全国英语基础知识竞赛
第四届全国中学生英语基础知识竞赛
NATIONAL ENGLISH BASIC KNOWLEDGE COMPETITION
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which color does the man like?
A. Green.
B.Blue.
C.Brown.
2. What is Mr. Smith doing?
A. Answering the phone.
B.Having a meeting.
C.Writing a sales report. --
3. What does the man remind the woman to do?
A. Go to a party.
B.Turn on the light.
C.Turn off the computer.
4。What day is it today?
A. Monday.
B.Saturday.
C.Sunday.
5. What is the woman satisfied with about her new job?
A. The salary.
B.The freedom.
C.Her boss.
笫二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. How many kids does the man have?
A．One． B．Two. C．Three．
7. What type of car is the man looking for?
A. Big and comfortable.
B.Cheap and fast.
C.Small and cheap
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What is true about Miss Yang's dress?
A. It is quite cheap.
B. It is one of the most popular styles.
C. It was designed by her friend.
9. What does the woman probably do? .
A. She is a designer.
B. She is a model
C. She is a saleswoman
听第 8段材料,回答第 10至 12题。
10. What will Amy do during the summer time?
A. Work at Microsoft.
B. Teach in a high school.
C. Do someresearch.
11. When do the speakers plan to meet?
A. In June.
B. In August.
C. In September.
12. Where will the speakers meet?
A. In New York.
B. In California.
C. In Seattle.
听第9段材料,回答第 13至 16题。
13. What will the woman drink?
A. Orange juice.
B. Water.
C. Tea
14. Why didn't the man choose the house in the south of the river?
A. It's not big enough.
B. It's too expensive.
C. It's faaway from his office
15. What does the woman say about the kitchen?
A. It's not bright enough.
B. The window lets in a lot of light.
C. Everything is made in Germany.
16. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At the man's apartment.
B. At the woman's apartment.
C. At the office in Houston.
听第 10段材料,回答第 17至 20题。
17. When did the Berlin Wall come down?
A. 1961.
B. 1981.C．1989.
18. How does the speaker describe Berlin today?
A. It is an open place.
B. It is still rebuilding itself.
C. It is the birthplace of many artists.
19. What can we learn about Berlin's nightlife?
A. Most nightclubs are run by Eastern Europeans.
B. Most people wait for the weekend to go out.
C. Many people think highly of its nightclubs.
20. According to the speaker,what is the main reason why people come to Berlin?
A. It is not expensive.
B.It has nice restaurants.
C.It is a historic capital city.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中．选出最佳选项，并将答案写在题后的答题表中。
A
While Beethoven showed talent at an early age,he became famous by moving to Viennaand composing for wealthy supporters who allowed him to become the first independent
composer. He was a talented piano player who introduced a new type of music,which was wellreceived by his audience.
In Vienna,many of Beethoven's supporters were rich citizens. His first public concert inVienna occurred on March 29,1795. Scholars believe this concert included his first piano concerto (协奏曲 ) in C Major. After this concert,he published" Opus 1",which quickly earned success with critics and financial supporters.
As he entered the 1800s,Beethoven continued publishing many more works that showed his talent. In 1804,Beethovenopened"Symphony No.3",in honor of Napoleon,who had just declared himself Emperor. Later he renamed this symphony"Erotica"as he grew desperate with Napoleon.
While composing his great works,Beethoven was also becoming deaf. Works during this period of his life included" Midnight Sonata". However,the disease continued and by the concert of his"Symphony No. 9",Beethoven was unable tohear the thunderous applause of his audience and had to tum to see their approval. Beethoven produced over 200 songs aswell as a number of shorter orchestral works and several choral pieces,many of which he never heard played.
21. What can be the best title for the text?
A. What Are Beethoven's Great Works
B. Why Did Beethoven Become aMusician
C.How Did Beethoven Become Famous
D. Where Did Beethoven Become a Composer
22. Beethoven moved to Vienna in order to _____.
A. get the rich's support
B. do a big deal
C. meet Napoleon
D. introduce a new type of music
23. Beethoven's original purpose of opening" Symphony No.3"is_____.
A. to show his talent for music
B. to hold his first public concert
C. to earn financial support
D. to celebrate Napoleon's becoming Emperor
24. What probably led to Beethoven's going deaf?
A. A wound in the war.
B. A serious disease.
C. His disappointment with Napoleon.
D. The thunderous applause of his audience
B
Here are threebest hotels in San Francisco for you to choose from.
Omni Hotel
Price:from $247.00
Location:500 California Street,San Francisco
The hotel faces the California Street Cable Car line and is located two blocks from Chinatown,five blocks from thesidewalk cafés of North Beach and 14 miles from San Francisco International Airport.
The362 guestrooms include high-speed Internet access,cordless phones,voicemail,coffee makers,irons and ironingboards,CD clock radios,cable TV,
and LodgeNet movies and Nintendo video games.
Hotel Features:
●Fitnessfacility ●Kids allowed
●Business●Meeting room
●Dining ●Pets allowed
●Nonsmoking ●Wheelchair access
●Dry cleaning
Hotel Property Information:
Rooms:362 Floors:17
Hotel Abri
Price:from $169.00
Location:127 Ellis Street,San Francisco
Hotel Abri is located in the heart of downtown,a perfect destination for both the business and leisure travelers. Nearbyattractions,just a short walk away,include the Museum of Modern Art and Yerba Buena Center for the Arts.
The rooms include wireless Internet,newspapers,irons and ironing boards,large work desks,refrigerators,minibars,coffee and tea makers,and more.
Hotel Features:
●Meeting room●Dataport
●Dining●Petsallowed
●Dry cleaning●Wheelchair access
●Nonsmoking● Room service
Hotel Property Information:
Rooms:91 Floors:5
Hotel Fusion
Price: from$170.00
Location:140 Ellis Street,San Francisco
Located in the heart of San Francisco,this hotel is located at the heart of all that guests will want to go and see in thecity.
Each room features a bathroom with shower and hairdryer as well as a direct dial telephone,radio,safe, Internetaccess,and tea and coffee making facilities. Individually regulated air conditioning and central heating also feature in allguest rooms as standard. A continental breakfast is served each morning.
