2020中考复习冠词ppt

2)人名前用a / an 表示说话人对此人 不认识,相当于”a certain” . Our music teacher is a Miss White. A Mr Chen came to see you this morning. 也可指与某名人有类似性质的人或事物. He wishes to became a Newton.
被压迫/虐待的人
10).在姓氏复数形式前表示一家 人. The Greens are at table.
The Chens will move to Naijing.
11).在逢十的复数数词前表示某 个年代
When he went to America in the seventies, he was already in his forties. In the 1870’s, Marx began to learn Russian.
18)在发明物前 Who invented the telephone? It was Edison that invented the lamp.
19)固定词组中 in the form of
in the end
2.不常用冠词的场合
1).表示人名\地名\国名\节日\月份 \星期\季节等专有名词前 Marx / Guangxi / Europe / China / National Day / March / Sunday / spring
The train is running at 60 km an hour.
He earns two thousand yuan a month.
5.其他用法 1).物质名词或抽象名词前用a / an表示具体意义\制成品或种类.
The little girl is eating an icecream at the table. It’s an honor to me to be given such a good chance to make a further study at university.
（伦敦的）地铁；
（美）subway
*如果表示交通工具的名词前有 定语,不用by He came here on his old bike.
9).名词前有名词所有格\形容词性物 主代词\指示代词\疑问词以及some, little, both, each, either, few, a few, a little, any, no, another, every, much, many 等形容词作定语时 John’s mother is a teacher. Whose purse is this?
the Reader’s Digest
16).表示全体国民的专有名词 前 the Chinese
the French
17).江河湖海\运河\海湾\海峡\山脉\ 群岛\森林\平原\盆地\沙漠等专有名 词前 the yellow river / the Pacific Ocean / the West lake / the Suez Canal / the Gulf of Mexico / the English Channel / the Himalayas
6).on earth 究竟,到底 on the earth 在地球上
7).go to school (church…)
go to the school (church…) 上学(作礼拜) 去…学校(教堂)
8).in front of in the front of
Failure is the mother of success.
Desks and chairs are usually made of wood.
5.表示学科\疾病\球类\游戏\颜色 和感官名称的名词前 Economics is different from politics.
Granny died of cancer two years ago. He likes football.
1.首次提到某人或某物,常起 介绍作用.
He is a doctor.
He is studying in a university.
2.在单数普通名词前,指一类人或 事物,通常不必译出. An ear is an organ for listening.
A fox is a cunning animal.=Foxes are cunning animals.=The fox is a cunning animal.
3).专有名词中的地名前用a / an 指某时期或某个样子的某地. She is now a different China from what she was twenty years ago.
4).a / an 用于某些固定词组中 once upon a time / an hour or two
I.冠词的定义
冠词是一种虚词,没有词 义,没有数和格的变化,不 能单独使用,只能帮助名 词或起名词作用的其它词 类说明其意义.
II.冠词的种类
冠词分为定冠词和不定冠 词两大类.定冠词特指一 特定名词,不定冠词泛指 一般普通名词.
III.不定冠词的用法
不定冠词有a和an两种形 式.a用在以辅音开头的名 词前, 一般读作[ə]; an 用 在以元音开头的名词前,一 般读作[ən].
鸡蛋是按打卖的。
14).在由普通名词或形容词构成 的专有名词前
the Great Wall
the United States the Summer Palace
15).在由”普通名词+专有名词” 构成的专有名词前
the People’s Republic of China the New York Times
5.表示学科\疾病\球类\游戏\颜色 和感官名称的名词前
Do you play chess (bridge, cards)?
Smell is one of the five senses.
*有些表示疾病的名词需要加冠 词a / an have a fever / cold / headache…
17).江河湖海\运河\海湾\海峡\山脉\ 群岛\森林\平原\盆地\沙漠等专有名 词前
the British Isles / the Black forest / the North China 不列颠群岛 Plain / the Tarim Basin / the Sahara Desert 注:Mount Fuji / Lake Baikal 无冠词
1.用冠词与不用冠词的差异
1).at table 进餐 at the table 在桌子旁
2).in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在医院里 3).by sea 乘船(由海路) by the sea 在海边
4).go to sea 当水手 go to the sea 去海边 5).in future 从今以后 in the future 在将来
These books / our research group Some interesting stories.
10).以and连接的两个相对的名 词并用时 day and night / pen and ink / husband and wife father and son / sun and mon / master and servant
7.称呼语或含感叹意义的名词前
Good morning, boys and girls.
Where is Dad, Mum? Poor fellow! He broke his leg.
8.与by连用的表示交通工具的名 词前
by bike / bus / train / tube / coach / land / sea…
*用某些介词连接相同或相对的名 词时
face to face / hand in hand / side by side / step by step / from top to bottom / from morning to night / from beginning to end
V.冠词的辩析和差异
3.说明某一事物,相当于the same,表示“相同”的意 思.
They are nearly of an age. The two shirts are of a size. Birds of a feather flock together.
4.在表示时间或度量单位的名词 前,具有”每一”的意思.
12).在乐器的名称前 The girl is playing the piano. He often plays the violin in the evening.
13).在表示单位的名词前
I have hired the car by the hour.
Eggs are sold by the dozen.
8).在形容词和副词的最高级前 Winter is the coldest season of the year.
Who sings (the) best in your class? 副词的最高级经常省略the
9).在某些形容词(或分词)前表示 一类人或事物 The young / the grown-up / the blind / the wounded / the oppressed
have a walk time / many a
turn a deaf ear to
IV.定冠词的用法 1.使用定冠词的场合
1).在单数普通名词前表示一类人或 事物,the 不必译出.
The horse is a useful animal.=A horse is a useful animal.=Horses are useful animals.
2). 复数可数名词和不可数名词 表示泛指 They are teachers, not students. People in the south like rice.
3).表示职位\身份\头衔的名词前
Aunt Mary
Professor Zhang President Lincoln
4.物质名词或抽象名词前
2).在重新提及的人或事物的名词前 He bought a book yesterday. The book is on the desk. I received a letter a few days ago. The letter was from England.
3).在谈话双方都知道的特定ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ 人或事物的名词前. Pass me the book, please.
I am the last to come.
6).在表示世界上独一无二的事
物的名词前
the world / the sun / the moon / the sky / the earth
7).在方向名词前 on the right / left
in the east / west / south / north
Would you mind my opening the window?
4).在有限制性定语修饰的名词 前 This is the place where I once lived.
The plane to Shanghai has taken off.
5).在序数词前
The first boy is his younger brother.
6.表示餐名的名词前 (breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner) Dinner is ready.
She is at lunch. What do we have for supper?
*如果具体指某顿饭时要用the, 表示类别时要用a/an
The breakfast I ordered still hasn’t arrived. That was a very nice (good, hearty) supper.