2013年考研英语复试讲义
2013年英语二真题和参考解析(专硕)
2013年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）（科目代码：204）☆考生注意事项☆1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点。
2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。
不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。
3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。
超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。
4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。
5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。
（以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the followin g text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Given the advanta g es of electronic mone y, y ou mi g ht think that we would move quickl y to the cashless societ y in which all payments are made electronicall y. 1 , a true cashless societ y is probabl y not around the comer. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not y et come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of mone y itself," onl y to 4 itself several y ears later. Wh y has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in comin g?Althou g h electronic means of payment ma y be more efficient than a payments s y stem based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper s y stem. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic mone y the义form of pa y ment. Second, paper checks have the advanta g e that they 9 receipts, somethin g that many consumers are unwillin g to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks g ives consumers several da y s of "float"it takes several da y s 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic pa y ments arc in皿ediate,the y eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of pa y ment ma y 14 security and privac y concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an_l_Q occurrence means that dishonest persons mi g ht be able to access bank accounts in electronic pa y ments s y stems and 17 from someone else's accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no eas y task, and a new field of computer science is developin g to」..2.securit y issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a lar g e amount of personal data. There are concerns that g overnment, emplo y ers, and marketers mi g ht be able to access these data, thereb y violatin g our privac y.1.[A] Moreover[B]However[C]Therefore[D]O therwise2.[A] off[B]back[C]over[D]around3.[A] power[B]conce pt[C]histo ry[D]role4.[A] reverse[B]resist[C]resume[D]reward5.[A] silent[B]sudden[C]slow[D]stead y6.[A] for[B]again st[C]with[D]on7.[A] expensive[B]imaginative [C] sensitive[D]productive8.[A] similar[B]ori gin al[ C]tem porary[D]dominant9.[A] collect[B]copy[C]provi de[D]print10.[A] give up[B]take over[ C]bring back[D]pass down11.[A] before[B]after[C]since[D]when12.[A] kept[B]borrowed[C]withdrawn[D]released13.[A] Unless[B]Because[C]Until[D]Thou gh14.[A] hide[B]express[C]ease[D]raise15.[A] analyzed[B]shared[C]stored[D]dis playe d16.[A] unsafe[B]unnatural[C]unclear[D]uncommon17.[A] steal[B]choose[C]benefit[D]return18.[A] consideration [B] prevention[C]manipulation[D]j ustification19.[A] call for20.[A] chunkPart A Directions:[B]fig ht against [ C] adapt to[B]chip[C]trail[D]cope w ith[D]path Section II Reading ComprehensionRead the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1In an essa y entitled "Making It in America," the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has onl y two emplo y ees toda y, "a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man awa y from the machines."D avidson's article is one of a number of pieces that have recentl y appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornl y high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes toda y is largel y because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidl y than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifest y le. But, today, average is officiall y over. Being average just won't earn ou what it used to. It can't when so man y more emplo y ers have so much more yaccess to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of emplo y ment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and alwa y s will. But there's been an acceleration. As D avidson notes, "In the 10 y ears ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70ears; roughl y one out of every three manufacturing jobs about 6 million in ytotal disappeared."There will alwa y s be change new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I. T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officiall y over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G. I. Bill for the 2l8t century that ensures that every American has access to posthigh school education.21.The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate.[A]the impact of technological advances[B]the alleviation of j ob pressure[C]the shrinkage of textile mills[D]the declme of middle-class mcomes22.According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to.[A]work on cheap software[B]ask for a moderate salary[C]adopt an average lifestyle[D]contribute something unique23.The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that.[A]gains of technology have been erased[B]job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C]factories are making much less money than before[D]new jobs and services have been offered24.According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is[A]to accelerate the I. T. revolution[B]to ensure more education for people[C]to advance economic globalization[D]to pass more bills in the 21st century25.Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A]New Law Takes Effect.[B]Technology Goes Cheap.[C]Average Is Over.[D]Recession Is Bad.Text2A century a g o, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Alon g with the many folks lookin g to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then g o home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immi g rants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for g ood. They even had an affectionate nickname, "uccelli di passa gg io," birds of passa g e.Today, we are much more ri g id about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two cate g ories: le g al or ille g al, g ood or bad. We hail them as Americans in the makin g, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. That framework has contributed mi g htily to our broken immigration system and the lon g political paralysis over how to fix it. We don't need more cate g ories, but we need to chan g e the way we think about cate g ories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of le g al and ille g al. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passa g e, those livin g and thrivin g in the gray areas. We mi g ht then be g in to solve our immigration challen g es.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, en g ineers, home health-care aides and physicists are amon g today's birds of passa g e. They are ener g etic participants in a g lobal economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and g o as opportunity calls them. They can mana g e to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to ima g ine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committin g themselves to stayin g forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belon g to two nations honorably.Accommodatin g this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Lookin g beyond the culture war lo g ic of ri g ht or wron g means openin g up the middle ground and understandin g that mana g in g immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, includin g some that are not easy to accomplish le g ally in the existin g system.26."Birds of passage" refers to those who.[A]stay in a foreign country temporarily[B]leave their home countries for good[C]immigrate across the Atlantic[D]find permanent jobs overseas27.It is i mp lied in Paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US[A]needs new immigrant categories[B]has loosened control over immigrants[C]should be adapted to meet challenges[D]has been fixed via political means28.According to the author, today's birds of p assage want.[A]financial incentives[B]a global recognition[C]the freedom to stay and leave[D]opportunities to get regular jobs29.The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated.[A]as faithful partners[B]with legal tolerance[C]with economic favors[D]as mighty rivals30.The most appropriate title for this text would be.[A]Come and Go: Big Mistake[B]Living and Thriving: Great Risk[C]With or Without: Great Risk[D]Legal or Illegal: Big MistakeText3Scientists have found that althou g h we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likel y to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the ne g ative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are jud g in g whether someone is dan g erous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickl y, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accuratel y tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferabl y five. It takes a while to jud g e complex aspects of personalit y, like neuroticism or open -mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Ps y cholo g ists at the Universit y of Toronto found that viewin g a fast-food lo g o for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even thou g h readin g has little to do with eatin g. We unconsciousl y associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we're doin g, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too l on g.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housin g options when we see a happ y face (one reason g ood sales representatives and real estate a g ents are alwa y s smilin g), we can take a moment before bu y in g. If we know female job screeners are more likel y to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marria g e expert, explains that we quickl y "thin slice" information reliabl y onl y after we ground such snap reactions in "thick sliced" lon gterm stud y. When Dr. Gottman reall y wants to assess whether a couple will sta y to g ether, he invites them to his island retreat for a much lon g er evaluation: two da y s, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions b y pausin g is what differentiates us from animals: do g s can think about the future onl y intermittentl y or for a few minutes. But historicall y we have spent about 12 percent of our da y s contemplatin g the lon g er term. Althou g h technology mi g ht chan g e the wa y we react, it hasn't chan g ed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacit y to rise above temptation and reverse the hi g h-speed trend.31.The time needed in making decisions may.[A]predetermine the accuracy of our judgment[B]prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C]depend on the importance of the assessment[D]vary according to the urgency of the situation32.0 u r react10n to a fast-food logo shows that snap dec1s10ns.[A]can be associative[B]are not unconscious[C]can be dangerous[D]are not impulsive33 T .o reverse the negative influences of snap dec1s10ns, we should.[A]trust our first impression[B]think before we act[C]do as people usually do[D]ask for expert advice34.John Gattman says that reliable snap reactions are based on.[A]critical assessment[B]"thin sliced" study[C]adequate information[D]sensible explanation35.The author's attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is.[A]tolerant[B]optimistic[ C]uncertain[D]DoubtfulText4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completel y famil y-friendl y until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe's top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingl y male. Indeed, women hold onl y 14 per cent of positions on European corporate boards.The European Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women—up to 60 per cent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last y ear, European Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goals of 40 per cent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: onl y 24 companies took it up.D o we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate ladder fairl y as the y balance work and famil y?"Personall y, I don't like quotas," Reding said recentl y. "But I like what the quotas do." Quotas get action: the y "open the wa y to equality and the y break through the glass ceiling," according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legall y binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding's reluctance and her frustration. I don't like quotas either; the y run counter to m y belief in meritocrac y, governance b y the capable. But, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporaril y ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions no matter how much "soft pressure" is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recentl y did at Facebook the y attract massive attention precisel y because the y remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate public policies were in place to help all women whether CEOs or their children's caregivers and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworth y than an y other highl y capable person hvmg m a more Just society.36.In the European corporate workplace, generally.