2007-2011上海高考英语语法考点归纳
2007-20XX年上海高考英语语法分类归纳
一、动词（重点中的重点共35题）
对近五年的上海高考英语试题进行分析，发现每年考察动词的试题均有7题，其中它们的分布为情态动词1题，动词时态1题，时态与语态的综合1题，非谓语动词4题，包括现在分词、过去分词、动名词（07年动词词义）、不定式各一题。
（20XX年6题）
27. It’s no use ______ without taking action. （动词动名词）
A. complain
B. complaining
C. being complained
D. to be complained
28. I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes. （情态动词）
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. daren’t
D. needn’t
31. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ______ four days later. （动词时态语态）
A. rescued
B. was rescued
C. has rescued
D. had been rescued
32. The rare fish, ______ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. （动词过去分词补充说明定语）
A. saved
B. saving
C. to be saved
D. having saved
33. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, ______ that he could do nothing to help. （动词现在分词原因状语）
A. to realize
B. realized
C. realizing
D. being realized
34. Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition? （动词时态）
A. would sign
B. signed
C. have signed
D. had signed
40. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing…but we seem ______ the art of communicating face-to-face. （动词不定式时态）
A. losing
B. to be losing
C. to be lost
D. having lost
（20XX年7题）
28. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.（时态）
A. are having
B. have
C. have had
D. had had
29. ---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.（情态动词）
A. must
B. mustn't
C. should
D. shouldn't
31. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.（时态与语态）
A. has restored
B. has been restored
C. is restoring
D. is being restored
32. I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.（动名词）
A. find
B. found
C. to find
D. finding
33. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories.（过去分词）
A. amused
B. amusing
C. to amuse
D. to be amused
35. the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
A. Approaching
B. Approached
C. To approach
D. To be approached（现在分词）
40. That is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.
（不定式）
A. reducing
B. to reduce
C. reduced
D. reduce
（7题）
27. It ______ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. (情态动词)
A. may
B. can
C. must
D. should
29. Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets ______ out. (时态)
A. would sell
B. had sold
C. have sold
D. was selling
31. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____ all four people on board. (现在分词)
A. killed
B. killing
C. kills
D. to kill
33. With the government’s aid, those ______ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. (过去分词)
A. affect
B. affecting
C. affected
D. were affected
35. Bill suggested ______ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. (动名词)
A. having held
B. to hold
C. holding
D. hold
36. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _______ not to touch any unattended bag. (时态与语态)
A. had always been warned
B. were always being warned
C. are always warning
D. always warned
39. David threatened ______ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid. (不定式)
A. to be reported
B. reporting
C. to report
D. having reported
（7题）
28. — Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?
—Terry? Never! She ______tents and fresh air! （时态）
A. has hated
B. hated
C. will hate
D. hates
29. According to the air traffic rules, you ______switch off your mobile phone before bearding. （情态动词）
A. may
B. can
C. would
D. should
30. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle ______to balance it.（现在分词短语表伴随状况）
A. having tried
B. trying
C. to try
D. tried
32. In recent years many football clubs ______as business to make a profit. （时态与语态）
A. have run
B. have been run C had been run D. will run
33. If there's a lot of work______, I'm happy to just keep on until it is finished. （不定式作后置定语）
A. to do
B. to be doing
C. done
D. doing
35. Something as simple as ______some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure. （动名词短语作主语）
A. to drink
B. drinking C to be drinking D. drunk
37. Ideally ______for Broadway theatres and Firth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests. （过去分词短语作原因状语）
A. locating
B. being located
C. having been located
D. Located
（7题）
28. --- Did you tidy your room?
--- No, I was going to tidy my room but I _____ visitors. （动词时态）
A. had
B. have
C. have had
D. will have
29. --- Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.