Hotel Features:
●Continental breakfast●Safe
●Air-conditioned in common areas ●24h. Reception
Hotel Property Information:
Rooms:101 Floors:5
25. This text is likely to be_____.
A. a traveling guide
B. an art show review
C. an advertisement
D. an official report
26. From the text,what can we learn about Hotel Abri?
A. You can smoke in the hotel.
B. The hotel is close to some art attractions.
C. There is no place for you to work in it.
D. It is not in the center of San Francisco.
27. What services are offered in all of the three hotels?
A. Hairdryer and iron.
B. Cable TV and telephone.
C.Internet access and coffee maker.
D.Individually air conditioning and refrigerator.
C
Most kids are especially nervous about the first day of college. I know I was! It's perfectly normal to feel nervous anda bit unsure about that very important first day. You might feel a bit sick or squeamish(神经脆弱的) and you may even feel like you have a billion butterflies throwing a party in your stomach. Just remember,you're not alone! Many hundredsof thousands of kids all over the world are feeling all the same things as you on their very first day of college. And they survive-just like you will!
Many of my students tell me at the end of that very first day that it wasn't nearly as bad as they'd expected. Yousee,our minds are very powerful things! The brain can expect the future to be horrible,blowing it into something scary anddebilitating(今人虚弱的). The real future,when you actually get there,is often not so bad.
So take this risk-one bold step might change your life forever. Dare to imagine a brighter first day,a better startupweek,an encouraging first year at college. And tell yourself it'll be okay.
"I'll find my way. ""Someone will help me.""I'll work out my timetable.""My bag won't be so heavy tomorrow!"
Many students are actually truly excited about beginning college. The excitement of a whole new environment,newsubjects,responsibilities and friends is something they are looking forward to and are ready to hug.
No matter what position you're in-whether you are nervous or excited-just remember your first day of collegeonlyhappens once,and will go faster than you can blink(贬眼). So get on with it and enjoy your first day!
28. The passage is written mainly for_____.
A. collegeteachers
B. college freshers
C. high school students
D. the freshers'parents
29. What does the author really want to tell us in Paragraph l?
A. The author was not nervous at all on his/her first day.
B. Many college freshers keep butterflies on campus.
C. All kids are nervous about the first day of college.
D.It's common for college freshers to be nervous on the first day.
30. According to the author,the first day of college is often _____.
A. scary
B. debilitating
C. horrible
D. valuable
31. We can infer from the passage that the author is a _____.
A. teacher
B. fresher
C. writer
D. scientist
D
Fran Fulton is 66,and she's been fully blind for about 10 years. A few weeks ago,all that changed
Fulton suffers from retinitis pigmentosa-an eye disease that slowly causes light-sensitive cells in the retina(视网膜)to die off. Over the course of several years she lost her sight,and for the past 10 years she hasn't been able to see anythingat all. But in late July,Fulton was equipped with a system called the Argus II,developed by a company,Second Sight.
What's the experience like?
"When they 'turned me on',I can only speak it was absolutely the most breathtaking experience," she says. "Myheart started beating so fast that I had to put my hand on my chest because I thought it was going to pop."
The ArgusII system is made up of three parts:a pair of glasses,a transformer boxand an electrode array (电极阵列). The glasses are simply a vehicle for the camera. The image from the camera is thensent down into a transformer boxthat can be carried in a purse or pocket. This box sends signals to the electrode array in the patient's retina. Essentially,what the Argus II does is jumping over the cells that retinitis pigmentosa has killed to get visual signals to the brain.
For patients,though,the whole thing is remarkably simple. The surgery to equip the electrodes takes just a few hoursand then patients go home. After about a week,patients return to get the glasses and to receive training on how to use thesystem. Then they go home with their new pair of eyes.
Fulton,however,says it's difficult to describe exactly what she sees. "People say you'll see shapes," she says.
32. The reason why Fulton lost her sight is that _____.
A. she was too old to see anything
B. she was blind when she was born
C. she had an accident when she was young
D. she had an eye disease over 10 years ago
33. How does Fulton find the experience of using the Argus II?
A.Exciting.
B.Tiring.
C.Sleepy.
D.Painful.
34. Which of the following correctly shows how the Argus II works?
(B = brain; C = camera; E = electrode array; I = image; T= transformer box) A.C→I→T→E→B B.C→T→I→E→B
C.C→I→E→T→B
D.C→E→T→I→B
35. What might be the author's purpose in writing the text? .
A. To advertise a surgery to cure eye diseases.
B. To describe the surgery to equip the Argus II.
C. To introduce a vision restoring system,the Argus II.
D. To report an old woman suffering from retinitis pigmentosa.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在题后的答题表中。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Like most kids, when I was growing up I rode my bike almost every day. The sense of freedom found peddling around the back roads of rural Indiana and my adult life
were ill-matched. But with my first car, I made many friends and discovered plenty of new roads.__36___
All of that changed last summer when I bought a used bike. After a bit of reparation at the local bike shop, I was off peddling and exploring. Instead, I learned more about my neighborhood every day. ___37___
Bicycles are freedom. Bicycles allow you to be free to roam your small corner of the world at your own leisure.___38___ You can explore, wander, ride down every side street and stop to smell the roses.
____39__As a person that grew up in the country, adjusting to riding in the city was a scary proposition. Luckily many cities have made their communities more bicycle-friendly, including dedicated bike lanes, bike trails, bike share programs and plenty of bike racks for parking.
You’ll see your neighborhood from a whole new perspective. ______You’ll notice all the great homes, buildings and natural beauty that co-exit to make your community so unique.
Bicycling can be great exercise. With the wind in your hair and plenty of places to visit, you’ll find that bicycling will quickly become a fun, exhilarating(令人愉快的)chance to get exercise.
A. In the process I’ve rediscovered many of the great life lessons.
B. Bicycling is a perfect group activity for neighbors.
C. You’ll quickly discover all the character your neighborhood has.
D. The bicycle couldn’t hold my attention any more.
E. The bicycle lost all its charm to kids.
F. Cities are becoming more bicycle-friendly.
G. You’re free to do what you like.
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中．选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在题后的答题表中。
As a child in school, we were usually taught to be positive about __41__. We should love our families and friends, we should get __42___to nature, and we should frequently do ___43__to keep healthy, etc. We believe good people always have peace and bad people are always___44__. We believe___45__can always beat evil.
