Argument必用词汇
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
解释：explain, be an explanation for, account for
考虑到：consider, take into account
确定：confirm, assure, identify
排除：rule out, exclude
代表：represent, stand for, be representative of
所以：so, thus, hence, therefore, consequently
相关：correlation
因果关系：causal relationship, causality
导致：lead to, result in
源于：lie in, in that
转折关系词：
虽然：though, although, while, whereas
类比：analogy, analogical deduction
推广：generalize hastily
基于：be based on, be on the basis of
按实际情况来说：as it stands
如下：as follows
种类：sort, kind, variety, type
多样：diverse, varieties of
7: Coincide with ***
8: Without ruling out the alternative explanations above, ***
9: The survey conducted by the scholars is not demographically (statistically) reliable.
2: in this condition在这样的条件下
3: in conditions of在……条件下
4: in this situation在这种场合
5: under the circumstances在这种情况下
其他句型：
1: fail to account for the possibility that *** / alternative explanations
按照：according to, in accordance with
就……而言：in terms of
一定，必然，绝对：definitely, necessarily, inevitable, inevitably, absolutely
可信的：cogent, convincing, convincible, sound, persuasive, credible, reliable, warranted
只有：only
条件：condition,experimental condition
无论：regardless of whether, no matter what/how, whatever, however, so ever (adv)
比率：rate, ratio, percentage, portion
10: Close scrutiny of the evidence the author cites reveals that this argument is not cogent as it stands.
11: Though well presented by the argument, the evidence ***
4: Conceding that ***, *** nevertheless ***
5: Admitting that ***; in fact, ***
6: Admittedly, ***; however, ***
7: In spite of ***, ***, though.
8: Reasonable as this assertion seems, it rests on the dubious reasoning.
真实的：true, authenticity (authentic), justifiable, veracity (真话)
不充分的，欠缺的：inadequate, insufficient, vague, scant
具体的：concrete, detail
缺乏：in absence of, lacking, in short of
错误类比：
1: impose the restriction that *** on ***
2: The two situations are not similar enough to justify the analogical deduction / comparability
草率推广：
1: Unless all other conditions potentially affecting *** remains constant, it is unwarranted that ***.
但是：but, yet, however, nevertheless, nonetheless
尽管：despite, in spite of
而不是：rather than, instead
相反：by contrast, in contrast
条件关系词：
只要：as long as, providing, provided, on condition (conj)
重要：important, crucial, significant, importance, significance, indispensable
不重要：dispensable, insignificant, unimportant
复杂的：sophisticated, complex, complicated
句型：
因果关系：
1: Comprehensive analysis is necessary to identify the actual cause of
2: The arguer’s reasoning linking A with B seems reasonable on the surface.
be an implication of, suggest, reflect
证明，支持：prove, substantiate, justify, lend support to, bolster
推理，推论：inference, reasoning, deduction
speculate, reason, infer that……from……, deduce
2: How much heavier is it than ***（提问比较级）
3: Men cover 20% of them.
4: What is the ratio of ***?
5: What is the percentage of the group covered by men?
6: As an indication of ***, the author cites ***.
由……组成：consist of
喜欢，倾向于：be inclined to, incline to, be fond of
加强：enhance, strengthen, reinforce
破坏：undermine, damage
引用：quote, cite, note
至于：regarding, as for
Argument必用词汇，句型及模式
1.词汇：
声称，得出结论：conclude, assert, allege, contend
论断,结果：conclusion, assertion, result, (recommendation)
说明，显示出：illustrate, demonstrate, indicate, imply, be an indication of,
cogency, persuasion, credibility
精确：precisely, accurately, exactly
充分的：assary, indispensable
necessity
不可信的，可疑的：unconvincing, inconvincible, soundless, groundless, dubious, open to doubt, doubtful, problematic, questionable, indefensible, unreliable, unfounded, unwarranted, invalid, unpersuasive, misleading
统计，数据，调查：statistics, statistically, data, survey, investigation, study, demographic,
statistical integrity
方面：respect, aspect, ground, facet
评价，评估：evaluate, assess, appraise
3: The fact that A happened after B accomplishes nothing towards bolstering the causal relationship between them.
4: The correlation between A and B (coincidence) is not a good indication of the causal relationship between them.
部分地：partially
事与愿违的：counterproductive
有害,不方便：harmful, inconvenient
无害：harmless
有好处：benefit, benefit from
为了：for the sake of
关于：with regard to, concerning, in regards to
5: Accordingly, ***
6: reach the conclusion that ***
让步句式：
1: The fact that ***, while ***, ***
2: Though ***, ***, nevertheless, ***
3: It is true that ***; however, ***
错误假设：
1: The argument rests on the gratuitous assumption that ***
2: The fundamental assumption that *** depends on the questionable fact that ***
3: The assumption requires more concrete evidence and is not justified by the facts so far available.
2: While it is true that ***, this is not true for ***
3: the generalization on the basis of a sample consisting of atypical cases.