--- Great! You _____ read widely and put a lot of work into it. （情态动词）
A. must
B. should
C. must have
D. should have
30. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances _____ in the past years.（动词时态语态）
A. discovered
B. have discovered
C. had been discovered
D. have been discovered
34. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice _____ him. （动词现在分词短语做后置定语）
A. calling
B. called
C. being called
D. to call
35. There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. （动词不定式）
A. being persuaded
B. persuading
C. to be persuaded
D. to persuade
36. The Town Hall _____ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time. （动词过去分词短语做后置定语）
A. to be completed
B. having been completed
C. completed
D. being completed
41. At minus 130 C, a living cell can be _____ for a thousand years. （动词词义）
A. spared
B. protected
C. preserved
D. developed
二、介词（共5题每年考1题）
25. Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years. （11 年时间）
A. through
B. up
C. with
D. from
25. Sean has formed the habit of jogging the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.（10年地点）
A. between
B. along
C. below
D. with
25. Four Chinese models were ______ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.（09年范围）
A. among
B. between
C. along
D. beside
25. The two sportsmen congratulated each other ______ winning the match by shaking hands.（08年搭配中的介词）
A. with
B. on
C. in
D. To
25. Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly _____ size and shape. (07年外观）
A. on
B. from
C. by
D. in
三、代词（共5题每年考1题）
26. To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ______. （11年不定代词）
A. the other
B. other
C. the others
D. another
27. If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend on . （10年反身代词）
A. themselves
B. them
C. us
D. ourselves
26. –Wow! You’ve got so many clothes.
--But _____ of them are in fashion now.（09年不定代词）
A. all
B. both
C. neither
D. none
26. — Do you want tea or coffee?
—______. I really don't mind. （08年不定代词）
A. None
B. Neither
C. Either
D. All
26. The mayor has offered a reward of $5000 to _____ who can capture the tiger alive or dead.（07年不定代词）
A. both
B. others
C. anyone
D. another
四、搭配（共6题）
27. When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she wondered how they had managed with ______ money. （11年so+形容词）
A. so few
B. such few
C. so little
D. such little
26. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was journey.（10年复合/合成形容词）
A. three hour
B. a three-hours
C. a three-hour
D. three hours
30. In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled the local market. （10年句意）
A. longer than
B. more than
C. as much as
D. as far as
28. The Great Wall is _______ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.（09年语法such/so…that句型）
A. so a well-known
B. a so well-known
C. such well-known a
D. such a well-known
27. In my view, London's not as expensive in price as Tokyo but Tokyo is ______in traffic.（08年形容词比较级）
A. the most organized
B. more organized
C. so organized as
D. as organized as
27. Alan is a careful driver, but he drives _____ of my friends. （07年形容词比较级）
A. more carefully
B. the most carefully
C. less carefully
D. the least carefully
33. Pop music is such an important part of society ______ it has even influenced our language. （07年such/so…that句型）
A. as
B. that
C. which
D. where
五、从句（重点中的重点共23题重在考查连接词）
1、状语从句（共8题）
36. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ______ it comes out on DVD. （11年时间状语从句）
A. whether
B. after
C. though
D. until
37. The police officers in our city work hard ______ the rest of us can live a safe life. （11年目的状语从句）
A. in case
B. as if
C. in order that
D. only if
34. you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.（10年让步状语从句）
A. However a serious problem
B. What a serious problem
C. However serious a problem
D. What serious a problem
39. our manager objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. (10年条件状语从句)
A. Until
B. Unless
C. If
D. After
32. You can’t borrow books from the school library _______ you get your student card.（09 时间状语）
A. before
B. if
C. while
D. as
31. — Are you ready for Spain?
