漆小泉植物代谢组学及其应用

O N
CH S Gluc 3 O HO
Cyanogenic O C NH O glycosides HO
2
O
H N
N Flavonoids
OH
N H O NH2 OH
N
O O SO 3
OH
HO
O
Monoterpenes
Sesquiterpenes
Diterpenes
Triterpenes, steroids
genomics metabolomics transcriptomics
proteomics
Combining all the “omics” data will provide a clearer understanding of cell biology.
Center for Signal Transduction & Metabolomics
Center for Signal Transduction & Metabolomics
代谢组学（Metabolomics）
Metabolomics is the analysis of the total population of
metabolites in a given sample, cell or tissue and the integration of the data in the context of functional genomics
O
S Gluc N OH OH N N O SO3OH H N O O
H3 C NH
O O O OH HO
OH
N O CH3
N
OH
OH
O CH3
OH
HO
OH C O NH2 HO NH 2 OH NH2 N O OH O HO N H3 C O O OGluc OH OH N N O HO O O O S Gluc CH3 O O OH C OH O H O N O H O O C O N O SO3- O N N NH O OH OH OH O C O HO NH2 H O NH2 OH O O O NH 2 O O HO OR C O OH OGluc H3 C HCH O S 3 Gluc OH O OO OH C O OR OH H N OH O OH N OO SO3HO N O O HO O H O OH O OH O OH O OH HO O OH C O
N N
N C
NH2
H N O N
NH NH2
N H
N
O SO3N
N HO
NH2
O
C NH N NH2
N H
N H
CH N3
O
NH2
N
O
OGluc H
NH NH2
N CH3 O HO
N
OH
O S Gluc
C
O
NOGluc
Glucosinolates N
CH3 N
N
NH2 N
O C O HO
NH2
OGluc H C N
Center for Signal Transduction & Metabolomics
植物萜类代谢物具有重要功能和作用
生长发育
GA1
Br Strigolactone
适应不良环境
人体必需营养成分
H3C
CH3
CH3
CH3
H3C
CH3
CH3
CH3
H3C
CH3
b-胡萝卜素
药用化合物
次生代谢多样性的特点
The name is given to the variety of techniques used to recognise patterns in the chemicals present in biological samples in order to decipher their significance.
OH
Non-protein amino acids
HO O
OH
O
OH H C OGluc O O HO H N ON H NH OH N N N S Gluc N NH OH O C OH H O N N N N O O SO3 NH N C C C NH2 2 3 CH N NH 3 NH NH 2 H CH 2 3 2 OH N HO N NH N H O OH OH 2 CH3O HO OH HO OH N OO HSO O NOO OGluc 3 O OH H OH OGluc H N NH S H Gluc H H3 C O HO N NH O O S Gluc C NH OH OH N NH NH2 2 C H NH2 NH OH O OH C N O 2 O H OH H3 C O CH3 NH2 NH2 N OH O NH2 O SO3-NH N N O N HO O SO3 OGluc N OH 2 O OH C O O HO O O HO O SH Gluc OGluc O OH H OH S Gluc C O HO H C O S Gluc O OH H O HO O 3 O O O N C OR O OH N N O SO3 H N O C O OH O OH O O SO3OH N N OH N O O OH O SO O N H 3 O O HO H O C O OH O OH OH O O HO O OO H OH OR OH HO OH O O O OH HO O H O HO C CH3 O HO OH 3 O O H O O OR OH O OOH O C O O O OH OH H C CH3 OH 3 N O OH OH OH O OH O OH OH OH O HO N O HO O O N O HO O O H O OH O O OH NN O HO O O HO N O OH OOR OH O HO CH3O OH O N N OH OH O H H CO OH CH3 O CH3 3 O OH O O H C CH OHOH H 3 OH OH O C O O 3 OH O O OH O OH OH N NH OH OH O H OH O O O OH O C O HO O NH N NH O OH C NH 2 O O HO 2 OH O OOH NH COH 2O O O NH2 O H HO OR NH O H3 C CH3 O 2 OH HO NH HC CH3 OGluc 2 O HO O OH 3 OH O O H3 C CH3 O OH O OR OH O S Gluc OGluc O OH O OH O OH O O C C O O S Gluc OH H OO N OH C O O C O O N HO O SO3H O HO O HON N O O O O OH O OH N OR O SO OH O N O OH O O H 3 OR O OH O O HO O OH H C O O O C O
次生代谢物是很多中药的主要成分
Traditional Chinese Medicines
Center for Signal Transduction & Metabolomics
Natural products as drugs
人体需要的特殊营养物质主要来源于植物
CH3 HO H3C CH3 O
植物代谢组学更具有挑战性
Other areas of impact:
environmental
genomics food quality, diagnostics inter organism signalling bioactive compounds Metabolomics research is particularly important in the plant field because collectively produce a huge variety of chemical compounds, far more than animals and even microorganism.