[A]women take the lead[B]men have the final say[C]corporate governance is overwhelmed[D]senior management is family-friendly37.The European Union's intended legislation is.[A]a reflection of gender balance[B]a response to Reding's call[C]a reluctant choice[D]a voluntary action38.According to Reding, quotas may help women.[A]get top business positions[B]see through the glass ceiling[C]balance work and family[D]anticipate legal results39.The author's attitude toward Reding's appeal is one of[A]skepticism[B]objectiveness[ C]indifference[D]approval40.Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of.[A]more social justice[B]massive media attention[C]suitable public policies[D]greater "soft pressure"PartBDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions b y choosing the most suitable subtitle from the list A G for each numbered paragraph (41 45). There are two extra subtitles which y ou do not need to use. Mark y our answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]Live like a peasant[B]Balance y our diet[C]Shopkeepers are y our friends[D]Remember to treat y ourself[E]Stick to what y ou need[F]Planning is everything[G]Waste not, want notThe hugel y popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Ton y balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Ton y has£60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes on food, but 10 y ears ago he was earning£130,000 a y ear working in corporate communications and eating at London's best restaurants at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The communit y mental health team saved m y life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a da y-b y-da y thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'11 carry on blogging not about eating as cheapl y as y ou can"there are so man y people in a much worse state, with barel y an y mone y to spend on food"but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.41.Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan y our week's menu in advance, making shopping lists for y our ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps y ou balance y our diet. It's also a good idea to shop dail y instead ofweekl y, because, bein g human, y ou'll sometimes chan g e y our mind about what y oufanc y.42.This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in hand y. With them, there's not the same embarrassment as when bu y in g one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if y ou plan properl y, y ou'll know that y ou onl y need, sa y, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever wei g ht is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43.You ma y proudl y claim to onl y have frozen peas in the freezer—that's not g ood enou g h. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Plannin g ahead should eliminate wasta g e, but if y ou have surplus ve g etables y ou'll do a ve g etable soup, and all fruits threatenin g to "g o off'will be cooked or juiced.44.Everyone sa y s this, but it reall y is a top tip for fru g al eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularl y, even for small thin g s, and be super friendl y. Soon ou'll feel comfortable askin g if the y've an y knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or ybeef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, the y'll let y ou have for free.45.You won't be eatin g out a lot, but save y our pennies and once every few months treat y ourself to a set lunch at a g ood restaurant£1.75 a week for three months g ivesou£21more than enou g h for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It's y£16.95 there or£12.99 for a lar g e pizza from Domino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write y our translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 y ears and know instantl y where I was, what happened in the news and even the da y of the week. I've been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information m y brain absorbs. M y mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored awa y neatl y. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybod y does try to put it to one side. I don't think it's harder for me just because m y memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn't make m y emotions an y more acute or vivid. I can recall the da y m y grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the da y before. I also remember that the musical pla y Hair opened on Broadway on the same da y the y both just pop into m y mind in the same wa y.Section IV WritingPartA47.Directions:Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to1)inform them about the details, and2)encourage them to participate.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" insteadDo not write your address. (10 points)PartB48.Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart, and2)give your c omments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I: Use of English (10 points)1 - 5: BDBAC6 - 10: BADCA11-15: ACBDC16-20: DABDCSection II: Reading Comprehension (50 points)21-25: ADBBC26-30: ACCBD31-35: D ABCB36-40: BCADC41-45: FEGCDSection III :Translation (15 Points)从过去的53年中任选一天，我都能立刻知道当时自己在哪里，新闻中发生了什么事情，甚至那天是周几。
2013考研英语真题讲解
2013考研英语真题讲解2013年的考研英语真题是许多考生备战考试时必备的资料。
在这篇文章中，我们将对2013年的考研英语真题进行全面的讲解，帮助考生更好地理解考试内容和题型，提高备考效果。
一、阅读理解部分2013年考研英语真题的阅读理解部分分为两篇文章，分别是文章A 和文章B。
文章A题型为判断正误，文章B题型为选择题。
下面我们来具体分析每篇文章的内容和解题技巧。
1. 文章A文章A是关于城市洪水预警系统的介绍。
根据文章内容可知，该系统可以帮助城市更好地应对突发的洪水灾害，并为居民提供准确的预警信息。
在解题过程中，我们需要细致地阅读文章，注意理解各个细节和信息，并根据所给的判断句对其进行判断。
例如，题目可能会出现以下形式：“According to the passage, the flood warning system can accurately predict the occurrence of floods.（根据文章，洪水预警系统可以准确预测洪水的发生。
）”。
我们需要在文章中找到相关信息，判断该句的真实性。
2. 文章B文章B是关于乘坐飞机旅行的经济影响的一篇报告。
文章提到了飞机旅行对经济的影响和贡献，并列举了一些数据和统计数字。
在解题过程中，我们需要仔细研读文章内容，理解各个段落的主旨，并根据题干选择正确答案。
例如，题目可能会出现以下形式：“Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a positive impact of air travel on a country's economy?（下面哪项不是飞机旅行对一个国家经济的积极影响之一？）”。
我们需要根据文章内容排除选项，选择正确答案。
二、完形填空部分2013年考研英语真题的完形填空部分是一篇关于石油能源的文章。
文章主要讲述了石油能源的重要性和目前面临的困境。
在解题过程中，我们需要仔细阅读短文，理解全文的逻辑关系，并根据上下文选择正确的单词或短语填入空格中。
2014考研复试口语讲义-何凯文
2013研究生入学考试英语复试辅导讲义(Lecture note for the second round test of NGEE )主讲人：北京外国语大学何凯文Main tasks :1. Cracking your pronunciation barriers.2. Broadening your independent topic horizons3. Guaranteeing your listening test bottom line第一部分 Interview inspired by intelligence （基本面试之道）What is Interviewing?An interview IS: A meeting in order to get to know each other； A conversation about possibilities ；An opportunity to present yourself optimally ；An interview is NOT: A life or death situation ；A one way street ；And yet: It is an artificial ； And You will be judged from the first minute ；研究生英语复试口语的测试重点：一．语言能力1. pronunciation （语音和语调）2. vocabulary (发音正确和用词准确)3. grammar (准确和多样性)4.influency and coherence (流利和连贯)二．展示能力Body language is important.Marabian myth- Body Language 55%- vocal part 38%- language 7%The effectiveness of communicationYou find a mirror and you adopt that stance. You make sure you get all the details right. Make a check list.But bear in your mind : avoiding being too aggressive with too much body language .Confidence is the utmost factorSpeak with conviction as if you really believe in what you are saying. Persuade your audience effectively.If your test comprises the “reading passage part” ,valu e it with great emphasis第二部分： Self-Introduction （自我介绍）参考范文一：Good morning/ afternoon distinguished professors,My name is ***, an English major from ***University.Thank you for having me here.I’m an optimistic person, outward, easy-going and rich in curiosity.Because of my keen interest in journalism and writing, I have been an editor of the English Journal of my department for two years and have published several articles on local newspapers. As an English major, I’ve listened to and read quite an amount of news and articles published by the foreign media. At first, I considered it as just a way of improving my English but laterI was shocked by the bad image of China presented by the foreign media. I couldn’t help asking myself why. Of course, China is not perfect but why they even criticize what we are proud of ? Thereafter, I searched for articles and books relevant to this topic and discussed it with my teachers and friends. I think the problem lies in that they don’t really understand China. Our culture, customs, way of thinking and life are alien to them so it is necessary for Chinese people and media to introduce our country to the world in an effective and proper way. As a college student majored in foreign languages, I think I’m in a favorable place to promote communications between China and the outside world. That’s why I decided to choose international journalism and communication as my future domain. Moreover, Beijing Foreign Studies University is my dream place for years. It boasts the best teaching faculty and facilities for learning foreign languages and the best platform for doing further researches concerning international problems. Therefore, BFSU is definitely the first and best choice for my postgraduate studies. I believe, led by the distinguished professors and scholars here, I’ll go further on international communication studies and contribute to improving China’s image to some extent in the future. Thank you so much again for giving me the chance for this interview.参考范文二：Good morning distinguished professors,I’m glad to be here for this interview. My name is XXXX and my English name is Vivian. I’m an optimistic person, warm-hearted, easy-going and rich in curiosity. In my spare time, I like reading books, listening to music, watching movies and kicking shuttlecock . I come from Chong Qing, a beautiful mountainous city, famous for its hot pot. I am a student of Chinese Language and Literature Department of Sichuan International Studies University, which is located at the foot of Geleshan. I like Chong Qing very much, but I decided to come to Beijing without any hesitate.I have keen interest in language and I choose linguistic testing as my future domain. Beijing Language and Culture University has been my dream place for years, ‘cause it boasts the best teaching faculty and facilities for studying and the best platform for doing researches concerning language. Therefore, BLCU is definitely the first and best choice for my postgraduate studies.I believe, led by the distinguished professors and scholars here, I’ll go further on language studies and contribute to linguistic testing. Thank you so much again for giving me the chance for this interview.参考范文三：Good morning/ afternoon distinguished professors，My name is XXX. Thank you for having me here. I’m an optimistic person, outward, easy-going and rich in curiosity. Although coming from XXX university’s international accounting major , I have keen interest in psychology. I spent my spare time in the library reading books on psychology when I was an undergraduate student. After the graduation, I was employed as an auditor in an accounting firm. But I decided to quit and prepare the entrance examination to the graduate school. The people around me feel confused, and I couldn’t help asking myself why. Of course, Doing Accounting business will bring more Employment opportunities than psychology, but the most complicated and interesting thing in the world for me is persons mind and their behavior ,which psychology is Committed to study. So ,I am so fascinated in psychology. As born in a teachers family , I am deeply influenced by my parent’s careers . Becoming a teacher is one of my dream when I was a child. Now, I’d like to fashion psychology among the people. So everyone can live a scientific, optimistic life ,guiding by psychology . That’s why I decided to choose Psychology Education as my future domain.Moreover, XXX University boasts the excellent teaching faculty and advanced facilities for learning psychology and education. Therefore, it is definitely the best choice for my postgraduate studies. I believe, led by the distinguished professors and scholars here, I’ll go further on psychology education studies and contribute to psychology education. Thank you so much again for giving me the chance for this interview.