从中英文广告看东西方文化差异
从中英文广告看东西方文化差异
2007-12-28 来源：《考试周刊》 2007年第39期作者：朱春梅
摘要：广告与文化息息相关，它不仅能反映出不同国家人民的思想、价值、道德观念和文化水平，而且还能体现出不同的文化差异。比如：汉语广告体现中国人更注重权威、重亲情、重视发扬集体主义，主张内敛，具有团体意识导向、持长期导向文化价值观，性观念隐蔽含蓄；而英语广告则体现出西方人更相信自己的判断，并且漠视权威，亲情观念淡漠，更注重人本主义，张扬个性，崇尚自我，持短期导向文化价值观，性观念开放自由。
关键词：中英文广告东西方文化差异
广告是一门艺术，广告作品要有艺术感染力，不仅要吸引观众，还要触动其情感，使其对企业及商品产生好感，进而引导购买行为。广告本身也蕴含着丰富的文化内涵，广告向人们所传递的有关商品、服务、企业等经济、科技、文化诸多方面的信息，本来就是人类所创造的物质文化和精神文化的反映。而广告主体采取“文化攻心”策略，利用文化的力量号召受众，在广告中注入文化内容，又为广告增加了文化含量。所以我们可以看到，现代商业广告不仅介绍各种商品和各类服务项目，说明广告商品的特点、功能、作用，向消费者做出利益的承诺，而且传播各种文化意识，展示纷纭的文化景观，介绍发达国家的时尚，说明广告商品与文化的关系。这些内容为广告商品增加了文化附加值，增添了文化吸引力，商业广告因此成为一种社会文化现象，呈现出商业功利和社会文化双重色彩，具有了经济和文化两方面的功能，不再是简单的卖什么就吆喝什么的促销工具。它从一个侧面揭示了一个民族的心理特征、信仰和价值观念。因此，从中英广告中可以看到东西方的文化差异。
一、汉语广告体现中国人更注重权威，而英语广告体现出西方人更相信自己的判断，并且漠视权威
中国传统文化崇尚“自上而下的绝对权力”。在古代，人们要遵循“三纲五常”；在现代社会，中国人已经不再去固守那些礼教，但是对长辈的尊敬，对上级权威的服从还是存在于大部分中国老百姓的思想中。所以中国有一种形式的广告就是运用了权威效应或直接运用上级权威。广告中采用诸如此类的语言：“协会推荐品牌”、“国家保护品牌”、“上榜品牌”等等。这些广告诉诸国家或是协会这些权威来诱惑消费者，使得消费者认为这些权威机构推荐或是保护的产品在质量和信誉上都是肯定可靠的。中国人比较相信政府，信任和服从权威，广告人也正是利用了消费者这种心理。如高露洁的广告：高露洁选用高档优质的洁齿材料，完全符合国家标准，更优于国际标准，不磨损牙齿，保持牙齿表面洁净光滑。高露洁牙膏在世界上受到超过40个牙医学会承认，更多中国口腔护理专家选用品牌，中国口腔医学会(CSA)，中华预防牙医会(CPMA)推荐品牌。
但是在西方，对权力的认同和接受程度与我们存在较大的差异，他们更相信自己的判断，不轻易接受别人的想法，特别是官方的看法，更不会认为政府就是权威，当然在英语广告中有的也使用权威，但是他们并不是看重上级权威，而是看重事实的权威。他们更多是在广告中提供一些产品的可靠数据，以使得消费者对产品质量深信无疑。比如下面这则汽车' target=_blank>大众汽车的广告：The road to becoming a V olkswagen is a rough one. The obstacles are many. Some make it. some crack. Those who make it are scrutinized by 8. 397
inspectors (807 of them are finicky women). They are subjected to 16000 different inspections. They are driven the equivalent of 3 miles on a special test stand. Torsion bars are twisted 100. 000 times to make sure the torsion properly. Keys are turned on 25.000 times to make sure they do not break off in the key locks. And so it goes on. 200 V olkswagens are rejected every day. Its’ a tough league.
发达国家的总统和总理在电视或其他媒体上为本国作形象广告或为某种品牌作代言的现象并非罕见。如20世纪初的第一位美国总统Theodore Roosevelt就曾为麦斯威尔(Maxwell)咖啡代言，盛赞其香味怡人，口感独特。而派克笔业(Parker)也曾请32届美国总统Franklin D. Roosevelt作代言，并附有一句影响力广泛的广告词“President Writes with Parker!”(总统对派克笔青睐有加!)。较早前有一则取笑美国第41届总统乔治·布什的广告:
——Where is Bush?