However, being positive about life does not always have good__46___on life itself, because it may cause self-overvaluation and thus keep us away from the__47__.For instance, a(n)___48__optimistic general may still decide to order to attack his enemy though he is at a ___49__weak position. An overly optimistic student may choose not to study hard any more since he or she has already got good__50___.
In most cases being___51__is definitely not good in life. Before we set about doing something, a negative attitude could make us__52___and thus end up never starting it. Furthermore, even when we begin to do it, a negative attitude could__53___us from doing it well enough.
On the other hand, sometimes being a little bit negative can be__54___foe us. For example, a negative___55__on future expectation may make a student work harder
and may probably get good exam results. A negative expectation on ___56__may make a manager keep an eye on lowering the cost and many achieve some___57__profits.
Therefore, in order to plan something and__58___eventually, we should have both positive and negative attitudes. A little positivity can make us active and passionate, 59 a little negativity can make us careful and motivated. Only in this60can we do a good analysis and always perform excellently.
41.A.study B.school C.life D.future
42. A. used B. close C. down D. back
43. A. researches B. sports C. surveys D. chores
44.A.praised B.refused C.killed D.punished
45.A.kindness B.beauty C.courage D.wisdom
46.A. opinions B. impressions C. influences D. judgments
47. A. experience B. condition C. situation D. reality
48.A.overly B.properly C.perfectly D.reasonably
49. A. hardly B. regularly C. relatively D. strangely
50.A.results B.memories C.abilities D.chances
51.A.positive B.negative C.changeable D.flexible
52. A. overambitious B. overactive C. overacting D. overcautious
53.A.protect B.save C.stop D. push
54. A. hopeful B. helpful C. thankful D. careful
55.A.view B.discussion C.advice D.pity
56.A.business B.task C.routine D.theory
57. A. unforgotten B. undiscovered C. unmentioned D. unexpected
58.A.fail B.succeed C.escape D.design
59. A. or B. and C. so D. while
60.A. organizationB. opinionC.wayD. section
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dreaming big dreams about the future is easy for kids. 61 only thing standing in the way is time. Kids' dreams arenot about skills, opportunities, _ 62 even practicality.Those things come much _63 (late).
If you 64(not take) the time to talk to a child about their future dreams-you should. As we get older we sometimes forget that dreams fuel our hopes-and that's something ___65___is necessary for all of us.
My grandson hopes to be a__66 (profession) soccer player when he grows up. A small piece of his dream came true when his Boys and Girls Club was invited to participate in one of the pregame 67 (activity) with the Seattle Sounders Football Club.
He got to suit up in areal jersey(毛织运动衫)and walk on the field with areal player. Imagine a young soccer player68 (look) up to who he hopes to be one day. So,do you still dream? Or have you left those childhood thoughts behind? Spending time with children will inspire you _69 (believe) again. We're never too old to dream,even if our dreams change over time. All we need 70 (be) bigger
thoughts,a heart full of hope,and willingness to work for the dream.
61._______ 62._______ 63._______ 64._______ 65._______
66._______ 67._______ 68._______ 69._______ 70._______
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：把缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was a little boy, I was never be good at school. Instead going to school,I used to hang up everywhere because I hated everything about school. I fell after everyone I grew up with. But in high school, I got interesting in my study with the help of Miss Miller. Every times my grades were bad,she would sit with me but give me advice on how to improve my grades. Almost every day in her class,she will help me patiently. Now Ifeel more comfortably because I know I have aawesome teacher to help me go through any difficulty.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是李华，计划暑假期间去美国进行为期六周的足球训练。下面的广告引起了你的注意。请给该夏令营．1不
写一封信，询问相关情况（箭头所指内容）。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：住宿accommodation；课程
session________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______
高考全真模拟卷（七）
听力原文
Textl
M:Would you like to see those shirts in green and blue? These two colors are in this season.
M:Oh,actually,brownis my favorite color,but I'd prefer something made ofcotton Text2
W:Hold on, please... Mr. Smith is in a meeting at the moment. Can I help you? M:Well, I want to discuss the sales report with him.
Text 3
M:Sally,are you going out?
W:Oh,yes,Dad. Alice invited me to her birthday party. I almost forgot aboutit. I should go now.
M: Wait a minute. I guess you have forgotten something else. The light in yourroom is still on,and you haven't turned off your compute.
Text 4
W:I need to find a post office so I can mail this letter
M:There is one around the corner. But it closes earlier on Sunday,so you'dbetter hurry.
W:Oh, I should have done this on Saturday.
Text5
M:How do you like your new job?
W:I' m not very happy about the salary,but it's a job that allows me a lot offreedom. Text6
M:Good morning. I want to buy a new car.
W:What type of car do you want?
M:Well, I've got a wife and two children,and I don't drive very fast.
W:Do you drive a lot?
M: No, not really. And I haven't got a lot of money. I just want a small,cheap
W:Well, I’ve got just the car for you. Look at this,it's great. It's smallerand cheaper than a family car. It's quite fast,and it only costs...
Text 7
M: Hello,Miss Yang. I haven't seen you for almost two weeks. How are you?
W:Oh, I'm fine. I just came back from a fashion show in London.
M:Wow! It must have been very interesting. Look! What a beautiful dressyou are wearing! Did you let it from the fashion show?
W:Yeah,it is one of the most popular styles that was presented at the fashion M: It must be expensive. Do you know who designed it?
W:Of course. I am the designer! And I actually won a prize at the fashionshow in London for this design.
M:Congratulations. You definitely deserve the prize.
Text 8
M: Hello,Amy. It's almost summer time. What's your plan?
W:I got a part-time job at Microsoft.
M:Great! I'm going to work for my professor for one month.
W:That's good. You'll get to do a lot of research.
M:Yeah. I plan to use the other month for vacation.
W:Me,too. I'II also be taking August off.
M:Where do you plan to go?
W:There are so many places I want to go. New York City,Niagara Falls,California... M:I know. I want to go to those places,too. Maybe we can go together.
W: Sure. I'd love to.
M:Let's make a plan when August gets closer. You know how to find me.
W:Yes. I'll leave you my cellphone number so you can find me in Seattle,and we can leave from there
M：Great!
Text9
M:Hey,come in! Do you want some tea or something? I have some orangejuice in my fridge,too.
W:Some water would be great.
W:Thanks.I like your place! When did you move in?