参考范文四：Good morning distinguished professors ，I am glad to be here for this interview. OK , allow me introduce myself.My name is ***, 24. I come from ******, the capital of*******Province.I graduated from the ******* department of*****University in July, 2011.In the past two years I have been preparing for the postgraduate examination while I have been …..and I was…... Now all my hard work has got a result since I have a chance to be interview by you.I am open-minded, quick in thought and very fond of history. In my spare time, I have broad interests like many other younger. I like reading books, especially those about *******.Frequently I exchange with other people by making comments on Weibo. In addition, during my college years, I was once a Net-bar technician. So, I have a comparative good command of network application.I am able to operate the computer well. I am a football fan for years. Italian team is my favorite. Anyway, I feel great pity for our national team.I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning .Of course, if I am given a chance to study ****** in this famous University, I will spare no effort to make some achievements in the field. .参考范文五Good morning professors,First of all, please allow me to express my appreciation for the opportunity that you give me to join this interview.My name is ***, English name Felix. I've got my undergraduate education in Beijing Foreign Studies University, Majoring in *** in School of English and International Studies. The major for further education that I pursue here in Peking university is ***.During the four years in BFSU, I've been given the traditional education on both English Literacy and Diplomacy, which cultivated me to view the world in an international perspective.I've been foreign teachers' assistant for about three years and learnt to communicate with them and understand their way to think and act. This experience gives me much deeper understanding of different cultures.I served as volunteers for many events held by the government and other organizations, such as Fortune Global Forum 2005 and Euro-Asian Conference organized by the Ministry of Communications. Thanks to those experiences, I used my knowledge in real foreign affairs and increased my abilities in related aspects.No matter how much the life in BFSU brought to me, I've been thinking for really a long time about studying something else after graduation as the life-long direction of study and profession. After analyzing all the factors that intrigue me and inspire me, I've chosen a major which contains the factors of both passion and rationality. This major is Media Management.I really appreciate it if you could consider my application. If I could have the honor to study here, I promise that I would never fail your expectation. I'll try my best to study and learn as much as I could, so as to make contribution to the society and our country.自我介绍时可能会用到的词和句子：形容个性的词:able 有才干的，能干的 adaptable 适应性强的 active 主动的，活跃的aggressive 有进取心的 ambitious 有雄心壮志的 amiable 和蔼可亲的amicable 友好的 analytical 善于分析的 apprehensive 有理解力的aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的 audacious 有冒险精神的 capable 有能力的，有才能careful 办理仔细的 candid 正直的 competent 能胜任的constructive 建设性的cooperative 有合作精神的 creative 富创造力的dedicated 有奉献精神的dependable 可靠的 diplomatic 老练的，有策disciplined 守纪律的 dutiful尽职的well-educated 受过良好教育的efficient 有效率的 energetic 精力充沛的expressivity 善于表达faithful 守信的，忠诚的 frank 直率的，真诚的generous 宽宏大量的genteel 有教养的 gentle 有礼貌的 humorous 有幽默impartial 公正的 independent 有主见的 industrious 勤奋的ingenious 有独创性的motivated 目的明确的 intelligent 理解力强的learned 精通某门学问的logical 条理分明的 methodical 有方法的modest 谦虚的 objective 客观的precise 一丝不苟的 punctual 严守时刻的 elastic 实事求是的 responsible 负责的sensible 明白事理的 sporting 光明正大的 steady 踏实的 systematic有系统的purposeful 意志坚强的 sweet-tempered性情温和的temperate 稳健的 tireless 孜孜不倦的1. The major/subjects I learned in my university is computer science, I specialized in software engineering and development.2. I am now working for XXX Company as a XXX.3. I just finished my studies in... university with my major in..../ I am about to receive my bachelor's degree in ...major4. The major area of my study is ...., and I wish to continue my studies in this area. (Field of study)本科生（undergraduate）；研究生（graduate student); 学位（degree）；学士学位（bachelor's degree）；硕士学位（master's degree）；文聘（diploma）；证书（certificate）；职业学校（vocational school）；同等学历（associate degree）；和这些名词搭配的动词：attend；complete；obtain；receive；5.I am from Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province.（It is the major city in.... province).It is very famous for it's.....6.achievement；挖掘自己的经历（intern，实习生）；academic score；scholarship；7.I have some practical experience in this area.8. I do very well in mathematics.open minded；I am very found of history./ I work very well with others.一些常规的问题：你为什么喜欢上我们学校？你为什么要决定学习这个专业？ The reason for my choice is that....; I am deeply impressed by the learning atmosphere.....; I look forward to my further studies in your school and I appreciate your considering me as one o 第三部分： Q and A session ( 考官提问)一．最常见的问题？1.Q . How do you plan to study for your graduate programme?A . In my opinion, the study method is of great importance for research. So firstly , I will choose a certain approach in my study area with your guidance ;Then, I will draw a pragmatic Research plan and time schedule. I hope I can form a systematical view of my major; Thirdly ,I will make myself be familiar with the latest development of this area by reading books and journals.I do hope I will get somewhere in this field. If necessary, I will continue my research and study to earn the doctor’ s degree./PHD degree. / although I am a girl.2. Q. As we learn from your resume /registration form, the major of your undergraduate study is …W hy do you change your major ?3. Q. Do you have any questions for us?二．四个话题人，事，地方，物件Person，events , places, objects其他的常规问题和解决之道：对人的问题：例问: Who is the person you admire most and explain why, include details and explanations.MotherTalented, tolerant, considerateThese reasons above make me think my mother is the person I admire most and she has had such an influence on me that I want to become the best as the best can be.Mother作主语,后面加题目主干.可用原因状语从句引出你的1,2,3的概括原因.TeacherA good teacher makes herself available to all students, however, knows which students need extra assistance.A good teacher is an effective communicator, however, who knows when she needs to change her communicating techniques to be sure students can grasp instructional concepts.A good teacher allows students to ask questions, however, does not answer questions without drawing from other students' learning experience first.A good teacher has classroom rules and procedures which help students know what is expected from them and how the students can help themselves.A good teacher encourages cooperation and sets an example with other students and faculty.A good teacher respects all students and encourages good performance.Demonstrate an empathy with student thinking, anticipate misconceptions and allow students to develop understanding in a variety of ways.Observe students in class for signs that they are failing to keep up, are bored, or are not understandingShow flexibility in responding to student needs.Genuinely want students to learn, understand and develop critical thinking abilities, as well as master content or learn skillsEncourage students to take an active role in working through difficulties and take time to work through concepts in detail with those who have difficultiesTeachers who show enthusiasm for subject, professional area and teaching role motivate students as they look forward to coming to that classHighly effective teachers are viewed as “easy going”, “relaxed”, with an “open”manner. This brings a relaxed atmosphere to the classroomCommunicate effectively.Are resourceful and positive and adopt a problem-solving approachAre creative and imaginative and have an open attitude to changeThere is a saying," GIVE ME A FISH AND I EAT FOR A DAY, TEACH ME TO FISH AND I EAT FOR A LIFE TIME". This must be a philosophy of a good teacher... She/he should be patient and kind, flexible and resourceful, tolerant and open minded with a good sense of humor. Enthusiastic and enjoys teaching. should be honest, imaginative and creative. Efficient. Self-disciplined. Helpful. Humble and modest.LeaderHave a vision. Effective leaders and their organizations have an agenda. A vision. A vision is a direction—an attractive and attainable picture of the future. As a leader, if you don't know where you are going, you are irrelevant to you followers. With a vision you can inspire and lift individuals and groups to new heights—an important function of any leader. The visionary process is made up of fundamentally three steps: discovering the vision, disseminating the vision and finally, driving the vision forward.Seize opportunity. Look for experiences that are new and different. Develop relationships with people who are different from the people you ordinarily have relationships with, especially those that come from different backgrounds and age groups. See movies and plays, read books and visit museums. These will broaden your outlook and develop a deeper well from which to draw from. We must learn to observe closely and accurately. Above all, we must stay comfortable with "not knowing ... but finding out."Learn to delegate. Only do what can’t be done by someone else.Reward results!Communication is key. Be accessible to everyone in the organization. Companies need to realize that the old model of the leaders sitting on top of the pyramid and the managers executing orders does not work in today’s environment. The person at the top cannot be the only leader. There have to be various people within the company acting in this role. There are many companies stuck in a rut where the managers are waiting to be told what to do. That doesn’t work.Be proactive. Promote continuous exploration of yourself and other leaders within the organization. Be accountable for what you do. If there is an issue in the company, don’t say you didn’t know anything about it. Look at the organization and constantly ask what can be improved.A business leader has to keep her organization focused on the mission. That sounds easy, but it can be tremendously challenging in today’s competitive and ever-changing business environment.A leader also has to motivate potential partners to join the cause.---Meg Whitman (MBA 79)President and CEO, eBayEvents休闲娱乐题室内: 看书,听音乐户外: 运动,公园传统风俗题美德: 谦虚节日: 春节职业与抱负我的回忆录休闲娱乐题读书书名及作者,定语从句,被动语态最吸引你的内容,时间顺序/因果顺序得到的启示总结升华老人与海 The Old Man and the SeaWhen I have time, I read books. My favorite book is the Old Man and the Sea which is written by Ernest Hemingway, one of the greatest American writers.The book told us a story about an old man called Diego who did fishing in Cuba. Though he came across lots of difficulties on the sea and came back without a single fish, he was optimistic and still held the hope.Diego is like a mirror which reflects what Hemingway wanted to tell all of us: Never give up and the final success will come right after the last try. I’ve stuck on that wisdom all the time ever since I read this book for that story makes me believe there is no stronger thing ever than a strong human belief.听音乐音乐名介绍听音乐的好处 (1,2,3)总结,升华Hero, Mariah CareyRelaxing and comfortingEase my pressure on studyLearn how to sing an English songInspiring, gives me so much strength that I need when I am facing up with any difficulty in my entire life.Music is a worldwide language without any translation, by listening to the music, we can share our emotions with different people around the world.What else can we say about music?Style:Classic: Mozart, ChopinPop music: Rap/Hip hop/Heavy metalOperas and musicals: Cats, the Phantom of the Opera, Notre Dame de Paris美德美德是什么?