最新 2013年上半年大学英语六级模拟测试卷：深度阅读-精品

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大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷4(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. 4. Reading Comprehension 5. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Importance of Information Security. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.1．很多人认为信息安全很重要2．有的人认为信息不是实物，所以信息安全无关紧要3．我认为……正确答案：The Importance of Information Security As we are living in the information age, we are readily accessible to information of our interests. Because of this, some people claim that it is important to protect the information security to ensure a healthier environment to spread information. This belief, however, is discarded by some others, because they regard information as something intangible and insignificant and there is no need to safeguard it. Information comes and goes: it is too transient to be kept in a safe box. As for me, I think the information security should be protected. First, a lot of information circulating around the Internet is associated with privacy. Once it is leaked out, it would be a detriment to the people concerned. Quite a few Internet-based financial frauds and losses result from the stolen private information Second, if we do not guarantee the accuracy of information, we would open a floodgate for exaggerated and even false messages. Ultimately, we will be confused as to what to believe and which source to trust. In light of these reasons, it is necessary to acknowledge the importance of information security.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文：W: This school is lucky to have a teacher as good as Prof. Helen Johnson.M: She is one in a million. We’ve all benefited from what she imparted to us.I wish I could have taken more courses she teaches. Q: What does the man mean?2．A．Outstanding teachers like Professor Johnson are rare.B．Professor Johnson has won a million dollars as an award.C．Professor Johnson is likely to get the benefits from the school.D．There are many teachers as good as Professor Johnson.正确答案：A解析：关键是理解男士所说的one in a million意为“百里挑一”。

大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷308(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷308(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on understanding others by referring to Abraham Lincoln’s remark, “I don’t like that man. I must get to know him better.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.正确答案：“I don’t like that man. I must get to know him better.”This remark of Abraham Lincoln is quite interesting. It advises us to know others more before making a judgement quickly. Strange as it may sound, I think this saying makes sense. If we refuse to know a person better only because we don’t like him in some aspects, such as his appearance or dressing style, we may abandon the chance of making friends with a noble person and lose valuable assets. Abraham Lincoln himself is a case in point. When Lincoln was campaigning for presidency, his opponent Stanton often humiliated him in public. But Lincoln still tried hard to know the strengths and weaknesses of this opponent. When Lincoln became president, he asked Stanton to join his Cabinet, who proved to be a very helpful official. If Lincoln had refused to know Stanton better, he would never get such a talent to help him. In conclusion, it’s quite irrational to make arbitrary judgments about others before we get a better understanding about them. Knowing others takes much time and is not always easy, but it’s worth it.解析：这是一篇名言分析型的作文，要求考生对亚伯拉罕.林肯的名言“我不喜欢那个人，我要多了解一下他”进行分析，论述如何了解他人。

最新 2013年上半年大学英语四级模拟试卷：深度阅读-精品

2013年上半年大学英语四级模拟试卷：深度阅读(Reading in Depth)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually ____47___ you money or can add to the cost. Take the____48___ example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the ____49___ buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest ____50___ price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive ____51___ to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you ____52___ when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable ____53___ inexcellent condition, you’ll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new ____54___ , talk to someone who owns one. If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive ____55___, or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose ____56___ three items or three estimates.[A]possession [B]save [C]best [D]appliance [E]material[F]from [G]simple[H]with [I]in [J]element[K]model [L]item [M]easy [N]adopt [O]reasonable。

2013年6月六级考试真题(第3套)

