残膜危害及治理

Present situation of pollution of agricultural residue film and its control measures

Abstract: by analyzing the agricultural membrane on the farmland environment and crop residue damage,management measures are proposed according to the current situation of agricultural plastic film pollution.

Key words: Agricultural residue film; Harm; Pollution status quo; Control measures

With the improvement of agricultural production, the role of agricultural plastic film in agricultural production is more and more larger, promotes the increase in the production and the income of farmers. But with the dosage increasing, the understanding of the farmers is insufficient, resulting in unfavorable agricultural plastic film recycling cleanup of soil residues increased year by year, to the agricultural ecological environment poses a serious negative effects . Therefore, regulation of agricultural residues of membrane fouling is urgently needed.

1 The dangers of agricultural plastic film pollution

1.1 Influence soil physical properties, reducing the soil fertility

A large number of residues in the soil of agricultural plastic film is difficult to break down naturally, influence the water , fertilizer, gas and heat in the soil, bring serious pollution to the soil environment, conducive to agriculture ecological balance.At first, destroy the soil's permeability and the formation of granular structure, the upper and lower isolating, forming faults, causing soil compaction, reduced soil water, water retention capacity, resulting in a go underwater, and some do not , the physical properties of the soil are not fully realized. Secondly, the residual film will reduce soil colloid adsorption capacity, some available nutrient loss easily. Thirdly, the residual plastic film inhibit soil microbial activity, make the delayed nutrient conversion rate reduced, affect soil organic fertilizer rates of decomposition and nutrient release, reduce fertilizer effect.

1.2 Affect crop growth and development, resulting in production

Plastic film residue in the soil, the seeds can not germinate well, even if germination, roots can not penetrate the film and tie does not go on, reach the

extent of deep-rooted crop disaster-prone. If the seeds were sown into plastic film below, too long not to come out after germination, causing lack of seedlings,the crop production declines. According to statistics, various types of crop yield reduction: Corn is 11% ~13%, wheat by 9%~10%, 8%~14% of rice, soybeans 5.5%~9.0%, vegetables 15%~59%. The longer a continuous film, the greater the amount of residue the greater the impact on crop yields, after continuous use for 15 years ,land will be erected.

1.3 Endanger human health

Plastic film is added some additives in the production process, when the plastic fiml waste in the field or in the soil, some of the additives will infiltrate or migrate to the soil and water, are able to pollute the air, soil and water and so on. Especially some lead, cadmium and other toxic heavy metal additives, would be enriched in vegetables, grains and animals through the soil, it directly affect health after human edible.

1.4 Damage to the environment, unsightly

Plastic film being discarded at agrocybe angle, accumulated in the discharge channel, scattered in the lake water or arbitrary hung on the branches of the rod head, become an important symbol of the white pollution, is not only unsightly and may also be wrapped ploughshares planter roulette, affecting field operations.

2 Pollution of agricultural plastic film residue

2.1 The quality of agricultural film is poore, difficult to recovery

Using and recycling of agricultural plastic film problem is mainly focused on the issues of agricultural plastic film.Currently agricultural film is mainly made of linear low density polyethylene, general thickness is 0.003 mm or 0.004 mm. Since producers and users seek for the pursuit of economic excessively, film production tends to br thin, resulting in agricultural filmstrength low, easily broken, life expectancy is only 4~5 months, make the recycling difficult.

2.2 The number of plastic film increased yearly, the spread of pollution

In recent years, agricultural films, film usage increased rapidly and the