好处123总结深化谈影响谦虚是美德做个好听众看长处补短处我谦虚所以我进步Modest and humbleA good listener with tolerance, only well-educated people can show tolerant to others and understand different opinionsAlways see the best sides of and learn something from othersWith modest and humble, we can make progress everyday.VirtuesHonestySincerityEasy going and down to earthEnvironmental protectorAnimal protection advocate节日题: 春节春节(笔记)春节时间与形式大家团圆包饺子,包完饺子放鞭炮,全家祝福好来年团圆是根本,祝福是风俗时间描述动作连贯意义阐释体现亲情Spring Festival, Chinese Lunar New Year, compared with Christmas in western countries Family get together, make dumplings, sit around the table, toast to each other, make a wish for the coming year, wish everybody good luck.Means a lot/ the whole world to Chinese peopleOther FestivalsInstructionsMid-autumn DayFamily reunionMoon-cakes, like a moon, representing the family reunion in Chinese traditional means 地点名胜古迹特点:强调历史意义与文化适用题目:In the city you live, which part is your favorite?Which park or public area do you usually go?Introduce your favorite area in your city.What place you never visited before you want to visit most?Places like:Summer PalaceForbidden CitySample answerSummer Palace.It is one of the finest sights in the city. The summer palace is an immense park that attracts people from all around the world to see it. The park used to be a summer residence for emperors, empresses and their families. The park is divided into four sections: court reception, residences, temples and strolling or sightseeing areas.The Forbidden City (Imperial Palace)In the heart of Beijing, it is the largest and most complete imperial palace and ancient building complex in China, and the world at large. Its construction began in 1406 and was completed 14 years later, having a history so far of some 580 years. Twenty-four emperors from the Ming and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties lived and ruled China from there. Most of the buildings in the Forbidden City were rebuilt many times, although they maintained the original architectural style.Meanings of both of themRecords the history path to tell us the legends of our ancestors, especially good for our young people to get familiar with our past.Symbols of Chinese traditional and rich culture. The traditional constructions tell the intelligence of our great architects.It stands there to make us understand our past, what we must do are to absorb the essence and discard the dregs.Objects: 物体(重要性,珍贵性与有用性)Magazine, Novel, and PoemMagazine:Economist 经济学人 Harvard Business Review 哈佛商业评论New Yorker 纽约客, Readers’ Digest 读者Times 时代周刊, London Book Review伦敦书评Newsweek 新闻周刊Scientific American 科学美国人Elle, Cosmo politician, Bazaar.杂志的特点:出版周期长，态度观点突出 Long Periodicals, Pointy attitude市场细分性强 Certain, fixed, loyal reader groups重复阅读性和保持价值 Strong readability and the value of storage高品质 Paper and pictures in high quality提高口语必背26个句型：1. So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子（如此...以致于...）例句: So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
2013复试口语讲义
考研复试口语特训一、口语复试内容与形式口语复试一般分小组进行，每组一般由 2 名考官组成。
每组考生 2-6 人，内容包括自我介绍，考官问答，阅读文章，小组讨论，定题演讲，看图评论等。
考试时长在十分钟左右。
二、基础知识与基本技能1.语音语调根据考生为完成口试任务所产出言语的可理解程度评分。
其中包括单音的清晰度，连读、失去爆破、重音、节奏、语调是否运用的正确。
只要不对理解造成影响，允许考生在英语表达中带有母语口音。
2.语法与词汇根据考生使用语法和词汇的恰当性和准确性评分。
要求考生能够运用准确的语法，其中包括时态、语态、主谓一致、单复数、句法结构等是否正确。
词汇方面要求单词的恰当性和多样性。
允许存在一些不影响理解的错误。
3.话语运用根据考生话语的条理性和连贯性评分。
要求考生具有较强的语言运用能力，能够连贯地传递信息、阐述观点等，其讲话的方式是否自然、流畅。
允许有个别的不连贯之处。
4.互动交际根据考生相互交流和连续表达，完成交际任务的情况进行评分。
要求考生能恰当地进行应答和导入话题，所谈内容是否切题，逻辑性强。
在这一方面包括使用功能性语言和方法维持交流或进行交流补救，并能主动地进行讨论和展开话题。
允许在交际中因组织思路和语言而出现个别停顿。
三、自我介绍1、流利自然。
2、口齿要清晰，语速不要过快，适当连读。
3.不要面面俱到，没有特点。
4.不要过分夸耀自己，罗列所获成绩奖项等等。
5.找到自己的特点深入挖掘。
6.不易过长，1-2 分钟即可。
例文1：G ood morning. I am glad to be here for this interview.My name is ***, 24. I come from ******, the capital of *******Province. I am going to graduate from the ******* department of *****University in July, 2012. In the past two years I have been preparing for the postgraduate examination. Now all my hard work has got a result since I have a chance to be interviewed by you. So I just feel a little bit nervous.I am open-minded, quick in thought and very fond of ******. In my spare time, I have broad interests like many other youngers. I like reading books, especially those about *******.Inaddition, during my college years, I was once a Net-bar technician. So, I have a comparative good command of network application. I am able to operate the computer well. I am skillful in searching for information on Internet. I am a football fan for years. Italian team is my favorite. Anyway, I feel great pity for our country's team.例文2Good morning/afternoon， my dear teachers (my dear professors). I am very glad to be here for your interview. My name is ******.I am ****** years old. I come from ******， a verybeautiful city. My undergraduate period will be accomplished in ******university in July， 2012. And now， I am trying my best for obtaining a key to ****** University.Generally speaking， I am a hard-working student. I will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is. When I was sophomore， I found web design very interesting， so I learned it very hard. I stayed with my personal computer for half a month， and I am the first one in my lass who own his homepage.cFurthermore， I am a person with great perseverance. During the days preparing for the first examination， I insist on running every day， no matter what the weather was like. And just owning to this， I could concentrate on my study and succeeded in the end.Well， in my spare time， I like basketball， tennis and Chinese chess. Also， English is my favorite. I often go to English corner to practice my oral English， and write compositions to improve my written ability. But I know my English is not good enough，I will continue studying.Ok， that‘s all， thank you for your attention.四、常见问答1.考研原因There are several reasons.I have been deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when I came here last summer. In my opinion, as one of the most famous ******in our country, it provides people with enough room to get further enrichment. This is the first reason.The second one is I am long for doing research in ******throughout my life. It's a pleasure to be with my favorite ******for lifetime. I suppose this is the most important factor in my decision.Thirdly, I learnt a lot from my *****job during the past two years. However, I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value. Life is precious. It is necessary to seize any chance for self-development, especially in this competitive modern world.2. 研究生期间的计划If luckily I got the chance to learn ****** in ****** University, I will concentrate on the study and research in this field. I would like to do some practical work with the help of the supervisor and classmate. And through this, I can get something that cannot be acquired from the textbooks. I believe after 2 years of learning, my dream will finally come true.3. 为什么跨专业考研I majored in 原专业 at university. During the four years, I've read a lot of 原专业 books. Then I showed great interest in 新专业 and got to know 某新专业的名人，whose theories and works were so classical and attractive. So I want to learn more about 新专业 by making use of my 原专业 advantage and devote myself to 新专业 researching.4. 描述一下自己的性格特点As to my personal feature, I would like to say: I am a boy/girl full of curiosity, eager to learnnew things and new knowledges. I am also a boy/girl full of imagination, take one point for example, I always like to describe something or express my thoughts in some vivid ways. Like Balzac said: Life was like a prison, only imagination can open it's doors.5. 描述一下你的家庭There are four members in my family; My parents, my cute cat of 9 years old and me. My father is a *****. He often goes out on business. So most of the housework is done by my mom. Climbing at weekends is our common interest. The fresh air and natural beauty can help us get ridof tiredness. During my preparing for coming here, my parents' love and support have alwaysbeen my power. And I hope in future I will be able to repay them.五、注意事项1、切忌不要迟到，一旦迟到不要慌乱的冲进考场，并找理由为自己开脱，要礼貌的道歉。
2013考研英语复试口语常见话题范文(1)
2013考研英语复试口语常见话题范文1. 自我介绍(self-introduce)Good morning. I am glad to be here for this interview. First let me introduce myself. My name is ***, 24. I come from ******,the capital of *******Province. I graduated from the ******* department of *****University in July ,2001.In the past two years I have been prepareing for the postgraduate examination while I have been teaching *****in NO.****middle School and I was a head-teacher of a class in junior grade two.Now all my hard work has got a result since I have a chance to be interview by you .I am open-minded ,quick in thought and very fond of history.In my spare time,I have broad interests like many other youngers.I like reading books, especially those about *******.Frequently I exchange with other people by making comments in the forum on line.In addition ,during my college years,I was once a Net-bar technician.So, I have a comparative good command of network application.I am able to operate the computer well.I am skillful in searching for information in Internet.I am a football fan for years.Italian team is my favorite.Anyway,I feel great pity for our country’s team.I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning .Of course, if I am given a chance to study ****** in this famous University,I will stare no effort to master a good command of advance ******.2.考研原因(reasons for my choice)There are several reasons.I have been deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when I came here last summer. In my opinion, as one of the most famous ******in our country, it provide people with enough room to get further enrichment . This is the first reason.The second one is I am long for doing research in ******throughout my life. Its a pleasure to be with my favorite ******for lifetime. I suppose this is the most important factor in my decision.Thirdly, I learnt a lot from my *****job during the past two years. However, I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value. Life is precious. It is necessary to seize any chance for self-development, especially in this competitive modern world.In a word, I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here.3.研究生期间你的计划(plans in the postgraduate study)First, I hope I can form systematic view of *****. As for ******, my express wish is to get a complete comprehension of the formation and development as well as **************. If possible, I will go on with my study for doctorate degree.In a word, I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here.4 .介绍你的家乡(about hometown)I am from , a famous city with a long history over 2,200 years. It is called “Rong Cheng ”because there were lots of banians even 900 years ago. The city lies in the eastern part of the province. It is the center of politics, economy and culture. Many celebrities were born here, for instance, Yanfu, Xie Bingxin, Lin Zexu and so on . . You know, there is a saying that “The greatness of a man lends a glory to a place”. I thi nk the city really deserves it. The top three artware are Shoushan Stone, cattle-horn combs and bodiless lacquerware. In addition, it is famous for the hot springs. Theyare known for high-quality. Visitors athome and abroad feel it comfortable bathing here.There is my beloved hometown.5.你的家庭(about family)There are four members in my family; my parents, my cute cat of 9 years old and me. My father is a technician in the Fujian TV station. He often goes out on business. So most of the housework is done by my industrious mom. Climbing at weekends is our common interest. The fresh air and natural beauty can help us get rid of tiredness. They can strengthen our relation, too.During my prepareing for coming here ,my parents’love and support have always bee n my power.and I hope in future I wil be able to repay them.6.你的大学(about university)**********University is the oldest one in the province. It was founded in *******and covers an area of over******* mu. The building area is ************square meters. It develops into a comprehensive university with efforts of generations, especially after the reform and opening up. It takes the lead among the *********universities with nice teaching and scientific research ability. The library has a storage of *******books. . various research institutes are set up including 52 research centers. There are teaching research experimental bases. For example, the computer center, analyzing-test center, modern education technical center and so on.。
2013年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二204真题和答案解析
Section I k Use of
IZ1总体分析
今年英语知识运用部分选取的是一篇说明文，全文约350个单词，共16个句子。文章围绕电子支付这一话 题展开，讲述了电子支付时代不会很快到来的原因。
作为一项综合能力测试题，这部分主要考查考生对词汇和表达方式等语言要素的掌握程度，以及对连贯性和 一致性等语段特征的辨识能力。在20道小题中，有17道题考查词汇，包括词义辨析、词语搭配和固定搭配， 只有3道题考查语篇衔接和逻辑关系。所以，词汇依然是本题型的考查重点，亦是考生备考的重点。
T II ~ f
years later.❺Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?