2013年6月六级考试真题（第三套）Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s need, but not every man’sgreed.” You can cite e xamples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150words but no more than 200 words.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1–7, choose the best answer from thefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8–10, complete the sentenceswith the information given in the passage.Norman Borlaug: ‘Father of the Green Revolution’Few people have quietly changed the world for the better more than this rural lad from the midwestern state of Iowa in the United States. The man in focus is Norman Borlaug, the Father of the ‗Green Revolution‘, who died on September 12, 2009 at age 95. Norman Borlaug spent most of his 60 working years in the farmlands of Mexico, South Asia and later in Africa, fighting world hunger, and saving by some estimates up to a billion lives in the process. An achievement, fit for a Nobel Peace Prize.Early Years―I‘m a product of the great depression‖ is how Borlaug described himself. A great-grandson of Norwegian immigrants to the United States, Borlaug was born in 1914 and grew up on a small farm in the northeastern corner of Iowa in a town called Cresco. His family had a 40-hectrare（公顷）farm on which they grew wheat, maize（玉米）and hay and raised pigs and cattle. Norman spent most of his time from age 7-17 on the farm, even as he attended a one-room, one-teacher school at New Oregon in Howard County.Borlaug didn‘t have money to go to college. But through a Great Depression era programme, known as the National Youth Administration, Borlaug was able to enroll in University of Minnesota at Minneapolis to study forestry. He excelled in studies and received his Ph.D. in plant pathology（病理学）and genetics in 1942.From 1942 to 1944, Borlaug was employed as a microbiologist at DuPont in Wilmington. However, following the December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, Borlaug tried to join the military, but was rejected under wartime labour regulations.In MexicoIn 1944, many experts warned of mass starvation in developing nations where populations were expanding faster than crop production. Borlaug began work at a RockefellerFoundation-funded project in Mexico to increase wheat production by developing higher-yielding varieties of the crop. It involved research in genetics, plant breeding, plant pathology, entomology （昆虫学），agronomy（农艺学）, soil science, and cereal technology. The goal of the project was to boost wheat production in Mexico, which at the time was importing a large portion of its grain.Borlaug said that his first couple of years in Mexico were difficult. He lacked trained scientists and equipment. Native farmers were hostile towards the wheat programme because of serious crop losses from 1939 to 1941 due to stem rust.Wheat varieties that Borlaug worked with had tall, thin stalks. While taller wheat competed better for sunlight, they had a tendency to collapse under the weight of extra grain — a trait called lodging. To overcome this, Borlaug worked on breeding wheat with shorter and stronger stalks, which could hold on larger seed heads. Borlaug‘s new semi-dwarf, disease-resistant varieties, called Pitic 62 and Penjamo 62, changed the potential yield of Mexican wheat dramatically. By 1963 wheat production in Mexico stood six times more than that of 1944.Green Revolution in IndiaDuring the 1960s, South Asia experienced severe drought condition and India had been importing wheat on a large scale from the United States. Borlaug came to India in 1963 along with Dr. Robert Anderson to duplicate his Mexican success in the sub-continent. The experiments began with planting a few of the high-yielding variety strains in the fields of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute at Pusa in New Delhi, under the supervision of Dr. M. S. Swaminathan. These strains were subsequently planted in test plots at Ludhiana, Pantnagar, Kanpur, Pune and Indore. The results were promising, but large-scale success, however, was not instant. Cultural opposition to new agricultural techniques initially prevented Borlaug from going ahead with planting of new wheat strains in India. By 1965, when the drought situation turned alarming, the Government took the lead and allowed wheat revolution to move forward. By employing agricultural techniques he developed in Mexico, Borlaug was able to nearly double South Asian wheat harvests between 1965 and 1970.India subsequently made a huge commitment to Mexican wheat, importing some 18,000 tonnes of seed. By 1968, it was clear that the Indian wheat harvest was nothing short ofrevolutionary. It was so productive that there was a shortage of labour to harvest it, of bull carts to haul it to the threshing floor（打谷场）, of jute（黄麻）bags to store it. Local governments in some areas were forced to shut down schools temporarily to use them as store houses.United Nation‘s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) observed that in 40 years between 1961 and 2001, ―India more than doubled its population, from 452 million to more than 1 billion. At the same time, it nearly tripled its grain production from 87 million tonnes to 231 million tonnes. It accomplished this feat while increasing cultivated grain acreage（土地面积）a mere 8 percent.‖It was in India that Norman Borlaug‘s work was described as the ‗Green Revolution.‘In AfricaAfrica suffered widespread hunger and starvation through the 70s and 80s. Food and aid poured in from most developed countries into the continent, but thanks to the absence of efficient distribution system, the hungry remained empty-stomach. The then Chairman of the Nippon Foundation, Ryoichi Sasakawa wondered why the methods used in Mexico and India were not extended to Africa. He called up Norman Borlaug, now leading a semi-retired life, for help. He managed to convince Borlaug to help with his new effort and subsequently founded the Sasakawa Africa Association. Borlaug later recalled, ―but after I saw the terrible circumstances there, I said, ‗Let‘s just start growing‘‖.The success in Africa was not as spectacular as it was in India or Mexico. Those elements that allowed Borlaug‘s projects to succeed, such as well-organized economies and transportation and irrigation systems, were severely lacking throughout Africa. Because of this, Borlaug‘s initial projects were restricted to developed regions of the continent. Nevertheless, yields of maize, sorghum（高粱）and wheat doubled between 1983 and 1985.Nobel PrizeFor his contributions to the world food supply, Borlaug was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970. Norwegian officials notified his wife in Mexico City at 4:00 a.m., but Borlaug had already left for the test fields in the Toluca valley, about 65km west of Mexico City. A chauffeur（司机）took her to the fields to inform her husband. In his acceptance speech, Borlaug said, ―the first essential component of social justice is adequate food for all mankind. Food is the moral right of all who are born into this world. Yet, 50 percent of the world population goes hungry.‖Green Revolution vs EnvironmentalistsBorlaug‘s advocacy of intensive high-yield agriculture came under severe criticism from environmentalists in recent years. His work faced environmental and socio-economic criticisms, including charges that his methods have created dependence on monoculture crops, unsustainable farming practices, heavy indebtedness among subsistence farmers, and high levels of cancer among those who work with agriculture chemicals. There are also concerns about the long-term sustainability of farming practices encouraged by the Green Revolution in both the developed and the developing world.In India, the Green Revolution is blamed for the destruction of India crop diversity, drought vulnerability, dependence on agro-chemicals that poison soils but reap large-scale benefits mostly to the American multi-national corporations. What these critics overwhelmingly advocate is a global movement towards ―organic‖ or ―sustainable‖ farming practices that avoid using chemicals and high technology in favour of natural fertilizers, cultivation and pest-control porgrammes.1. Norman Borlaug won a Nobel Prize for ______.A) his remarkable achievements in plant geneticsB) his spectacular contribution to safeguarding world peaceC) his great success in raising Africa‘s food productionD) his enduring efforts in combating world hunger2. How did Borlaug‘s wheat programme go during his first couple of years in Mexico?A) It met with resistance. C) It achieved unexpected progress.B) It was well received. D) It succeeded though with difficulty.3. What characterised Borlaug‘s Pitic 62 and Penjamo 62?A) Superior ability to breed new high-yielding varieties.B) Short and strong stems and resistance to diseases.C) Tall and thin stems and extremely large seed heads.D) Tendency to collapse under the weight of extra grain.4. What initially prevented Borlaug from achieving large-scale success in India?A) Farmer s‘ rejection of his planting techniques.B) The persistent drought throughout the country.C) Difficulty in importing high-yielding wheat seeds.D) The local government‘s slowness in taking action.5. According to United Nation‘s Food and Agriculture Organization, in 40 years between 1961 and 2001 India‘s grain production ______.A) almost doubled C) increased nearly three timesB) went up by 8 percent D) rose from 452 million to 1 billion tonnes6. Borlaug‘s success in Africa was not as spectacular as in India or Mexico because ______.A) the local farmers were uneducated and conservativeB) Africa‘s climate conditions were very differentC) his project in Africa was not properly managedD) Africa lacked the necessary supporting facilities7. What did Borlaug emphasise in his Nobel Prize acceptance speech?A) Abundance of food supply will contribute to world peace and stability.B) The Green Revolution will provide adequate food for all mankind.C) Adequate food for all mankind is essential in ensuring social justice.D) Without the Green Revolution half of the world population would starve.8. In recent years Borlaug‘s Green Revolution has been attacked by ______.9. In both developed and developing counties these are concerns whether in the long run Borlaug‘s farming practices will be ______.10. In India, critics attribute the destruction of Indian crop diversity to ______.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements inthe fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Oil is the substance that lubricates the world‘s economy. Because so many of our modern technologies and services depend on oil, nations, corporations, and institutions that control the trade in oil exercise extraordinary power. The ―energy crisis‖ of 1973-1974 in the United States demonstrated how the price of oil can affect U.S. government policies and the energy-using habits of the nation.By 1973, domestic U.S. sources of oil were peaking, and the nation was importing more of its oil, depending on a constant flow from abroad to keep cars on the road and machines running. In addition, at that time a greater percentage of homes and electrical plants were run on petroleum than today. Then, in 1973, the predominantly Arab nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) resolved to stop selling oil to the United States. The move was prompted by OPEC‘s desire to raise prices by restricting supply and by its opposition to U.S.support of Israel in the Arab-Israeli Yom Kippur War. The embargo (禁运) created panic in the West and caused oil prices to shoot up. Short-term oil shortages drove American consumers to wait in long lines at gas pumps.In response to the embargo, the U.S. government enforced a series of policies designed to reduce reliance on foreign oil. These included developing additional domestic sources (such as those on Alaska‘s North Slope), resuming extraction at sites that had b een shut down because of cost inefficiency, capping the price that domestic producers could charge for oil, and beginning to import oil from a greater diversity of nations. The government also established a stockpile (贮存) of oil as a short-term buffer (缓冲) against future shortages. Stored underground in large salt caves in Louisiana, this stockpile is called the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and currently contains over 600 million barrels of oil, roughly equivalent to one month‘s supply.47. We learn from the passage that in today‘s world, whoever monopolizes the oil market will beable to______________.48. Oil prices may exert influence not only on American government policies but on how energy______________.49. Besi des the sharp increase in oil prices, OPEC‘s 1973 oil embargo caused______________.50. Over the years before the OPEC‘s embargo America had depended heavily on ______________.51. As a measure to counter future shortages, the American government decided to______________ in caves underground.