—Yes. 1 want the girls to experience that ______they are young. （08 时间状语从句）
A. while
B. until
C. if
D. before
40. ______well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. （08 让步状语从句）
A. However
B. Whatever
C. No matter
D. Although
38. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ______ they are not managed carefully. （07年条件壮语从句）
A. though
B. before
C. until
D. if
2、名词性从句（共8题）
35. There is clear evidence ______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. （11年表语从句）
A. what
B. if
C. how
D. that
36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.（10年表语从句）
A. that
B. how
C. what
D. why
37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .（10年宾语从句）
A. he is entering which lane
B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane
D. which lane is he entering
37. It is not immediately clear _______ the financial crisis will soon be over.（09年主语从句）
A. since
B. what
C. when
D. whether
40. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of ______ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.（09年宾语从句）
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. how
34. As his best friend. I can make accurate guesses about ______he will do or think. （08年宾语从句）
A. what
B. which
C. whom
D. that
36. It has been proved ______eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. （08年主语从句）
A. if
B. because
C. when
D. That
39. _____ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. （07年主语从句）
A. That
B. What
C. Whether
D. Where
3、定语从句（共5题）
39. You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ______ you can hire to reach your host family. （11年关系代词）
A. which
B. where
C. when
D. as
38. Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.（10年介词+关系代词）
A. on which
B. by which
C. to which
D. from which
34. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ______ he composed “The Magic Flute”are both museums now.（09年关系副词）
A. where
B. when
C. there
D. which
38. We went through a period ______communications were very difficult in the rural areas.（08年介词+关系代词）
A. which
B. whose
C. in which
D. with which
37. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream. （07年关系代词）
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
六、反意疑问句（共2题）
30. It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, ______? （11年前否定后肯定）
A. doesn’t it
B. does it
C. don’t they
D. do they
30. Sally’s never seen a play in the Shanghai Grand Theatre, ______?（09年前否定后肯定）
A. hasn’t she
B. has she
C. isn’t she
D. is she
七、倒装（共4题）
38. Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away ______.（09年全部倒装）
A. fleeing the thief
B.was fleeing the thief
C.the thief was fleeing
D. fled the thief
39. So much of interest ______that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.(08 部分倒装)
A. offers Beijing
B. Beijing offers
C. does Beijing offer
D. Beijing does offer
31. --- How was the televised debate last night?
--- Super! Rarely _____ so much media attention. （07年倒装）
A. a debate attracted
B. did a debate attract
C .a debate did attract D. attracted a debate
32. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. ______ it was! （07年不完全倒装）
A. What a dangerous scene
B. What dangerous a scene
C. How a dangerous scene
D. How dangerous the scene
07年语法对名词，动词，形容词，副词词义考题各一题：
42. Since Tom ______ downloaded a virus into his computer, he can not open the file now. （副词词义）
A. readily
B. horribly
C. accidentally
D. irregularly
43. My morning ______ includes jogging in the part and reading newspapers over breakfast. （名词词义）
A. drill
B. action
C. regulation
D. routine
44. John was dismissed last week because of his ______ attitude towards his job. （形容词词义）
A. informal
B. casual
C. determined
D. earnest
上海高三语法填空练习
Grammar Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (A) Since early times, people (25) ______ (fascinate) by the idea of life existing somewhere else besides earth. Until recently, scientists believe that life on other planets was just a hopeful dream. But now they are beginning to locate places where life could form. In 1997, they saw other evidence of planets near other stars like the sun. But scientists now think that life could be even (26) ______ (near) in our own solar system. One place scientists are studying closely is Europa, a moon of Jupiter. Space probe has provided evidence (27) ______ Europa has a large ocean under its surface. The probe has also made scientists think that under its surface is a rocky core (地核) (28) ______ (give) off volcanic heat. Water and heat from volcanic activity are two basic conditions (29) ______ (need) for life to form. A third is certain basic chemicals like carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Scientists believe that there may be such lyi ng at the bottom of Europa’s ocean. They may already create life or may be about to. You may wonder (30) ______ light is also needed for life to form. Until recently, scientists thought that light was essential. But now places have been found on earth, (31) ______ are in total blackness such as caves several miles beneath the surface. And bacteria, primitive forms of life, have been seen there. So the lack of light in Europa’s sub-surface ocean doesn’t automatically rule out life forming. (B) Conversation is an important part of life to everyone. However, some people are afraid of starting a casual conversation with a stranger (32) ______ ______ a fear of not having anything interesting to say. Fear of rejection is also a reason for keeping silent. Small talk in a conversation can serve as a way of warming up and getting to know each other. Most people, (33) ______ ______ ______ successful they are at work, will find the process of making small talk uncomfortable, even pointless. However, you (34) ______ (have) a pretty small world if you refuse to let others in. Starting off with (35) ______ usual comment or question will make others comfortable, and even just greeting them with a simple “hello” will often be enough. (36) ______ you have made the first move, there is no turning back. You need to keep things going before you can gracefully say goodbye. Think about what you would like to share with a new friend and that is (37) ______ you can ask the other person about. Work, family, hobbies or interests are some general points of discussion. (38) ______ (keep) the ball rolling, you can show that you are really interested in what they are saying. Once you find common points of interest, things will definitely take off from there. Small talk (39) ______ turn out to be a pleasant experience. The conversation should be brief and casual without turning into a long and boring discussion. Do not let yourself control the conversation. Let (40) ______ talk too. Stop worrying about how big of a fool you may appear to be. You may even find out later on that you have the “talent” of getting people to open up to you by engaging them in small talk.