从组学到分子系统生物学
DNA RNA Proteins
OH OH O HO OH OH OH OH NH2 O
Genomics
Transcriptomics
Proteomics
Metabolites
Metabolomics
Traits
Phenomics
From 漆小泉等《植物代谢组学-方法与应用》2011年
C
O OH O
OH
NH2
OGluc
HO
C
O
3
植物合成二十多万种不同的化合物 （主要为次生代谢物）
O C HO
NH2 O
H N
C
NH
NH2
NH2
N HO
OGluc N N O NH2 C H OGluc N
Fra Baidu bibliotekH NH
NH NH2
N N
S
N
OGluc H C
O
N
S Gluc
C
N
N
N
CH3
O
Alkaloids HO N
基因组、代谢组学研究加快代谢途径的解析
Yeast Model unicellular eukaryote
Arabidopsis – Model plant Reference species Crops
Chinese herbs and other plant species(>250,000)
代谢组学（Metabolomics）
维生素 E
H3C
叶酸
H3C
CH3
CH3
CH3
OH
CH3
O
OH
CH3
CH3
CH3
H3C
HO
O
b-胡萝卜素
异黄酮 (植物雌激素)
维生素缺乏导致人体多种疾病的发生
维生素A缺乏导 致眼睛疾病。 我国儿童VA缺 乏率达9.3%
维生素C缺 乏导致坏血 病
维生素E缺 乏导致皮肤 病、早衰等
叶酸缺乏导致 新生儿神经系 统疾病、贫血 等
Amines
Polyketides
Polyacetylenes, fatty acids, waxes
植物次生代谢物合成的模式
Early step
Backbone
P450s, GTs, etc
Final product
Center for Signal Transduction & Metabolomics
——特定的种属合成并积累特异的代谢物
Quinolizidine alkaloids
Steroidal alkaloids
Mono- and sesquiterpenes
Center for Signal Transduction & Metabolomics
From Wink, M. Phytochemistry 64:3 (2003)
植物产生次生代谢物适应不良自然环境
• Pollination and seed dispersal
Scents
Colours
Flavours
• Chemical defence
Pests
Pathogens
Allelopathy
Center for Signal Transduction & Metabolomics
HO
OR OH
HO
O
O OH O O HO OH OH O OH OH
O
OH O
H3 C O
C
OH
O
OH
O O O O CH3
O OH
HO HO
N N
O OH OH O OR H N NH O NH2
OH
H3 C
N
HO CH 3
C
O
O O O
O
N
O
OH
O
O
NH2 O O
Center for Signal Transduction & Metabolomics HO
次生代谢与植物发育有着不可分割的联系
Glandular trichomes
Spearmint
Thyme
Trichomes – monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes
Lemon
Secretory cavity
Center for Signal Transduction & Metabolomics
植物代谢组学及其应用
漆小泉 中国科学院植物研究所 植物分子生理重点实验室
Center for Signal Transduction & Metabolomics
N
N H N
C H CH3 N
NH2
H
O C HO
NH2 O
NH
O O HO
N H
O
N
O SO3-
NH2
OH
OGluc H C N
HO
N O H
Metabolomics is a new “omics”. The name metabolomics was coined in the 1990s:

The first paper using the word metabolome is Oliver, S. G., Winson, M. K., Kell, D. B. & Baganz, F. (1998). Systematic functional analysis of the yeast genome. Trends Biotechnol.16(9): 373-8