1 设空处位于句首，且备选项均为表逻辑关系的副词，需结合❶句解题，故进入第2步。
分析可知，设空处关键信息点为箭头指向的空格前后部分。❶句提到，你也许会认为，我们将快速
3
❸句提到，无现金社会的预测已经存在二十年了；空格所在句对其进行举例说明：1975年《商业周
题 2 刊》曾预测，电子支付方式不久将“彻底改变货币本身的
”。由上文可看出，无现金社会即
<2
指电子货币彻底取代传统货币的社会，即货币形式发生了改变，这意味着货币本身的“概念或定义” 发生了变化。备选项中，B选项concept （概念；观念）代入文中，符合语义要求，故正确。
3、4 已由第2步得出答案，故第3、4步省略。
【参考答案】B
干扰 ❸句并未提及货币的权力及历史，故排除A选项power （权力）和C选项history （历史）。电子货 排除 币与传统货币一样，都具有支付功能，因此货币本身的角色并没有改变，故排除D选项role（角色）。
2013考研英语最后成功三套卷及考点密训讲义
2013届公共课重难点专项高分突破课程考研英语最后成功三套卷及考点密训万学教育•公共课教学与研究中心2针对性教学，一切以提高学生学习成绩为宗旨目 录第一部分 考研英语成功模拟卷.......................................................................................1 2013全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟试题（一）..............................................1 2013全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟试题（二）............................................10 2013全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟试题（三）............................................21 第二部分 写作点睛素材背诵 (31)4针对性教学，一切以提高学生学习成绩为宗旨 1第一部分 考研英语成功模拟卷2013全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟试题（一）Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s ）for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D ] on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points ）MySpace and other Web sites have unleashed a potent new phenomenon of social networking in cyberspace, 1 at the same time, a growing body of evidence is suggesting that traditional social 2 play a surprisingly powerful and under-recognized role in influencing how people behave.The latest research comes from Dr. Nicholas A. Christakis, at the Harvard Medical School, and Dr. James H. Fowler, at the University of California at San Diego. The 3 reported last summer that obesity appeared to 4 from one person to another 5 social networks, almost like a virus or a fad. In a follow-up to that provocative research, the team has produced 6 findings about another major health 7 : smoking. In a study published last week in the New England Journal of Medicine, the team found that a person's decision to 8 the habit is strongly affected by 9 other people in their social network quit — even people they do not know. And, surprisingly, entire networks of smokers appear to quit virtually 10 . For 11 of their studies, they 12 of detailed records kept between 1971 and 2003 about 5,124 people who participated in the landmark Framingham Heart Study. Because many of the subjects had ties to the Boston suburb of Framingham, Mass., many of the participants were 13 somehow —through spouses, neighbors, friends, co-workers —enabling the researchers to study a network that 14 12,067 people. Taken together, these studies are 15 a growing recognition that many behaviors are 16 by social networks in 17 that have not been fully understood. And 18 may be possible, the researchers say, to harness the power of these networks for many 19 , such as encouraging safe sex, getting more people to exercise or even 20 crime.1. [A] so [B] but [C] as [D] although2. [A] resource [B] database [C] communication [D] intranet3. [A] pair [B] sociologist s [C] spouse [D] universities4. [A] range [B] differ [C] vary [D] spread5. [A] between [B] among [C] in [D] through6. [A] consequent [B] controversial [C] similar [D] diffident7. [A] issue [B] dispute [C] problem [D] question8. [A] cultivate [B] kick [C] leave [D] tick9. [A] how [B] that [C] what [D] whether10. [A] surprisingly [B] simultaneously [C] spontaneously [D] strongly11. [A] neither [B] none [C] both [D] which针对性教学，一切以提高学生学习成绩为宗旨2 12. [A] made a companion [B] took advantage [C] took an attitude [D] had the best13. [A] concerned [B] excluded [C] encouraged [D] connected14. [A] totaled [B] increased [C] summed [D] added15. [A] filling [B] blocking [C] fueling [D] contributing16. [A] swayed [B] deviated [C] bettered [D] deteriorated17. [A] order [B] ways [C] fear [D] case18. [A] it [B] there [C] they [D] if19. [A] reasons [B] keeps [C] good [D] purposes20. [A] banning [B] promoting [C] fighting [D] committingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1The willingness of doctors at several major medical centers to apologize to patients for harmful errors is a promising step toward improving the rather disappointing quality of a medical system that kills tens of thousands of innocent patients a year inadvertently.For years, experts have lamented that medical malpractice litigation is an inefficient way to deter lethal or damaging medical errors. What they noticed, simply put it, is that most victims of malpractice never sue, and there is some evidence that many patients who do sue were not harmed by a physician’s error but instead suffered an adverse medical outcome that could not have been prevented. The details of what went wrong are often kept secret as part of a settlement agreement.What is needed, many specialists agree, is a system that quickly brings an error to light so that further errors can be headed off and that compensates victims promptly and fairly. Many doctors, unfortunately, have been afraid that admitting and describing their errors would only invite a costly lawsuit.Now, as described by Kevin Sack in The Times, a handful of prominent academic medical centers have adopted a new policy of promptly disclosing errors, offering earnest apologies and providing fair compensation. It appears to satisfy many patients, reduce legal costs and the litigation burden and, in some instances, helps reduce malpractice premiums. Here are some examples from colleges of the United States: at the University of Illinois, of 37 cases where the hospital acknowledged a preventable error and apologized, only one patient filed suit; at the University of Michigan Health System, existing claims and lawsuits dropped from 262 in August 2001 to 83 in August 2007, and legal costs fell by two-thirds.To encourage greater candor, more than 30 states have enacted laws making apologies for medical errors inadmissible in court. That sounds like a sensible step that should be adopted by other states or become federal law. Such laws could help bring more errors to light. Patients who have been harmed by negligent doctors can still sue for malpractice, using other evidence to make their case.Admitting errors is only the first step toward reforming the health care system so that far fewer mistakes are made. But reforms can be more effective if doctors are candid about how they went astray. Patients seem far less angry when they receive an honest explanation, an apology and针对性教学，一切以提高学生学习成绩为宗旨 3prompt, fair compensation for the harm they have suffered.21. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?[A] Doctors’ confession of mistakes and apologies help to better medical care.[B] Experts believe it an inefficient way for patients to sue for their livery.[C] Mistreated patients never sue once suffer an unpreventable adverse medical outcome.[D] The details of patients’ conditions are often kept secret.22. While many specialties call for a disclosure mechanism, some physicians are worrying about____.[A] exposure to the media[B] describing their mistakes in details[C] compensating victims promptly and fairly[D] involvement in an expensive civil case23. According to Paragraph 5, laws are enacted in more than 30 states ____.[A] to be adopted by other states[B] to become federal law[C] to make apologies for medical misconducts[D] to spark medical practitioners to confess more24. From the last paragraph, we can infer that Doctors should describe the way they mademistakes in order to ____.[A] admit malpractices first[B] make less medical mistakes[C] avoid lawsuits[D] be forgiven25. The author’s attitude towards doctors’ hearty apologies may be summarized as ____.[A] skeptical[B] indifferent[C] supportive[D] intolerableText 2Senator Barack Obama likes to joke that the battle for the Democratic presidential nomination has been going on so long, babies have been born, and they’re already walking and talking. That’s nothing. The battle between the sciences and the humanities has been going on for so long, its early participants have stopped walking and talking, because they’re already dead.It’s been some 50 years since the physicist-turned-novelist C.P. Snow delivered his famous “Two Cultures” lecture at the University of Cambridge, in which he decried the “gulf of mutual incomprehension,” the “hostility and dislike” that divided the world’s “natural scientists,” its chemists, engineers, physicists and biologists, from its “literary intellectuals,” a group that, by Snow’s reckoning, included pretty much everyone who wasn’t a scientist. His critique set off a frenzy of desperation that continues to this day, particularly in the United States, as educators, policymakers and other observers lament the Balkanization of knowledge, the scientific illiteracy of the general public and the chronic academic turf wars that are all too easily lampooned.Yet a few scholars believe that the cultural chasm can be bridged and the sciences and the humanities united into a powerful new discipline that would apply the strengths of both mindsets, the quantitative and qualitative, to a wide array of problems. Among the most ambitious of these针对性教学，一切以提高学生学习成绩为宗旨4 exercises in fusion thinking is a program under development at Binghamton University in New York called the New Humanities Initiative.Jointly conceived by David Sloan Wilson, a professor of biology, and Leslie Heywood, a professor of English, the program is intended to build on some of the themes explored in Dr. Wilson’s evolutionary studies program, which has proved enormously popular with science and nonscience majors alike, and which he describes in the recently published “Evolution for Everyone.” In Dr. Wilson’s view, evolutionary biology is a discipline that, to be done right, demands a crossover approach, the capacity to think in narrative and abstract terms simultaneously, so why not use it as a template for emulsifying the two cultures generally? “There are more similarities than differences between the humanities and the sciences, and some of the stereotypes have to be altered,” Dr. Wilson said. “Darwin, for example, established his entire evolutionary theory on the basis of his observations of natural history, and most of that information was qualitative, not quantitative.”As he and Dr. Heywood envision the program, courses under the New Humanities rubric would be offered campus-wide, in any number of departments, including history, literature, philosophy, sociology, law and business. The students would be introduced to basic scientific tools like statistics and experimental design and to liberal arts staples like the importance of analyzing specific texts or documents closely, identifying their animating ideas and comparing them with the texts of other immortal minds.26. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ____.[A] posing a contrast[B] justifying an assumption[C] making a comparison[D] explaining a phenomenon27. The word “balkanization” (line 7, paragraph 2) most probably means____.[A] ignorance[B] split[C] mistake[D] declination28. According to paragraph 3, New Humanities Initiative is a program that ____.[A] is ambitious enough to create new discipline[B] will gain popularity for Binghamton University[C] can bridge the gap between sciences and human[D] is a combination of sciences and arts29. By citing the example of Darwin, Dr. Wilson intends to show that ____.[A] qualitative information is more valuable than quantitative observations[B] it is preferable to take the mutual advantage of science and humanities[C] science has more similarities rather than differences than humanities[D] scientists should base their theory on qualitative information30. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Curriculum Designed to Unite Art and Science[B] A Better Scholar who Abandoned Physics for Novel[C] A Disastrous War between Science and Humanities[D] Dr. Wilson’s Contribution to the American Education针对性教学，一切以提高学生学习成绩为宗旨 5Text 3Democrats on the Senate Judiciary Committee vented their fury over high gasoline prices at executives of the nation’s five largest oil companies on Wednesday, grilling the oilmen over their multimillion-dollar pay packages and warning them that Congress was intent on taking action that could include a new tax on so-called windfall profits. Such showdowns between lawmakers and oil titans have become a familiar routine on Capitol Hill. But with gas prices nearing $4 a gallon, and lawmakers headed home for a weeklong Memorial Day recess where they expect to get an earful from angry constituents, there is added urgency for Congress to appear active.But while momentum is building for several measures, including a bill that would allow the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries to be sued in American courts under antitrust laws, there is little sign that any of the proposals would do much, if anything, to lower prices quickly. And the oil executives warned that government intervention might only make things worse. Instead, they called on Congress to allow more drilling and exploration for domestic oil.The increasing urgency to seem aggressive about gasoline prices was apparent on Tuesday when the House voted by an overwhelming 324 to 84 to approve the bill, commonly referred to as NOPEC, which classifies OPEC as a monopoly in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Senate Democrats have included that measure as part of a package of legislation intended to address the high price of gasoline, along with the tax on windfall profits and a measure to tamp down speculation in the oil futures market that many lawmakers think is contributing to the run-up in prices.At the Judiciary Committee hearing, Democratic senators struggled to have the executives explain how oil prices had risen so high. The senators expressed doubt that basic laws of supply and demand were at work and suggested instead a more sinister combination of monopolistic behavior by oil-producing countries, speculation in the futures markets and sheer corporate greed.On Monday, President Bush signed a bill temporarily suspending the purchase of crude oil for the nation’s Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Mr. Bush had initially opposed such action but relented after the House and Senate approved the bill by wide margins. Senator Richard J. Durbin, Democrat of Illinois and a strong supporter of Senator Barack Obama’s presidential bid, made a particularly pointed attack, in which he seemed to warn the oil executives that they would soon no longer have such a good friend in the White House. He also suggested that Mr. Bush should be doing more to press the oil companies to help lower prices at the pump, while acknowledging that it would be difficult to pass a windfall profits tax while Mr. Bush was still in office.31. Senate Democrats were angry with the oilmen because ____.[A] they get tax-free pay packages[B] Congress took on actions but in vain[C] the showdowns were merely a routine[D] oil prices had risen so high32. From the text we can learn that the bill allowing OPEC to be sued under antitrust laws ____.[A] handicaps more drilling and exploration for domestic oil[B] is a kind of government intervention that only makes things worse[C] turns out to be less influential to decrease oil price rapidly[D] is in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act33. The approval of the bill, NOPEC, on Tuesday implies that ____.针对性教学，一切以提高学生学习成绩为宗旨 6 [A] it is necessary to impose tax on windfall profits[B] it is urgent to fight against monopoly[C] it is pressing to think much of the ever-increasing oil prices[D] it is important to resort to NOPEC34. According to Democratic senators, which of the following is NOT a factor contributing tosoaring oil prices?[A] the basic laws of supply and demand.[B] the monopoly of oil-producing countries.[C] speculation in the oil futures markets.[D] oil companies salivating over profits.35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A] The nation’s Strategic Petroleum Reserve is more than adequate.[B] Democrats argue that greedy oil companies are the key factor of jumping oil price.[C] President Bush used to be reluctant to drag down the oil price.[D] The federal law bans the windfall profits tax in Bush Government.Text 4When older people can no longer remember names at a cocktail party, they tend to think that their brainpower is declining. But a growing number of studies suggest that this assumption is often wrong. Instead, the research finds, the aging brain is simply taking in more data and trying to sift through a clutter of information, often to its long-term benefit. The studies are analyzed in a new edition of a neurology book, “Progress in Brain Research.”Some brains do deteriorate with age. Alzheimer’s disease, for example, strikes 13 percent of Americans 65 and older. But for most aging adults, the authors say, much of what occurs is a gradually widening focus of attention that makes it more difficult to latch onto just one fact, like a name or a telephone number. Although that can be frustrating, it is often useful. “It may be that distractibility is not, in fact, a bad thing,” said Shelley H. Carson, a psychology researcher at Harvard whose work was cited in the book. “It may increase the amount of information available to the conscious mind.”For example, in studies where subjects are asked to read passages that are interrupted with unexpected words or phrases, adults 60 and older work much more slowly than college students. Although the students plow through the texts at a consistent speed regardless of what the out-of-place words mean, older people slow down even more when the words are related to the topic at hand. That indicates that they are not just stumbling over the extra information, but are taking it in and processing it. When both groups were later asked questions for which the out-of-place words might be answers, the older adults responded much better than the students.“For the young people, it’s as if the distraction never happened,” said an author of the review, Lynn Hasher, a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto and a senior scientist at the Rotman Research Institute. “But for older adults, because they’ve retained all this extra data, they’re now suddenly the better problem solvers. They can transfer the information they’ve soaked up from one situation to another.”Such tendencies can yield big advantages in the real world, where it is not always clear what information is important, or will become important. A seemingly irrelevant point or suggestion in a memo can take on new meaning if the original plan changes. Or extra details that stole yourattention, like others’ yawning and fidgeting, may help you assess the speaker’s real impact.36.From the first two paragraphs, we learn that ____ .[A] aging brains tend to process more information simultaneously[B] one becomes forgetful when he gets old[C] older people don’t think their brainpower is declining[D] the aged always stress long-term benefit37.Older adults tend to be forgetful because of ____.[A] their broader range of attention[B] the harm of Alzheimer’s disease[C] their wide information[D] their frustration from limited attention38.The studies mentioned in paragraph 3 suggest that ____.[A] it is advisable for the old to read slowly[B] out-of-place words are never negligible[C] there is nothing that can distract young people[D] old people may be more attentive in face of distractions39.What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A] Old people’s forgetfulness turns to be their advantages.