条件:
1: have the similar condition条件相似
几个搭配：problematic result, indefensible conclusion, gratuitous inference (assumption)
一组词汇：
effect结果，影响effective有效的effectiveness效用affect影响influent流入的influence影响（v，n）
依托于：rest on, depend on
前提假设：assumption, assume, premise, conjecture, hypothesis
与……一致：be consistent with
因果关系词：
因为：because, since, for, result from, owing to, due to
考虑到：consider, take into account
确定：confirm, assure, identify
排除：rule out, exclude
代表：represent, stand for, be representative of
所以：so, thus, hence, therefore, consequently
相关：correlation
因果关系：causal relationship, causality
导致：lead to, result in
源于：lie in, in that
转折关系词：
虽然：though, although, while, whereas
类比：analogy, analogical deduction
推广：generalize hastily
基于：be based on, be on the basis of
按实际情况来说：as it stands
如下：as follows
种类：sort, kind, variety, type
多样：diverse, varieties of
7: Coincide with ***
8: Without ruling out the alternative explanations above, ***
9: The survey conducted by the scholars is not demographically (statistically) reliable.
2: in this condition在这样的条件下
3: in conditions of在……条件下
4: in this situation在这种场合
5: under the circumstances在这种情况下
其他句型：
1: fail to account for the possibility that *** / alternative explanations
按照：according to, in accordance with
就……而言：in terms of
一定，必然，绝对：definitely, necessarily, inevitable, inevitably, absolutely
可信的：cogent, convincing, convincible, sound, persuasive, credible, reliable, warranted
只有：only
条件：condition,experimental condition
无论：regardless of whether, no matter what/how, whatever, however, so ever (adv)
比率：rate, ratio, percentage, portion
10: Close scrutiny of the evidence the author cites reveals that this argument is not cogent as it stands.
11: Though well presented by the argument, the evidence ***
4: Conceding that ***, *** nevertheless ***
5: Admitting that ***; in fact, ***
6: Admittedly, ***; however, ***
7: In spite of ***, ***, though.
8: Reasonable as this assertion seems, it rests on the dubious reasoning.
真实的：true, authenticity (authentic), justifiable, veracity (真话)
不充分的，欠缺的：inadequate, insufficient, vague, scant
具体的：concrete, detail
缺乏：in absence of, lacking, in short of
错误类比：
1: impose the restriction that *** on ***
2: The two situations are not similar enough to justify the analogical deduction / comparability
草率推广：
1: Unless all other conditions potentially affecting *** remains constant, it is unwarranted that ***.
但是：but, yet, however, nevertheless, nonetheless
尽管：despite, in spite of
而不是：rather than, instead
相反：by contrast, in contrast
条件关系词：
只要：as long as, providing, provided, on condition (conj)
重要：important, crucial, significant, importance, significance, indispensable
不重要：dispensable, insignificant, unimportant
复杂的：sophisticated, complex, complicated
句型：
因果关系：
1: Comprehensive analysis is necessary to identify the actual cause of
2: The arguer’s reasoning linking A with B seems reasonable on the surface.
be an implication of, suggest, reflect
证明，支持：prove, substantiate, justify, lend support to, bolster
推理，推论：inference, reasoning, deduction
speculate, reason, infer that……from……, deduce
2: How much heavier is it than ***（提问比较级）
3: Men cover 20% of them.
4: What is the ratio of ***?
5: What is the percentage of the group covered by men?
6: As an indication of ***, the author cites ***.
由……组成：consist of
喜欢，倾向于：be inclined to, incline to, be fond of
加强：enhance, strengthen, reinforce
破坏：undermine, damage
引用：quote, cite, note
至于：regarding, as for
Argument必用词汇，句型及模式
1.词汇：
声称，得出结论：conclude, assert, allege, contend
论断,结果：conclusion, assertion, result, (recommendation)
说明，显示出：illustrate, demonstrate, indicate, imply, be an indication of,
cogency, persuasion, credibility
精确：precisely, accurately, exactly
充分的：assary, indispensable
necessity
不可信的，可疑的：unconvincing, inconvincible, soundless, groundless, dubious, open to doubt, doubtful, problematic, questionable, indefensible, unreliable, unfounded, unwarranted, invalid, unpersuasive, misleading
统计，数据，调查：statistics, statistically, data, survey, investigation, study, demographic,
statistical integrity
方面：respect, aspect, ground, facet
评价，评估：evaluate, assess, appraise
3: The fact that A happened after B accomplishes nothing towards bolstering the causal relationship between them.
4: The correlation between A and B (coincidence) is not a good indication of the causal relationship between them.
部分地：partially
事与愿违的：counterproductive
有害,不方便：harmful, inconvenient
无害：harmless
有好处：benefit, benefit from
为了：for the sake of
关于：with regard to, concerning, in regards to
5: Accordingly, ***
6: reach the conclusion that ***
让步句式：
1: The fact that ***, while ***, ***
2: Though ***, ***, nevertheless, ***
3: It is true that ***; however, ***
错误假设：
1: The argument rests on the gratuitous assumption that ***
2: The fundamental assumption that *** depends on the questionable fact that ***
3: The assumption requires more concrete evidence and is not justified by the facts so far available.
2: While it is true that ***, this is not true for ***
3: the generalization on the basis of a sample consisting of atypical cases.
条件:
1: have the similar condition条件相似
几个搭配：problematic result, indefensible conclusion, gratuitous inference (assumption)
一组词汇：
effect结果，影响effective有效的effectiveness效用affect影响influent流入的influence影响（v，n）
依托于：rest on, depend on
前提假设：assumption, assume, premise, conjecture, hypothesis
与……一致：be consistent with
因果关系词：
因为：because, since, for, result from, owing to, due to