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.―Depression‖ is more than a serious economic downturn. What distinguishes a depres sion from a harsh recession is paralyzing fear—fear of the unknown so great that it causes consumers, businesses, and investors to retreat and panic. They save up cash and desperately cut spending. They sell stocks and other assets. A shattering loss of confidence inspires behavior that overwhelms the normal self-correcting mechanisms that usually prevent a recession from becoming deep and prolonged: a depression.Comparing 1929 with 2007-09, Christina Romer, the head of President Obama‘s Council of Economic Advisers, finds the initial blow to confidence far greater now than then. True, stock prices fell a third from September to December 1929, but fewer Americans then owned stocks. Moreover, home prices barely dropped. From December 1928 to December 1929, total household wealth declined only 3%. By contrast, the loss in household wealth between December 2007 and December 2008 was 17%. Both stocks and homes, more widely held, dropped more. Thus traumatized(受到创伤)，the economy might have gone into a free fall ending in depression. Indeed, it did go into free fall. Shoppers refrained from buying cars, appliances, and other big-ticket items. Spending on such ―durables‖ dro pped at a 12% annual rate in 2008‘s thi rd quarter, a 20% rate in the fourth. And businesses shelved investment projects.That these huge declines didn‘t lead to depression mainly reflects, as Romer argues, counter-measures taken by the government. Private markets for goods, services, labor, and securities do mostly self-correct, but panic feeds on itself and disarms these stabilizing tendencies. In this situation, only government can protect the economy as a whole, because most individuals and companies are involved in the self-defeating behavior of self-protection.Government‘s failure to perform this role in the early 1930s transformed recession into depression. Scholars will debate which interventions this time —the Federal Reserve‘s support of a failing credit system, guarantees of bank debt, Obama‘s ―stimulus‖ pl an and bank ―stress test‖—counted most in preventing a recurrence. Regardless, all these complex measures had the same psychological purpose: to reassure people that the free fall would stop and, thereby, curb the fear that would perpetuate (使持久) a free fall.All this improved confidence. But the consumer sentiment index remains weak, and all the rebound has occurred in Americans‘evaluation of future economic conditions, not the present.Unemployment (9.8%) is abysmal (糟透的)，the recovery‘s strength unclear. Here, too, there is an echo from the 1930s. Despite bottoming out in 1933，the Depression didn‘t end until World War II. Some government policies aided recovery; some hindered it. The good news today is that the bad news is not worse.52. Why do consumers, businesses and investors retreat and panic in times of depression?A) They suffer great losses in stocks, property and other assets.B) They find the self-correcting mechanisms dysfunctioning.C) They are afraid the normal social order will be paralyzed.D) They don‘t know what is going to happen in the future.53. What does Christina Romer say about the current economic recession?A) Its severity is no match for the Great Depression of 1929.B) Its initial blow to confidence far exceeded that of 1929.C) It has affected house owners more than stock holders.D) It has resulted in a free fall of the prices of commodities.54. Why didn‘t the current recession turn into a depression according to Christina Romer?A) The government intervened effectively.B) Private markets corrected themselves.C) People refrained from buying durables and big-ticket items.D) Individuals and companies adopted self-protection measures.55. What is the chief purpose of all the countermeasures taken?A) To create job opportunities. C) To stimulate domestic consumption.B) To curb the fear of a lasting free fall. D) To rebuild the credit system.56. What does the author think of today‘s economic situation?A) It may worsen without further stimulation. C) It has not gone from bad to worse.B) It will see a rebound sooner or later. D) It does not give people reason for pessimism.Passage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.―Usually when we walk through the rain forest we hear a soft sound from all the moist leaves and organic debris on the forest floor,‖ says ecologist Daniel Nepstad. ―Now we increasingly get rustle and crunch. That‘s the sound of a dying forest.‖Predictions of the collapse of the tropical rain forests have been around for years. Yet until recently the worst forecasts were almost exclusively linked to direct human activity, such as clear-cutting and burning for pastures or farms. Left alone, it was assumed, the world‘s rain forests would not only flourish but might even rescue us from disaster by absorbing the excess carbon dioxide and other planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now it turns out that may be wishful thinking. Some scientists believe that the rise in carbon levels means that the Amazon and other rain forests in Asia and Africa may go from being assets in the battle against rising temperatures to liabilities. Amazon plants, for instance, hold more than 100 billion metric tons of carbon, equal to 15 years of tailpipe and chimney emissions. If the collapse of the rain forests speeds up dramatically, it could eventually release 3.5-5 billion metric tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year — making forests the leading source of greenhouse gases.Uncommonly severe droughts brought on by global climate change have led to forest-eating wildfires from Australia to Indonesia, but nowhere more acutely than in the Amazon. Some experts say that the rain forest is already at the brink of collapse.Extreme weather and reckless development are plotting against the rain forest in ways that scientists have never seen. Trees need more water as temperatures rise, but the prolonged droughts have robbed them of moisture, making whole forests easily cleared of trees and turned into farmland. The picture worsens with each round of El Niño, the unusually warm currents in the Pacific Ocean that drive up temperatures and invariably presage (预示）droughts and fires in the rain forest. Runaway fires pour even more carbon into the air, which increases temperatures, starting the whole vicious cycle all over again.More than paradise lost, a perishing rain forest could trigger a domino effect—sending winds and rains kilometers off course and loading the skies with even greater levels of greenhouse gases—that will be felt far beyond the Amazon basin. In a sense, we are already getting a glimpse of what‘s to come. Each burning season in the Amazon, fi res deliberately set by frontier settlersand developers hurl up almost half a billion metric tons of carbon a year, placing Brazil among the top five contributors to greenhouse gases in the world.57. We learn from the first paragraph that _______.A) dead leaves and tree debris make the same soundB) trees that are dying usually give out a soft moanC) organic debris echoes the sounds in a rain forestD) the sound of a forest signifies its health condition58. In the second paragraph, the author challenges the view that _______.A) the collapse of rain forests is caused by direct human interferenceB) carbon emissions are the leading cause of current global warmingC) the condition of rain forests has been rapidly deterioratingD) rain forests should not be converted into pastures or farms59. The author argues that the rising carbon levels in rain forests may _______.A) turn them into a major source of greenhouse gasesB) change the weather patterns throughout the worldC) pose a threat to wildlifeD) accelerate their collapse60. What has made it easier to turn some rain forests into farmland?A) Rapid rise in carbon levels.B) Reckless land development.C) Lack of rainfall resulting from global warming.D) The unusual warm currents in the Pacific Ocean.61. What makes Brazil one of the world‘s top five contributors to greenhouse gases?A) The domino effect triggered by the perishing rain forests.B) Its practice of burning forests for settlement and development.C) The changed patterns of winds and rains in the Amazon area.D) Its inability to curb the carbon emissions from industries.Part V Cloze(15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choosethe ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.The continuous presentation of scary stories aboutglobal warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it 62 our kids.Al Gore famously 63 how a sea-level rise of 20 feet would almost completely flood Florida, New York, Holland, and Shanghai, 64 the United Nations says that such a thing will not even happen, 65 that sea levels will rise 20 times less than that.When 66 with these exaggerations, some of us say that they are for a good cause, and surely 67 is no harm done if the result is that we focus even more on tackling climate change.This 68 is astonishingly wrong. Such exaggerations do plenty of harm. Worrying 69 about global warming means that we worry less about other things, where we could do so much more good. We focus, 70 , on global warming‘s impact on malaria(疟疾) –which will put slightly more people at 71 in 100 years –instead of tackling the half a billion people 72 from malaria today with prevention and treatment policies that are much cheaper and dramatically more effective than carbon reduction would be.73 also wears out the public‘s willingness to tackle global warming. If the planet is 74 , people wonder, why do 62. A) exhausts C) terrifiesB) suppresses D) disgusts63. A) dismissed C) depositedB) distracted D) depicted64. A) as if C) in thatB) even though D) in case65. A) measuring C) estimatingB) signifying D) extracting66. A) confronted C) equippedB) identified D) entrusted67. A) such C) whatB) there D) which68. A) morality C) argumentB) interaction D) dialogue69. A) prevalently C) expressivelyB) predictably D) excessively70. A) for example C) by contrastB) in addition D) in short71. A) will C) easeB) large D) risk72. A) suffering C) developingB) deriving D) stemminganything? A record 54% of American voters now believe the news media make global warming appear worse than it really is. A 75 of people now believe – incorrectly – that global warming is not even caused by humans.But the 76 cost of exaggeration, I believe, is the unnecessary alarm that it causes – particularly 77 children. An article in The Washington Post cited nine-year-old Alyssa, who cries about the possibility of mass animal 78 from global warming.The newspaper also reported that parents are 79 ―productive‖outlets for their eight-year-olds‘obsessions(忧心忡忡) with dying polar bears. They might be better off educating them and letting them know that, contrary 80 common belief, the global polar bear population has doubled and perhaps even quadrupled(成为四倍)over the past half-century, to about 22,000. 81 diminishing –and eventually disappearing – summer Arctic ice, polar bears will not become extinct. 73. A) Explanation C) ExaggerationB) Reservation D) Revelation74. A) dumped C) doubledB) dimmed D) doomed75. A) mixture C) quantityB) majority D) quota76. A) smallest C) fewestB) worst D) least77. A) among C) byB) of D) toward78. A) separation C) isolationB) sanction D) extinction79. A) turning out C) searching forB) tiding over D) pulling through80. A) upon C) aboutB) to D) with81. A) Despite C) RegardlessB) Besides D) ExceptPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.82. She fell into deep thought, with _______________________________ (她的眼睛紧盯着屏幕).83. _______________________________ (直到十八世纪中叶) did scientists realize that thewhole of the brain was involved in the working of the mind.84. It is universally acknowledged that nothing is more precious than time,_______________________________ (但又没有什么比时间更不受珍惜).85. _______________________________ (你要是更小心些就好了)! The accident could have been avoided.86. A professor at the Academy has proposed that __________________________ (设立专项基金来推进创新).◆答案速查◆1 D2 D3 B4 A5 C6 D7 C8. environmentalists 9. sustainable 10. the Green Revolution47. exercise extraordinary power48. is used in the nation/country49. panic in the west50. foreign oil51. establish a stockpile of oil52 D 53B 54A 55B 56C 57D 58A 59A 6C 61B62 C 63D 64B 65C 66A 67B 68C 69D 7A 71D72 A 73C 74D 75B 76B 77A 78D 79C 8B 81A82. her eyes closely staring at the screen83. Not until the middle of the 18th century84. while nothing is less cherished than time85. If only you had been more careful86. a special fund should be set up to boost innovation。

