初三英语总复习知识要点

初三年英语总复习知识要点九年级（下）Unit 5-6

Unit 5 Learning About China

一、重点词组

1.in detail详细的

2.4000 meters above sea level海拔4000米

3.It’s said that…据说…

4.tourists from home and abroad国内外的游

客

5.lose oneself in…沉浸于…

6.What’s more此外

7.have a chance to do sth有机会做某事

8. a fantastic place美仑美奂的地方

9.tourist attraction旅游胜地

10.regard A as B把A看做B

11.as we know, as you know众所周之

12.protect…from…抵御，阻挡，保护…不受

侵害

13.be made of…由…制成（能看得出原材料），be made from…由…制成（不能看得出原材料），

14.be proud of…以…而自豪

15.below zero零度以下

16.be covered with…被…所覆盖

17.do outdoor activities做户外活动

18.be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事

19.in the field of education在教育领域

20.in the year 551B.C在公元前551年

21.wise ideas and thoughts真知灼见

22.the importance of learning and thinking学习

和思考的重要性

23.receive/get/have a good education接受良好

的教育

24.at the age of 55在55岁的时候

25.in one’s twenties / thirties / forties / fifties/

sixties/ seventies/ eighties/ ninties

在某人20/30/40/50/60/70/80/90多岁的时候

26.pass away去世

27.search for搜寻

28.the rest of life余生

29.It’s hard to believe.难以置信

30.die of…死于…

31.in total总共

32.take an active part in…积极参加…

33.overseas Chinese海外华人

34.Chinese students abroad中国留学生

35.set up创立

36.bring down推翻

37.break down from…由于…而（健康）变得

恶劣

38.show sb around + 地点：带领某人参观

39.a/the symbol of …: …的象征

40.play an important part/role in…在…中起重

要作用，扮演重要角色

41.encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事

42.promise to do sth:答应、许诺做某事

43.in order to do sth:为了做某事

44.fight against…反抗…

45.in memory of…为了纪念…

二、重点句型

1.China is a great country that /which has about 5000 years of history.

2.It’s Mount Tai that / which lies in Shandong Province.

3.Tha t’s the most fantastic place (that) I have ever heard of.

4.He was a great thinker who had many wise ideas and thoughts about human nature and behavior.

5.He was a Ming dynasty explorer (whom/who) the Chinese people are proud of.

6.He was also a famous philosopher whose wise sayings have influenced many people in different

countries.

7.We can go to either Beihai Park or Shichahai Park.

8.Both my father and I like it a lot.

9.Neither my mother nor my father likes it, but I like it very much.

10.It’s/It has been + 时间+since+一般过去时态的时间状语从句，“自从…已经有…时间了”

e.g. It’s 2 years since Mr. and Mrs. Green came to China.

三、语法精讲知识分析

定语从句

1．定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的句子（从句），作定语用。

定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句作定语放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词when, where, why。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。

e.g. I can’t find the book (that) I bought yesterday.（作宾语）我找不到我昨天买的书。

The girl who is standing on the stage is my sister.（作主语）站在台上的那位女孩是我妹妹。

Madam Curie was a great scientist whose name is known all over the world.（作定语）

居里夫人是一位全世界闻名的伟大的科学家。

2．关系代词的用法

指物的关系代词

（1）that 指物，有时也指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。

（2）which指物，不指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。

注意：当that, which在定语从句中作主语时不能省略；而作宾语时则可以省略。

e.g. West Lake that/which lies in Hangzhou is one of the most famous lakes in China.

位于杭州的西湖是中国最有名的湖泊之一。（作主语，指物，不可省略）

The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.

我放在桌上的那件大衣是黑色的。（作宾语，可省略）

指人的关系代词

1．who指人，that也可指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语不能省略，作宾语可省略。

e.g. The teacher who / that spoke at the meeting just now is having a rest in his office.

刚才在会上讲话的老师正在他办公室休息。（作主语，不可省略）

2．whom指人，为who的宾格形式，在句中只作宾语。其前没有介词时，也可用who/that替换使用，也可省略。

e.g. The girl (who / whom / that) I like isn’t here now.