2020考研英语应用文写作要注意格式

写作有着严格的格式，中、英文都如此。在应用文写作这一节，侧重考查公务信函，虽然大纲已经强调对信函的格式不会过于苛求。

但英文书信的称呼、落款的位置和方式都与汉语不同，考生应能掌握基本的书信格式，这是写好英文书信的前提。同时要注意语域，专家提醒考生，所谓语域，就是根据交际的对象、身份、场合、内

容及心理的不同而采取的不同话语方式，一般有正式、一般和非正

式三种。考生应根据题目的不同要求选择语域。一般情况下，给私

人朋友写信可以用非正式的语域，而公务信函则应该是正式的。

内容要简明扼要

研究生写作要求写100字左右的应用文。考生应该在题目给定的情景下，用最简明的语言来传达信息。考生应将所有规定的内容都

包含在自己的作文中。另外，在写作时一定要层次分明、用词贴切，结构紧凑。即要言之有物，简明扼要。只要考生紧密跟随老师所讲

的步骤进行练习，应用文写作这一关应该很容易通过。专家提醒考生，大家在写作前一定要认真审题，确保作文切和题意。有的考生

草草地看一遍题目觉得没有问题，马上就开始写作，结果写到一半

突然发现有所困惑，仔细一看写作内容与题目要求有出入，想要重

新再写时间已经不允许，接着写下去后果可想而知。

格式多变需警惕

小作文满分为10分，因为其比较套路化，所以比大作文更加容

易得分。但是，得高分的前提是要在格式、语言和要点等方面下功夫。小作文的格式多变，大家要引起重视，单纯因为格式的问题而

拿不到高分，这对任何考生来说都是非常可惜的。例如称呼方面，

英语应用文称呼有这样的特点，如果是不认识的人，一般称呼为敬

词加尊称，像是DearSirorMadam，如果是写给关系正式的某团体或

个人，称呼就要变为敬词加尊称加名，像是DearMr.xx或

DearMs.Xx，另外对于关系较亲密的人可以直呼其名。正文格式一般

是首段开头空四个字母，段落之间不空行，但是现在流行的格式是每段开头不空格，但是各段之间空一行。所以在格式方面大家可以根据自己的习惯进行选择，只要让阅卷人看得舒服，且完全符合应用文要求的文体就没有问题。

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19. hall [h：l] "n.礼堂,会堂,办公大楼,门厅" 20. halt [h：lt] "n.止步,停步,停止前进 v.止步,(使)停止" 21. ham [hm] n.火腿 22. hamburger ['hmb：ɡ] "n.汉堡包,牛肉饼" 23. hammer ['hm] "n.铁锤,槌,榔头 v.锤击,敲打" 24. hamper ['hmp] "v.妨碍,防碍,牵制" 25. hand [hnd] n.手，人手，雇员;专门业人员;指针 v.交 26. handbook ['hndbuk] "n.手册,指南" 27. handful ['hndful] n.一把;少数;一小撮 28. handicap ['hndikp] v.妨碍 n.(身体或智力方面的)缺陷;不利条件 29. handkerchief "['hktif, -ti：f]" n.手帕 30. handle ['hndl] "n.柄,把手,拉手 v.处理,对待,操纵;触,抚养" 31. handsome ['hnsm] "a.漂亮的,英俊的;慷慨的,数量可观的" 32. handwriting "['hnd,raiti]" "n.笔迹,手迹,书法" 33. handy ['hndi] "a.手边的,近便的;方便的" 34. hang ['h] "v.悬挂,垂吊;吊死,绞死" 35. happen ['hpn] v.(偶然)发生;碰巧，恰好 36. happy ['hpi] a.快乐的，幸福的;乐意的;令人满意的 37. harassment ['hrsmnt] n.骚扰，扰乱;烦恼，烦乱 38. harbor ['hɑ：b] "n.(harbour)海港;避难所 v.隐匿,窝藏"

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