2013年6月英语六级考试真题及答案(最新)

2013年6月英语六级考试真题及答案(完整版)Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

点击进入：2013年6月英语六级听力mp3及下载11. A) She has completely recovered.B) She went into shock after an operation.C) She is still in a critical condition.D) She is getting much better.12. A) Ordering a breakfast.C) Buying a train ticket.B) Booking a hotel room.D) Fixing a compartment.13. A) Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B) The man is the only one who brought her book back.C) She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D) Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.14. A) She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B) She attended the supermarket’s grand opening ceremony.C) She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D) She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.15. A) He is bothered by the pain in his neck.B) He cannot do his report without a computer.C) He cannot afford to have a coffee break.D) He feels sorry to have missed the report.16. A) Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B) The gallery space is big enough for the man’s paintings.C) The woman would like to help with the exibition layout.D) The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.17. A) The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B) The man works in the same department as the woman does.C) The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D) The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.18. A) It was better than the previous one.B) It distorted the mayor’s speech.C) It exaggerated the city’s economy problems.D) It reflected the opinions of most economists.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) To inform him of a problem they face.B) To request him to purchase control desks.C) To discuss the content of a project report.D) To ask him to fix the dictating machine.20. A) They quote the best price in the market.B) They manufacture and sell office furniture.C) They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.D) They cannot produce the steel sheets needed21. A) By marking down the unit price.B) By accepting the penalty clauses.C) By allowing more time for delivery.D) By promising better after-sales service.22. A) Give the customer a ten percent discount.B) Claim compensation from the stool suppliers.C) Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers.D) Cancel the contract with the customer.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Stockbroker.C) Mathematician.B) Physicist. D) Economist.24. A) Improve computer programming.B) Predict global population growth.C) Explain certain natural phenomena.D) Promote national financial health.25. A) Their different educational backgrounds.B) Changing attitudes toward nature.C) Chaos theory and its applications.D) The current global economic crisis.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年6月英语四级真题第一套仔细阅读第一篇答案+解析

2013年6月英语四级真题第一套仔细阅读第一篇答案+解析Section B Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed bysome questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We’re eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we’re doing and yet we do it anyway. So here’s a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation:Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it’s displayed? "Many policy measures to control obesity （肥胖症）assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods," note the two researchers. "In contrast," the researchers continue, "many regulations that don’t assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance -- like food -- of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems." The research references studies of people’s behavior with f ood and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them: Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren’t handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted （分配）based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink. Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sale of food in places that aren’t primarily food stores? Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can’t buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they’re easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年12月英语月六级考试考前攻击深度阅读两篇及答案

2013年6月六级真题Section BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based pm the following passage.In 2011, many shoppers chose to avoid the frantic crowds and do their holiday shopping from the comfort of their computer. Sales at online retailers gained by more than 15%, making it the biggest season ever. But people are also returning those purchases at record rates, up 8% from last year.What went wrong? Is the lingering shadow of the global financial crisis making it harder to accept extravagant indulgences? Or that people shop more impulsively—and therefore make bad decisions—when online? Both arguments are plausible. However, there is a third factor: a question of touch. We can love the look but, in an online environment, we cannot feel the quality of a texture, the shape of the fit, the fall of a fold or, for that matter, the weight of an earring. And physically interacting with an object makes you more committed to your purchase.When my most recent book Brandwashed was released, I teamed up with a local bookstore to conduct an experiment about the difference between the online and offline shopping experience.I carefully instructed a group of volunteers to promote my book in two different ways. The first was a fairly hands-off approach. Whenever a customer would inquire about my book, the volunteer would take them over to the shelf and point to it. Out of 20 such requests, six customers proceeded with the purchase.The second option also involved going over to the shelf but, this time, removing the book and them subtly holding onto it for just an extra moment before placing it in the customer’s hands. Of the 20 people who were handed the book, 13 ended up buying it. Just physically passing the book showed a big difference in sales. Why? We feel something similar to a sense of ownership when we hold things in our hand. That’s why we establish or reestablish connection by greeting strangers and friends with a handshake. In this case, having to then let go of the book after holding it might generate a subtle sense of loss, and motivate us to make the purchase even more.A recent study also revealed the power of touch, in this case when it came to conventional mail.A deeper and longer-lasting impression of a message was formed when delivered in a letter, as opposed to receiving the same message online. Brain imaging showed that, on touching the paper, the emotional center of the brain was activated, thus forming a stronger bond. The study also indicated that once touch becomes part of the process, it could translate into a sense ofpossession.This sense of ownership is simply not part of the equation in the online shopping experience.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年大学英语六级考试阅读训练题(8)