M:Three weeks ago. It was really hard to find. I spent over a month looking atapartments in the east side of the town. Most of the places I saw were terrible. W:Did you try looking south of the river?
M:Yes. My sister lives there,but it was too expensive for me.
W:Well,you have a nice kitchen. The big window makes the room reallybright.
M:Yeah,the kitchen's great. The fridge was made in Germany.
W: It looks more expensive than the one we have at the office. Say,will yoube attending our team meeting on Monday?
M:No, I'll be traveling to our Houston office that day.
Text 10
Welcome to Berlin! Berlin is the capital of Germany,and it's famousfor its history. World War II had a big effect on the city,and then the BerlinWall cut the
city in two from 1961 t0 1989. But it's been over 20 years sincethe Wall came down, and Berlin has already been rebuilt. It's a place forpeople from all over the world to live,especially artists and musicians. Berlinis known as a friendly,open place with exciting nightlife. Young people canbe seen in bars and nightclubs every night of the week. Many people considerBerlin' s nightclubs the best in Europe. Most of them are in the eastern partof the city. But probably the biggest reason people come to Berlin in that it'smuch cheaper than other capital cities in Europe. Apartments are half theprice of those in London or Paris,and restaurants here are very affordable.
1-5 CBCCB 6-10 BCBAA 11-15 BCBBB 16-20 ACACA
21．C标题归纳题。根据文章第一段及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍贝多芬是如何成名的。故选C。
22.A细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“...he became famous by moving to Vienna and' composing for wealthy supporters who allowed him to become the first independent composer.”可知，他搬到维也纳的目的是要得到富人的支持。故选A。
23.D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Beethoven opened“Symphony No.3”,in honor of Napoleon,who had just declared himself Emperor.”可知，答案选D。
24．B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“However，the disease continued…”可知，贝多芬是因为生病而变聋的。故选B。
25．C推理判断题。文章介绍了三家旧金山的酒店，是一篇广告。故选C。
26．B细节理解题。根据对“Hotel Abri”的介绍可知，这家酒店位于市中心，是无烟酒店，房间里有办公桌可以办公，该酒店附近有艺术博物馆和艺术中心。故选B。
27.C缅节理解题。根据文章内容可知，三家酒店共有的服务是互联网接入和咖啡机。故选C。28．B推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Most kids are especially nervous about the first day of college.”可知，本文的写作对象是大学新生。故选B。
29.D写作目的题。作者在文章第一段想告诉我们的是：新生开学第一天感到紧张很常见。故选D。
30.D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，答案为D。
31．A细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Many of my students tell me...”可推知，作者是一位教师。故选A。
32.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Fulton suffers from retinitis pigmentosa,..Over the course of several years she lost her sight,and for thepast 10 years she hasn't been able to see anything at all.”可知，Fulton在经历了几年的眼病后失明，而她完全失明已经十年了。故选D。
33.A推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“，，：it was absolutely the most breathtaking experience...7’和“My heart started beating so fast that I had to put my hand on my chest because I thought it was going to pop.”可知，Fulton非常激动以至于心跳加快。故选A。
34．A细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知，照相机形成图像传至转换盒进行转换后传至电极列阵，最后传至大脑。故选A。
35.C写作目的题。本文主要通过讲述一位罹患眼病而双目失明的老人经过植入Argus II系统而重见光明的故事来介绍视力恢复系统ArgusⅡ。故选C。
36-40 DAGFC
41．C句意为：作为一个孩子，在学校，我们通常被教导要对生活采取积极的态度。根据下
文中的“However，being positive about life does not…”可知，答案选c。
42．B句意为：我们应该爱我们的家人和朋友，我们应该接近大自然，我们应该经常做运动保持健康，等等。get close to是固定短语，意为“靠近，接近”。get used to习惯于；get down to开始做；get back to回到。故选B。
43.B do sports圊定短语，意为“做运动”。根据下文的“keep healthy”可知答案。do researches做研究；do surveys做调查；do chores做家务。故选B。
44.D句意为：我们相信好人总会平安无事而坏人总会受到惩罚。故选D。
45．A句意为：我们相信善总是战胜恶。此处应与下文的“evil"相对，故用“善良”。故选A。
46.C句意为：然而，积极面对生活并不总是对生活本身有良好的影响。have influences on 是固定短语，意为“对……有影响”。故选C。
47．D句意为：因为它可能会导致自我评价过高，从而使我们脱离现实。故选D。
48．A句意为：例如，一位过于乐观的将军仍然决定攻击他的敌人，虽然他处于相对弱势地位。根据下文中的“An overly optimistic student...”可知，选A。
49．C强弱是相对而言的。故选C。
50．A句意为：一个过于乐观的学生可能选择不再努力学习，因为他或她已经取得了良好的成绩。根据句意以及第四段“get good exam results”可知，此处选A。
51．B句意为：在大多数情况下，消极的生活态度绝对不是好事情。故选B。
52．D句意力：在我们着手做事情之前，消极的态度会让我们过分谨慎，因此最终永远不会开始。故选D。
53．C句意为：此外，即使我们开始做，消极的态度也会阻止我们做好。stop sb. from doing sth．是固定短语，意为“阻止某人做某事”。故选C。
54．B．句意为：另一方面，有时有点消极对我们是有帮助的。故选B。
55．A句意为：例如，对未来预期的消极观点可能使学生更加努力学习，并可能取得好的考试成绩。故选A。
