to) go to class right
• A.must • C.should
B.can D.have to
二、情态动词的用法 4.dare和need
• need “需要” dare“敢” 可作情态动词也可作实义动词
(1)当情态动词使用时，无人称和时态的变化，主要用 于疑问句和否定句 • e.g.——Need I finish the work today? • ——Yes, you must. • How dare you say I'm unfair?
• e.g.This must be Bill's bed,it's so tidy. • This can't be Bill's bed,it's so tidy.
二、情态动词的用法
8.情态动词可表推测
• (2)表对过去行为或动作进行推测， • 肯定用must have done， • 否定用can(could)not have done.
B.can’t D.may
• ——I’m sorry.I____at you the other day. • ——Forget it.I was a bit of control myself.
• A.shouldn’t shout B.shouldn’t have shouted C.mustn’t shout D.mustn’t have shouted
二、情态动词的用法
• (3)表惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度（主要 用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中）
• e.g.Can this be true? • How can you be so careless! • He can't be there!
• ——Could I borrow your umbrella,please?
• 动词四类 • 1.实义动词（99%） • 2.系动词 • 3.情态动词 • 4.助动词
Exercise
• 我们必须输！
We must lose!
• 我们输的起！
We may lose!
• 我们可能会输的！ We can lose!
away. • 在疑问句中通常用should代替ought to。 • Should I open the window？
二、情态动词的用法 6.should和ought to
(2)should have done表应该做到而没做到， 并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气。
• e.g.I should helped her, but I never could.
• e.g.Since the ground is wet,it must have rained
last night.
• He
the way,I drew him a map.
• Tom_____be a doctor,for he works in a bookshtore.
• A.needn’t • C.should
二、情态动词的用法 2.may和might
(1)用于祈使句中表祝愿。
• e.g.May you succeed!
• Look out! The knife is very sharp.You____cut your finger.
• A.need • C.should
B.must D.may
二、情态动词的用法 3.must和have to
二、情态动词的用法 7.will和would
(2)表请求、建议等，用于疑问句，would比 will更委婉。
• e.g.Will you close the window? • Would you pass mewenku.baidu.comthe book?
二、情态动词的用法 8.情态动词可表推测
(1)表对现在或将来发生的事情的推测， 肯定用must be，否定用Can't be。
• A.may not C.daren't
B.don't dare D.needn't
二、情态动词的用法 5.used to和had better
• (1)used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态， 现已不存在。
• e.g.There used to be our playground.
二、情态动词的用法 5.used to和had better
委婉
（虚礼）
一、情态动词定义？
• 情态动词不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动 词（包括动词原形及其被动语态）一起构 成谓语，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的 态度和看法。
• 情态动词本身有一定意义， 一般没有人称 和数的变化。
二、情态动词的用法
• (1)表能力，一般翻译成“能”，可用be able to代替
• e.g.I think we can complete the work ahead of time.
• I'll not be able to come this afternoon.
二、情态动词的用法
• (2)表客观可能性，在疑问句中表示请求 或许可
• e.g.Man can not live without air. • Can I use your pen?
• e.g.——Must we hand in our exercise books now?
• ——Yes,you must. • ——No,you needn't/No,you don't have to.
二、情态动词的用法 3.must和have to (2)have to的含义与must相似，但
的变化，多强调 必要性。
• e.g.It's too late,and he has to go. • I had to work when I was your age.
• My parents never remember my telephone number,and they always ____look it up.
• You_____him the truth.
• A.shall have told B.shall tell
C.should tell
D.should have told
二、情态动词的用法 7.will和would
(1)表意愿，用于各种人称的陈述句。
• e.g.I will do anything for you. • If you will read the book,I'll lend it to you.
二、情态动词的用法 4.dare和need
need “需要” dare“敢” 可作情态动词也可作实义动词
• (2)当实义动词使用时，有人称和时态的变化 • e.g.You don't need to do it yourself. • He did not dare(to) look up.
• ——Can you drive a car at present? • ——I_____ do so in the busy street.
• *could是can的过去时，主要用于疑问句，表示语 气委婉。
• 肯定回答用 can • 否定回答可用 No,I'm afraid not.
• e.g.——Could I come to see you tomorrow? • ——Yes,you can. • ——No,I'm afraid not.
(1)must表义务或强制。译为“必须”，多强 调 意志。
• e.g.We must respect our teachers and
parents.
表义务
• I must do my homework every day.
表强制
• *回答以must引出的问句时， • 肯定回答用 must • 否定回答可用 needn't或don't have to
CCaann I use your phone please? 直截了当
Coouuldld I use your phone please ? 礼貌客气
MMaayy I use your phone please? 尊重委婉
Miigghhtt I use your phone please? 尊重委婉
• ——I', afraid you _____.
• A.could C.couldn't
B.can D.can't
二、情态动词的用法 2.may和might (1)表许可，使用might时，表示语气较委婉。 可以指过去的时间，也可指现在的时间。
• e.g.You may take whatever you like. • May(Might) I ask for a photo of your baby?
(2)had better 意为“最好”。
• e.g.We had better (not）go now.
二、情态动词的用法
6.should和ought to
(1)should表“应该”，用法类似的有ought to. • e.g.You should(ought to) go to class right
• A.must • C.should
B.can D.have to
二、情态动词的用法 4.dare和need
• need “需要” dare“敢” 可作情态动词也可作实义动词
(1)当情态动词使用时，无人称和时态的变化，主要用 于疑问句和否定句 • e.g.——Need I finish the work today? • ——Yes, you must. • How dare you say I'm unfair?
• e.g.This must be Bill's bed,it's so tidy. • This can't be Bill's bed,it's so tidy.
二、情态动词的用法
8.情态动词可表推测
• (2)表对过去行为或动作进行推测， • 肯定用must have done， • 否定用can(could)not have done.
B.can’t D.may
• ——I’m sorry.I____at you the other day. • ——Forget it.I was a bit of control myself.
• A.shouldn’t shout B.shouldn’t have shouted C.mustn’t shout D.mustn’t have shouted
二、情态动词的用法
• (3)表惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度（主要 用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中）
• e.g.Can this be true? • How can you be so careless! • He can't be there!
• ——Could I borrow your umbrella,please?