波谱解析习题集答案

波谱解析习题答案1. 请将化合物与相应的IR谱图一一对应，并鉴别其特征峰1.1. A. 二苯乙烯B. 1，3-环己二烯C. 2-戊烯D. 辛烯1.2. E. 乙酸乙酯F. 十二烷酸G. 丙酸钠H. 丁酰胺I. 异丁胺1.3. J. 间甲苯甲酸K. 邻甲酚L. 丙烯基苯基醚M. 苯甲醛1.4. N. 苄胺O. 偶氮苯P. 苯甲酮肟Q. 苯胺R. 二甲胺盐酸盐2. 由1H-NMR 解析结构，归属信号，标明化学位移、裂分方式、偶合常数等。

2.1.2.2.2.3.2.4.2.5.2.6.2.7.2.8.2.9.2.10.3. IR answer：The band at 1716 indicates a carbonyl, probably a ketone. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches.4. IR answer：The band at 1718 indicates a carbonyl, probably a ketone. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches.5. IR answer:The broad band at 3339 indicates O-H stretch, probably an alcohol. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band at 1041 is C-O stretch, consistent with an alcohol.6. IR answer: The broad band at 3350 indicates O-H stretch, probably an alcohol. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands from 1320-1000 indicate C-O stretch, consistent with an alcohol.7. IR answer: The band at 1743 indicates a carbonyl, probably a saturated aliphatic ester. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1320-1000 could be due to C-O stretch, consistent with an ester.8. IR answer: The band at 1740 indicates a carbonyl, probably a saturated aliphatic ester. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1320-1000 could be due to C-O stretch, consistent with an ester.9. IR answer: The band at 1728 indicates a carbonyl, probably an aldehyde; an aldehyde is also suggested by the band at 2719 which is likely the C-H stretch of the H-C=O group. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches.10. IR answer: The band at 1703 indicates a carbonyl; that the carbonyl is an aldehyde is suggested by the bands at 2828 and 2733 (C-H stretch of the H-C=O group). The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band (unmarked on the graph below) just to the left of3000 indicates aromatic C-H stretch. Aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane).11. IR answer: The band at 1697 indicates an alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl; that the carbonyl is an aldehyde is suggested by the bands at 2828 and 2739 (C-H stretch of the H-C=O group). The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band (unmarked on the graph below) just to the left of 3000 indicates aromatic C-H stretch. Aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane).12. IR answer: The band at 1716 indicates a carbonyl. The wide band from 3300-2500 ischaracteristic of the O-H stretch of carboxylic acids. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1320-1000 indicate the C-O stretch of carboxylic acids.13. IR answer: The band at 1684 indicates a carbonyl. The wide band from 3300-2500 is characteristic of the O-H stretch of carboxylic acids. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1320-1000 indicate the C-O stretch of carboxylic acids. The band (unmarked on the graph below) just to the left of 3000 indicates aromatic C-H stretch. Aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane).14. IR answer: The band at 1684 indicates a carbonyl. The wide band from 3300-2500 is characteristic of the O-H stretch of carboxylic acids. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1320-1000 indicate the C-O stretch of carboxylic acids. The band just to the left of3000 (3065) indicates aromatic C-H stretch. Aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane).15. IR answer: The two bands at 3433 and 3354 indicate a secondary amine. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band at 3034 indicates aromatic C-H stretch; aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane). C-N stretch of aromatic amines would show up at 1335-1250 (there is a band in that region).16. IR answer: The two bands at 3388 and 3292 indicate a secondary amine. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches.17. IR answer: The band at 1718 indicates a carbonyl, probably a ketone. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. Since the compound is an alkene, one would expect to see C=C stretch at 1680-1640; these weak bands are not seen in this IR (according to Silverstein, "the C=C stretching mode of unconjugated alkenes usually shows moderate to weka absorption at 1667-1640"). Since the compound is an alkene, C-H stretch should appear above 3000 (not seen: the absorption for this single hydrogen must be too weak).18. IR answer: The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1300-1150 could indicate C-H wag (-CH2Br) of an alkyl halide.19. IR answer: The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches; the small (unmarked) band just to the left of3000 indicates aromatic C-H stretch. Aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane). The wide band inthe region 3500-3200 indicates the O-H stretch of an alcohol or phenol.20. IR answer: The band at 1682 indicates a carbonyl, probably an ester. The band at 3192 indicates C-H aromatic stretch; aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane). The wide band just to the left of the 3192 band indicates O-H stretch (alcohols and phenols).21. IR answer: The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. There really aren't many other bands in the spectrum to indicate functional groups. The compound is an alkyne; we would expect to see a carbon-carbon triple bond stretch at 2260-2100, however, this is a weak band at best and often does not show up on IR.22. IR answer: The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band at 3028 indicates C-H aromatic stretch; aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane). The bands in the region 1250-1020 could be due to C-N stretch. The weak, broad banc at about 3500 could be amine N-H stretch or it could be a slight contamination of an impurity (water) in the sample.23. IR answer: The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band at 3060 indicates C-H aromatic stretch; aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane).24. 4-庚酮25. 3-庚醇26.4-溴甲苯27. 2-溴戊烷28. 2-己酮29. 丙酸30.丁胺31. 炔丙醇32. 1-硝基丙烷33. 2-苯氧基乙醇34. 苯乙醚35.丁酸甲酯36. 己内酰胺37. 2-甲基吡嗪38. 水杨酸甲酯39. 4-硝基氯苯40. 7-溴庚酸41. 5-己炔醇42. 6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮43. 己酸44. 2,6-二氯苯酚45.2,6-二甲基苯酚46. 2-环己烯酮47.48.50.51.53.54.56.57.59.60.62.63.65.66.68.69.71.72.73. 暂无答案74. 暂无答案75. The elemental composition of the M+. is thus C5H4NBr.76. Answer: nitrobenzene; C6H5NO2.77.Answer: chloroform; CHCl378. Answer: 1,4-diethylbenzene79.Answer: tetrahydropyran80. Answer: n-nonane; C9H2081. Answer: biphenyl; C10H1282. Answer: 3-buten-2-one; methyl vinyl ketone83.Answer: 4-methoxypyridine84. Answer: dimethylsulfone; CH3SO2CH385.Answer: 2,6-dichlorophenol; C6H4OCl286. Answer:87. Answer:89. Answer: (a) n-butanol, (b) methylpropylether, (c) methylisopropylether, (d) isobutyl alcohol, (e)s-butanol, (f) diethylether, and (g) t-butyl alcohol90. Answer:91. Answer: 3-pyridinecarboxamide (nicotinamide)93. Answer: methyl p-hydroxybenzoate94. Answer:95. Answer:96.Answer: (a) 4-hydroxycyclohexene and (b) 3-hydroxycyclohexene97.98.99.100.。