英语平行结构和比较结构
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英语平行结构和比较结构 Parallelism & Comparison
编辑课件
1
一、平行结构, 即并列结构：由并列连词连 接两个或两个以上对等的语言成分构成。
• 连词是一种虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成 分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句 与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列 连词和从属连词。
• 并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。
可以采用倒装形式。 • Einstein cared for neither money nor fame.
You can neither take it out nor photocopy it. • *在否定结构中通常用or连接两个并列成分。 • You can never take it out or photocopy it.
• He was not feeling well, yet he kept on until it was done.
• China is rich in natural resources, while Japan
is poor.
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10
四、表示因果关系的并列连词
• so（因此，所以），for（因为）
• The fabric is light and strong.
• I like reading and fishing in my spare time. This model of the computer is powerful, and the price is competitive.
• It was a severe winter. And we had not enough
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11
1. Tom is tall _w_h_il_e_____ his brother is short.
2. She got up early,_b_u_t _____ she failed to be there on time.
• Many directors were absent, so the meeting had to be postponed.
• He must have done something wrong, for the head teacher called him to the office.
• *so不能与because同时出现在同一句中。 For从句主要是对前面的句子作出解释或进 行推断，因此for引导的句子不能用于句首。
whether...or 3. 转折对比关系: but, yet, whereas, while, still 4. 因果关系：so, for 5. 并列关系：and, when
编辑课件
4
一、表示平行、递进关系的连词
• 1. A and B
• And连接两个并列成分。and也常位于句首， 使上下文联系更紧密。
• Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
• Have one more try, or you won’t be successful.
• Either he didn’t speak clearly or you didn’t hear well.
编辑课件
9
三、表示转折和对比意义的并列 连词
• but（但是），yet（然而），while（而，却） 等
• After a busy day, I felt tired but happy.
• Difficulties will arise in the course of reforming， but we will certainly overcome them.
food for ourselves.
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5
• 2. both A and B • 这一结构是and的强化形式，连接的两个成
分必须在结构上等同。不能连接句子。
• The new tax policy benefits both workers and farmers.
• Bothe she and I are interested in English literature.
• It is said that he can fly a plane as well as drive a car.
• She can play pop music and classical music as
编辑课件
7
二、表示选择关系的连词
• 1. neither A nor B • 这一结构表示否定意义，若连接两个句子
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8
• 2. or或者，大约，否则，不然
• either…or…或者…….或者……，不是……就 是……(either…or…结构是or的强化形式)
• Do you stay at home alone or go to theatre with me?
• You’ll have to wait one or two days before you know the result.
• 从属连词用来引导名词从句和各类的状语 从句。
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2
并列结构的连接手段
• １）并列连词 • ２）标点符号 • ３）并列结构的插入语 • 在最后一个项目之前插入一个词语，使这
个项目处于更加突出的地位。 • ４）并列结构的对称组合 • 成对组合的办法使整个结构更加紧凑。
编辑课件
3
• 常见的并列连词有： 1、表递进关系：and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, not… but… 2. 选择关系：or，either…or…, otherwise,
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6
• 3. not only…but (also)…不仅……而且……
百度文库
• not only…but…as well不仅……而且……也
• as well as和
• …and…as well和
• * not only…but (also)…结构侧重在后者，而 as well as侧重在前者。
• Not only George but also his wife did a lot for us.
编辑课件
1
一、平行结构, 即并列结构：由并列连词连 接两个或两个以上对等的语言成分构成。
• 连词是一种虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成 分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句 与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列 连词和从属连词。
• 并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。
可以采用倒装形式。 • Einstein cared for neither money nor fame.
You can neither take it out nor photocopy it. • *在否定结构中通常用or连接两个并列成分。 • You can never take it out or photocopy it.
• He was not feeling well, yet he kept on until it was done.
• China is rich in natural resources, while Japan
is poor.
编辑课件
10
四、表示因果关系的并列连词
• so（因此，所以），for（因为）
• The fabric is light and strong.
• I like reading and fishing in my spare time. This model of the computer is powerful, and the price is competitive.
• It was a severe winter. And we had not enough
编辑课件
11
1. Tom is tall _w_h_il_e_____ his brother is short.
2. She got up early,_b_u_t _____ she failed to be there on time.
• Many directors were absent, so the meeting had to be postponed.
• He must have done something wrong, for the head teacher called him to the office.
• *so不能与because同时出现在同一句中。 For从句主要是对前面的句子作出解释或进 行推断，因此for引导的句子不能用于句首。
whether...or 3. 转折对比关系: but, yet, whereas, while, still 4. 因果关系：so, for 5. 并列关系：and, when
编辑课件
4
一、表示平行、递进关系的连词
• 1. A and B
• And连接两个并列成分。and也常位于句首， 使上下文联系更紧密。
• Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
• Have one more try, or you won’t be successful.
• Either he didn’t speak clearly or you didn’t hear well.
编辑课件
9
三、表示转折和对比意义的并列 连词
• but（但是），yet（然而），while（而，却） 等
• After a busy day, I felt tired but happy.
• Difficulties will arise in the course of reforming， but we will certainly overcome them.
food for ourselves.
编辑课件
5
• 2. both A and B • 这一结构是and的强化形式，连接的两个成
分必须在结构上等同。不能连接句子。
• The new tax policy benefits both workers and farmers.
• Bothe she and I are interested in English literature.
• It is said that he can fly a plane as well as drive a car.
• She can play pop music and classical music as
编辑课件
7
二、表示选择关系的连词
• 1. neither A nor B • 这一结构表示否定意义，若连接两个句子
编辑课件
8
• 2. or或者，大约，否则，不然
• either…or…或者…….或者……，不是……就 是……(either…or…结构是or的强化形式)
• Do you stay at home alone or go to theatre with me?
• You’ll have to wait one or two days before you know the result.
• 从属连词用来引导名词从句和各类的状语 从句。
编辑课件
2
并列结构的连接手段
• １）并列连词 • ２）标点符号 • ３）并列结构的插入语 • 在最后一个项目之前插入一个词语，使这
个项目处于更加突出的地位。 • ４）并列结构的对称组合 • 成对组合的办法使整个结构更加紧凑。
编辑课件
3
• 常见的并列连词有： 1、表递进关系：and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, not… but… 2. 选择关系：or，either…or…, otherwise,
编辑课件
6
• 3. not only…but (also)…不仅……而且……
百度文库
• not only…but…as well不仅……而且……也
• as well as和
• …and…as well和
• * not only…but (also)…结构侧重在后者，而 as well as侧重在前者。
• Not only George but also his wife did a lot for us.