You stare at waterfall for a minute or two, and then shift your gaze to its surroundings. What you now see appears to drift upward.These optical illusions occur because the brain is constantly matching its model of reality to signals from the body¨s sensors and interpreting what must be happening！that your brain must have moved, not the other; that downward motions is now normal, so a change from it must now be perceived as upward motion.The sensors that make this magic are of two kinds. Each eye contains about 120 million rods, which provide somewhat blurry black and white vision. These are the windows of night vision; once adapted to the dark, they can detect a candle burning ten miles away.Color vision in each eye comes from six to seven million structures called cones. Under ideal conditions, every cone can ＾see￣ the entire rainbow spectrum of visible colors, but one type of cone is most sensitive to red, another to green, a third to blue.Rods and cones send their messages pulsing an average 20 to 25 times per second along the optic nerve. We see an image for a fraction of a second longer than it actually appears. In movies, reels of still photographs are projected onto screens at 24 frames per second, tricking our eyes into seeing a continuous moving picture.Like apparent motion, color vision is also subject to unusual effects. When day gives way to night, twilight brings what the poet T.S. Eliot called ＾the violet hour.￣A light levels fall, the rods become progressively less responsive. Rods are most sensitive to the shorter wavelengths of blue and green, and they impart a strange vividness to the garden¨s blue flowers.However, look at a white shirt during the reddish light of sunset, and you¨ll still see it in its ＾true￣ color！white, not red. Our eyes are constantly comparing an object against its surroundings. They therefore observe the effect of a shift in the color of illuminating on both, and adjust accordingly.The eyes can distinguish several million graduations of light and shade of color. Each waking second they flash tens of millions of pieces of information to the brain, which weaves them incessantly into a picture of the world around us.Yet all this is done at the back of each eye by a fabric of sensors, called the retina, about as wide and as thick as a postage stamp. As the Renaissance inventor and artist Leonardo da Vinci wrote in wonder, ＾Who would believe that so small a space could contain the images of all the universe?￣1.Visual illusions often take place when the image of reality is ___.A.matched to six to seven million structures called cones.B.confused in the body¨s sensors of both rods and cones.C.interpreted in the brain as what must be the case.D.signaled by about 120 million rods in the eye.2.The visual sensor that is capable of distinguishing shades of color is called ___.A.conesB.color visionC.rodsD.spectrum3.The retina send pulses to the brain ___.A.in short wavelengthsB.as color picturesC.by a ganglion cellD.along the optic nerve.4.Twenty-four still photographs are made into a continuous moving picture just because ___.A.the image we see usually stays longer than it actually appears.B.we see an object in comparison with its surroundings.C.the eyes catch million pieces of information continuously.D.rods and cones send messages 20 to 25 times a second.5.The author¨s purpose in writing the passage lies in ___.A.showing that we sometimes are deceived by our own eyes.rming us about the different functions of the eye organs.C.regretting that we are too slow in the study of eyes.D.marveling at the great work done by the retina.。

2013六级模拟题一答案

2013年大学英语六级模拟测试一参考答案Part I Writing (15%)A Harmonious Society in My MindNowadays, it seems known to everybody that one of the objectives of China’s modern construction is to build a harmonious society. All of a sudden, “a harmonious society”has become a frequently-used phrase in media news, newspaper etc. It is the trend of China’s development.But what is a harmonious society? In my mind, there are several aspects included in building a harmonious society. First, a harmonious society has democracy in its politics to ensure the maximum benefits of the people. Second, a harmonious society has equality and justice to protect the rights of every citizen. Third, a harmonious society has good faith and friendly relation between people to create a favorable atmosphere for living and doing business. Forth, a harmonious society has energy to make sure its creativity. Fifth, a harmonious society has stability and order to provide people with a comfortable environment. Sixth, a harmonious society has harmony between humankind and nature for a sustainable development of economy.To be true, it needs joint efforts of every person in China to realize this great goal. For me, I am a student in college. What I can do is to develop good relations with people around me, help others as much as possible, spread this awareness to as many people as possible, laying a foundation for this tall building.Part II Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）(10%)1. C2. B3. A4. D5. B6. C7. A8. higher-order passion9. your favorite activities 10. team upPart III Listening Comprehension (35%)（11-35 题每题1分，共25分；36-43题每题0.5分，共4分；44-46题每题2分，共6分）11-15 DBCBB 16-20 ADCBD 21-25 ABCCA 26-30 ABDCC 31-35 DBCBA36. casual 37.toll 38.prematurely 39.executive 40.untreated 41.pull 42.bills 43. functional44. In the eighties, many corporations developed generous programs to help alcoholic employees recover, often withgratifying results45. Although few companies are eliminating alcohol treatment benefits entirely, many are hiring outside vendors tomanage care46. Business is right to be concerned about the cost of alcoholism treatment, but the key concern should be effectivenessPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25%)Section A （5%）47. public ignorance 48. determine one’s personality 49. They claimed the radionic machine would broadcast the cure. 50. curing the sicknesses 51. People will look back on past medical practices with suspicion．Section B （20%）Passage One 52-56 ADBCC Passage Two 57-61 DACBAPart V Cloze (10%)62-66 CBACB 67-71 ADADB 72-76 CADCD 77-81 BCDABPart VI Translation (5%)82. wants to raise the rent by a third83. or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church84. the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy85. of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster-stricken area86. than she fell ill听力原文Section A11. M: Do you know anyone who has a sparebookshelf? I just don’t know whereto put my newly-borrowed referencematerials.W: Have you checked with Marsha?Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? 【听前预测】由选项中重复出现的Marsha和bookshelf可知，对话与Marsha和书架有关。

2013年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题(三套)