[B] The meaning of a point in a memo is changing anytime.[C] Wide attention is actually valuable in daily life.[D] Extra details have impacts on one’s focus of attention40.The text intends to tell us that ____.[A] a brain with disease is a brain with wisdom[B] an older brain may be a wiser brain[C] brains do deteriorate with age[D] how an older brain processes informationPart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to fill in each numbered box. The first, fourth and the seventh paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A] If the krill can feed such huge creatures as whales, they must certainly be contenders asfood for humans. Actually, they are not merely food for people. In human studies, Krill Oil supplementation demonstrates anti-aging characteristics and anti-wrinkle fighting power, supports healthy joints, the heart, lipid and blood sugar levels, energy production, athletic performance and liver function, and eases women's PMS symptoms.[B] No one yet has seriously suggested that “plankton burgers” may soon become populararound the world. As a possible farmed supplementary food source, however, plankton is gaining considerable interest among marine scientist.[C] Despite its enormous food potential, little effort was made until recently to farm planktonwe farm grasses on land. Now, marine scientists have at last begun to study this possibility, especially as the sea’s resources loom even more important as a means of feeding an expanding world population.[D] Krill swim about just below the surface in huge schools sometimes miles wide, mainly inthe cold Antarctic. This creature is very high in food value. Each krill consists of about 15% high quality protein containing vital amino acids and about 3% fat and vitamins. It also supplies minerals such as iron, phosphorus, and calcium. A pond of these crustaceans contains about 460 calories – about the same as shrimp or lobster, to which they are related.[E] The name of plankton is derived from the Greek word πλανκτος (“planktos”), meaning“wanderer” or “drifter”. Plankton has been described as the equivalent of the grasses that grow on the dry land continents, and the comparison is an appropriate one. In potential food value, however, plankton far outweighs that of the land grasses. One scientist has estimated that while grasses of the world produce about 49 billion tons of valuable carbohydrates each year, the sea’s plankton generates more than twice as much.[F] One type of plankton that seems to have great harvest possibilities is a tiny shrimp likecreature called krill. The name comes from a Norwegian term meaning “small fry”, and specifically refers to a species of pelagic marine planktonic crustaceans. Growing to two or three inches long, krill provide the major food for the giant blue whale, the largest animal ever to inhabit the earth. Realizing that this whale may grow to 100 feet and weigh 150 tons at maturity, it is not surprising that each one devours more than one ton of krill daily.[G] In view of the distribution of the krill, farming is certainly difficult, but the 2008 fishingseason of krill in the Antarctic Ocean started in February/March. There has been speculation that the harvesting of krill in the Antarctic is decreasing the population too quickly due to global warming. However, the current quota for krill harvesting set down by the industry has not been reached. The danger to the ecosystem of the Antarctic region is therefore not being harmed by the current amount of krill taken from the ocean.[H] Scattered through the seas of the world are billions of tons of small plants and animalscalled plankton, Most of these plants and animals are too small for the human eye to see. While some forms of plankton are capable of independent movement and can swim up to several hundreds of meters vertically in a single day (a behavior called diel vertical migration), their horizontal position is primarily determined by currents in the body of water they inhabit. They drift about lazily with the currents, providing a basic food for many larger animals.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)People today all over the world are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. 46. Pollution is caused by either the release by man of completely new and often artificial substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance, such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.47. The whole industrial process which makes many of the goods and machines we need and usein our daily lives, is bound to create a number of waste products which upset the environmental balance , or the ecological balance as it is also know. 48. Many of these waste products can be prevented or disposed of sensibly, but clearly while more and more new goods are produced and made complex, there will be new, dangerous wastes to be disposed of, for example, the waste products from nuclear power stations.49. Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metals and paper. Advertising helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. 50. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem every one can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess consumption and careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.Section III WritingPart ADirections:Write a letter to China Telecom to show your puzzle about your telephone fees in the past month. In the description you should include the following items:1）what is your puzzle about the telephone bills?2）your explanations, and3）your inquiriesYou should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)健康的重要性2013全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟试题（二）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Few scientific fields are as full of risk as that of research into human intelligence. The two questions that 1 over and over again are “is it a result of nature or nurture?” and “does race make a difference?”Making 2 comments about the second question can be a 3 move, as James Watson, a co-discoverer of DNA structure, recently found. He suggested that he was “ 4 about the prospect of Africa” 5 “all our social policies are based on the fact that their intelligence is the same as ours (white people) 6 all the testing says not really”. Such 7 are not merely 8 , they are scientifically weird. If the term race has any useful scientific meaning, then Africa, the continent where modern 9 began, is most racially diverse. The resulting 10 forced Dr Watson to leave his laboratory.11 , the study of 12 between intelligence and genetics has some wiser practitioners. One of them, Terrie Moffitt, of King’s College, has just 13 a project 14 the relative importance of nature and nurture. Dr Moffitt’s team 15 the effect on intelligence of breastfeeding, but in a genetic context. Previous studies have shown that breastfed children are more intelligent, 16 about six IQ points, than those given baby formulas.The team, however, 17 the involvement of a gene called FADS2, which comes in two varieties, known as C and G. The researchers 18 if these two varieties 19 differently with breast milk. 20 on data two groups of people, they found that the intelligence increase associated with breastfeeding only happened to people having inherited at least one copy of the C variety. The effect did not depend on the social classes or IQs of the parents.。
2013年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析
2013年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析2013 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文主要分析了无现金社会为何迟迟不来的原因。
第一段是文章的中心段落，指出真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来。
第二、三段从电子支付设备昂贵、纸质支票提供收据、使用纸质支票能获得浮存利息以及电子支付方式存在的安全隐私问题四个方面分析纸币系统得以继续存在的理由。
二、试题解析1．【答案】A （However）【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入无现金社会,实现完全电子支付。
”而空后说“真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来”，两者之前出现了明显的转折关系，因此答案A。
B. moreover 表递进C.therefore 表结果D. Otherwise 表对比2．【答案】D （around）【解析】由空格所在句的“but”得知，句子前后是转折关系。
事实上,这样的预测已经二十年了,但迄今还没有实现。
A. off 停止; B. back 返回; C. over 结束，与后文均不构成转折，故答案选 D. around 出现。
3．【答案】B （concept）【解析】空格所在的句子意思为例如, 1975 年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将“彻底改变货币本身的____”将四个选项带入，能够彻底改变的对象只能是金钱的概念（定义），而A“力量”,C“历史”,D“角色”，语义都不恰当，并且如果选择role 的话，应该是复数roles, 因为是金钱的作用不止一个，故答案选B。
4．【答案】D （reverse）【解析】空格填入的动词跟前面的动词revolutionize （变革）意思上应该是同义替换的，要选择含有变革，彻底改变意思的词汇，四个选项中 A. reward 奖励 B. 抵抗 C. resume 重新开始，继续，都不合适，只有 D 选项reverse“颠覆”最为贴切，本句译为“电子支付方式不久将改变货币的定义,并将在数年后颠覆货币本身。
2013年考研英语大纲
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)考试大纲）I考试性质英语（一）考试是为高等院校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业优秀本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。
II考查目标考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：（一）语言知识1. 语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。
本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中更准确、自如地运用语法知识。
2. 词汇考生应能掌握5 500左右的词汇以及相关词组（详见附录1）。
除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。
英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。
这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。
博仁教育提示：此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。
考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。
（二）语言技能1. 阅读考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料（生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%），还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。
对所读材料，考生应能：1) 理解主旨要义；2) 理解文中的具体信息；3) 理解文中的概念性含义；4) 进行有关的判断、推理和引申；5) 根据上下文推测生词的词义；6) 理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系；7) 理解作者的意图、观点或态度；8) 区分论点和论据。
2013考研英语二真题全文翻译答案解析超详细讲解析