——He is chasing Quayle?
Quayle是布什的竞选伙伴。但是quayle在这儿与quail (生在灌木丛中的鹌鹑)同音，意在讽刺布什在执政期间不做正事，整日打猎射鸟。这样的现象从未出现在中国的广告中。按照中国人的传统观念，我们根本无法将我们的元首和商业活动联系起来。在我们看来，这是不成体统的，根本无法接受。法律规定，禁止用国家领导人的名字、形象、发言等来做商业广告和宣传。
二、汉语广告文化重视发扬集体主义，主张内敛，具有团体意识导向，而英语广告更注重人本主义，张扬个性，崇尚自我
中西方文化一个重大的不同，就是儒家文化背景和基督教文化背景的差异。在集体主义倾向的文化里，人们追求的是集体的和睦、荣誉、目标和成就。他们相互依赖，相互合作。如：
非常可乐，中国人自己的可乐。（娃哈哈集团）
敬业报国，追求卓越。（海尔集团）
立民族志气，创国际名牌。（小天鹅集团）
海尔，中国造。(海尔集团)
坐红旗车，走中国路。(红旗轿车)
中国人的生活，中国人的美菱。(美菱冰箱)
四十年风尘岁月，中华永在我心中。(中华牙膏)
这些广告全部表达了一种以集体——中华(中国)为荣誉的感情。广告商运用心理学原理，定位好产品的消费群——本国人民，巧妙利用国人潜在的心理观念—中华情节，大做文章，用“中华”、“中国”、“炎黄子孙”等词语来宣传产品，力图唤起本国消费者心中的中华情怀，以催生并加强广告的劝服力，最终达到其推销目的。此外，中国人具有强烈的从众心理。所以在中国广告中就有“大家好才是真的好”（好迪洗发水）；脑白金——送爷爷、送奶奶、送外公、送外婆、送叔叔、送阿姨、送哥哥、送姐姐、送弟弟、送妹妹；在电视广告中我们还经常听到“波导，2000，2001，2002连续三年全国销量第一。波导，手机中的战斗机”，但是这种广告未必会赢得欧美国家人们的喜欢，因为我们都知道西方人在选择产品时更多的是根据自己的个性来考虑，往往不会随大流。相比之下，西方人追求个人主义，反对一致性，极力显示自己的个性与众不同，更多的是展现个人主义取向，比如：“JUST DO IT(想做就做)。”看耐克这句与鞋子并无直接联系的广告语，我们似乎就已经感受到了西方世界迎面刮来的强风。正是这股时尚、反叛、进取和充分展示个性的劲风创造了耐克神话。可以说，耐克广告把西方个人英雄主义发挥到了极致。又如下面一则关于轮胎的广告：Even
its footprint te lls you it’s different.这种与众不同的广告语读起来的确给你耳目一新的感觉。
三、亲情与实用
中华民族本身就是一个很感性的民族，中国人更是将亲情和人与人之间的感情交流放在生活的第一位，以此获得一种平衡和谐的生活状态。所以中国的广告商在作广告时更是注重体现这种感情，用以拉近和消费者之间的距离，获得情感上的认同，从而达到促销的目的。如：脑轻松广告“妈妈无所求，但愿儿成才”，体现了父母对儿女的深切关爱；“爷爷，等我长大了，一定给你买露露喝”，“自从我送给妈妈哈磁五行针后，妈妈的病好多了”体现了儿女们的拳拳回报。再看一个典型的例子：(电视镜头)秀丽的山村，头发已渐花白的母亲，在水边洗衣。母亲费力地直起身来捶捶腰，她已经很累了。一辆汽车从远方开来，传来了女儿的声音：“妈妈，我又梦见了村边的小溪，梦见了奶奶，梦见了你。(汽车进村了)我给你捎去一样好东西。”一台威力洗衣机送到了门前，母亲欢欣的笑容，村人羡慕地围观。广告的结语是“威力洗衣机，献给母亲的爱”。这则广告看似平淡无奇，实则清新隽永，蕴含着浓浓的亲情和悠悠的意境。另外，渴盼团圆，有一个温馨美满的家也是每一个中华儿女共同的情感。高炉家酒“情满中秋，家好月圆篇”和“徽文化篇”广告给人的印象极其深刻。高炉家酒的市场定位主要是借以象征家的亲情，其广告画面选取远山和明月做背景，以黄色的月亮象征安逸、祥和的氛围，选用了“情满中秋，家好月圆”这一广告语，巧妙地把产品的特征——家与团圆的关系融合进去。