2017上海高考英语一模语法填空汇总
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2019届上海市各高中名校高三英语题型分类专题汇编--语法 填空 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、用单词的适当形式完成短文 Chinese actress Fan Bingbing has been fined for tax evasion, state media reported. It is the first public pronouncement about the star 1．she mysteriously disappeared from public view in June. According to state-run news agency Xinhua, Fan has been ordered to pay almost $130 million, after she misreported how much money she2．(receive) for certain film projects, using so-called "yin-yang contracts" to conceal3．the authorities her true remuneration (薪酬) and avoid millions of dollars in taxes. Fan and companies related to her were ordered to pay around $42 million in late taxes and fees, along with a fine of $86 million. Because she was 4．first-time offender, the government said criminal charges would not be filed against her if she pays all the money by an undisclosed deadline, Xinhua reported. Fan's disappearance from public view sparked widespread speculation 5．she had been detained by the authorities. Xinhua said she had been under investigation by tax authorities in Jiangsu province, but 6．didn't provide any details on her current whereabouts. In a letter 7．(post) on social media, Fan, 37, apologized profusely and repeatedly to the public and government. "As a public figure, I should have abided by laws and regulations, and been a role model in the industry and society," she said. "I shouldn't have lost self-restraint or become lax in managing my companies, 8．led to the violation of laws, in the name of economic interests." "Without the favorable policies of the Communist Party and state, without the love of the people, there 9．have been no Fan Bingbing," she added. Her case was clearly designed as a warning to other high profile celebrities, with the State Administration of Taxation saying it had launched a campaign 10．(recover) all back taxes in the entertainment industry. Of the many factors that contribute to poor performance on standardized tests like the SAT, nerves and exhaustion, surprisingly, 11．not rank very high. In fact, according to a new
2017上海高考英语语法填空解题点拨
2017上海高考英语语法填空解题点拨 2017上海高考英语学科改革，推出语法填空新题型．这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示，一种为不给单词提示。试题结构由原来的A，B2篇16分改变成一篇10分。继续体现了“重词汇，轻语法”的思想，但语法还是在整个高中英语教学和测试中起着重要作用。 一、已给单词提示题型的技巧：此类题可以考查学生对动词、形容词副词等形式变化的掌握程度。 技巧一：动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气、情态动词)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。学生复习时需要花一定的功夫对动词部分的语法知识进行一次全面复习。 例1： A talk (give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang．句中的is是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。 知识体系： 时态：考纲要求的11种时态 谓语动词语态：主动语态和被动语态be+过去分词 动词情态动词 动词不定式一般式、进行式、完成式主动与被动 非谓语动词动名词一般式、完成式主动与被动 现在分词一般式、完成式主动与被动 分词 过去分词 技巧二：形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。形容词、分词在上海试卷中只改变比较级最高级。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词加more／less和most／least，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。 例3：I am (tall)than Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class． 此题后句交代了Liu Wen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。
上海高考英语语法填空解题技巧
上海高考英语语法填空解题技巧 上海高考英语学科改革，推出语法填空新题型．这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚2014至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示，一种为不给单词提示。本人就这种题型进行了分析，总结出十条语法填空的解题技巧。 一、已给单词提示题型的技巧：此类题可以考查学生对代词、动词、形容词等形式变化的掌握程度。 技巧一：，时态、语态、语气、情态动词)动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(。学生复习时需要花一定的功夫对动词部分的语法不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)有非谓语的变化( 知识进行一次全面复习。1：例是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动．句中的is (give)tomorrow is written by Professor ZhangA talk 动作的承受可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow to be given。者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式—— ：考点聚焦知识体系 时态：考纲要求的11 种时态 谓语动词语态：主动语态和被动语态be+过去分词 动词情态动词 动词不定式一般式、进行式、完成式主动与被动 非谓语动词动名词一般式、完成式主动与被动 现在分词一般式、完成式主动与被动 分词 过去分词 技巧二：代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one／none、other／another等。 例2：The king decided to see the painter by (he)． 由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。 考点聚焦知识体系
上海高考英语语法填空新题型