2013年6月大学英语六级真题阅读理解第1套Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as dismal as anticipated. Unemployment in January jumped to a 16-year high of 7.6 percent, as 598,000 jobs were slashed from U.S. payrolls in the worst single-month decline since December, 1974. With 1.8 million jobs lost in the last three months, there is urgent desire in Washington to boost the economy as quickly as possible. But Washington would do well to take a deep breath before reacting to the grim numbers.Collectively, we rely on the unemployment figures and other statistics to frame our sense of reality. They are a vital part of an array of data that we use to assess if we're doing well or doing badly, and that in turn shapes government policies and corporate budgets and personal spending decisions. The problem is that the statistics aren't an objective measure of reality; they are simply a best approximation. Directionally, they capture the trends, but the idea that we know precisely how many are unemployed is a myth. That makes finding a solution all the more difficult.First, there is the way the data is assembled. The official unemployment rate is the product of a telephone survey of about 60,000 homes. There is another survey, sometimes referred to as the "payroll survey," that assesses 400,000 businesses based on their reported payrolls. Both surveys have problems. The payroll survey can easily double-count someone: if you are one person with two jobs, you show up as two workers. The payroll survey also doesn't capture the number of self-employed, and so says little about how many people are generating an independent income.The household survey has a larger problem. When asked straightforwardly, people tend to lie or shade the truth when the subject is sex, money or employment. If you get a call and are asked if you're employed, and you say yes, you're employed. If you say no, however, it may surprise you to learn that you are only unemployed if you've been actively looking for work in the past four weeks; otherwise, you are "marginally attached to the labor force" and not actually unemployed.The urge to quantify is embedded in our society. But the idea that statisticians can then capture an objective reality isn't just impossible. It also leads to serious misjudgments. Democrats and Republicans can and will take sides on those issues, but a more crucial concern is that both are basing major policy decisions on guesstimates rather than looking at the vast wealth of raw data with a critical eye and an open mind52. what do we learn from the first paragraph?A) The US economic situation is going from bad to worse.B) Washington is taking drastic measures to provide more jobs.C) The US government is slashing more jobs from its payrolls.D) The recent economic crisis has taken the U.S. by surprise.53. What does the author think of the unemployment figures and other statistics?A) They form a solid basis for policy making. B) They represent the current situation.C) They signal future economic trends. D) They do not fully reflect the reality.54. one problem with the payroll survey is that_______.A) it does not include all the businesses. B) it fails to count in the self-employedC) it magnifies the number of the jobless D) it does not treat all companies equally55. the household survey can be faulty in that_________.A) people tend to lie when talking on the phone B) not everybody is willing or ready to respondC) some people won’t provide truthful information D) the definition of unemployment is too broad56. At the end of the passage, the author suggests that__________.A) statisticians improve their data assembling methodsB) decision makers view the statistics with a critical eyeC) politicians listen more before making policy decisionsD) Democrats and Republicans cooperate on crucial issuesPassage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.AT some point in 2008, someone, probably in either Asia or Africa, made the decision to move from the countryside to the city. This nameless person pushed the human race over a historic threshold, for it was in that year that mankind became, for the first time in its history, a predominantly urban species.It is a trend that shows no sign of slowing. Demographers reckon that three-quarters of humanity could be city-dwelling by 2050, with most of the increase coming in the fast-growing towns of Asia and Africa. Migrants to cities are attracted by plentiful jobs, access to hospitals and education, and the ability to escape the enervating boredom of a peasant’s agricultural life. Those factors are more than enough to make up for the squalor（肮脏）, disease and spectacular poverty that those same migrants must often at first endure when they become urban dwellers.It is the city that inspires the latest book from Peter Smith. His main thesis is that the buzz of urban life, and the opportunities it offers for co-operation and collaboration, is what attracts people to the city, which in turn makes cities into the engines of art, commerce, science and progress. This is hardly revolutionary, but it is presented in a charming format. Mr. Smith has written a breezy guidebook, with a series of short chapters dedicated to specific aspects of urbanity—parks, say, or the various schemes that have been put forwardover the years for building the perfect city. The result is a sort of high-quality, unusually rigorous coffee-table book, designed to be dipped into rather than read from beginning to end.In the chapter on skyscrapers, for example, Mr. Smith touches on construction methods, the revolutionary invention of the automatic lift, the practicalities of living in the sky and the likelihood that, as cities become more crowded, apartment living will become the norm. But there is also time for brief diversions onto quirkier ground, such as a discussion of the skyscraper index (which holds that a boom in skyscraper construction is a foolproof sign of an imminent recession).One obvious criticism is that the price of breadth is depth; many of Mr. Smith’s essays raise as many questions as they answer. Although that can indeed be frustrating, this is probably the only way to treat so grand a vast topic. The city is the building block of civilisation and of almost everything people do; a guidebook to the city is really, therefore, a guidebook to how a large and ever-growing chunk of humanity chooses to live. Mr Smith’s book serves as an excellent introduction to a vast subject, and will suggest plenty of further lines of inquiry.57. In what way is the year 2008 historic?A) For the first time in history, urban people outnumbered rural people.B) An influential figure decided to move from the countryside to the city.C) It is in this year that urbanisation made a start in Asia and Africa.D) The population increase in cities reached a new peak in Asia and Africa.58. What does the author say about urbanisation?A) Its impact is not easy to predict. B) Its process will not slow down.C) It is a milestone in human progress. D) It aggravates the squalor of cities.59. How does the author comment on Peter Smith’s new book?A) It is but an ordinary coffee-table book. B) It is flavoured with humorous stories.C) It serves as a guide to arts and commerce. D) It is written in a lively and interesting style.60. What does the author say in the chapter on skyscrapers?A) The automatic lift is indispensable in skyscrapers. B) People enjoy living in skyscrapers with a view.C) Skyscrapers are a sure sign of a city’s prosperity.D) Recession closely follows a skyscraper boom.61. What may be one criticism of Mr. Smith’s book?A) It does not really touch on anything serious. B) It is too long for people to read from cover to cover. C) It does not deal with any aspect of city life in depth. D) It fails to provide sound advice to city dwellers.2013年6月大学英语六级真题阅读理解第2套Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.''Depression'' is more than a serious economic downturn. What distinguishes a depression from a harsh recession is paralyzing fear---fear of the unknown so great that it causes consumers, businesses, and investors to retreat and panic. They save up cash and desperately cut spending. They sell stocks and other assets. A shattering loss of confidence inspires behavior that overwhelms the normal self-correcting mechanisms that usually prevent a recession from becoming deep and prolonged: a depression.Comparing 1929 with 2007-09, Christina Romer, the head of President Obama's Council of Economic Advisers, finds the initial blow to confidence far greater now than then. True, stock prices fell a third from September to December 1929, but fewer Americans then owned stocks. Moreover, home prices barely dropped. From December 1928 to December 1929，total household wealth declined only 3%. By contrast, the loss in household wealth between December 2007 and December 2008 was 17%. Both stocks and homes, more widely held, dropped more. Thus traumatized (受到创伤)，the economy might have gone into a free fall ending in depression. Indeed, it did go into free fall. Shoppers refrained from buying cars, appliances, and other big-ticket items. Spending on such "durables" drop ped at a 12% annual rate in 2008’s third quarter, a 20% rate in the fourth. And businesses shelved investment projects.That these huge declines didn’t lead to depression mainly reflects, as Romer argues, counter-measures taken by the government. Private markets for goods, services, labor, and securities do mostly self-correct, but panic feeds on itself and disarms these stabilizing tendencies. In this situation, only government can protect the economy as a whole, because most individuals and companies are involved in the self-defeating behavior of self-protection.Government’s failure to perform this role in the early 1930s transformed recession into depression. Scholars will debate which interventions this time--the Federal Reserve’s support of a failing credit system, guarantees of bank debt, Obama’ s “stimulus” plan and bank "stress test" --counted most in preventing a recurrence. Regardless, all these complex measures had the same psychological purpose: to reassure people that the free fall would stop and, thereby, curb the fear that would perpetuate (使持久）a free fall.All this improved confidence. But the consumer sentiment index remains weak, and all the rebound has occurred in Americans' evaluation of future economic conditions, not the present. Unemployment (9.8%) is abysmal (糟透的)，the recovery's strength unclear. Here, too, there is an echo from the 1930s. Despite bottoming out in 1933，the Depression didn't end until World War II. Some government policies aided recovery; some hindered it. The good news today is that the bad news is not worse.52. Why do consumers, businesses and investors retreat and panic in times of depression?A) They suffer great losses in stocks, property and other assets.B) They find the self-correcting mechanisms dysfunctioning.C) They are afraid the normal social order will be paralyzed.D) They don't know what is going to happen in the future.53. What does Christina Romer say about the current economic recession?A) Its severity is no match for the Great Depression of 1929.B) Its initial blow to confidence far exceeded that of 1929.C) It has affected house owners more than stock holders.D) It has resulted in a free fall of the prices of commodities.54. Why didn’t the current recession turn into a depression according to Christina Romer?A) The government intervened effectively.B) Private markets corrected themselves.C) People refrained from buying durables and big-ticket items.D) Individuals and companies adopted self-protection measures.55. What is the chief purpose of all the countermeasures taken?A) To create job opportunities. B) To curb the fear of a lasting free fall.C) To stimulate domestic consumption. D) To rebuild the credit system.56. What does the author think of today’s economic situation?A) It may worsen without further stimulation.B) It will see a rebound sooner or later.C) It has not gone from bad to worse. D) It does not give people reason for pessimism.Passage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.“Usually when we walk through the rain forest we hear a soft sound from all the moist leaves and organic debris on the forest floor,” says ecologist Daniel Nepstad. “Now we increasingly get rustle and crunch. That’s the sound of a dying forest.”Predictions of the collapse of the tropical rain forests have been around for years. Yet until recently the worst forecasts were almost exclusively linked to direct human activity, such as clear- cutting and burning for pastures or farms. Left alone, it was assumed, the world’s rain forests would not only flourish but might even rescue us from disaster by absorbing the excess carbon dioxide and other planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now it turns out that may be wishful thinking. Some scientists believe that the rise in carbon levels means that the Amazon and other rain forests in Asia and Africa may go from being assets in the battle against rising temperatures to liabilities. Amazon plants, for instance, hold more than 100 billion metric tons of carbon, equal to 15-years of tailpipe and chimney emissions. If the collapse of the rain forests speeds up dramatically, it could eventually release 3.5-5 billion metric tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year making forests the leading source of greenhouse gases.Uncommonly severe droughts brought on by global climate change have led to forest-eating wildfires from Australia to Indonesia, but nowhere more acutely than in the Amazon. Some experts say that the rain forest is already at the brink of collapse.Extreme weather and reckless development are plotting against the rain forest in ways that scientists have never seen. Trees need more water as temperatures rise, but the prolonged droughts have robbed them of moisture, making whole forests easily cleared of trees and turned into farmland. The picture worsens with each round of El Nino, the unusually warm currents in the Pacific Ocean that drive up temperatures and invariably presage (预示）droughts and fires in the rain forest. Runaway fires pour even more carbon into the air, which increases temperatures, starting the whole vicious cycle all over again.More than paradise lost, a perishing rain forest could trigger a domino effect----- sending winds and rains kilometers off course and loading the skies with even greater levels of greenhouse gases—that will be felt far beyond the Amazon basin. In a sense, we are already getting a glimpse of what’s to come. Each burning season in the Amazon, fires deliberately set by frontier settlers and developers hurl up almost half abillion metric tons of carbon a year, placing Brazil among the top five contributors to greenhouse gases in the world.57. We learn from the first paragraph that _______.A) dead leaves and tree debris make the same soundB) trees that are dying usually give out a soft moanC) organic debris echoes the sounds in a rain forestD) the sound of a forest signifies its health condition58. In the second paragraph, the author challenges the view that _______.A) the collapse of rain forests is caused by direct human interferenceB) carbon emissions are the leading cause of current global warmingC) the condition of rain forests has been rapidly deterioratingD) rain forests should not be converted into pastures or farms59. The author argues that the rising carbon levels in rain forests may _______.A) turn them into a major source of greenhouse gasesB) change the weather patterns throughout the world leavesC) pose a threat to wildlifeD) accelerate their collapse60. What has made it easier to turn some rain forests into farmland?A) Rapid rise in carbon levels.B) Reckless land development.C) Lack of rainfall resulting from global warming.D) The unusual warm currents in the Pacific Ocean.61. What makes Brazil one of the world’s top five contributors to greenhouse gases?A) The domino effect triggered by the perishing rain forests,B) Its practice of burning forests for settlement and development,C) The changed patterns of winds and rains in the Amazon area.D) Its inability to curb the carbon emissions from industries.2013年6月大学英语六级真题阅读理解第3套Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.In 2011, many shoppers chose to avoid the frantic crowds and do their holiday shopping from the comfort of their computer. Sales at online retailers gained by more than 15%, making it the biggest season ever. But people are also returning those purchases at record rates, up 8% from last year.What went wrong? Is the lingering shadow of the global financial crisis making it harder to accept extravagant indulgences? Or that people shop more impulsively—and therefore make bad decisions—when online? Both arguments are plausible. However, there is a third factor: a question of touch. We can love the look but, in an online environment, we cannot feel the quality of a texture, the shape of the fit, the fall of a fold or, for that matter, the weight of an earring. And physically interacting with an object makes you more committed to your purchase.When my most recent book Brandwashed was released, I teamed up with a local bookstore to conduct an experiment about the difference between the online and offline shopping experience. I carefully instructed a group of volunteers to promote my book in two different ways. The first was a fairly hands-off approach. Whenever a customer would inquire about my book, the volunteer would take them over to the shelf and point to it. Out of 20 such requests, six customers proceeded with the purchase.The second option also involved going over to the shelf but, this time, removing the book and then subtly holding onto it for just an extra moment before placing it in the customer’s hands. Of the 20 people who were handed the book, 13 ended up buying it. Just physically passing the book showed a big difference in sales. Why? We feel something similar to a sense of ownership when we hold things in our hand. That’s why we establish or reestablish connection by greeting strangers and friends with a handshake. In this case, having to then let go of the book after holding it might generate a subtle sense of loss, and motivate us to make the purchase even more.A recent study also revealed the power of touch, in this case when it came to conventional mail. A deeper and longer-lasting impression of a message was formed when delivered in a letter, as opposed to receiving the same message online. Brain imaging showed that, on touching the paper, the emotional center of the brain was activated, thus forming a stronger bond. The study also indicated that once touch becomes part of the process, it could translate into a sense of possession. This sense of ownership is simply not part of the equation in the online shopping experience.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年全国大学生英语六级考试模拟试题及答案详解

2013年全国大学生英语六级考试模拟试题及答案详解Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a compositionon the topic: Travel-mate Wanted. You should write at least 150 word following the outline given below:假设你是李明，假期即将到来，你打算做一次为期三周的旅行，希望找个外国朋友作为游伴(Travel-mate)。

