新思维综合英语第一册

新思维综合英语第一册

How to talk about a foreign language 如何谈论一门外语

How to talk about one’s family 如何谈论家庭

How to talk about events in the past 如何谈论过去的事情

How to talk about how you met someone 如何谈论与别人相识的经过

Luke Taylor and Maya Winston are talking about their families. Focus Questions and answers:

1. How does Luke know that Koziol is Polish?

__Luke’s wife is Polish, and Luke’s spent some time in Poland. So he should be able to speak a little Polish or at least recognize the Polish sound.

2. How did Luke get to know his wife?

__She studied in his English class in the States.

3. How is Luke’s wife, Stenia’s English now? How did she achieve that?

__She speaks English almost perfectly now. She worked so hard on her English (while she was learning English).

4. Where are Maya’s relatives now? What language do Maya’s parents speak at home?

___They are all living in the States now. Maya’s parents speak English now because in the dialogue, Maya says that her father used to speak Polish, and her mother forgot all other languages since she learned English. （所以他们家就说英语了。）

What an unusual necklace! 是个感叹句，What a …后边一般跟名词性短语。

如： What an interesting story (it is)! 这个故事多有趣呀！What a splendid performance! 演出多精彩啊！

Stand for 代表，表示。如：What does “K” stand for? K 的意思是什么？PE stands for physical education. PE 表示体育课的意思。

在西方国家里，女孩子长大结婚后一般要改用丈夫的姓氏，Maiden name指女孩结婚前所用的姓。

The States (S 大写)，指 the United States. 口语中，人们谈起美国时，用得更多的是 the States 或 America, 来代替 the USA. Which language do you speak at home, English or Polish? 选择疑问句，疑问词用 which，也可以说 What language(s) do you

speak? 如果问话人知道你会讲多种不同外语，会用languages 来提问。Speak 讲（一种语言）。How many languages can he speak? Used to do sth, 过去常常做某事。现在已经没有这习惯了。I used to smoke a lot. Work hard, 努力工作，认真工作。

Be good at sth. 在某方面很擅长，有某方面能力。She is good at languages. 她有语言天赋。

She still has a very slight accent, but you can hardly tell she’s foreign.

她仍然有一点点口音，不过你几乎分辨不出她是外国人了。Accent 口音，腔调，someone with a different accent

不同口音的人。Slight微小的，轻微的。She’s got a slight headache. 她有点（轻微的）头痛。Tell 区分，辨别。They look exactly the same – how can you tell which is which?

他们看起来一模一样，你怎么能分辨出哪个是哪个呢？动词 tell 当“区分、辨别”讲时，一般用在 tell sb / sth from sb / sth

这样的结构中。如：Can you tell Jane from her twin sister? 你能把Jane 和她的双胞胎妹妹分辨开吗？

Hardly 几乎不，几乎没有。I’m so tired I can hardly walk any further. 我太累了，几乎一步也走不动了。学习时需要注意这类含有否定意义的副词，在句子中使用时，避免双重否定。比如，刚才这句话就不能说成 I’m so tired I can not hardly walk any further. (错句)

Was either of your parents born in Poland? Yes, they both were. 你父母有谁是在波兰出生的吗？

是的，他们都是。Either of …二者之一。后面常常接两个方面、两件事情或两个人，相关的动词往往用单数。Either of the two phrases is acceptable. 两个短语哪个都可以接受。

Either … or…常常连用，表示“二者之中任选其一”。

He must be either mad or drunk. 他不是疯了，就是醉了。

I was expecting you (to come) either today or tomorrow. 我希望你要么今天要么明天来。

He hasn’t spoken it since my grandparents died.

自从我的祖父母去世后他就没再讲过。注意这句话里的现在完成时和一般过去时结合使用时的典型用法。表示“自从……（可以是某件事或某个时间点）以来……一直（没）做某事”的时间关系时，一般用since 将主从句连接起来，主句一般用现在完成时，since 后的从句部分用一般过去时或者用表示时间点的名词（短语）。如：

I haven’t heard from him since he left here last year.

自从去年他离开这里我没有收到他的信。

John has been in this country since he was ten.

从十岁开始John 就住在这个国家了。

Fluently 流利地，指语言或讲话口齿很流利。Fluent 流利的，形容词。

She speaks fluent English. She speaks English fluently.