四级写作讲座

的人并没有完成大学教育
this is understandable as a number of people who don’t complete their higher education are successful 3. 但是事实上，在影响一个人成功的因素中，理论知识是最为重
要的因素之一
However, of these factors that determine one’s success, theoretical knowledge is one of the most important.
度上决定了一个人是否成功
Other factors like personality trait and luck play a considerable part in one’s career success.
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总结
总之，我们需要承认，大学教育与人们成 功之间的关系被低估了。我们需要重新认 识大学教育与成功之间的关系。 To sum up, we must admit that the role that theoretical knowledge plays in one’s career success has been underestimated. We need to reaffirm the importance of higher education in one’s career success.
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Writing introductory paragraphs
Introductory devices Introductory paragraph of problem-type writing Introductory paragraph of opinion-type writing
正说
4. 掌握理论知识就等于掌握了某个学科的基本概念与原
理，这就为一个人的职业发展打下良好的基础
补充
5. 事实上，认为理论知识与经验不能相容的观点是一种
根深蒂固的误解
进一步解说两者的关系
6. 理论知识就是在经验的基础上发展起来 的，因此理
论知识本身具有实践意义。
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平衡观点：经验也很重要
6. 理论知识就是在经验的基础上发展起来 的，因此理论知识本身具
有实践意义。
Many theoretical knowledge is developed on the basis of experiences, so theoretical knowledge has practical implications.
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Introductory devices
Questions Proverbs Anecdotes Examples
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Examples of a good beginning
Some people think the world moves on the wheels of money, others believe the world moves on the wheels of love, but I believe the world moves on the wheel of energy. A gentleman is, not does. An English proverb goes like this: opportunity never knocks twice. But I don’t think so. At least it knocks at my door twice.
平衡观点
7. 我们也需要承认一个事实，理论知识不是人
们成功的唯一要素。
进一步解说
8. 一些其他因素，如性格、机遇、人际关系网
等等在很大程度上决定了一个人是否成功
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总结
尽管如此，我们需要承认，大学教育与人 们成功之间的关系被低估了。我们需要重 新认识大学教育与成功之间的关系。
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Example Two
Combating against fake goods Nowadays, there are a great variety of fakes goods available in Chinese markets, ranging from fake watches, fake shoes to fake medicine and fake money. If no measure is taken to combat against them, our economic and social life would be greatly threaten.
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Directions : volunteer work organized by the school brings more benefits than problems, to what extent do you agree or disagree?
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Nowadays school pay much attention to volunteer work, some schools even recognize it as a requirement of graduation. Despite the disadvantages of school-organized volunteer work, there are benefits to recognize.
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It is clear that students can improve their skills and enrich their social experiences by participating in volunteer work. A second benefit is that students can integrate their academic knowledge with practices. But it can’t be denied that there exist some problems with the organization of volunteer work, which results in the waste of volunteer’s time and energy. 2001/05/10
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translation
开头句：
1. 关于理论知识对职业成功的贡献，人们一 都有怀疑。
支持上述说法：
2. 这是可以理解的，因为很多在事业上获得成
的人并没有完成大学教育
转入主题说法
3. 但是事实上，在影响一个人成功的因素中，理论知识
是 最为重要的因素之一
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证明自己的观点：理论知识重要
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Introductory paragraph of opinion type article
A great many people believe that _______. But I just think otherwise. Some people think that _______ while others hold the belief that ________. But I personally think that ____________. It is widely believed that ______________. My opinion on this issue, however, is quite different. It may be true that _____________. But in my personal opinion, ___________. In my personal view,
First paragraph: introduction
1. 关于理论知识对职业成功的贡献，人们一 都有怀疑。 People has long been doubtful about the contribution of theoretical knowledge to career success. 2. 这是可以理解的，因为很多在事业上获得成
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Balance your opinion
7. 但是，我们也需要承认一个事实，理论知识不
是人们成功的唯一要素。
Meanwhile, we must recognize that theoretical knowledge is not the unique determinant of success. 8. 一些其他因素，如性格、机遇、等等在很大程
Opinion type writing
Directions: some people who have been successful in the society don’t attribute their success to the theoretical knowledge they learnt from their university. Do you agree that theoretical knowledge is not as valuable as expected?
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Example One
On Shortage of water As we all know, the problem of shortage of water is vital to our human life. However, at present, this problem is becoming more and more serious. If nothing is done about it, our life will be encountered with a serious threat.
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Introductory paragraph of problem-type article
As we all know, ____ is vital (indispensable) to our life. At present In the present-day time Nowadays,In the past 20 years or so, There is (has been) a wide-spread concern that The problem of ___ has aroused wide-spread concern. The problem of ___ is becoming more and more ( increasingly )serious. If nothing is done, our life will be encountered with a serious threat.
Based on the above discussion, we need to reaffirm the importance of volunteer work to the students and the society. In the meantime, the organizer of volunteer work should pay more attention to the organization to meet the needs of students.
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Elaborate your opinion
4. 众所周知，掌握理论知识就等于掌握了某个学科的基本概念与原理，这
就为一个人的职业发展打下坚实的基础
It is widely known that mastering theoretical knowledge means mastering basic concept and principles of a subject, which lays firm foundation for career development. 5. 事实上，认为理论知识与经验不能相容的观点是一种根深蒂固的误解 it is a deep-rooted misconception that theoretical knowledge and experience are not compatible