科技英语构词法和单词
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Launching site flying-suit navigating instrument
4.+n.+v.ing
paper-making ship-building Machine-shaping
5.
By-product + Make-up + Out-of-door ++ Pick-me-up ++
up back forward
Flow flow
egthe flow of electricity
Stand stand
2.3 Derivation
50 5030
( )"-ane"
"-ene""-yne""-ol""-al" "-yl""""""" """"
1.""
a dis im-
asexual atypical; asymmetry; asocial disproportion disorder discontinue immaterialimpurity
impossible ir- irregularirresistibleirresoluble un- unspecializedunsystematic
self-accusation
tele- television teleconference telecontrol
hydro- hydroaeroplane hydrocarbon;
photo- photoactivephotocatalysis photochemical
thermo- thermocouplethermostability thermoanalysis
intramolecular
over- overbridgeoverwrite...
super-
superstructure
supervise
5.
super-
superprofit
supersecrecysupertrain
over-
overemphasize
overeatovereducate
1.+
new-type long-time quick-change
2.+
i+
ii+
chinese-speaking people sound-absorbing material man-made satellite
3.+
Hard-working far-ranging well-known newly-invented
octane
octyl
octene
octyne octanol octyl aldehyde
nine non(a)- nonane nonyl nonene nonyne nonanol nonyl aldehyde
ten dec(a)- decane decyl decene decyne decanol decyl aldehyde
mis- misarrange misunderstand mistranslate
auto- automation autotimer autosuggestion
inter-
interaction interview
interweave
self-
selfish self-abandoned
power
power
knowledge knowledge
2.
Machine machine
Bottle bottle
Oil
oilegoil the car
Picture picture
Clean Dry Better
clean dry better
Up Back Forward
ethanal;
ethylene acetylene alcohol ethyl aldehyde
three four five
tri-
tetraquadripent(a)-
propane butane
propyl butyl
pentane pentyl
propene butene
propyne propanol propyl aldehyde butyne butanol butyl aldehyde
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
deci- decigram (1/10)decimeter
centi- centimeter centigram
nano-
nanometer
nanosecond10-9
milli- millimetermillilitre milligram
micro- micrometer microamperemicrobe
pentene pentyne pentanol
pentanal
six hex(a)- hexane hexyl hexene hexyne hexanol
hexanal
seven hept(a)- heptane heptyl heptene heptyne heptanol
heptanal
eight oct(a)-
unaffected ; in- informalincompleteincoherent non- nonwhitenon-uniform
2.
anti- antinoiseanticlockwise antibioticantitank
contra- contramissile contrarotation
-ness usefulnessblindnessweakness
-ability adaptability useability readability
-ibility reversibility sensibility conductibility
2.
-ize .....
modernize
4.+
Free-cutting direct-acting Ready-made ill-equipped
5.+
paper-thin colour-blind skin-deep ; ;
2.2 Conversion
1.
form
form
heat
heat
II
-ist scientistchemistgeologist
III
-ment movement medicamentpigment
-tion
calculation consideration preparation
-sion
transmission discussion
-age
leakage barragegarbage
-ent consistent different dependent
-ous continuous olivaceous poisonous
-like wavelike steelike childlike
-able acceptable changeable inflammable
-ible convertible flexible digestible
counter- counteraction countercurrent
3.
demi-
demicontinuous
demifixeddemilune
semi- semi-insulating semicircle semiconductor
hemi-
hemispherehemiparasite
Water vapor = vapor of water
Pollution problem = problem concerning pollution
2.+adj.+n.
Blueprint
periodic table
mixed-powder
atomic weight
3.+v.ing+n.