56．A句意为：对一笔生意的消极预期可能会使经理关注降低成本，可能会获得一些意想不到的利润。故选A。
57．D此处应与上文的“expectation”相呼应。故选D。
58．B句意为：因此，为了计划好某件事情并最终取得成功，我们应该兼有积极和消极的态度。故选B。
59．D句意为：有积极性可以让我们充满活力和激情，而保持点消极可以使我们谨慎并有动力。while在此处为并列连词，表对比。
60.C句意为：只有用这种方法我们才能充分分析并总是表现出色。only in this way意为“只有用这种方法”，位于句首时，句子要用倒装语序。故选C。
61．The考查冠词。句意为：唯一的阻碍就是时间。only前多用the修饰，意为“唯一”，表示特指。
62. or考查连词。句意为：孩子的梦想无关乎技能、机遇、甚至可行性。在否定句中用or 连接并列成分而不用and。
63. later考查副词比较级。句意为：那些都是晚些时候才会出现的东西。late表示“晚于”，且前面有much修饰，所以此处应用比较级。
64．haven't taken考查动词的时态。句意为：如果你还没有花时间与孩子谈论一下他们的梦想，那么你应该去。现在完成时表达一个从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。65．that考查定语从旬。句意为：随着我们慢慢变老，我们有时候会忘记梦想会燃起我们的希望，而这正是对我们所有人来说都很必要的东西。先行词是不定代词something，所以
关系代词用that。
66．professional考查词性转换。句意为：我的孙子希望长大后成为一名职业的足球运动员。修饰名词soccer player应用形容词。
67．activities考查名词的复数。句意为：当他的“男孩和女孩俱乐部”被邀请参加西雅图海湾人足球俱乐部的赛前活动时，他的梦想实现了一小部分。“one of+名词复数”是常用的表达方式。
68．looking考查非谓语动词。句意为：想象一下一个年轻的足球运动员仰望着他希望有一天能成为的那个人的情景吧。imagine后应用动词的-ing形式作宾语。
69. to believe考查非谓语动词。句意为：和孩子们在一起会激励你再次相信。inspire sb. to do sth．意为“激励某人做某事”。
70．are考查主谓一致。句意为：我们所需要的是更伟大的思想，心中充满希望并愿意为梦想努力。代词what，which，who，none，some，any，more，most，all，rest等作主语时，谓话动词的单复数由这些代词指代的名词来决定。此处all指代下文中的“bigger thoughts，a heart full of hope, and willingness to work for the dream”三件东西，所以用are。
短文改错
When I was a little boy, I was never/good at school. Instead ∧ going
of
to school, I used to hang up everywhere because I hated everything about
out
school. I fell after everyone I grew up with. But in high school,I got
behind
interestingin my study with the help of Miss Miller. Every times my grades interestedtime
were bad,she would sit with me butgive me advice on how to improve my
and
grades. Almost every day in her class,shewill help me patiently. Now I feel would
more comfortably because I know I have a awesome teacher to help me go comfortablean
through any difficulty
书面表达
One possible version:
Dear Sir or Madam
I am a Chinese student and interested in your summer camp advertisedin the newspaper. I'd like to know something more about your six-week football training session. First,may I have your phone number? It's more convenient for me to contact with you by phone. Second,when will the trainingsession start? Third,what are its contents and how many training hours arethere per week? I hope the fee is not too high for me. Last but not least,whattype is your accommodation? I prefer to live in a host family to learn more aboutAmerican culture.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
工程硕士 研究生英语基础教程课后习题 Unit1-15 汉译英全部 精校版
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程(汉译英Unit1-15) Unit 1 B. 1. 她计划自己创业。 She plans to set up her own business 2. 态度也很重要。 Attitude also matters. 3. 她在客人们到达之前把所有家具都擦亮了. She had polished all the furniture before the gusts arrived. 4. 有些经理不知道如何与人打交道handle Some managers have no idea how to handle people. 5.我们完成那项工程的时间打破了记录(record) We finished the work in record time. 6. 她喜欢东西都摆好以后再开始工作。She likes everything to be in place before she starts working. 7. 她常常一天工作12小时。（put in） She often puts in 12 hours’ work a day. 8. 他是从报纸上得到这一信息的.（acquire） He acquired the information from the newspapers. 9. 我们部门有一个助理的职位空缺. ( Associate professor 副教授lecturer 讲师) There’s an opening for an assistant in our department. 10. 该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊. The organization works to promote friendship between nations. Unit2 B. 1. 今晚她很可能给我打电话。（likely） She is very likely to ring me tonight. 2. 我看不懂这篇文章（beyond） Understanding this article is beyond my capacity. 3. 新刷的一层油漆可使房间焕然一新（transform） A fresh coat of paint can transform a room. 4. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败。（result in） Acting before thinking always results in failure. 5. 他估计那项工作需要三个月。（estimate） He estimated that the work would take three months. 6. 我们相信这个协议将会积极地促进两国之间的贸易。 We believe that this agreement will positively promote the trade between our two countries. 7. 新机场必将推动这个地区的旅行业。 The new airport will certainly push ahead the tourism in this region. 8. 网络经济将对人们的生活产生重要的影响。 Net economy will have significant influence on the people’s life. 9. 在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个新的经济发展计划。 At the yesterday’s meeting, he brought forward a new plan for the economic development.