拟一个寻游伴的启事，交代清楚日程安排、费用分担情况、对对方的要求等，并说明对方和你一起出游的好处。

Travel-mate WantedPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quicklyand answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-4, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Is College Really Worth the Money?The Real WorldEste Griffith had it all figured out. When she graduated from the Universityof Pittsburgh in April 2001, she had her sights set on one thing: working for a labor union.The real world had other ideas. Griffith left school with not only a degree,but a boatload of debt. She owed $15,000 in student loans and had racked up $4,000 in credit card debt for books, groceries and other expenses. No labor union job could pay enough to bail her out.So Griffith went to work instead for a Washington, D.C. firm that specializesin economic development. Problem solved? Nope. At age 24, she takes home about $1,800a month, $1,200 of which disappears to pay her rent. Add another $180 a month to retire her student loans and $300 a month to whittle down her credit card balance. "You do the math," she says.Griffith has practically no money to live on. She brown-bags(自带午餐)her lunchand bikes to work. Above all, she fears she'll never own a house or be able to retire. It's not that she regrets getting her degree. "But they don't tell you that thetrade-off is the next ten years of your income," she says.That's precisely the deal being made by more and more college students. They're mortgaging their futures to meet soaring tuition costs and other college expenses. Like Griffith, they're facing a one-two punch at graduation: hefty(深重的)student loans and smothering credit card debt—not to mention a job market that, for now anyway, is dismal."We are forcing our children to make a choice between two evils," says Elizabeth Warren, a Harvard Law professor and expert on bankruptcy. "Skip college and face a life of diminished opportunity. or go to college and face a life shackled(束缚)bydebt."Tuition HikesFor some time, colleges have insisted their steep tuition hikes are needed topay for cutting-edge technologies, faculty and administration salaries, and rising health care costs. Now there's a new culprit(犯人): shrinking state support. Caughtin a severe budget crunch, many states have sharply scaled back their funding for higher education.Someone had to make up for those lost dollars. And you can guess who—especially if you live in Massachusetts, which last year hiked its tuition and fees by 24 percent, after funding dropped by 3 percent, or in Missouri, where appropriations(拨款)fellby 10 percent, but tuition rose at double that rate. About one-third of the states,in fact, have increased tuition and fees by more than 10 percent.One of those states is California, and Janet Burrell's family is feeling thepain. A bookkeeper in Torrance, Burrell has a daughter at the University of California at Davis Meanwhile, her sons attend two-year colleges because Burrell can't afford to have all of them in four-year schools at once.Meanwhile, even with tuition hikes, California's community colleges are sostrapped for cash they dropped thousands of classes last spring. The result: 54,000 fewer students.Collapsing InvestmentsMany families thought they had a surefire plan: even if tuition kept skyrocketing,they had invested enough money along the way to meet the costs. Then a funny thinghappened on the way to Wall Street. Those investments collapsed with the stock market. Among the losers last year: the wildly popular "529" plans—federal tax-exemptcollege savings plans offered by individual states, which have attracted billionsfrom families around the country. "We hear from many parents that what they had set aside declined in value so much that they now don't have enough to see their students through," says Penn State financial aid director Anna Griswold, who witnessed a 10 percent increase in loan applications last year. Even with a market that may be slowly recovering, it will take time, perhaps several years, for people to recoup(补偿)their losses.Nadine Sayegh is among those who didn't have the luxury of waiting for her collegenest egg to grow back. Her father had invested money toward her tuition, but a large chunk of it vanished when stocks went south. Nadine was then only partway through college. By graduation, she had taken out at least $10,000 in loans, and her motherhad borrowed even more on her behalf. Now 22, Nadine is attending law school, having signed for yet more loans to pay for that. "There wasn't any way to do it differently,"she says, "and I'm not happy about it. I've sat down and calculated how long it willtake me to pay off everything. I'll be 35 years old." That's if she's very lucky:Nadine based her calculation on landing a job right out of law school that will payher at least $120,000 a year.Dependent on Loans and Credit CardsThe American Council on Education has its own calculation that shows how students are more and more dependent on loans. In just five years, from 1995 to 2000, themedian loan debt at public institutions rose from $10,342 to $15,375. Most of this comes from federal loans, which Congress made more tempting in 1992 by expanding eligibility (home equity no longer counts against your assets) and raising loanlimits (a dependent undergraduate can now borrow up to $23,000 from the federal government).But students aren't stopping there. The College Board estimates that they also borrowed $4.5 billion from private lenders in the 2000-2001 academic year, up from $1.5 billion just five years earlier.For lots of students, the worst of it isn't even the weight of those directstudent loans. It's what they rack up on all those plastic cards in their wallets.As of two years ago, according to a study by lender Nellie Mae, more than eight outof ten undergrads had their own credit cards, with the typical student carrying four. That's no big surprise, given the in-your-face marketing by credit card companies, which set up tables on campus to entice(诱惑)students to sign up. Some colleges ban or restrict this hawking, but others give it a boost. You know those credit cards emblazoned with a school's picture or its logo? For sanctioning such a card—amust-have for some students—a college department or association gets payments from the issuer. Meanwhile, from freshman year to graduation, according to the NellieMae study, students triple the number of credit cards they own and double their debton them. As of 2001, they were in the hole an average $2,327.A Wise Choice?One day, Moyer sat down with his mother, Janne O'Donnell, to talk about his goalof going to law school. Don't count on it, O'Donnell told him. She couldn't affordthe cost and Moyer doubted he could get a loan, given how much he owed already. "He said he felt like a failure," O'Donnell recalls. "He didn't know how he had gotteninto such a mess."A week later, the 22-year-old hanged himself in his bedroom, where his motherfound him. O'Donnell is convinced the money pressures caused his suicide. "Sean tried to pay his debts off," she says. "And he couldn't take it."To be sure, suicides are exceedingly rare. But despair is common, and itsometimes leads students to rethink whether college was worth it. In fact, thereare quite a few jobs that don't require a college degree, yet pay fairly well. On average, though, college graduates can expect to earn 80 percent more than those with only a high school diploma. Also, all but two of the 50 highest paying jobs(the exceptions being air traffic controllers and nuclear power reactor operators) require a four-year college degree. So foregoing a college education is often nota wise choice.Merit Mikhail, who graduated last June from the University of California,Riverside, is glad she borrowed to get through school. But she left Riverside owing $20,000 in student loans and another $7,000 in credit card debt. Now in law school, Merit hopes to become a public-interest attorney, yet she may have to postpone that goal, which bothers her. To handle her debt, she'll probably need to start with amore lucrative(有利的)legal job.Like so many other students. Mikhail took out her loans on a kind of blind faiththat she could deal with the consequences. "You say to yourself, 'I have to go into debt to make it work, and whatever it takes later, I'll manage.'" Later has now arrived, and Mikhail is finding out the true cost of her college degree.1. Griffith worked for a firm that specialized in economic development in Washington D.C. because she needed money to pay for her debt.2. The only problem the students are facing at graduation is the dismal job market.3. One reason why colleges increase tuition and fees is that the state supportis shrinking.4. Nearly all the families can manage to meet the soaring tuition costs through various investment plans.5. According to Nadine's calculation, she can pay off all her debt when she is________ if she can get a salary of $120,000 a year right out of law school.6. Students get money from not only federal loans but also ________.7. The college department or association can get payments from the issuer ifit sanctions credit cards decorated with ________.8. O'Donnell thinks that the cause of her 22-year-old son's suicide is ________.9. The author says that foregoing a college education is often not a wise choice because ________ of the 50 highest paying jobs require a four-year college degree except for air traffic controllers and nuclear power reactor operators.10. Merit will have to start with a more lucrative legal job instead of herfavorite position—a public-interest attorney because she has to ________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions orincomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Scientists say they have high hopes for a drug that could one day provide a new form of treatment for HIV-AIDS. A compound, which interferes with an elusive protein used by the HIV virus to infect human cells, has worked extremely well in monkeys. If the drug proves effective in human trials, scientists say, it could bolster(加强)the effectiveness of two existing AIDS drugs, particularly in fightingdrug-resistant strains of the virus.Researchers at the pharmaceutical(制药的)company Merck are very excited about an experimental drug, which has worked as well in monkeys infected with a primate version of the virus as any of the existing anti-AIDS drugs.It works by blocking one of three proteins, or enzymes, the HIV virus uses togain entrance into and infect human immune system cells.Inhibitor drugs have been developed to block two of the proteins, to slow progression of the disease after infection. They have become standard therapy asa "cocktail" for people infected with HIV.Those enzymes are reverse transcriptase (转录酶)and protease(蛋白酶). The first converts the virus' genetic material into that of its host cells. The second chopsup the resulting larger proteins into smaller pieces, producing smaller viral particles that infect new cells.The third prong of cellular attack is a protein called integrase(整合酶), which experts say has been harder to block. Once HIV fools host cells by changing its genetic information so it can enter them, integrase acts like a cut and paste operation in a word processor, deleting an immune cell's genetic material and replacing it with its own.An integrase inhibitor would give doctors a third line of attack against HIV infection, according to virologist Daria Hazuda of the division of Virus and Cell Biology at Merck."This would offer a third class of anti-retroviral medications that can becombined with reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors. And sinceit is a new mechanism of action, these compounds are active against multi-drug resistant variants. So variants that are resistant to all current therapies havebeen selected in HIV-patients," she said.Current anti-AIDS drugs eventually become resistant to therapy, or stop working, because the virus changes its shape.While researchers are encouraged by the success with the compound's effectiveness in monkey trials, developing a drug that is equally effective in humans can be difficult.Steven Young is executive director of the Department of Medicinal Chemistry at Merck. He says, if scientists find a compound that is equally effective in people,the company would ask U.S. regulators to speed approval of the drug."Yeah, I really think that's what we're hoping for," he said. "I mean, we needto get data that show it has robust anti-viral effects in people. And if we're ableto get that data, I think we would petition for fast track status."Dr. Young says an integrase inhibitor has the potential to prevent drug resistance."To ensure our best chance of preventing resistance, we would give this as part of a cocktail therapy," he added. "And I think it's really our plan that we wouldtest this with reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors, as well." 47. If the drug proves effective in human trials, it could enhance the effectiveness of existing AIDS drugs in ________.48. What has become standard cocktail therapy?49. While integrase deletes an immune cell's genetic material and replaces itwith its own, it acts like ________ in a word processor.50. Why would anti-AIDS drugs stop working?51. According to Steven Young, if scientists get the data that ________, they would petition for fast track status.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.Occasional self-medication has always been part of normal living. The makingand selling of drugs have a long history and are closely linked, like medical practice itself, with the belief in magic. Only during the last hundred years or so has the development of scientific techniques made it possible for some of the causes of symptoms to be understood, so that more accurate diagnosis has become possible. The doctor is now able to follow up the correct diagnosis of many illnesses with specific treatment of their causes. In many other illnesses, of which the causes remain unknown, it is still limited, like the unqualified prescriber, to the treatment of symptoms. The doctor is trained to decide when to treat symptoms only and when to attack the cause: this is the essential difference between medical prescribing andself-medication.The advance of technology has brought about much progress in some fields of medicine, including the development of scientific drug therapy. In many countriespublic health organization is improving and people's nutritional standards haverisen. Parallel with such beneficial trends have two adverse effects. One is theuse of high-pressure advertising by the pharmaceutical industry, which has tendedto influence both patients and doctors and has led to the overuse of drugs generally. The other is the emergence of the sedentary society with its faulty ways of life:lack of exercise, over-eating, unsuitable eating, insufficient sleep, excessivesmoking and drinking. People with disorders arising from faulty habits such as these,as well as from unhappy human relationships, often resort to self-medication andso add the taking of pharmaceuticals to the list. Advertisers go to great lengthsto catch this market.Clever advertising, aimed at chronic sufferers who will try anything becausedoctors have not been able to cure them, can induce such faith in a preparation, particularly if steeply priced, that it will produce—by suggestion—a very realeffect in some people. Advertisements are also aimed at people suffering from mild complaints such as simple colds and coughs, which clear up by themselves within a short time.These are the main reasons why laxatives, indigestion remedies, painkillers,tonics, vitamin and iron tablets and many other preparations are found in quantityin many households. It is doubtful whether taking these things ever improves aperson's health; it may even make it worse. Worse because the preparation may contain unsuitable ingredients; worse because the taker may become dependent on them; worse because they might be taken in excess; worse because they may cause poisoning, and worse of all because symptoms of some serious underlying cause may be masked and therefore medical help may not be sought.52. The first paragraph is intended to ________.[A] suggest that self-medication has a long history[B] define what diagnosis means exactly[C] praise doctors for their expertise[D] tell the symptoms from the causes53. Advertisements are aimed at people suffering from mild complaints because ________.[A] they often watch ads on TV[B] they are more likely to buy the drugs advertised[C] they generally lead a sedentary life[D] they don't take to sports and easily catch colds54. Paragraphs 2 and 3 explain ________.[A] those good things are not without side effects[B] why clever advertising is so powerful[C] why in modern times self-medication is still practised[D] why people develop faulty ways of life55. The author tells us in paragraph 4 ________.[A] the reasons for keeping medicines at home[B] people's doubt about taking drugs[C] what kind of medicine people should prepare at home[D] the possible harms self-medication may do to people56. The best title for the passage would be ________.[A] Medical Practice [B] Clever Advertising[C] Self-Medication [D] Self-TreatmentPassage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.The age of gilded youth is over. Today's under-thirties are the first generationfor a century who can expect a lower living standard than their parents.Research into the lifestyles and prospects of people who were born since 1970 shows that they are likely to face a lifetime of longer working hours, lower job security and higher taxes than the previous generation.When they leave work late in the evening, they will be more likely to returnto a small rented flat than to a house of their own. When, eventually, they retire, their pensions are far lower in real terms than those of their immediate forebears. These findings are revealed in a study of the way the ageing of Britain'spopulation is affecting different generations.Anthea Tinker, professor of social gerontology(老人学)at King's College London, who carried out much of the work, said the growth of the proportion of people over 50 had reversed the traditional flow of wealth from older to younger generations. "Today's older middle-aged and elderly are becoming the new winners," she said. "They made relatively small contributions in tax but now make relatively big claims on the welfare system. Generations born in the last three to four decades face the prospect of handing over more than a third of their lifetime's earnings to care for them."The surging number of older people, many living alone, has also increased demand for property and pushed up house prices. While previous generations found it easy to raise a mortgage, today's under-thirties have to live with their parents or rent.If they can afford to buy a home it is more likely to be a flat than a house.Laura Lenox-Conyngham, 28, grew up in a large house and her mother did not needto work. Unlike her wealthy parents, she graduated with student and postgraduate loan debts of ￡13,000. She now earns about ￡20,000 a year, preparing food to be photographed for magazines. Her home is a one-bedroom flat in central London and she sublets(转租)the lunge sofa-bed to her brother."My father took pity and paid off my student debts," she said. "But I still haveno pension and no chance of buying a property for at least a couple of years—and then it will be something small in a bad area. My only hope is the traditional oneof meeting a rich man."Tinker's research reveals Lenox-Conyngham is representative of many young professionals, especially in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and Bristol.57. By saying "the growth of the proportion...to younger generations." (Line2, Para. 5), Anthea Tinker really means that ________.[A] currently wealth flows from old generation to younger generation[B] traditionally wealth flows from younger generation to old generation[C] with the increasingly big population of over 50, the trend arises that wealthflows from younger generation to old generation[D] with more and more people of over 50, traditions have been reversed58. Why are today's older middle-aged and elderly becoming the new winners?[A] Because they made relatively small contributions in tax, but youngergeneration will possibly hand over more than a third of their lifetime's earningsfor the care of them.[B] Because they contributed a lot in tax and now can claim much on the welfaresystem.[C] Because they made small contributions, but now can make money easily.[D] Because they outnumber younger generation and enjoy more privileges in the present society.59. Which factor pushed up house prices?[A] Many young men, who live alone, have increased demand for houses.[B] Many young men need to rent more houses.[C] It is easy to apply for a mortgage for young generation.[D] The number of older people, many of whom live alone, becomes bigger and bigger.60. In what way does Laura Lenox-Conyngham make her living?[A] By taking photographs for magazines.[B] By marring a rich man.[C] By subletting the lounge sofa-bed to her brother.[D] By preparing food for photographs for some magazines.61. We can conclude from the passage that ________.[A] today's under-thirties are leading a miserable life in Britain[B] Laura Lenox-Conyngham's attitude to work and life represents that of many young professionals in Britain[C] Life can get harder for under-thirties in Britain[D] elders enjoy extremely high living standards in BritainPart V Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word inthe corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it outand put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods. 1.time/times/periodMany of the arguments having used for the study of literature 2. /as a school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. theMore people than ever are drinking coffee thesedays—but in small quantities than they used to. Some 62. ________manufactures of coffee makers are trying to make 63. ________advantage of this trend by developing diminutivemachines that brew(煮)smaller amounts of coffee.Two U.S. appliance companies—Black & Decker,basing in Towson, Maryland, and Toastmaster Inc. of 64. ________Columbia, Missouri—has recently introduced "drip" 65. ________coffee makers that brew one or two cup servings ofcoffee. Neither of the products brew the coffee 66. ________directly into a cup or mug, eliminating the need for aseparate carafe. Since many people make a pot ofcoffee in the morning and drink only a single cup, the 67. ________new coffee makers should reduce the wasted coffee.Black & Decker's Cup-at-a-Time spends $27, while 68. ________Toastmaster's Coffee Break retails for $20.Black & Decker also makes a coffee makerdrips coffee directly into a carry-around thermal 69. ________carafe. The carafe, a glass vacuum bottle, is supposedto keep the coffee fresh for hours. The product,called the Thermal Carafe Coffee-maker, comes witha built-in lid that opens during the brewing process,closes when it is completed. There are several models, 70. ________including one that fits under the counter, rangingfrom $60 to $110 at price. 71. ________Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.72. The area gets ________________(年降雨量不足五厘米).73. The only sounds are bird calls and the soft noise ________________(当水缓缓推动草时草所发出的).74. The visitors planned to ________________(花最少的时间游览公园以外的地方).75. Life is too short ________________(不可每天将时间浪费在看电视上).76. He told the story in such minute detail ________________(简直就像他亲眼看见一样).2012 年12 月英语六级考试模拟试题答案详解Part I WritingTravel-mate WantedI'm a l9-year-old female sophomore named Li Ming. I hereby earnestly invite aforeign young lady—college student preferred—to make a three week touring tripwith me.My plan is to set off next weekend, when the summer vacation officially begins.The first stop is Kunming, the world-renowned city for its beauty and mild temperature. We’ll get there by train and stay for 2 days, and then we’ll headfor Jinggangshan, a former revolutionary base as well as a natural beauty spot.After a 3-day visit there, we will take a long-distance coach to a nearby portcity by the Yangtze River and board a downstream ship to Shanghai, so that we can enjoy the great scenery alongside the third longest river in the world. As everybody knows, Shanghai is one of the busiest and fastest developing cities in China. I’d like to have a good tour in Shanghai, so the stay there will be about half a week.A famous Chinese saying goes, "Just as there is Paradise in heaven, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on Earth", so a 4-day visit to these two cities near Shanghai is a must. All together, our trip will last about three weeks.I only expect that my travel-mate could bear her own expenses and talk with me。