IV
-th
length
-ty
safety
-ity facility personalitynationality
-ure
pressure temperaturedeparture
-ence difference existenceconfidence
-ance resistance brillianceignorance
IBM: International Business Machines corporation
CPU: Central Processing Unit ppm10-6 parts per million CAD: Computer Aided Design SOS: Save Our Souls SHEStandard Hydrogen Electrode
poly-
polymer
polyfunctionalpolyacid
4.
par(a)-
Paradichlorobenzene
ortho-
orthodichlorobenzene
met(a)- metadichlorobenzene
inter-
interatomic
intra-
electro- electrobathelectrochemistry electrode
chloric chloride chlorinate / chlorine
1.
I
-or supervisortranslatorprotector
-er computer worker turnertinner
ultra-
ultrasonic ultraviolet
ultrared
extra-
extrahazardous
extramolecular
6.
en-
enlarge enlighten
enwind
re- reproducereprint renumber
sub- () subgroup subsurface subtropics
industrializenormalize
-fyify
simplify
gasifypurifyelectrify
-en
strengthen
softenshortendeepenquicken
3.
-ly ......
carefully
conditionallypractically
-ward(s) ....
2.1 Composition
1.+n.+ n.
Steel pipe = pipe made of steel
Carbon steel = steel which contains carbon mainly
Rust resistance = ability to resist rust
-ful
useful careful
forgetfulcheerfulpeaceful
-less colorless countless uselesstireless
2.4 Shortening
EST: English for Science and Technology TOEFL: Test of English as a foreigh Language
hemiplegia
uni- unicoil unipolar unidirectionalunicellular
mono- monochromatic monoatomicmonoxide
di-
diacid
dioxidediatomic
kilo-
kilogramkilometer
kilocaloriekiloampere
-ane -yl -ene alkane alkyl Alkene
-yne -ol alkyne alcohol
-al aldehyde
one mono- methane methyl
-
-
methanol methyl aldehyde
two
di-;
bi-
ethane
ethyl
ethene, ethyne; ethanol;
backward
upwardsdownwards
-wise clockwise otherwisecontrariwise
4.----
-y
hardy grassy
windysilkysilvery
-al
frictionalperiodical
logical
-ic
energetic
-ant resistant ...abundant assistantaccordant
4.+n.+v.ing
paper-making ship-building Machine-shaping
5.
By-product + Make-up + Out-of-door ++ Pick-me-up ++
up back forward
Flow flow
egthe flow of electricity
Stand stand
2.3 Derivation
50 5030
( )"-ane"
"-ene""-yne""-ol""-al" "-yl""""""" """"
1.""
a dis im-
asexual atypical; asymmetry; asocial disproportion disorder discontinue immaterialimpurity
impossible ir- irregularirresistibleirresoluble un- unspecializedunsystematic
self-accusation
tele- television teleconference telecontrol
hydro- hydroaeroplane hydrocarbon;
photo- photoactivephotocatalysis photochemical
thermo- thermocouplethermostability thermoanalysis
intramolecular
over- overbridgeoverwrite...
super-
superstructure
supervise
5.
super-
superprofit
supersecrecysupertrain
over-
overemphasize
overeatovereducate
1.+
new-type long-time quick-change
2.+
i+
ii+
chinese-speaking people sound-absorbing material man-made satellite
3.+
Hard-working far-ranging well-known newly-invented
octane
octyl
octene
octyne octanol octyl aldehyde
nine non(a)- nonane nonyl nonene nonyne nonanol nonyl aldehyde
ten dec(a)- decane decyl decene decyne decanol decyl aldehyde
mis- misarrange misunderstand mistranslate
auto- automation autotimer autosuggestion
inter-
interaction interview
interweave
self-
selfish self-abandoned
power
power
knowledge knowledge
2.