英语基础写作教学大纲
《英语基础写作》教学大纲 一、课程名称：英语基础写作 二、课程类别：专业必修课 三、教学时数：周学时数2，总学时数68 四、学分：4 五、开课时间：第3-4学期 六、开课专业：英语专业 七、教学对象：英语专业本科 八、教学目的：《英语写作》是针对英语专业本科二年级学生开设的专业基础课程。本课程的任务是要求学生系统地掌握英语写作的基本理论、不同种类文体的写作方法及基本写作技巧，能够独立完成各种常用文体的写作。 九、课程内容： （1）文体：exposition, narration, description, argument, etc. （2）文体拓展方法：illustration, comparison and contrast, making analogy, classifying and dividing the subject, repetition, etc. （3）基本写作技巧：ways of brainstorming, ways of beginning, ways of conclusion, ways of development, readership awareness, genre awareness, peer editing, peer response, cohesion and coherence, responding to teacher feedback, how to use dictionaries, how to search and make use of internet resources, etc. 十、教学时间安排：
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程课后练习题1-4课
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程课后练习题1-4课 第一课 一、词形填空 1.They made regular visits to the park on the suburbs during the weekends. 2.She was prooted to division manager last year. 3.We tried to walk to the park but ended up taking a taxi there. 4.His handing if these important issues was highly praised. 5.Thomas bought a new hat to repluce the one he had lost. 6.The movie received generally favorable reviews. 7.Thank you for all the time and effort you have put in. 8.Make sure you’re home bu midnight . 9.He was hit by a falling tree and killed on the spot 10.The earthquake survivors are in desperate need of help. 二、词形转换 1、Open（n）—opening 2、persist（n）—persistence 3.succeed(n)----success 4.succeed(adj)---successful 5.important(n)----importance 6.promote(n)----promotion 7.depress(n)----depression 8.vlaue(adj)----valuable 9.loyal(n)----loyalty 10.favor(adj)---favorable 三、词换词 1. Obtain----aquire 2. Constant---loyal 3. Famous---noted 4. Frightened---startled 5.blame---responsibility 6. Worth doing---rewarding 7. Sincere----genuine 8.encountered---bumped into 9. Bought----purchased 10. At the end ----eventually 第二课 一、选择正确的词或词组填空 1.Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities. 2.The competition among these companies at the printing market has become very intense in this city. 3.To date, We have not received any replies from them. 4.In this competitive world , it is better for any firm to gain technology superiority . 5.The organization works to promote friendship between nations. 6.It is reported that the Far East area is now on the verge of war again. 7.There is an obvious trend that young people like less formal clothing. 8.We should look at these events which happened two hundred years ago from their historical perspective. 9.The outstanding businessman agreed that the last decade was favorable for the emergence of new and promising enterprises in IT field. 10.The witness proved that the killer was a man of medium height. 二、词性转换 1.significance(adj.)-significant 2.connect(n.)-connection 3.transform(n.)-transformation
英语基础写作指导与技巧(整理版)
基础写作指导 一、写一个完整的句子。 这几句是正确的句子吗? 如果你认为有误, 该怎么改? 1.The meeting will until 3:00. 2.Work hard, you will succeed. 3.I have a brother, who is a doctor. 4. There are only 4 students take part in the class. 二、句子类型。 简单句: 只包含一个主谓结构的句子. 并列句: 主谓结构+ 连词(and, but, so, or……) +主谓结构(或更多的主谓结构) 复合句: 引导词+主谓结构, 主谓结构 (从句) (主句) 三、五种基本的简单句。 1.主语+不及物动词 Birds fly. Buses run from dawn till midnight. We are studying hard. 2. 主语+及物动词+宾语 We have read many books. They do shopping at the weekend. We are learning English. 3. 主语+系动词+表语 We are students. He became a scientist. That sounds good. 4. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 He gave Tom a present. He offered me a job. 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 We made him our monitor. The manager thinks the plan practical. He will have his bike repaired. I won’t have you speaking to your mother like that. 四、过渡词 （1）表并列关系的过渡词: and, also，as well, as well as，or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor （2）表递进关系的过渡词: besides, in addition（加之，除……之外）, moreover(此外，而且), what’s more，what’s worse （3）表转折对比的过渡词： but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in s pite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand … on the other hand, some…others
新生代英语基础教程2unit1_电子教案
教案 课程名称新生代英语基础教程2 课时____________________ 班级____________________ 专业____________________ 教师____________________ 系部____________________ 教研室____________________ 教材《新生代英语基础教程2》
Family Show Time “Where are you from?”Reading Why is it called a honeymoon? Chat Time The rest is history. Writing Family tree Grammar The possessive ’s My Story Family main Have students look at the picture and ask them to tell you as much as they can about it. Then, go through the questions and complete each answer. In addition, you can ask a few warm-up questions suc h as “How many people are in your
Have the students listen and repeat the words. Use descriptive sentences to teach the family member words. For example, you can say “Your uncle is your mother or father’s brother.” “Your aunt is your mother or father’s sister.” “Your cousin is your uncle or aunt’s child,” and so on. A simple family drawn on the board can often help students to understand this. They may find it interesting to see your family tree, if you don’t mind sharing it with them. For the word frame, you can see that it is something we put around important pictures. You can then ask students if they have any framed photos in the class. You can also teach that we use the words married and single to descr ibe someone’s relationship status. Ask “Have you been to a wedding recently?” “Who got married?” For Tell the students they will hear a conversation between a radio host and a celebrity (Anna). Now listen to the conversation and have students complete the sentences.
畅通英语基础教程1期末考试第一期[B]
目： 卷： 120 1. n_rse A. n B. m C. u D. v 3. sma_l A. e B. a C. l D. n 5. b_ue A. l B. f C. u D. v -- _____. ’t. C. Yes, she is. D. Yes he is. 14. –Are you married? -- _____. A.No, he is n’t. B. Yes, he is. C. No, I am single.. D. Yes, they are.
15. –Where are you from? -- _____. A. I am a nurse. B. I am from Australia. C. I am Chinese. D. We are sisters. 16. --What color is your new phone? --________________. A.It is pink B. It is mine B. C. It’s in the suitcase. D. It isn’t here 17．--Is this your suitcase? --________________. A.Yes, it is. B. Yes, they are. C. No, they aren’t. D. No, they don’t. 18. --Are these your books? --________________. A. Yes, it is. B. Yes, they are. C. No, they aren’t. D. No, they don’t. 19. --What’s that? --________________. A. It is black B. It is a camera. C. They are pens. D. They are not. 20. --What are those? --They are____. A. watch B. glasses C. apple D. car 21.--This bag is too big, I want a ____ one. A. ugly B. small C. light D. heavy 22. She is from _____, she is _____. A. USA, America B. Egyptian, Egypt C. Italy, Italian D. Spanish, Spain 23.--How do you go to school? --______________. A. Sorry, I don’t know. B. At seven o’clock C. I take a bus. D. I work in a book shop. 24.. --what do you do at weekend? --I listen____ music and go shopping. A. in B. on C. to D. at 25. --Do you like basketball?