相对于中国人的感性而言，西方人的家庭观念淡薄，讲究功利和实用。他们购买产品时多看中其实用功能，并不为广告中的情感成分所打动。在个人、家庭、团体三者中，个人和团体占有比家庭重要得多的地位。在处理个人和家庭的关系时，个人的利益和愿望占主导地位，家庭是次要的。西方人在家庭社会上的关系呈现出平等态势。父母与子女之间、夫妻之间、领导与下属之间、同事之间是平等的关系，没有权威之说、没有孝顺之说。因此，深谙此道的广告商当然会在描述产品的功能方面大做文章了。
四、中国是一个持长期导向文化价值观的国度，美国则是属于短期导向的文化
中国是一个持长期导向文化价值观的国度，传统的思想规则、方法等延续至今，销售上较多采用劝诱方式(soft sale)。许多酒类广告显示了这一观念。为说明其产品品质，酒类广告一般都借助“传统方法酿制”之类的词语，还要引用唐诗宋词、历史典故，来说明此酒历史如何源远流长等等。试举两例：张裕葡萄酒：传奇品质，百年张裕；剑南春酒：唐时宫廷酒，盛世剑南春。仅仅两句话，就把张裕和剑南春产品悠久的历史表达出来，流露出它们对消费者的情深意长，拉近了产品与消费者的距离。美国则是属于短期导向的文化，主要原因是它的历史相对较短。美国人不像中国人那样常利用历史和传统等因素，而更常用强直的推销策略(hard sale)。他们的广告也都以产品的“立即见效”为卖点，如“go and get it at once”，“buy it”，“fit you well”，“take action right now”，“call now”等是广告中的常用语。
五、关于性的问题，西方比较开放自由，而中国比较隐蔽含蓄
中西方文化中对待“性”的观念在开发程度上是不一样的。西方性观念相对开放，其渊源也许可以追溯到14至16世纪的文艺复兴时期所形成的人文主义思想。人文主义者主张一切以“人”为本，提倡热爱生活，追求爱情、美和感官的快乐等，反对禁欲主义。所以法国弗
劳里香水广告可以措辞为“一滴是为了美，两滴是为了情人，三滴足以招致一次风流事”。西方人公开做安全套广告，这在中国是政府所不允许的，再有西方广告中的性画面比中国要多得多、暴露的程度比中国大得多，如：1981年9月1日，在法国公民的工作区周围，发现了3米多长的大海报，上面是一位穿着三点式游泳衣的漂亮女郎，她双手插着腰，向着来往的行人微笑，身旁写着: 9月2日，我把上边的脱去。第二天，上边的果然不见了，健美的胸脯裸露了出来。女郎身旁又有一行字: 9月4日，我把下边的脱去。9月4日，下边的果然没有了，映入眼帘的是一个转了身的女郎，她一丝不挂，苗条的身材在晨光中闪着健美的光芒。她身边有一行醒目的字：未来海报广告公司，说得到做得到。
中国正统文化中的性观念一直很保守。中国广告法规定广告不许含有淫秽、迷信、恐怖、暴力、丑恶的内容，禁止有挑逗或性诱惑的画面。比如，《广告审查标准》中明确规定“(广告)妇女模特不得裸露肩下，膝以上15公分的部位(泳装模特不在此限)”；中国台湾地区发布于1985年4月21日的，用来规范台湾地区广告的《电视广告制作规范》中有规定不得“裸露半身、全身或拥抱接吻”。而欧美国家相关的话语内容中就缺少这种量化的标准。
广告语言是广告的核心内容。社会文化影响并制约广告语言及其表达，广告语言则蕴含或反映社会文化。中西方文化的差异在广告语言中的体现远不止上面提到的这些。广告语言在向我们传递商品信息的同时，也向我们推销着传统的或外来的观念、价值等文化信息，对它的研究完全有必要。
参考文献：
[1]胡屹. 广告学全书[M].中国社会出版社，1999.
[2]韩德昌等. 广告理论与实务[M]. 天津大学出版社，1997.
