毕业设计说明书(最终)

镗铣床主传动系统设计

摘要

毕业设计是大学生学习专业知识之后进行的必要实践教学环节。其内容包括：根据机床型号、用途，确定出极限转速、公比、转速级数、各级转速及其他有关机床运动的参数；再根据公比、转速级数拟定结构式、结构网，然后画出转速图，确定齿轮齿数、传动结构并绘制出对应的传动系统图。此外，估算传动轴直径、估算齿轮模数，校核齿轮、轴与轴承的强度及寿命。毕业设计目的，是为了让我们对大学以来学到的所有理论知识得到巩固、充实。通过机床变速主传动系统的设计，使我对机床的工作原理、结构都有了深入了解，在选定电机、转速图和传动齿轮参数的过程中，加深了对机械设计、互换性、工艺学等课程的理解与运用。此外，通过这次毕业设计，拓宽了我的设计思路，提高了结构设计、方案选择分析、机械制图、运算、查阅技术资料等多方面的能力。

关键词：镗铣床；主轴箱；传动系统；变速系统

Boring and Milling Machine Main Transmission

System Design

Abstract

The graduation design is an important process for a college student after learning some professional knowledge. It includes: determining the limit speed, common ratio, speed series, speed and other related machine tool movement parameter at all levels according to the machine type, purpose; drawing the speed diagram and determining the gear teeth, the transmission structure and mapping out the corresponding transmission system according to common ratio, speed series for structured, network structure, and then . In addition, estimate the shaft diameter and module of gear, check the gear, shaft and bearing strength and service life. Graduation design is aim to enrich all of the theoretical knowledge we learn at our university . We have a deep understanding of the working principle, structure of nc machine tools through the machine tool main variable speed drive system design.we also have a deep comprehensive understanding of the knowledge of interchangeability and mechanical design. In addition, through this graduation design, my design ideas are widened and my structure designs are improved. It also improve my selection analysis, mechanical drawing, operation, and the ability to refer the technical information.

Key Words:Boring and milling machine;The spindle box;The transmission system;Variable speed system

目录

1绪论 (1)

1.1 选题背景及目的 (1)

1.2国内外研究状况和相关领域已有成果 (1)

1.2.1 国外机床行业发展现状 (1)

1.2.2 国内机床行业发展现状 (2)

1.3研究内容及主参数 (3)

2镗铣床变速操纵机构简介 (4)

2.1镗铣床结构组成 (4)

2.2机床变速操纵机构 (4)

2.3 变速机构传动轴固定 (5)

2.4 齿轮在传动轴上的布置与排列 (5)

2.5 主轴部件机构 (5)

3机床主传动系统设计 (6)

3.1电机的选择 (6)

3.1.1 选择电动机的类型 (6)

3.1.2 确定机床切削功率 (6)

3.1.3 确定电机功率及型号 (7)

3.2 联轴器的选择 (7)

3.3 确定传动公比ϕ (7)

3.3.1 确定极限转速 (7)

3.3.2 选定公比ϕ (8)

3.4 拟定结构式 (8)

3.5 绘制转速图 (8)

3.6 传动件计算转速 (10)

3.7 各轴动力参数 (11)

3.8 估算传动轴径 (12)

4齿轮参数设计计算 (14)

4.1 选取传动齿轮齿数的原则和要求 (14)

4.2 齿轮材料热处理及精度等级 (14)

4.3 齿轮齿数的确定 (14)

4.4 估算齿轮模数 (15)

4.5 验算齿轮模数 (19)

4.6 计算齿轮几何尺寸 (29)

5传动件校核 (31)

5.1 轴的材料 (31)

5.2 轴结构设计 (31)

5.3 轴刚度校核 (32)

5.3.1 传动轴受力分析 (32)

5.3.2 齿轮受力计算 (33)

5.3.3 齿轮刚度校核 (33)

5.3.4 花键键侧挤压应力校核 (37)

5.4 轴承受力分析及校核 (38)

5.4.1 选定轴承 (38)

5.4.2 轴承受力分析 (38)

5.4.3 轴承支反力计算 (38)

5.4.4 轴承校核 (39)

5.5 平键选择及强度校核 (40)

5.5.1 键的选择 (40)

5.5.2 键的校核 (41)

结论 (42)

致谢 (43)

参考文献 (44)