2013年6月英语六级考试阅读真题及答案

2013年6⽉英语六级考试阅读真题及答案 Section A Direction: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete stamens. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. Question 47 to 51 are based on the following passage Highly proficient musicianship is hard won. Although it’s often assumed musical ability us inherited, there’s abundant evidence that this isn’t the case. While it seems that at birth virtually everyone has perfect pitch, the reasons that one child is better than another are motivation and practice. Highly musical children were sung to more as infants and more encouraged to join in song games as kids than less musical ones, long before any musical ability could have been evident. Studies of classical musicians prove that the best ones practiced considerably more from childhood onwards than ordinary orchestral players, and this is because their parents were at them to put in the hours from a very young age. The same was true of children selected for entry to specialist music schools, compared with those who were rejected. The chosen children had parents who had very actively supervised music lessons and daily practice from young ages, giving up substantial periods of leisure time to take the children to lessons and concerts. The singer Michael Jackson’s story, although unusually brutal and extreme, is illumination when considering musical prodigy(天才). Accounts suggest that he was subjected to cruel beatings and emotional torture ,and that he was humiliated (羞辱) constantly by his father, What sets Jackson’s family apart is that his father used his reign of terror to train his children as musicians and dancers. On top of his extra ability Michael also had more drive. This may have been the result of being the closest of his brothers and sisters to his mother. “He seemed different to me from the other children —special,”Michael’s mother said of him. She may not have realized that treating her son as special may have been part of the reason be became like that. All in all, if you want to bring up a Mozart or Bach, the key factor is how hard you are prepared to crack the whip. Thankfully, most of us will probably settle for a bit of fun on the recorder and some ill-executed pieces of music-on the piano from our children. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. 4. Reading Comprehension 5. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s need, but not every man’s greed.”You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.正确答案：Time to Shake Off Greed and Heal the Earth Earth, as has always been regarded as mother human beings, has fallen ill with the symptoms of the frequent eruption of natural disasters, the distinction of wild animals and the exhaustion of natural resources. And the situation illustrated should arouse great attention of all human beings. As a matter of fact, blinded by greed, human beings have great responsibility for the present situation we confront with. To start with, human beings are so economy-oriented that they ignore the protection of environment. Then, population in the planet has experienced great explosion, which makes more and more resources needed and exhausted, and in turn threatens to end human life. Finally, human beings excessively exploit and abuse non-renewable energy and resources just for the expanding of their own benefits, which will only lead to the darkness of future for their offspring. Since the vista of the human’s greed towards the Mother Earth is so terrible that we should stop the unreasonable extortion from earth. Let’s shake off greed and heal the earth, and build a better home for ourselves and for our later generations.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文：W: Did you hear that Anna needs to stay in bed for four weeks?M: Yeah. She injured her spine in a fall. And the doctor told her to lie flat on her back for a month, so it can mend.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?2．A．The man happened to see Anna fall on her back.B．The serious accident may leave Anna paralyzed.C．The doctor’s therapy has been very successful.D．The injury will confine Anna to bed for quite a while.解析：女士问男士是否知道Anna需要stay in bed for four weeks，男士回答说知道，Anna摔伤了脊椎，医生告诉她要平躺一个月，由此可知Anna将会卧床相当长的一段时间，故答案为D)。

大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. 4. Reading Comprehension 5. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to Establish a Healthy Living Style? You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.1．越来越多的人开始崇尚简单、健康的生活方式；2．造成这种现象的原因；3．我们可以……正确答案：How to Establish a Healthy Living Style? Nowadays more and more people tend to have a simple and healthy living style, hoping that they can live longer and healthier. This phenomenon results from all kinds of health care information from magazines, TV programs, radio programs, and so on. Having a simple and healthy living style is surely good. But many of us don’t know how to establish such a living style. Here are some suggestions. First, set up a balance of work and rest. Only by working happily and having enough rest can we live healthier. Second, eat natural food rather than processed food. Natural food is usually fresher, while processed one may contain some additives which are harmful to our health. Third, be optimistic. Modern people have a lot of pressure. If we are optimistic to our lives, we can adjust ourselves to many conditions and live healthier and happier. In one word, establishing a healthy living style is not very difficult for us if we stick it out.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文：W: I’m afraid the project has to be given up. You know, my partner always turns a deaf ear to me whenever we have any difference. M: Why don’t you communicate with each other? There must be some misunderstandings. Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?2．A．Take no notice on the difference.B．Try to change her partner’s mind.C．Communicate with her partner.D．Find out the misunderstandings.正确答案：C解析：男士说：“为什么你们不谈一下呢?一定是有一些误会。

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2013年6月英语六级考试真题试卷（第3套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark "A smile is the shortest distance between two people." You can cite examplesto . You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Norman Borlaug: 'Father of the Green Revolution'Few people have quietly changed the world for the better more than this rural lad from the midwestern state of Iowa in the United States. The man in focus is Norman Borlaug, the Father of the 'Green Revolution', who died on September 12, 2009 at age 95. Norman Borlaug spent most of his 60 working years in the farmlands of Mexico, South Asia and later in Africa, fighting world hunger, and saving by some estimates up to a billion lives in the process. An achievement, fit for a Nobel Peace Prize.Early Years"I'm a product of the great depression" is how Borlaug described himself. A great-grandson of Norwegian immigrants to the United States, Borlaug was born in 1914 and grew up on a small farm in the northeastern corner of Iowa in a town called Cresco. His family had a 40-hectare (公顷) farm on which they grew wheat, maize (玉米) and hay and raised pigs and cattle. Norman spent most of his time from age 7-17 on the farm, even as he attended a one-room, one-teacher school at New Oregon in Howard County.Borlaug didn't have money to go to college. But through a Great Depression era programme, known as the National Youth Administration, Borlaug was able to enroll in the University of Minnesota at Minneapolis to study forestry. He excelled in studies and received his Ph.D. in plant pathology (病理学) and genetics in 1942. From 1942 to 1944, Borlaug was employed as a microbiologist at DuPont in Wilmington. However, following the December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, Borlaug tried to join the military, but was rejected underwartimeIn MexicoIn 1944, many experts warned of mass starvation in developing nations where populations wereexpanding faster than crop production. Borlaug began work at a Rockefeller Foundation-funded project in Mexico to increase wheat production by developing higher-yielding varieties of the crop. It involved research in genetics, plant breeding, plant pathology, entomology (昆虫学) , agronomy (农艺学) , soil science, and cereal technology. The goal of the project was to boost wheat production in Mexico, which at the time was importing a large portion of its grain. Borlaug said that his first couple of years in Mexico were difficult. He lacked trained scientists and equipment. Native farmers were hostile towards the wheat programme because of serious crop losses from 1939 to 1941 due to stem rust.Wheat varieties that Borlaug worked with had tall, thin stalks. While taller wheat competed better for sunlight, they had a tendency to collapse under the weight of extra grain - a trait called lodging. To overcome this, Borlaug worked on breeding wheat with shorter and stronger stalks, which could hold on larger seed heads. Borlaug's new semi-dwarf, disease-resistant varieties, called Pitic 62 and Penjamo 62, changed the potential yield of Mexican wheat dramatically. By 1963 wheat production in Mexico stood six times more than that of 1944.Green Revolution in IndiaDuring the 1960s, South Asia experienced severe drought condition and India had been importing wheat on a large scale from the United States. Borlaug came to India in 1963 along with Dr. Robert Anderson to duplicate his Mexican success in the sub-continent. The experiments began with planting a few of the high-yielding variety strains in the fields of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute at Pusa in New Delhi, under the supervision of Dr. M. S. Swaminathan. These strains were subsequently planted in test plots at Ludhiana, Pantnagar, Kanpur, Pune and Indore. The results were promising, but large-scale success, however, was not instant. Cultural opposition to new agricultural techniques initially prevented Borlaug from going ahead with planting of new wheat strains in India. By 1965, when the drought situation turned alarming, the Government took the lead and allowed wheat revolution to move forward. By employing agricultural techniques he developed in Mexico, Borlaug was able to nearly double South Asian wheat harvests between 1965 and 1970.India subsequently made a huge commitment to Mexican wheat, importing some 18000 tonnes of seed. By 1968, it was clear that the Indian wheat harvest was nothing short of revolutionary. It was so productive that there was a shortage of labour to harvest it, of bull carts to haul it to the threshing floor (打谷场) , of jute (麻黄) bags to store it. Local governments in some areas were forced to shut down schools temporarily to use them as store houses.United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) observed that in 40 years between 1961 and 2001, "India more than doubled its population, from 452 million to more than 1 billion. At the same time, it nearly tripled its grain production from 87 million tonnes to 231 million tonnes. It accomplished this feat while increasing cultivated grain acreage (土地面积) a mere 8 percent." It was in India that Norman Borlaug's work was described as the 'Green Revolution.'In AfricaAfrica suffered widespread hunger and starvation through the 70s and 80s. Food and aid poured in from most developed countries into the continent, but thanks to the absence of efficient distribution system, the hungry remained empty-stomach. The then Chairman of the Nippon Foundation, Ryoichi Sasakawa wondered why the methods used in Mexico and India were not extended to Africa. He called up Norman Borlaug. now leading a semi-retired life, for help. He managed to convince Borlaug to help with his new effort and subsequently founded theSasakawa Africa Association. Borlaug later recalled, "but after I saw the terrible circumstances there, I said, 'Let's just start growing'".The success in Africa was not as spectacular as it was in India or Mexico. Those elements that allowed Borlaug's projects to succeed, such as well-organized economies and transportation and irrigation systems, were severely lacking throughout Africa. Because of this, Borlaug's initial projects were restricted to developed regions of the continent. Nevertheless, yields of maize, sorghum (高粱) and wheat doubled between 1983 and 1985.Nobel PrizeFor his contributions to the world food supply, Borlaug was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970. Norwegian officials notified his wife in Mexico City at 4:00 a. m., but Borlaug had already left for the test fields in the Toluca valley, about 65 km west of Mexico City. A chauffeur (司机) took her to the fields to inform her husband. In his acceptance speech, Borlaug said, "the first essential component of social justice is adequate food for all mankind. Food is the moral right of all who are born into this world. Yet, 50 percent of the world population goes hungry."Green Revolution vs Environmentalists参考答案注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

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