坂茂的新西兰纸板教堂正在建设中

转自: 专筑网

Shigeru Ban’s Cardboard Cathedral Underway in New Zealand

坂茂的新西兰纸板教堂正在建设中

Shigeru Ban just can’t get enough of paper tubes. The Japanese architect, renowned for his design of structures that can be quickly and inexpensively erected in disaster zones, is at it again in the city of Christchurch, New Zealand, which was hit hard by a devastating earthquake last February. The earthquake of magnitude 6.3 killed over 200 people and inflicted irreparable damage on the city’s iconic gothic cathedral of 132 years. The cathedral was a copy of one in Oxford, England, and was one of the most famous landmarks of the Christchurch, pictured on postcards, souvenirs and tea towels.

坂茂只是不能得到足够的硬纸管。这为日本建筑师因为其建筑能被快速而低造价地在灾害地区树立起来而闻名，这次是在新西兰基督城，这个前年二月被地震重击的地方。里氏6.3级的地震使超过200人遇难，并且造成了无法弥补的损失，城市标志性的有132年历史的哥特式教堂被损毁。这座教堂是英格兰牛津地区的一个翻版，是基督城最著名的地标之一，明信片，纪念品，茶杯都印有它。

A pioneer in so-called “emergency architecture,” Shigeru Ban has begun construction on a highly anticipated, unique replacement: a simple A-frame structure composed of paper tubes of equal length and 20 foot containers. The tubes will be coated with waterproof polyurethane and flame retardants that the architect has been developing since 1986 – years before environmental friendliness and the use of inexpensive recycled materials were even a concern in architecture. “紧急建筑”领域的先锋，坂茂开始建造一个万众瞩目的独特替代品：一个框架简单的，用等长纸管和20英尺集装箱搭建而成。那些管子将被防水聚氨酯和阻燃剂包裹。自从1986

年起，使用廉价可再生材料就成为建筑领域关注的问题。

Ban’s simple structure rests on a deep concrete foundation, with eight shipping containers sitting on top – four on each side – to stabilize the cathedral’s sloping walls. These walls, coming together at a point 70 feet above the altar, are comprised of 96 cardboard tubes. Church officials wanted Ban to use his signature cardboard tubes for the cathedral, but the architect decided it was more important to use tubes manufactured locally, even though they were too small to support his structure. This problem was resolved quickly by internally reinforcing each tube with

local laminated wood beams. Finally, two-inch gaps between the tubes will allow light to filter into the Cardboard Cathedral, creating a peaceful and airy atmosphere within.

坂茂的简单构筑是建立在很深的水泥地基上的，8个海运集装箱放在顶部，4个一侧，用于稳定教堂倾斜的外墙。这些墙在一起组成一个70英尺高的祭司场所，而他们是由96个硬纸管构成的。教堂官方希望坂茂使用他标志性的硬纸管，而建筑师自己决定用当地生产的硬纸管更加重要，尽管他们用作结构支撑有点太小了。这个问题很快得到了解决，本地产的木梁间隔的支撑硬纸管。最后，管子之间两英寸的空隙使阳光得以透过纸板教堂进入室内，因造出室内宁静轻快地气氛。

“People are not killed by earthquakes, they’re killed by collapsing buildings,” claims Ban. “That’s

the responsibility of architects, but the architects are not there when people need some temporary structure because we’re too busy working for (the) privileged. Even a temporary structure can become a home.”

“人们不是直接因地震而丧命，他们是被倒塌的建筑夺去生命，”坂茂说到。“这是建筑师的责任，但是当人们需要一些临时建筑时，建筑师又忙于为特权阶层工作。就算是一个临时构筑也可以成为一个家。”

Victoria Matthews, Bishop of Christchurch Cathedral, could not agree more with Ban’s vision, having firsthand experience with the earthquake and its heartbreaking aftermath. “At this point, what [the city of] Christchurch needs above all else is something to celebrate,” she says. “There’s been so much loss, so much sadness [and] we’ve said goodbye to so many things. To be able to put up this cathedral quickly and effectively and be able to worship there and invite people in will be absolutely terrific.”

基督城大教堂的主教Victoria Matthews在亲身体验了地震和其带来的邻人心碎的后果以后非常同意坂茂的观点。“在这个时刻，基督城需要的是去歌颂一些事情，”她说，“已经承受了太多的损失，太多的悲伤，我们需要向许多事情说再见。能让大教堂快速有效地建立起来，让人们可以在这里祈愿一定是很美妙的事情。”