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程 课文翻译
Unit 1 我的第一份工作 汽车清洁工 [1] 我从父母那儿获得了很强的工作道德观。他们俩都经历过大萧条时期，对不是按常规工作的人感到难以理解。我曾经告诉我妈妈，西尔堆斯特·史泰龙工作10周挣1200万美元，“那他在一年其余的日子里干什么呢?”她问。 [2] 我把父母的工作道德观带入了我在故乡马萨诸塞州安多佛镇附近的威尔明顿镇福特汽车专营店干的第一份工作。那时我16岁，学期当中我干活干到五、六点，暑假期间则每天干12个小时。我干的是汽车清洁小工的活儿，也就是清洗，抛光等事，并确保纸地板垫的位置合适。还有一项职责是在夜里将汽车轮毂盖取下来以免被偷，第二天再还回原处。这是一项很费劲的工作，因为我们有占大约7英亩地的汽车。 [3] 一天，我抱着一大捧毂盖转过一个角落，几乎与我们新任总经理撞了个满怀。我吓了一跳，结果把毂盖全掉在了地上。他当场就解雇了我。 [4] 我羞愧万分，不愿让父母知道这件事。大约有两周的时间，我每天都忙到晚上，然后我会回家说工作干得很愉快。
[5] 走投无路之下，我写了一封信给亨利·福特二世，告诉他所发生的事情。我说我们家是福特车的忠实用户，并说我长大成年后打算买一辆野马车。最后，汽车专卖店的店主给我打来了电话。“我不知道你在底特律认识谁，”他说，“但如果你还想要回你原来的工作的话，这工作就归你了。” [6] 后来在大学期间，我想在一家劳斯菜斯(罗尔斯—罗伊斯)的专营店干活，但店主说他们不缺人。即便如此，我还是开始在那儿清洗汽车。当店主注意到我时，我说我会一直干到他雇我。最后他真雇了我。 [7] 成功需要毅力。态度也很重要。我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强，但我一直相信我当时干的活别人都赶不上。 出纳员 [1] 第一次与我祖母坐在她位于曼哈顿的药店的现金出纳机后时，我l0岁。不久之后，她就让我一个人坐在那儿。很快我就知道了礼貌对待顾客以及说“谢谢”的重要性。 [2] 起初我的报酬是糖果，后来我每小时得到50美分。每天放学后我都工作，暑假、周末和假期则从上午8点干到下午7点。我父亲帮我在银行立了一个账户。看着存款数增加比我当时本可以买到的任何东西都更让我满足。 [3] 祖母是一位严厉的监工，从不给我任何特殊照顾。她像鹰一样注视着我的一举一动，不过却放手让我应付象在午餐高峰时干活这样压力很大的场面。她的信任教会了我如何对待责任。
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程 英译汉
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程英译汉（Unit 1-10、13、14） Unit 1 1. Two noted Americans explain why it’s not what you earn-it’s what you learn. 两位美国名人解释为什么不是你所挣的而是你所学的更重要。 2. I have never thought I was better than anyone else, but I have always believed I couldn’t be outworked. 我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强，但我一直相信我当时干的活儿别人都赶不上。 3. Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought. 看着存款数增加比我当时原本可以买到的任何东西都更让我满足。 4. I took a genuine interest in their questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup ideas. 我发自内心地关心她们的问题，并能理解她们的愿望，给她们出些该如何化妆的点子。 5. I ended up selling a record amount of cosmetics. 结果我创下了化妆品销售的最好成绩。 Unit 2 1. With the click of a mouse, information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the extremely fast speed of seven-and-a-half times around the earth per second. 只要用鼠标点击一下，在地球另一端的信息马上就会以每秒钟绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。 2. Besides, if everyone shops on the Net , what will happen to the hundreds and thousands of shopping malls? 此外，如果大家都在网上购物，那么成千上万的购物中心该怎么办呢？ 3. The huge power of electronic commerce (e-commerce) will change the face of trade dramatically. 电子商务的惊人威力会使贸易的局面发生激动人心的巨变。 4. The development of e-commerce may well bring the world into a brand new era of “electronic currency” . 电子商务的发展很可能会把世界带进一个“电子货币”的崭新时代。 5. As the Net pushes the economy ahead rapidly, the economy is also bringing the Net market forward , resulting in the Internet itself becoming the world’s largest emerging market. 在网络化高速地推动经济发展的同时，经济也反过来促进网络市场的发展，其结果是国际互联网本身将成为全球最大的新兴市场。 Unit 3 1. So, if you lose a key species, you might cause a whole flood of other extinctions. 所以，如果失去一个重要的物种，那也许会引起大量其他物种的绝迹。 2. Instead of depending on largely ineffective laws against illegal hunting, it gives local people a good economic reason to preserve and animals. 这种办法使当地人们可以为了经济上的原因而去保护动、植物，而不是依靠在很大程度上难以奏效的那些反非法偷 猎的规章制度。 3. With corruption popular in many developing countries, some observers are suspicious that the money will actually reach the people it is intended for. 由于许多发展中国家普遍存在腐败，一些观察家对这些钱财实际上能否到达应该接受这笔财物的人们手中表示怀疑。 4. Sustainable management of forests requires controls on the number of trees which are cut down, as well as investment in replacing them. 森林的可持续管理既需要投资种植新树以取代被砍伐的树木，也需要对被砍伐树木的数量进行控制。 5. In theory, consumers would buy only this wood and so fo rce logging companies to go “green” or go out of business. 理论上讲，消费者只能购买这些获得认可的木材，这将迫使伐木公司开始保护“绿色”，否则将无生意可做。 Unit 4 1. The trend began in earnest in 1995, when the Queen of England admitted that the Maori people of New Zealand had been shamefully treated, when the country was a British colony. 这个潮流是从1995年才真正开始的。当时英国女王承认当新西兰还是英国的殖民地时，新西兰的土著毛利人曾遭
英语基础写作参考范文
基础写作参考范文 一、活动 What an unforgettable English camp we have had! / It’s a great honor for me to stand here to say something about the unforgettable English camp we have had. Our English camp which lasted from July 10th to July 28th has successfully achieved its aims. All the participants including five teachers and fifteen students contributed a lot to the camp. We held many activities, for instance, practicing spoken English, reading English articles, singing English songs and so on, all of which have greatly improved our English. I feel very grateful to have the chance to know so many respectable teachers and kind friends, who have given me great help in improving my English. Our school held a party in the school hall on the evening of September 10th in order to celebrate the 22nd Teachers’Day. The party began at 7:30 p.m. and came to a close at 10:30 p.m.. At the beginning, the headmaster made a speech to praise our teachers for what they have done for the school. After representatives of both the teachers and the students gave talks in turn at the party, the teachers and the students put on their performances, enjoying them to the fullest. What a great success the party was! 二、人物 Dear Bruce, I was glad to know you began to study Chinese literature. Now let me tell you something about Luxun. Born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, Lu Xun with real name Zhou Shuren abandoned the study of medicine because he thought he could change society more through writing. Not only was Lu Xun a well-Known Chinese writer, a thinker, and translator, but also the father of modern Chinese literature. His novels have been translated into many languages and some of novels have been made into films, su ch as The True Story of AH Q and The New Year’s Sacrifice. Some of his novels have been collected in high school and college textbooks. Since you are learning Chinese literatures, I think reading Lu Xun’s novels will benefit a lot. Yours, Dear Sir, How do you do? Through the ad, I know your company needs an engineer. I would like to have this job. Now let me introduce myself to you. My name is Liu Ping, aged 27.After I graduated from Zhongshan University in 2001, I was sent to Tokyo University .Through hard work for 4 years, I achieved extraordinary result in scientific research and received a doctor’s degree. A Japanese company tried hard to invite me with a good offer of salary, but I refused it. To devote myself to our China, I came back this year with any hesitation. I will appreciate it very much if you would give me the opportunity. Thank you for your consideration. I am looking forward to your early reply. Sincerely yours, Liu Ping 三、地点 Located in the middle of Guangdong province, Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong, is an ancient city with a cultural history of 2200 years. It covers a total area of 743, 4 square kilometers with a population of 9.94 million. Because it is warm and f lowery all the seasons, it is also called “Flower City” and “Five Goats” is the symbol of it. Since 1982, Guangzhou was named as one of the first historical and cultural cities. The special character of Guangzhou is attracting more and more tourists from all over the world. Zhongshan University Located in Guangzhou, Guangdong province, Zhongshan University was established by Shunzhongshan in 1924, whose original name was Guangdong University. Since 1926, it is known as Zhongshan University and world famous experts, such as Luxun, Guomoruo, have ever been here to teach. There are over 12000 teachers in the university, about 1000 of whom are professors. It has developed into a comprehensive university, covering science, engineering, humanities, medicine, management and technique. The library covers 110,000 square meters with 4,880,000 books, the largest among the universities, just smaller than Chinese National Library.