语法填空 2017上海英语高考改革，语法填空由2014年语法改革后的两篇16空改成一篇10个空，这对同学们把握语篇，在较短时间内完成填空，并有较高的正确率提出了新的要求。在语法填空中要搞清楚几点基本原则： 一、语法填空虽然是语段里填空而不是传统选择，但是考查的内容仍然是基本的语法内容，而不是对上下文语篇的理解，因此无需对文章做深层次的理解，只需从题目所在的单句进行入手。只有个别题目（尤其是状语从句的关联词填空）需要关注上下文的关系。切记，不要因为阅读文章而浪费了时间。一般10道题目需要在8分钟内完成。 二、注意：除了后面括号后给了词，所填的词可能不止一个，其他的一定是一个空一个词，特别要掌握两个或者三个空的介词、连词或者情态动词。如：in case of; in spite of; due to; as well as; so that; in addition to; as long as; even if; as if; have to; ought to等。 三、不少同学在做题时将所给词改变了词性，这是万万不可的【除了动词加ed/ing】，这也是上海卷的语法填空区别于外地语法填空的明显之处。 四、副词诸如even、almost、often等是不可能填的；同样的在没有给出否定词n ot或者never的情况下，自己是不能添加的。比如有的同学填can’t 是不可能的。 五、一定要学会句子成分的划分，不仅可以用于语法填空也可以用于小猫钓鱼的词汇填空。尤其是在需要填写动词形式的题目中。 六、动词单复数形式要利用好，很多时候可以判定所填的词是否正确。如：Even a small amount, he says, _______ make a person sick. 七、注意助动词，如2014年倒装句; 过渡词如however, instead, moreover等词也可能考查。 八、有些固定词组搭配中介词可要可不要，如果填写在空格中，介词一定不能带入。如： … (in) doing, be busy (in) doing, prevent …(from) doing.
上海英语二模语法易错题有搭配的语法知识点
2017 年二模考试易错题整理（一） 闵行区 1. __________________________________________ Many young people enjoy drinking coffee while ___________________________ prefer to drink tea. A.others B.other C.another D.the others 2. _____ -- is fifteen minus five? --Fifteen minus five is ten. A.How long B.How soon C.How much D.How often 3. _____________________________________________________ The two men used to argue with each other to prove who is ______________________ . A.strong B.stronger C.strongest D.the strongest 4. Beijing has madehistory in winning the bids to host both the winter Olympic games. A.but B.or C.so D.and 5. _______________ He 'd rather the underground to the city center because it and convenient. summer _____ s fast
上海高考实用英语语法复习笔记[宝典]
上海高考实用英语语法笔记 第一部分词法 Chapter 1. 主谓一致 一、概念： 主谓一致是指：1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。例如：There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 二、相关知识点精讲 1、并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如：Reading and writing are very important. 注：当主语由and连结时,如果表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 2、主谓一致中的靠近原则 1)当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如： There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。 There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩,二十三个女孩。 2)当either…or…与neither…nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如： Either you or she is to go. 不是你去,就是她去。 Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。 3、谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。 例如：The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。 He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。 4、谓语需用单数的情况 1)代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时,或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如： Each of us has a tape-recorder. /There is something wrong with my watch. 2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。例如：The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 3)表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。例如： Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. /Ten yuan is enough. 5、指代意义决定谓语的单复数 1)代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。 2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后,谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如：His family are music lovers. 但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如：Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗? 3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。例如： A number of +名词复数+复数动词：A number of books have lent out./ The majority of the students like English. The number of +名词复数+单数动词：The number of books is 53 . 6、与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况 1)用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如： Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。 Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 大部分学生积极参与体育运动。 2)用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如： A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。 A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。 3)如many a 或more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than…of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如： Many a person has read the novel.许多人读过这本书。 More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。 Chapter 2. 动词的时态 一、概念： 英语的实义动词有以下五种形式： (1) 动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时,情态动词之后,或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。 (2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式(简称现单三)：主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。 (3) 过去式：主要用于一般过去时。 (4) 现在分词：主要用于进行时态,或语法规定的其他情况。 (5) 过去分词：主要用于完成时态,或语法规定的其他情况。 动词一般现在时第三人称单数(现单三)的构成,见下表： 词尾变化(规律与名词变复数相同,读音也与名词复数相同) 举例 一般加-s Help---helps; read---reads 在ch, sh, s, x 或元音字母o后面加-es Do, fix, pass, push, teach ---does, fixes, passes, pushes, teaches