[3]张东. 广告妙招妙语大全[M].广西民族出版社，1993.
[4]Borben. V.The Language of Advertising [M]. Oxford: Blackwell publishers. 1992.
[5]张礼霞. 从广告语言的角度看中西方文化的差异与交融[J]. 外语与外语教学，2000，（11）.
中西文化差异英文
Differences between Chinese and Western culture As we know the differences between the our estern cultures and western cultures are quite obvious.I would like to state some of my opinions in this paper. I.difference in the thinking style People on the earth are homologous,but different people in different place have different performance on the way of thinking. Differences between Chinese and Western way of thinking reflected in many aspects.Such as the difference between abstract and concrete, reflected in their attitudes towards life can be understood as Westernersare more practical, and the Chinese are much more biased towards some spiritual experience. Westerners pay attention to logical thinking, but Chinese pay more attention to dialectical thinking and so on. As Chinese and western way of thinking are different, there are differences in expression of the order. For example,we can see that the names of western style are not like ours,they put their given names at the first place,while we put them after our family names,that is to say,we regard our family more important than ourselves,and it's the traditional way of estern thinking.Westerners have another way of thinking,they think that each person is important in our world and society,and a person should play a important role among our human beings. II.differences in daily communication Westerners are frank,but chinese are humility.The reflection between westerners and chinese on the treatment of praise is different.In the West, people can accept it generously. As the Chinese have long term impact of Confucian education, we treat others’ praise and recognition not often take the attitude of ourselves, or there is suspected of arrogant. When meeting acquaintances, chinese and westerners greet each other are also different. Chinese people often say "Have you eat ?" "Where are you going?"except the general asked”hello”. In western culture, this is not a greeting, but substantive issues. When British and American people meet,they usually use a polite phrase like "How are you?" or "Nice to meet you!" In addtion,when westerners accept gift from others,they are willing to open it and praise it directly,but chinese do not do like that. III.differences in customs Chinese people regard ourselves as descendants of the Dragon.Chinese have a supreme respect for the dragon, we think dragon is a symbol of our nation. In the dynasty time,Chinese emperors generally self-styled "dragon".However,in the West, the dragon was regarded as the devil, and it was killed by the legendary god of protection, so they set a day as a festival to celebrate the lifting of a disaster, and thank the protection of God.For this reason, when the students describe a person's lively, they say "He / She is full of vim and vigor." not"He / She is as lively as a dragon and tiger". Everyone has their favorite color, so does a country and a nation. Chinese like the red colour ,because chinese think red is a symbol of luck and enthusiam. But westerners perfer to the blue colour,they think blue can make themselves calm. Thus,the preferences of different colors can reflect the whole of a country’s aesthetic taste. IV. differences in eating cultrue Chinese and Western diets are very different, so the differences also have an impact on the national character. In China, a banquet, no matter what purpose, there will be only one form, that is, everyone sit around one table. People toast each other,and eat the same food in one plate,,It reflects the mutual respect between people even the traditional courteous virtue. Although from the health point of view, this dietary approach has obvious shortcomings, it is consistent with our
如何对待中外文化差异英语作文.doc
如何对待中外文化差异英语作文 我们如何去看待，中外文化差异所带来的英语学习的思维转换?下面是给大家整理的怎样对待中外文化差异英语作文，供大家参阅! 如何对待中外文化差异英语作文篇1 The culture differences between the East and West. As we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects.I will focus on the differences of diet custom and teaching system.For your better understanding ,I will set examples of China and America. It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese.But people in America prefer to forks and knives.This different result is based on different food they are like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak,bread,and salad,while Chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes and rice.What is more,the custom of drinking tea in China and drinking coffee in America are stand out particularly.However,there is a trend that the food in both countries has been mixture.For example,the coffee and bread have introduced to China.The famous KFC is very popular at children. The gap of teaching system between China and America is big.Chinese students always complain about their homework.Too much homework has limited the time to exercise and relax.They have to recite many things as to get a high mark.Homework comes the first to them. In my opinion,the study in America is more interesting .Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realastic life not to emphasis on the importances of memories.In a addition,the rate of going to school ,the salary of teaching ,and the job of gruduates are quite different,too.I should say that Chima government should make great efforts to improve its teaching syetem.I am also expect to be one day ,the West give more cheers to our country.
