二维云台的结构设计和运动仿真

武汉纺织大学

毕业设计（论文）任务书

课题名称：二维云台结构设计与运动仿真

完成期限：2011年月日至2011年月日院系名称高等职业技术学院指导教师刘祥燕专业班级机电一体化091班指导教师职称讲师学生姓名胡廷舰学号：0911282049 院系毕业设计（论文）工作领导小组组长签字

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摘要

安全监控是随着人们生活生产需求应运而生的一项安全技术，安防系统由前端、传输、信息处理/控制/显示/通信三大单元组成。云台系统作为前端转动控制部件，在整个系统中起到非常重要的作用。

云台分为固定云台和电动云台，固定云台适用于监视范围不大的情况，在固定云台上安装好摄像机后可调整摄像机的水平和俯仰的角度，达到最好的工作姿态后只要锁定调整机构就可以了。电动云台适用于对大范围进行扫描监视，它可以扩大摄像机的监视范围。目前这两类云台广泛应用于各种场所，固定云台适用于小范围的监视；电动云台适用于对大范围进行扫描监视，它可以扩大摄像机的监视范围。电动云台是由两台执行电动机来实现，电动机接受来自控制器的信号精确地运行定位。在控制信号的作用下，云台上的摄像机既可自动扫描监视区域，也可在监控中心值班人员的操纵下跟踪监视对象。步进电机作为云台的转动器件，它的工作可靠性直接影响了云台的质量。

此次我们设计的是一个基于AT89S52单片机的云台控制装置。本装置能自动或手动的进行上下移动和水平转动。当角度或高度超过预先设定的限位时，云台停止转动并进行声光报警，并且能自动的对某一范围内的光源进行跟踪，实现准确的定位，当超过预设范围时，自动报警。其中通过键盘按键实现云台自动和手动控制的切换，用LM297和LM298集成芯片驱动步进电机，采用L7805CV 和L7812CV芯片作为三端集成线性稳压电源，用LCD液晶显示屏精确的显示云台当前的位置。

关键词：云台控制; AT89S52单片机; LCD液晶屏; 步进电机; 定位

ABSTRACT

Summary security monitoring is as people live production needs have emerged as a security technology, security system consists of a front-end information processing/display/control/communications, transmission, composed of three units. Pan/Tilt systems as a front end turning control part, played an important role throughout the system.

PTZ is divided into fixed dome and electric cloud, fixed dome apply for monitoring small, fixed cloud platform installed cameras after a good level and pitch angle of the camera can be adjusted, to achieve the best attitude adjustment as long as the lock after agencies working on it. Electric head scan monitor applies to a wide range, it can expand the camera's monitor range. Currently these two types of cloud platform widely used in various places, fixed dome apply to small-scale monitoring; electrical head scan monitor applies to a wide range, it can expand the camera's monitor range. Electric head is implemented by the two force motor, motor accepts signals from the controller to run precise positioning. Under the action of control signals, cloud on the camera can automatically scan monitoring area, also available at the control centre duty officer manipulated by tracking and monitoring of objects. As head of stepping motor rotation device, reliability of its work directly affects the quality of pan/tilt.

This we will design a PTZ control device based on AT89S52 microcontroller. The appliance can automatically or manually moved up and down and horizontal rotation. When the angle or height exceeds a predetermined limit position, head stop and sound and light alarm, and automatically track on a range of light sources, for accurate positioning when you exceed a preset range, auto alarm. Through the keyboard pressed key realization of automatic and manual control for pan/tilt switch, LM297 and LM298 integrated chip driving stepping motor, use L7805CV and L7812CV chips as a three-Terminal integrated linear regulated power supply, LCD liquid crystal display precise PTZ current location is displayed.

Key words: pan/tilt control; AT89S52 microcontroller and LCD flat panel screens; stepper motor; positioning

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