2019年上海高考英语一模语法填空汇编
2019年高三一模语法填空汇编 1.上海市黄浦区2019年高三英语一模语法新题型 Just How Buggy is Your Phone? What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If you say 21. __________ toilet seat, you’re wrong. Kitchen sponges top the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean them. In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the theft before 22. __________ (die) from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms and finally 23. __________ (confess) to the crime. 24. __________ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do you see some dirty mars? “That's all you,” says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-Marcell. “That’s biological information.” It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from 25. __________ of your friends and family. They’re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Someday in the future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to
上海高考英语语法训练答案
Adults are often surprised by how well they remember someth ing they lear ned as childre n but have n ever practised in the mean time. A man who has not had an opport un ity _1_(go) swim ming for years can still swim as well as ever whe n he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after several decades and still ride away. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem _2_ (begi n) with “ Twin kle, twin kle, little star One expla nati on is the law of over lear ning, _3_ can be stated as follows: _4_ _4_ _4_we have learned someth ing, additi on al lear ning will in crease the len gth of time we will remember _5_ In childhood, we usually continue to practise such skills as swimming, bicycle riding long after we have lear ned them. We con ti nue to liste n to and remi nd _6_ of poems such as “ Twin kle, twinkle, little star ” . We not only learn but overlearn. The law of over lear ning expla ins _7_ crammi ng for an exam in ati on, though it may result in a pass ing grade, is not a satisfactory way to lear n a school course. It is by cram ming _8_a stude nt may lear n the subject well eno ugh to get by on the exam in ati on, but he is likely soon to forget what he has already lear ned. 1. to go 2. beg inning 3. which 4. as long as 5. it 6. ourselves 7. why 2 8. that There is a saying, ” Life is so short, how can we be annoying but kind? Kindness is a way of putting your awareness of others needs _1_ action by giving someth ing of yourself. The kind acts you en gage in show that you have no ticed _2_ some one else n eeds, or would like. People do not always ask for what they n eed in words, so show ing kindn ess in volves un dersta nding and relat ing to others from the heart. Think back to the times in your life whe n you _3_ (help) by the kindn ess of others——and _4_ it meant to you. There are always opport un ities for simple kindn ess in our everyday life. The people and animals _5_ us need love and care just like we do. _6_ simple act of kindness such as a _7_ (help) hand or a smile goes a long way to brig hte n others ' days. Kin dn8__ _ometimes be as simple as a thought. When some one far away you know is sick or sad, send him/her love in your thoughts and if physically possible, make a phone call or be there to give cheers. 1. into 2. what 3. have bee n helped 4. what 5. around 6. A 7. help ing 8. can 1 Paris in the springtime was, is and always will be, something rather special. Why not _1_ (experienee) it for yourself with this excellent break for four days? This attractive city has someth ing _2_ (offer ) to every one and with prices at just ￡129. Your break begins with comfortable bus transfer from local pick-up points and travel to Paris