最新如何对待中西文化差异英语作文
【篇一】如何对待中西文化差异英语作文 In many parts of the world , personal influence is essential in achieving success. This is not true in the United States, where success usually results from hard work , education, skill, and personal initiative , America is truly a "do-it-yourself" society ; success is not dependent on family origins or the help of an influential person . Personal progress is the result of individual effort. Because effort and initiative are so important in America , there are many customs that may be different from those practiced in other countries. For example , it is not considered dishonorable to quit a job, even if you have had it for only a short time . Moving from job-to -job , or "job-hopping ", as it is called , is quite acceptable in the United States. Frequently , the opportunity to change jobs offers workers a chance to move up to a better position. Americans like to move from place to place trying new jobs, meeting new people and living in different parts of the country. "Job-hopping" also gives employers a chance to benefit from the new ideas and skills that different people bring to their jobs even if such people are employed for only a short time. 【篇二】如何对待中西文化差异英语作文 The whole question of the changing role of Blacks in American society as been the subject of news***** articles around the world so frequently that visitors to the United States do not know what to expect when they arrive. They may be surprised when they see that Blacks and Whites work side by side in offices , factories , and schools across the country . The majority of Blacks in the United States, however, live in and around only a small number of American cities. Many dark-skinned visitors arrive in the United States fearing personal attack or expecting various degrees of racial prejudice. Some forms of discrimination [1] still exist ,unfortunately, especially in the areas of the housing , schools , and jobs . The school equality is still more a dream than a reality. There are still too many areas of the country where Black Americans do not enjoy the same full opportunities as White Americans . However, the vast majority of American s are working , studying , and sharing public places together. This was not true even a few years ago in some parts of the country , but progress is steadily being made . You will be able to observe the improvement in race relations as soon as your plane lands . You will see it in the airport, in public buses and trains , in theaters , restaurants , rest room, in sops and libraries , in offices and factories . Close personal friendships between Blacks and
中西文化差异英文
中西文化差异英文 Differences Betwween Chinese And Western Clture As we know,there are many obvious differences between chinese and western clture.Here I will epress some opinions about this. Chinese culture is the collectivist culture.Chinese put the benefit of groung the first place.The value of people can not be allowed to set up over the the benefit of the grounp.On the contrary,western culture is the individualist culture.They spare no efforts to show off themselves. 1、Differences in addressing Chinese put the given name after the family name.While in the western country,their given names were put at the place.We can see that Chinese regard the family name more important than the given name.It reflects that Westerners have a thought that each person is significant in our world and a person should play a important role among our beings. 2、Differences in rendering thanks Generaly,in China the family members hardly say “thanks”.If say it,we will feel strange and have distance beween each other.But Westerners can it on any occasion and beween any people.When someone give they a cup of drink,they will say“Thanks”.What,s more,when someone ask you“Would you like something to eat/dirnk,”Chinese would say a few words of courtesy although they would like.But in th e west,peole will say“Yes,please”if they would like and will say“No,thanks”if they would not.
中西文化差异比较英文
T h e d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n c h i n e s e a n d w e s t e r n c u l t u r e With the rapidly challging word, people throughout the world have found it increasingly necessary to minimize the rate of misunderstanding due to miscommunication in their contacts with another. In the oast most human beings were born, lived, and died within a limited geoographical area, never encountering people of other cultural backgrounds. It might be said that technological advances have been most effective in creating the borderless word, the global community. As our world shrinks and its inhabitants become interdependent, people from remot cultures increasingly come into contact on a daily basis. It is no longer hard to find situations in which membes of ince isolared groups of people. Now these people may live thousands of miles away or right next door to each other. So all the people are