Machine machine
Bottle bottle
Oil
oilegoil the car
Picture picture
Clean Dry Better
clean dry better
Up Back Forward
ethanal;
ethylene acetylene alcohol ethyl aldehyde
three four five
tri-
tetraquadripent(a)-
propane butane
propyl butyl
pentane pentyl
propene butene
propyne propanol propyl aldehyde butyne butanol butyl aldehyde
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
deci- decigram (1/10)decimeter
centi- centimeter centigram
nano-
nanometer
nanosecond10-9
milli- millimetermillilitre milligram
micro- micrometer microamperemicrobe
pentene pentyne pentanol
pentanal
six hex(a)- hexane hexyl hexene hexyne hexanol
hexanal
seven hept(a)- heptane heptyl heptene heptyne heptanol
heptanal
eight oct(a)-
unaffected ; in- informalincompleteincoherent non- nonwhitenon-uniform
2.
anti- antinoiseanticlockwise antibioticantitank
contra- contramissile contrarotation
-ness usefulnessblindnessweakness
-ability adaptability useability readability
-ibility reversibility sensibility conductibility
2.
-ize .....
modernize
4.+
Free-cutting direct-acting Ready-made ill-equipped
5.+
paper-thin colour-blind skin-deep ; ;
2.2 Conversion
1.
form
form
heat
heat
II
-ist scientistchemistgeologist
III
-ment movement medicamentpigment
-tion
calculation consideration preparation
-sion
transmission discussion
-age
leakage barragegarbage
-ent consistent different dependent
-ous continuous olivaceous poisonous
-like wavelike steelike childlike
-able acceptable changeable inflammable
-ible convertible flexible digestible
counter- counteraction countercurrent
3.
demi-
demicontinuous
demifixeddemilune
semi- semi-insulating semicircle semiconductor
hemi-
hemispherehemiparasite
Water vapor = vapor of water
Pollution problem = problem concerning pollution
2.+adj.+n.
Blueprint
periodic table
mixed-powder
atomic weight
3.+v.ing+n.
IV
-th
length
-ty
safety
-ity facility personalitynationality
-ure
pressure temperaturedeparture
-ence difference existenceconfidence
-ance resistance brillianceignorance
IBM: International Business Machines corporation
CPU: Central Processing Unit ppm10-6 parts per million CAD: Computer Aided Design SOS: Save Our Souls SHEStandard Hydrogen Electrode
poly-
polymer
polyfunctionalpolyacid
4.
par(a)-
Paradichlorobenzene
ortho-
orthodichlorobenzene
met(a)- metadichlorobenzene
inter-
interatomic
intra-
electro- electrobathelectrochemistry electrode
chloric chloride chlorinate / chlorine
1.
I
-or supervisortranslatorprotector
-er computer worker turnertinner
ultra-
ultrasonic ultraviolet
ultrared
extra-
extrahazardous
extramolecular
6.
en-
enlarge enlighten
enwind
re- reproducereprint renumber
sub- () subgroup subsurface subtropics
industrializenormalize
-fyify
simplify
gasifypurifyelectrify
-en
strengthen
softenshortendeepenquicken
3.
-ly ......
carefully
conditionallypractically
-ward(s) ....
2.1 Composition
1.+n.+ n.
Steel pipe = pipe made of steel
Carbon steel = steel which contains carbon mainly
Rust resistance = ability to resist rust
-ful
useful careful
forgetfulcheerfulpeaceful
-less colorless countless uselesstireless
2.4 Shortening
EST: English for Science and Technology TOEFL: Test of English as a foreigh Language
hemiplegia
uni- unicoil unipolar unidirectionalunicellular
mono- monochromatic monoatomicmonoxide
di-
diacid
dioxidediatomic
kilo-
kilogramkilometer
kilocaloriekiloampere
-ane -yl -ene alkane alkyl Alkene
-yne -ol alkyne alcohol
-al aldehyde
one mono- methane methyl
-
-
methanol methyl aldehyde
two
di-;
bi-
ethane
ethyl
ethene, ethyne; ethanol;
backward
upwardsdownwards
-wise clockwise otherwisecontrariwise
4.----
-y
hardy grassy
windysilkysilvery
-al
frictionalperiodical
logical
-ic
energetic
-ant resistant ...abundant assistantaccordant