高中英语动词不定式课件.ppt
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一般式： to do （表将来） 一般被动式：to be done 进行式： to be doing（表正在进行） 完成式： to have done（表已经完成） 完成被动式： to have been done
否定式: not to do
动词不定式的时态
㈠. 一般式( to do ).
不定式的一般式所 表示的动作（状态） 同时（或几乎同时） 发生，或之后发生。
She came here to study English. 状语
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.
宾补
1. 作主语
1)常用动名词 Learning English is very important.
2)用it作形式主语用不定式
C. to come, to leave D. to come, leaving • 解析：由only, last, next, 序数词或形容词最
高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语。再如：
• She is always the first student to arrive at school.
二、动词不定式的形式
I have two books to read. Have you got anything to say? He’s looking for a room to live in. I don’t have a pen to write with. I have clothes to wash, and do you have clothes to be washed? The question to be discussed is very important.
1.Frank is the kind of person who people like to ________.
• make friend with B. make friends of
C. make friends D. make friends with
2.The assistant works very hard. She is always the first _____ and the last _____. A. come, leave B. coming, leaving
A. cry；to cry B. crying；crying B. cry；cry D. to cry；cry
注意
B. 动词不定式的否wenku.baidu.com式只须在to
前加 not.
My father decided not to take up the job. The teacher told us not to be late again.
（2005.重庆卷）Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together,_____ fun. A. had B. have C. to have D. having
6. 作定语
to do将来的主动动作，to be done表将来的被动动 作（句中有逻辑主语时用to do，若是不及物动词， 要加介词）
—Sure,______ it completed in time ,we’ll work two more hours a day. A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get
（2005.广东卷）—He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left. A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found
1. I opened the door to enter the room.
2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
动词不定式的时态
㈡.进行式( to be doing)
如果谓语表示的动作 （情况）发生时，不 定式所表示的动作正
注意
C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to
前加疑问词。
Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer. Can you tell me where to get the book?
注意
D. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，
动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词， 只保留to 。
water into steam． He went home, only to find the door open and
everything was gone. He left, never to come back.
（2005.福建卷）—Can the project be finished as planned?
事
need/want/require
sth need/ want/ require doing= sth need/ want/ require to be done
某事需要被做
3. 宾语补足语： 1）ask 类（v+sb to do sth）
want / wish / order/ like /would like / help force /allow / permit /forbid / advise/ consider…
I often hear them sing the song in the next room .
We watched them play football .
3）使役动词类（V + sb. + do sth.） make/ let / have… The teacher made me answer the question.
不定式作目的状语：不定式用作目的状语时，其句 意特点很明显，通常在译成中文时可用“为了”来 表示。
To save class time, our teacher has us students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework.
(It + be + adj. / n. + to do sth)
It is important to learn English.
3)例外： It is no good /no use /no help + doing sth. It is no use arguing about it.
2. 作宾语
不定式与它修饰的名词是逻辑上的动宾关 系，且主语是不定式中的动词所表示动 作的逻辑主语或在句中能找到其逻辑主 语。
He has a lot of work to do today．
Do you have anything more to say
区别：Are you going to the ball to be held on New Year’s Eve？
Doctors worked through the night to save the life of the injured man.
不定式作结果状语
only to, enough to ,too …to, never to That tool is too heavy to lift directly The temperature is high enough to change
一、用法
To do that sort of thing is foolish。 主语
I want to see you this evening. 宾语
All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语
We found a house to live in. 定语
He advised going on a trip to Guangzhou. He advised us to go on a trip to Guangzhou.
3)V+to do/doing 区别不大。 begin /start /like/love/hate/dislike…
4)v+to do/doing 区别很大 forget /remember/stop /go on regret/ try/mean/can’t help need/want/require
4. 作表语
doing 表习惯性动作； to do表将来一次性性动作 My wish is to become a scientist. My job is teaching you English.
5. 作状语 不定式：作目的、结果（only之后）和原因（v./adj.
之后） 分词：作时间、条件、伴随、结果和原因（句首）
2)v+只跟doing finish/complete / enjoy/ mind/ practise/ consider/ suggest/advise/ miss/ avoid/ admit/ deny/ permit/ allow/forbid/imagine/understand/include/risk/delay … keep(on)/ give up/ insist on /succeed in/ feel like / put off/ be worth/ be used to / look forward to … I enjoy playing basketball. She practises playing the piano for an hour every day. 但是advise/ consider/allow/ permit/forbid/ admit sb to do sth
1) v+只跟to do
learn /agree/ask/offer/happen/pretend/ promise/plan/intend/hope/wish/ decide/ refuse/ fail/ manage …
She hopes to find a better job. I wish to go with you.
try to do 努力做某事
mean to do 打算做
try doing 试着做某事
mean doing 意味着
regret to do 对要做的某事表示遗憾 can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做某
事
regret doing 对已做的某事表示后
悔
can’t help doing 情不自禁做某
She asked me to help her.
The teacher told him to come on time.
2）感官动词类（V + sb. + do sth.）
see/ hear/ notice/ find/ watch/ look at/ hear/ listen to/ feel/ smell…
A:Would you like to come to my party? B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party). Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。 Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).
但这些动词用于被动结构时，省去的to要加上。
They were heard to sing a pop song. He was made to answer the question.
