山东师范大学美国文学名词解释

一共考了四个，除了里边加红的三个还考了个international theme，这个我没整理，你到时找找哈！

Allegory寓言:is a story with a symbolic meaning used to teach a moral principle.

American renaissance:the name sometimes is given to a flourishing of distinctively Am erica literature in the period before the civil war.

American Puritanism美国清教主义:it comes from the American puritans, who were t he first immigrants moved to American continent in the 17th century. Original sin, pre destination and salvation were the basic ideas of American Puritanism. And, hard-work ing, piousness thrift and sobriety were praised.

American dream美国梦:is the faith held by many in the united states of America tha t through hard work,courage,and determination one can achieve a better life for onesel f,usually through financial prosperity.these were values held by many early European s ettlers,and have been passed on to subsequent generations. nowadays the American dre am has led to an emphasis on material wealth as a measure of success and happiness.

American revolution: the war between the American colonies and great Britain,leading the formation of independent united states, by the middle of the 18th century,differenc es in life, thought ,and interests had developed between the mother country and the gr owing colonies. local political institutions and practice diverged significantly from the english way,while social customs,religious beliefs ,and economic interests added to the potential sources of conflict. The British government, like other imperial powers in the 18th century, intended to regulate commerce in the British interest.

American romanticism美国浪漫主义:romanticism refers to an artistic and intellectual movement originating in Europe in the late 18th century and characterized by a height ened interest in nature,emphasis on the individua l’s e xpression of emotion and imagina tion,departure from the attitudes and forms of classicism and rebellion against establish ed social rules and conventions.

American enlightenment美国启蒙运动:is a philosophical movement of the 18th centur y that emphasized the use of reason to scrutinize previously accepted doctrines and tra ditions. It is sometimes described as the intellectual culture of the British North Ameri can colonies and the early United States.

Alliteration头韵:i t refers to the repetition of the same sounds—usually initial consona nts of words or of stressed syllables.

Assonance类韵:it is the repetition of similar vowel sounds in a line of poetry. It has been an optional poetic device used within and between lines of verse for emphasis o r musical effect.

Civil war美国内战:a military conflict between the US of American(the union)and the Confederate states of America(the confederacy)from1861 to1865.

Consonance和音:it refers to the repetition of identical or similar consonants in neigh boring words whose vowel sounds are different in a line of poetry.

Free verse自由诗:is a form of poetry that has an irregular rhythm and line length an

d that attempts to avoid and predetermined vers

e structure; instead,it uses the cadences

of natural speech

Gothic tradition哥特传统: gothic novel or gothic romance is a story of terror and su spense, usually set in a gloomy old castle or monastery. In an extended sense,many n ovels that do not have a medievalized setting,but which share a comparably sinister,gr otesque,or claustrophobic atmosphere have been classed as gothic.

Great awakening宗教大觉醒运动:is a series of religious revivals that swept over the American colonies about the middle of the 18th century. It resulted in doctrinal chang es and influenced social and political thought.

Historical novel历史小说:a novel in which the action takes place during a specific hi storical period well before the time of writing(often one or two generations before,som etimes several centuries), and in which some attempt is made to depict accurately the customs and mentality of the period.

Individualism个人主义: is a moral,political,and social philosophy,which emphasizes in dividual liberty, the primary importance of the individual, and the “virtues of self-relia