2012 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是一篇关于人物介绍的说明性文章，主要讲述了G. I. Joe 由普通人成长为英雄，是美国特种兵敢死队的象征。
二、试题解析1．【答案】B【解析】本段开篇提出主题：G. I. Joe 这个名字对于参加过第二次世界大战的人来说意义非凡。
空格中需要填动词，在定语从句中做谓语，其主语是who（指代men and women），动作发生的地点是in World War II；空后的句子“the people they liberated”中they也指代men and women，他们有liberate的动作，由此推断“the men and women”指的应该是参加了第二次大战的男人和女人，即服役的军人。
只有serve 有“服兵役”的意思，所以选B。
A 项perform 意为“表现；执行；表演”；C 项rebel 意为“造反，反抗”；D 项betray 意为”背叛，出卖”，皆不符合文意，为干扰项。
2．【答案】B【解析】空格处所指的人与下文的the poor farm kid 和the guy 在含义上呼应，同时与空格后的“grown intohero”逻辑含义应保持一致，因此空内信息应该是与hero“英雄”意思相对，后面的分句说他背井离乡，经历了很多苦难，显然这里应该是说由普通人平凡人（common man）成长为英雄，所以选B。
A 项actual 意为“实际上，事实上的”；C 项special 意为“特殊的，专门的”；D 项normal 意为“正常的，常态的”；皆不符合上下文语意，为干扰项。
3．【答案】A【解析】本题考查的是词语的搭配关系，需要填入动词在定语从句中做谓语，先行词是who（the guy），宾语是all the burdens of battle，要表达“承担战争带来的负担，应该用动词bear 或shoulder，所以这里选A，bore。
2013年考研复试英语自我介绍
Good morning, my dear professors! My name is SF, and I'm very honored to have this opportunity to stand here for your interview. I will be proud and confident to become a Shenyang pharmaceutical university student.Now I will introduce myself briefly. I'm -years old. And I come from -, the capital of -province. My undergraduate program will be accomplished in -in July this year. My major is pharmaceutical analysis.Generally speaking, As a student, I work hard and keep good grades. I will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is. Furthermore, Four years' College education offers me a chance to enrich my knowledge and develop abilities. As to my characters, just like my parents, I am honest, upright and open-minded. In my spare time, I like reading books, especially those about Chinese history. Also English movies are my favorite. The major I hope to pursue my further education is the science of pharmacy administration.There are several reasons accounting for my endeavor.Above all, I have been deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when I came here. Secondly, I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value. Life is precious. It isnecessary to seize any chance for self-development, especially in this competitive modern world.In a word, I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after three years study here.Finally I sincerely hope to make great achievements with your guidance and help.That is all for my self-introduction,Thank you for your attention!。
2013年考研复试面试冲关百问百答（二）复试英语常见问题（重要）
2013年考研复试面试冲关百问百答（二）复试英语常见问题（重要）第一篇：2013年考研复试面试冲关百问百答(二)复试英语常见问题(重要)第二篇复试英语FAQ一、英语听力常见问题1.如何准备英语听力?英语听力部分，大多数学校都以现有的成型考试为参考。
考生在准备听力复试的过程中，对于现有的成熟英语考试的听力部分一定要重视，比如六级听力、托福听力和雅思听力应该是复习的重点。
在复习时可以有针对性地做一些六级或托福听力或雅思听力的试题。
平时大量听力练习的空隙，觉得做题枯燥了，收听一下英语新闻，看看发音清晰的英文影片，再放松欣赏的同时又培养了语感，真可谓一举两得。
2.听力学习注意事项一：培养良好的听音习惯，听读顺序要合理可能很多同学都有类似的同感，在听材料之前，都需要先第一下文字资料，但是正是因为这些文字资料的影响，而影响了对听的内容的正确理解。
在外语学习过程中，学习者多数情况下都是先习得文字符号，从书面材料开始，通过视觉即阅读来接收、理解信息，即便是在输入音响信息时，脑子里也总是自觉不自觉地想着文字符号。
这样久而久之就产生了对文字形式的依赖性，形成了本末倒置的不良听音习惯。
考生在复习中切忌读后听音。
先将听力材料读一遍，然后再听，表面上似乎听懂了，但实际上是读懂的，是靠脑子里储存的对阅读的记忆来理解音响信息的。
照此下去，阅读非但不能帮助反而束缚和制约了听力的发展和提高。
也切忌边听边读。
听、读同时进行，似乎有助于听懂，但如果长期如此，会同样使听力陷入误区，即不能将大脑的思维活动集中在音响信息上，而是在听、读之间往返，听觉、视觉交替进行，导致精力分散，无法专心致志。
老师建议大家：一定要先听，即使一下子听不懂，也不要忙于看文字材料，这时再听第二遍、第三遍，如果还是听不懂，再求助于文字材料，但此时至少所听内容的语音形式已在你脑子里留下了一定的印象，甚至还能重复出来，借助于阅读使你理解了这些语音信息，一旦同样信息在另一种场合再现时，便不再成为难点，这才能达到阅读促进听力的目的。
2013年考研英语二真题答案及解析
2013年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)答案详解SectionⅠUse of English文章分析本篇文章是一篇议论文。
阐述了当代社会电子支付方式已日益成为人们生活中不可或缺的生活方式之一。
由此引发的问题是我们是否会迎来一个无现金社会(社会中不存在现金交易，电子支付方式完全将其取代)。
作者认为这样的无现金社会还需很长时间才可实现。
因为虽然电子支付方式相较于现金支付方式有很多优势，但仍存在一定的安全隐患，比如可能泄漏用户信息，不能保障用户的隐私安全等。
试题解析Given the advantages of electronic money,you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically.__1__a true cashless society is probably not around the corner.Indeed, predictions have been__2__for two decades but have not yet come to fruition.For example,Business Weekpredicted in1975that electronic means of payment would soon“revolutionize the very__3__of money itself，”only to __4__itself several years later.Why has the movement to a cashless society been so__5__in coming?【译文】鉴于电子化付款方式的优势，你或许会认为，我们将很快进入一个无现金社会，所有的交易都由电子支付方式完成。
2013考研复试英语口语经典问题汇总
2013考研复试英语口语经典问题汇总考研英语面试中，在自我介绍完结束后，老师就会开始问你问题。
在回答过程中要结合自己的经历和见解来准备答案，让自己回答的问题和整个的自我介绍融为一个整体。
跨考教育复试英语辅导名师李少丽老师认为，在每一年的面试中都会有很多相同的问题，这些问题看起来很平常，却有很多陷阱，一不小心就会被考官抓主“小辫子”了。
回答这些常见的看起来很平常的问题，是很有艺术的。
一、传统面试问题(Sample Traditional Interview Questions)1、What can you tell me about yourself?(关于你自己，你能告诉我些什么?)In high school I was involved in competitive sports and I always tried to improve in each sport I participated in. As a college student, I worked in a clothing store part-time and found that I could sell things easily. The sale was important,but for me,it was even more important to make sure that the customer was satisfied. It was not long before customers came back to the store and specifically asked for me to help them. I'm very competitive and it means a lot to me to be the best.分析：这一问题如果面试没有安排自我介绍的时间的话。
考研英语口语复试讲义
考研英语复试讲义各位考生：大家好！恭喜您顺利完成了研究生入学考试，接下来是等待成绩的漫长时间。
有心人应该从现在就开始准备复试了，凡事只有经过充分的准备才能得到一个完美结果。
英语复试是每个考生都要经历的，而对英语口语的考查，每个学校各不相同。
有的学校制定了非常详细的标准和流程，有的只是老师的自由发挥。
东东书店总结了历年各高校英语复试流程，不管是否严格控制，都要提醒考生认真准备以下几个问题：一、自我介绍，如籍贯、毕业学校、所学专业、业余喜好、性格特点、家庭基本情况等信息。
二、做好用英语简单介绍自己本科专业和报考专业的准备。
口语测试时，老师有可能要求你就本专业展开话题，考查你用英语讲解专业术语的能力。
因此，大家不仅要注意自己日常英语表达能力的提高，而且要多读一些跟自己专业相关的外文资料以及导师的学术论著，这些都会对后期的复试有很大帮助。
一、具体了解口语考试Ⅰ. 口试试卷形式与内容从大纲要求上看，外语口试一般旨在考查考生的英语口语交际能力，即要求考生应该有能力参与一般性或专业学术话题的讨论，不仅能够询问事实，还能询问抽象的信息。
能够就某一观点的正确与否进行争论，详细说明一个问题、一个过程或一个事件。
此外还能就某个一般性问题或所熟悉领域的问题进行阐述。
为此，考生应该能够做到下列方面：（1）使用适当、精确的口语表达思想，并能够表达出较长的、连贯达意的话语，中途由于考虑措辞及语言的恰当性可以有正常的迟疑或停顿；（2）积极地与对话伙伴进行交流，并能够使用有效的交流补救措施来弥补自己在谈话中的过失。
Ⅱ. 口试评分原则与方法口试教师从以下四方面评价考生口语交际能力。
★语音语调根据考生为完成口试任务所产出言语的可理解程度评分。
其中包括单音的清晰度，连读、失去爆破、重音、节奏、语调是否运用的正确。
只要不对理解造成影响，允许考生在英语表达中带有母语口音。
★语法与词汇根据考生使用语法和词汇的恰当性和准确性评分。
要求考生能够运用准确的语法，其中包括时态、语态、主谓一致、单复数、句法结构等是否正确。
2013考研英语复试听力 口语应试攻略.doc
文章，而后小组讨论（群面）/自由问答（很有可能是时下的热点问题）。
在准备自我介绍时，需要注意的问题有：你的名字，你原来的毕业院校，你平时的爱好兴趣等，现在所报考的专业，你为什么报考该专业，你对该专业怎样的感兴趣，对当前该专业发展的简短评价，以及你准备以怎样的态度去研究该专业等等。
如果可以的话，去找一个英语程度比较好的伙伴或朋友帮忙。
毕竟准备好的东西说起来比较流利，更会给考官们留下极好的印象。
口语测试时，考官还有可能会问及你的专业问题。
且拿作者本人来说，当时就被问到对英语哪方面感兴趣，为什么？同学们，问题看似简单，但是潜台词是要问你想要学习语言学，翻译，还是文学方面？先说出自己特别感兴趣的方面，再加上一些个人对于这几方面的理解，那么高分就唾手可得了（当然还得口语基本功扎实才行啊）！但是如果你的专业词汇不过关，所要表达的内容表达不出来，那么你现在就可以多准备点专业词汇的英文说法，总结出一个篇章来。
也可以在自我介绍部分多说说，如果说得足够流利的话，那么一定会给自己加分的哦！（来源：考研教育网）
最后，口语考试的话题选择随机性比较大，要准备好可能会被直接问到或者被拓展提到的话题做好准备。
建议同学们可以在关注时事的同时，积累一些关于背景文化知识的阅读素材，这些材料也很有可能会派上用场的！
总之，再难打的仗，也有可以被攻克的那一刻；再难死的敌
人也有他的软肋。
咱们要做的是提高自己的实力，填充自己的弹药，调整好自己的心态，直面最后一击！。
2007-2013外语用复试笔试真题汇总(回忆版)
2007年外国语言学与应用语言学复试情况回忆古代汉语整个围绕一段古文出的题, 就是古代汉语第一册的第一课, 说那个大王是他妈难产生下来的那一课. 首先是写出一些现代汉字的繁体字, 我记得有"认", "实"等共六个, 我写出四个吧. 然后就是课文词义解释, 就等于让你背古文注解, 这有十个题, 每个一分. 最后就是关于课文的一些提问, 总共四五个问题, 考得比较综合, 关于古文的一些特殊句式和用法, 我觉得是考到了宾语前置和使动用法. 但是听去年的学姐说就是考了一个古文的整段翻译, 好象是关于望洋兴叹的那一段. 照这么看来, 今年的古文题型就有很大的变化, 大家还是要从基础抓起, 从平时做起, 才能以不变应万变.英语国家概况今年考得巨简单, 从题型就可以看出来: 就是二十个选择题, 一个一分. 我记得第一个题就是问都柏林是哪个国家的英美文学对于我考这个方向的来说很简单, 都是主流作家的名字和作品的填空, 难度跟那些专八复习资料编的差不多, 只不过是填空就是了. 但是我后来注意到我有几处拼写错误了, 也要扣个三四分左右, 看大概来填空果然还是很需要小心的.语言学考得我感觉难度在文学之上. 先是十个填空, 我就晕了. 大概都是那种描述一个概念,然后让你指出他描述的概念是什么. 第二个题目是问答题, 有两个小题, 每个5分. 第一个是要你举例说明格莱斯的合作原则, 第二个是让你对一个观点作出评价, 那个观点好象是说: Language is about fuzziness大概是这样的.2008年复试考题现代汉语部分 20分一、填空题 16个， 1个1分1 普通话的基础方言是-------2 陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句是根据句子的-------划分的3 反切法是----------------------------两个音合成的就是定义题5个定义题6，7，8题是三个汉字注国际音标下来是五个词判断词的类型 5分三个短语的类型 3分二、短语成分分析 2个， 4分短语不长，挑一些简单的短语在下面练习练习就行古代汉语部分 20分词义解释比较多可能占十多分左右，这部分需要重点复习。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
海天教育英语复试讲义
主讲：赵南望
一、简短问答
其他常见问题：
二、话题问答
三、自我介绍
常规版本一：
常规版本二：
，
介绍家乡模版：
文科类自我介绍模版
理工科自我介绍模版
（参考阅读）
描述个人品质的常用形容词：
有才干的，能干的适应性强的主动的，活跃的有进取心的
有雄心壮志的和蔼可亲的友好的善于分析的有理解力的
有志气的，有抱负的有冒险精神的有能力的，有才能办理仔细的正直的能胜任的建设性的有合作精神的富创造
力的有奉献精神的可靠的老练的，有策守纪律的
尽职的受过良好教育的有效率的精力充沛的善于表达
守信的，忠诚的直率的，真诚的宽宏大量的有教养的有礼貌的
北京海天环球教育科技有限公司有幽默公正的有主见的勤奋的有独创性的
目的明确的理解力强的精通某门学问的条理分明的
有方法的谦虚的客观的一丝不苟的严守时刻的实事求是的负责的明白事理的光明正大的踏实的有系统的意志坚强的性情温和的稳健的孜孜不倦的
四、讨论问题
双人讨论
单人论述
（）
上海是中国重要的经济、金融、贸易、科技、信息和文化中心。
作为一座历史文化名城，上海以她独特的风韵吸引了数以百万计的海内外游客。
上海同时也是美食家的乐园，尤其是上海的本帮菜，特别受到海外人士的亲睐。
最引人入胜的建筑当属黄浦江畔的东方明珠塔。
登上观光层，或俯视黄浦江对岸的外滩万国建筑博览群，或举目鸟瞰全市，无限风光，尽收眼底，令人心旷神怡，流连忘返。
（）
现代化的交通、电信与大众传媒手段使世界变得越来越小，国际社会如同一个地球村，居住在地球村里的各国人民在文化交流中彼此尊重、共求发展。
我认为，不同的文化应该相互学习，取长补短。
文化交流不是让外来的文化吞没自己的文化，而是为了丰富各民族的文化。
当然，在广泛的交流中，一个民族的文化必须保持本民族的鲜明特色，必须对人类文明的发展做出贡献。
（）
我们这次来是抱着积极参与、扩大共识、增进互信、加强合作的目的，与你们一起探讨双方未来的发展目标和指导方针。
中国历来十分重视发展与贵国的关系，支持贵国在国际事务中发挥积极作用。
我们应该以长远的战略眼光审视和处理双方关系，建立睦邻互信伙伴关系。
这不仅符合时代潮流，有利于我们两国的根本利益，而且也有利于推动建立公正合理的国际新秩序，有利于促进亚洲与世界和平与发展的崇高事业。
（）
信息技术正在从根本上改变着世界，改变着人们的居住、工作、管理和交际方式。
在这场全球信息革命中，信息技术和通信技术的加速发展正在对经济活动和社会结构的几乎所有方面产生越来越大的影响。
更重要的是，技术的本质是将模拟技术转变为数字技术，将有线电信和固定电信转变为无线电信和移动电信，将互为独立的声音、资料、文字和图像传播方式转变为交互式的多媒体方式。
这个先进的电子网络世界将开辟一个创新与发展的崭新天地。
五、即兴演讲
（）
科教兴国战略是我国的一项基本国策。
科技进步是经济发展的决定性因素，发展教育是科技进步的基础。
我们认为，全球范围内日趋激烈的竞争和综合国力的较量，归根结底是科技和人才的竞争。
科教工作的根本任务是提高全民族的思想道德素质、科学文化素质和创新能力。
大力发展教育和科技事业是我国现代化事业进一步发展的需要，同时也是适应世界科技革命和全球竞争新形势的需要。
（）
旅游业是现代发展得最快的产业之一。
的确，旅游业的增长率通常超过全球经济的增长率。
旅游业发展成一个大规模的产业依靠的是快速廉价的现代化交通工具。
例如，国际旅游业发展得最快的时期正是航空运输业的发展时期。
旅游业不仅有利于航空公司、旅游、餐饮、出租车等行业，而且还有利于许多商业机构，甚至有利于生产旅游商品的制造业。
旅游业不是一个单一性行业，而是由向游客提供各种服务的许多不同行业所组成的综合性行业，包括交通、住宿、餐饮、导游翻译等服务行业。
六、朗读
（）
（）
七、描述图表
无论描述什么样的图表，都可以用三段式格式，也就是回答三个问题，即：该图表的主体是什么？
该图标的具体内容是什么？该图标的含义是什么？
八、专业翻译（）
（）
（）
（）
（）
【译文】起初，许多州和城市试图禁止自行车使用这些干线公路，称这些公路危险，但是自行车运动组织指出，这些公路是自行车手的基本交通设施，对他们每天往返于目的地必不可少，同时指出，数据事故表明，干线公路上的伤亡率并不比其他道路高多少，从而成功地对这些有歧视的法律提出了质疑。
（）
【译文】其潜在后果是危险的，所以为了抑制电脑犯罪，立法者应该考虑更加强大的威慑力量，通过为执法人员提供更多资金，并且增加资金用于更多培训和购置设备，以调查和起诉电脑犯罪分子，从而提高网络安全。
（）
【译文】政治上，政府必须全力介入进行援助。
这一方面是因为多年以来资本在利润中占去了很大份额，重心注定要返回；另一方面是因为给了银行万亿计美元的当政者们承担着巨大的压力，需要大量注资来挽救就业岗位。
然而挽救不能仅以美元来衡量。
错误的决策反倒会弄巧成拙。
自年代和年代初期的经济衰退以来，欧洲缺乏灵活度的劳动力市场就使失业率几十年来居高不下。
（）
【译文】各国政府正为劳动者提供大量的短期援助。
美国的社会保障体系在富裕国家中处于最低，而最近出台的经济刺激计划中，扩大失业救济金惠及面恰恰是计划中的一部分。
日本为长期以来受忽视的非固定劳动者群体提供社会援助。
不过总的来说，比起失业补助，资助企业以留住员工才是明智之举。
很多国家通过缩短每周工作日或强制休假来满足劳工薪资。