faced with the challenge of understand this world. So when the east meet west, there are many problems. Some problems are listed as follows. First of all, the way of eating. All huaman beings have certain basic needs. Our fundamental needs for things that keep us alive. This is the physioligical need. All individuals must eat in order to survive. But what people eat, when they eat, and the manners in which they eat are all patterned by culture. No society views everything in its environment that is edible and might provide nurishment as food. Americans eat oysters but not snail. The French eat snails but not locusts. The Jews eat fish but not pork. The Hindus eat pork but not beef. The Russiand eat beef but not snake. We all have ideas about what kinds of food are good to eat. We also have ideas about what kinds of food are bad to eat. As a result, people from one culture often think the food that people from another culture eat are disgusting or nauseating. Dislike is not the only reason why some culture will not eat a certain food. In some clture, certain foods are taboo. Sometimes the food taboos may be so strong thrat just the thought of eating forbidden foods can cause an indivdual to feel ill. We can also find culture difference in way of bring up children treating the early, greeting each other, saying and spending money before other people do in everyday, but in some English-speaking countries, people do not agree with us. We chinese may enjoy something that is not usually consider as edible by the English-speaking people. Generally we perfer to have thing hot and much emphasis on the taste. We eat from one plate when we are eating with others, and we like to seat one by one, and in the shape of a round. On the
中西节日文化差异英文
中西节日文化差异英文 Revised by Liu Jing on January 12, 2021
The comparison between Chinese and Western festivals 中西方节日文化的差异比较 Abstract: the process of comparing the Chinese and Western festivals and studying Western histories and cultures can help people promote the communication and understanding of different cultures. With the further development of society and inter-cultures, globalization will affect many aspects of life in all countries. And western festivals are becoming more and more popular in China. We should respect them and select the essence. China boasts a brilliant history and splendid traditions. In modern times, Chinese tradition should be preserved and promoted. But it seems that young people no longer treasure the tradition. On the contrary, they turn to pursue enthusiastically a seemingly more modern culture. If this trend is allowed to continue, the priceless heritage of our ancestors will be replaced by western traditions. Nobody expects such a consequence. So let’s join hand in hand to protect and carry forward Chinese tradition. Key words: Traditional festivals; Chinese and Western cultures; difference; globalization Introduction: “A holiday of a nation represents a glorious culture and concentrated customs of a nation.” To understand a nation's
中美文化差异英语作文｜描写中西文化差异的英语作文满分模板范文.doc
【个人简历范文】 一方水养一方人，中西方的文化也是有差异的，用英语描写一下你所知道德1中西方的文化差异吧。下面是为你整理的有关中西文化差异的高中英语作文，希望你喜欢! 描写中西文化差异的英语作文范文篇1 Through I am a Chinese,I have some west country friends.They lived in China for many years, from their tone ,I know that there are many cultural difference between West and China.Such as difference of dinner manners……In west countries ,when people are having dinner ,if one of them want to go to a WC.He or she shoud say”Excuse me ,I want to go to the toilets…”Only in such a way can others think you are of good manners.And in the bathroom,you can relieve the bowels, wash you faces, refine the make-up ,pick your teeth and so on.When you finished yourself,you can return to you set.A wonderful dinner can be continue.But in China,there are some different of it.When you want to have a bath,you shoud only say”I want to go to washroom”.That just means:I want to go out for a while.If you finished you dinner ,you can also say:”I'm full”That means:I am full ,help youselves.And then ,you can go out to have a rest or walk.That just some of the difference of dinner manners in west and in China.When we face it in the future ,don`t forget that! 描写中西文化差异的英语作文范文篇2 Long history in China in 5000, western social process of world 56 a hundred years.China is brilliant abundant, great and deep food culture;The western nation then has delicately and particularly , from become the food civilization of system.Medium the west food cultural collision, exchanges and melted into whole mankind's civilization to fill up with wear colourful function.Medium the Spanish turn of the difference of educated medium west food culture of difference, but this kind of difference come from medium the west different mode of thinking with conducting philosophy. This text introduced a medium Spanish to turn in the difference of food.West food from the food idea, food object, food method, food ownership and property etc. carry on the comparison of the culture. 描写中西文化差异的英语作文范文篇3 There are many difference between China and America such as in the field of geography ,culture, language ,politics ,economy and education with the development of science and technology .The word get even more smaller ,the communication between them is more frequent . Our country, China absorbs the essence and doesn’t eliminate the bad thing . Because a proverb ever since said when the fresh air come in ,the flies will also accompany it . At times we may not determine our countries’ geography
