人教版新课标选修7第四单元精讲讲义(附练习答案)(最新整理)

选修7 第4 单元

Ⅰ. 要点导读

1.Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to the kids, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8. (P29) relevant adj.“紧密相关的”eg: Do you have any relevant experience?

与to 连用，意为“和……有关”eg: The film was relevant to what was being discussed in class.

反义词为irrelevant，意为“(与某事物)不相关的；不切题的”eg: What you said is irrelevant to the subject.

relevance n.“相关；切题”eg: What you wrote has no relevance to the topic.

2.The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. (P30)

adjust vi.“适应”，常和to 连用eg: Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness.

vt.“调整；使适应”eg: You can’t see through a telescope unless it is adjusted correctly to your sight.

3.It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. (P30)

privilege (1) n.“特别优待；优惠待遇”，通常用作单数；此外，还有“特权”的意思。

eg: It’s a privilege for the old to take the city buses for free.

In some countries school education is still a privilege for the children from rich families.

(2)v.“给予特权；特别优待”eg: These are policies that privilege the club members.

privileged adj.“有特权的；荣幸的”eg: The right to vote still belongs to the privileged people in that country.

4.Sleeping arrangements (P31)

arrangement n.[C]“安排；筹备”；make arrangements for“为……做好准备”

eg: They are busy making arrangements for the party.

come to an arrangement“达成一致”

arrange v.“安排；筹备；整理”，它后面既可跟名词、代词、动词不定式或从句，也可和for 搭配，构成短语arrange for sth“安排某物”eg: Our manager has arranged for a car to meet the clients.

They were too busy to arrange their own wedding ceremony.

The police are arranging how to make the president get to the airport safely.

5.When you purchase an item, we will send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person. (P33)

purchase (1) vt.“购买”eg: The books can be purchased from the local bookstore.

(2)n.“购买”[U]指“购买”这个动作时eg: I hope you will be satisfied with your purchase here.

[C]“买某样东西”eg: Mother made several purchases in that shop.

6.Adults develop the confidence to participate in the social, economic and political lives of their communities. (P34)

participate vi.“参与；参加”，常跟in 连用eg: I didn’t want to participate in the boring discussion.

辨析：participate, join 与take part in 的区别：

participate 指在感情、观念或行为方面与他人共同参加某一活动。

join 既可指参加一群人的活动，也可指加入某个组织，成为其中的一员，常见的搭配为：join the army / club / Party，表示参加某一活动时常用join in sth。

take part in 指参加某一活动并发挥作用。

7.Imagine you and your classmates want to donate some of your pocket money to help those in need in another country. (P34) donate v.“捐赠；捐献”；donate sth t o …“向……捐献某物”

eg: The passers-by were asked to donate some money to the people in the flooded area.

donation n.“捐赠；捐赠品”eg: She made a donation of 10,000 dollars to charity.

8.The boy had never come across anything like this and started jumping out of the windows. (P29)

come across“碰见；遇见”eg: I came across him in the street.

I came across a child sleeping under the bridge.

come around / round“前来；苏醒过来”eg: Luckily, the boy cane around quickly after the accident.

come between“在……中间来；干预(某两人之间的事)”

eg: It is often dangerous and never wise to come between a man and his wife.