1.He was made _________.
A. go B. gone C. going D. to go
2.Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____by his little sister.
否定式: not to do
动词不定式的时态
㈠. 一般式( to do ).
不定式的一般式所 表示的动作（状态） 同时（或几乎同时） 发生，或之后发生。
She came here to study English. 状语
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.
宾补
1. 作主语
1)常用动名词 Learning English is very important.
2)用it作形式主语用不定式
C. to come, to leave D. to come, leaving • 解析：由only, last, next, 序数词或形容词最
高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语。再如：
• She is always the first student to arrive at school.
二、动词不定式的形式
I have two books to read. Have you got anything to say? He’s looking for a room to live in. I don’t have a pen to write with. I have clothes to wash, and do you have clothes to be washed? The question to be discussed is very important.
1.Frank is the kind of person who people like to ________.
• make friend with B. make friends of
C. make friends D. make friends with
2.The assistant works very hard. She is always the first _____ and the last _____. A. come, leave B. coming, leaving
A. cry；to cry B. crying；crying B. cry；cry D. to cry；cry
注意
B. 动词不定式的否wenku.baidu.com式只须在to
前加 not.
My father decided not to take up the job. The teacher told us not to be late again.
（2005.重庆卷）Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together,_____ fun. A. had B. have C. to have D. having
6. 作定语
to do将来的主动动作，to be done表将来的被动动 作（句中有逻辑主语时用to do，若是不及物动词， 要加介词）
—Sure,______ it completed in time ,we’ll work two more hours a day. A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get
（2005.广东卷）—He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left. A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found
1. I opened the door to enter the room.
2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
动词不定式的时态
㈡.进行式( to be doing)
如果谓语表示的动作 （情况）发生时，不 定式所表示的动作正
注意
C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to
前加疑问词。
Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer. Can you tell me where to get the book?
注意
D. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，
动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词， 只保留to 。
water into steam． He went home, only to find the door open and
everything was gone. He left, never to come back.
（2005.福建卷）—Can the project be finished as planned?
事
need/want/require
sth need/ want/ require doing= sth need/ want/ require to be done
某事需要被做
3. 宾语补足语： 1）ask 类（v+sb to do sth）
want / wish / order/ like /would like / help force /allow / permit /forbid / advise/ consider…
I often hear them sing the song in the next room .
We watched them play football .
3）使役动词类（V + sb. + do sth.） make/ let / have… The teacher made me answer the question.
不定式作目的状语：不定式用作目的状语时，其句 意特点很明显，通常在译成中文时可用“为了”来 表示。
To save class time, our teacher has us students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework.
(It + be + adj. / n. + to do sth)
It is important to learn English.
3)例外： It is no good /no use /no help + doing sth. It is no use arguing about it.
2. 作宾语
不定式与它修饰的名词是逻辑上的动宾关 系，且主语是不定式中的动词所表示动 作的逻辑主语或在句中能找到其逻辑主 语。
He has a lot of work to do today．
Do you have anything more to say
区别：Are you going to the ball to be held on New Year’s Eve？
Doctors worked through the night to save the life of the injured man.
不定式作结果状语
only to, enough to ,too …to, never to That tool is too heavy to lift directly The temperature is high enough to change
一、用法
To do that sort of thing is foolish。 主语
I want to see you this evening. 宾语
All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语
We found a house to live in. 定语
He advised going on a trip to Guangzhou. He advised us to go on a trip to Guangzhou.
3)V+to do/doing 区别不大。 begin /start /like/love/hate/dislike…
4)v+to do/doing 区别很大 forget /remember/stop /go on regret/ try/mean/can’t help need/want/require
4. 作表语
doing 表习惯性动作； to do表将来一次性性动作 My wish is to become a scientist. My job is teaching you English.
5. 作状语 不定式：作目的、结果（only之后）和原因（v./adj.
之后） 分词：作时间、条件、伴随、结果和原因（句首）
2)v+只跟doing finish/complete / enjoy/ mind/ practise/ consider/ suggest/advise/ miss/ avoid/ admit/ deny/ permit/ allow/forbid/imagine/understand/include/risk/delay … keep(on)/ give up/ insist on /succeed in/ feel like / put off/ be worth/ be used to / look forward to … I enjoy playing basketball. She practises playing the piano for an hour every day. 但是advise/ consider/allow/ permit/forbid/ admit sb to do sth
1) v+只跟to do
learn /agree/ask/offer/happen/pretend/ promise/plan/intend/hope/wish/ decide/ refuse/ fail/ manage …
She hopes to find a better job. I wish to go with you.
try to do 努力做某事
mean to do 打算做
try doing 试着做某事
mean doing 意味着
regret to do 对要做的某事表示遗憾 can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做某
事
regret doing 对已做的某事表示后
悔
can’t help doing 情不自禁做某
She asked me to help her.
The teacher told him to come on time.
2）感官动词类（V + sb. + do sth.）
see/ hear/ notice/ find/ watch/ look at/ hear/ listen to/ feel/ smell…
A:Would you like to come to my party? B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party). Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。 Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).
但这些动词用于被动结构时，省去的to要加上。
They were heard to sing a pop song. He was made to answer the question.
1.He was made _________.
A. go B. gone C. going D. to go
2.Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____by his little sister.