研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙全文翻译
Unit1 从能力到责任 当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。 最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合? 毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难? 核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。 类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。像地方的区域规划，学校种族隔离制的废除，排水系统的问题，公共交通的治理，以及申请获得正在相互竞争的有线电视公司的许可证等这些曾经看起来只是一些地方性事务的事情，现在也需要专家采解决。这些专家的辩论充满着技术术语，常常使问题变得让人迷惑不解而不会使问题云开雾散，清晰明了。公共生活的复杂性，要求更多＼而非更少的信息资料；需要更积极＼而非越来越消极的公众的参与。 对于那些关心“民治政府”的人，公众理解程度的每况愈下是无法接受的。当今世界，人类生存问题吉凶未卜，无知是不可取的。那些目光短浅的专家们制定措施时一手遮天，这也是不可容忍的。作为公民，我们只有找到更好的教育方法，只有提出更棘手的问题，并得到满意的答案，才能在关键的决策时刻承担风险，运用我们所学的知识做出重大决定，否则，我们只能基于盲目地相信一个或几个所谓的专家做出决策。 我们的民主社会需要一批受过良好教育关心他人的年轻人群策群力，本着共同的信念，团结在一起，相互学习，参与到社会民主的建设之中。 民主的社会需要关心民主社会的公众，需要他们成为善于发问的民主参与者，成为知道怎样提出恰如其份的问题的人，知道公共政策的决策形成过程，并能够对那些影响深远的问题做出敏锐的，有见地的判断。诚然，没有哪个社会机构能独立培养我们所需的领导人才，但我们深信，如果“民治政府’’要有生命力的话，大学相对子其他机构来说，更有责任去培养我们国家所急需的具有宏畴伟略的领导人。 为了完成这个迫切的使命，年轻人的目光不能仅仅停留在国内，还必须放眼世界。现在的学生不但要对本国的人民与文化了如指掌，而且也应该熟知本国以外的文明。人类的势力范围已涉及到太空，一切变得都很明了，我们都是同一个星球的守护者。在过去的半个世纪中，我们的地球变得越来越拥挤，相互依赖性越来越强，同时也更加变化莫测。如果学生只一味自以为是，不能更好地理解自己在芸芸众生中的地位，那么他们对生活的社会所应承担的责任的能力将慢慢被消磨殆尽，及至危险的境地。 世界或许还没有变成一个小村庄。但可以肯定的是，我们的邻里意识必须加以扩展。当旱灾席卷撒哈拉沙漠，当印度支那战争带来难民潮时，我们的同情心，我们富于分析的智慧都不再受缚于地图上的政治分界线。我们开始知道，饥荒和人权已如同武器＼条约一样，对人类团结起着决定性的影响。最令人担心的是，蘑菇云已在人类意识里投下了不祥的阴影。这些业已存在的事实及其带来的后果都必须让每个学生了解。
《英语基础写作》第一次作业
《英语基础写作》第一次作业 一、单选题 1．Every word of the title should be capitalized, except articles, ___, coordinating conjunctions and to in infinitves.( ) A．prepositions B．verbs C．nouns D．adverbs 2．A full stop can be used at the end of a title. The statement is___.( ) A．True B．False 3．Which of the following division of words is INCORRECT?( ) A．thou-ght B．trans-la-tion C．fin-ish D．hard-en 4．Choose the correct punctuation mark to fill in the following blank: She doesn’t like this film ___ she is disgusted with it.( ) A．,(comma) B．不填 C．(semicolon) D．.(full stop) E．-(dash) 5．His strong points and hers are ___.( ) A．complimentary B．complementary C．completed D．complected 6．Many people here have got other income___ their wages.( ) A．besides B．except C．including D．but 7．He ___ from his seat to greet the guests.( ) A．rise B．rose C．raised D．arose 8．A bird in the hand is ___ two in the bush.( ) A．worthy B．worthwhile C．worth D．worthless 9．The ___ inventor finally turned his dream into reality.( ) A．imagine B．imaginary C．imaginable D．imaginative 10．He became a good violinist by constant ___.( ) A．exercise B．drill C．practice D．training 11．We should be ___ of our time and avoid doing anything unnecessary.( ) A．economic B．economical C．economics D．economy 12．Somebody left ___ raincoat on his rack; ___ will have to come and get it.( ) A．his/he B．her/she C．their/they D．its/it 13．He is an eloquent speaker; ___, he lacks depth.( ) A．but B．yet C．so D．however 14．Find out which part of the sentence is ambiguous in meaning: When I saw the advertisement for a cellphone in that magazine, I bought it immediately.( ) A．I B．that C．I D．it 15．Each of the girls had ___ assignment completed.( ) A．her B．their C．they D．them 16．We should bear in ___ all these important rules.( )