中西饮食文化差异 英语作文
The Food Culture Difference Between China and West Studying food cultural differences, we can find out a joint enhancing the communication between China and the west through a comprehensive study of the subject. It may be a great help to the communication of the Chinese and western cultures. Diet is actually the contents of our daily lives. It has special status in the Chinese culture, and it also has a great distinction between China and the west. As one of the world ancient nations, China’s diet has a history almost as long as that of Chinese civilization. But in western countries, ancient thinkers devoted less attention to the food problem than the Chinese philosophers did.The differences in concepts, targets, patterns, attribution and nature had reflected the different dietary culture in the different state characteristic. Differences in Concepts Chinese diet is a sense of beauty diet and pays attention to the "color, flavor, taste " regardless of the nutrition . Chinese people hanker on a diet is just the “mood”that is difficult for one to say anything. Even using the "color, flavor, shape and implement "which people often said to make the" realm "reification, is still difficult to crown all. Chinese
浅谈中西方文化差异_英文_
综 合 191 # 浅谈中西方文化差异 文/黄文娟 摘 要:中西方文化差异导致了中西方交流中的误解,引起了很多不便。本文针对日常生活中中西方文化交流中的典型现象如婚姻家庭,餐厅礼仪和日常招呼等进行分析,阐述了这些文化现象后所隐藏的文化内涵和其所植根的文化根基,从个人主义和集体主义,平等概念和等级观念,自我中心和牺牲精神等方面做出解释,为困顿于中西方文化的学习者提供参考。关键词:中西方文化;现象;文化内涵;文化根基作 者:湖南对外经济贸易职业学院 ?1Cited phenomena A 1Mar riage A Chinese gir l got mar ried with an Amer ican boy and sett led down in Los Angeles not far away from wher e her par ents-in -law lived.T he fir st few months went by much smoothly and the Chinese girl got along very well with her new family. Six months later,she got pr egnant and infor med her par ents -in-law at the fir st moment.The r eady grandparents blessed her and her baby and went to Europe where they planned to enjoy a half -year holiday.The Chinese gir l was surprised at their decision:/Don .t you stay to take car e of me and my baby?Don .t you think the baby is the most import ant thing in the family now?0T he parents-in-law also got confused:/We love this baby,but does it mean we should give up our own life and do everything for it?0 B 1Rest aur ant customs A young Chinese tourist sat in a Par is caf and or der ed tea.Twice he asked for more hot water to top it up while putting the saucer on the cup to keep the tea warm,as he would have done at home. T he waiter grew impatient./This Chinese is too stingy t o pay for mor e tea.And doesn .t he know t he saucer goes under the cup to cat ch the dr ips?0 T he Chinese man noticed the displeasure on the wait er .s face and lost pat ience himself./This Wester n waiter is r ea lly stingy and silly!Why is he so reluctant to serve me hot water?Why does he put the lid under the cup?0he got angry,and left the caf st eam ing with resent ment. C 1Greeting An American student Charlie went to China and continued his study in Peking University.Ever ything went well with him except that the Chinese people were hard to understand for him somet imes. One day afternoon,he was on his way back from the super market when he encounter ed two Chinese classmates./H i,Charlie,wher e are you going?0one of the Chinese classmates greeted him./I .m just back from the supermar ket.0H e answer ed./What did you buy?0T he Chinese student continued./Er ,0Char lie felt ver y awkward,/I bought a bar of bread,five apples,a bott le of salad jam and ,0/You don .t have to tell us all these specific t hings,we ar e just greeting you by asking you questions.0/What?You confused me!0 ò.Analysis on the cited phenomenon and the cor responding cultur al implications In the fir st case,both the Chinese girl and her par ents-in -law can keep their own opinion.In China,it is par ents .dut y t o be responsible for their childr en and this responsibility will last (4)勤巡视病房,观察生命体征、面色、意识及有无感染、周围组织坏死等。当出现因插管技术而导致的并发症(如穿破脐血管造成出血插进或堵塞腹主动脉分支、空气栓塞、血栓形成、误插在门静脉沟处、穿破肝实质等)时,应通知医生尽早拔管,同时给予对症治疗,使症状得以改善。 (5)细菌学检测。每周1次分别做外周血和脐部穿刺处皮肤的细菌培养。本组病例共做16次外周血和脐部穿刺处皮肤的细菌培养,无1例发生院内感染等插管并发症。 参考文献: [1]余波,李莎莎.新生儿126例脐静脉插管末端细菌培养的临床分析[J]中国新生儿科杂志,2007(4) [2]宋新志,曹明艳,何咏梅,等.新生儿窒息血肌钙蛋白T 变化[J ]湘南学院学报,2005(1) [3]周宇,周晓光.新生儿胎粪吸入综合征临床分型与特点的初步探讨[J]中国当代儿科杂志,2000(5) [4]高树辉,周杰,张映辉,等.早产儿血脂水平与出生体重的关系[J]中国当代儿科杂志,2003(3)