习题解-answer6
人工智能练习题答案
⼈⼯智能练习题答案1、什么是⼈⼯智能？⼈⼯智能有哪些研究领域？何时创建该学科，创始⼈是谁？（1）AI（Artificial Intelligence）是利⽤计算机技术、传感器技术、⾃动控制技术、仿⽣技术、电⼦技术以及其他技术仿制⼈类智能机制的学科（或技术），再具体地讲就是利⽤这些技术仿制出⼀些具有⼈类智慧（能）特点的机器或系统（2）⼈⼯智能的研究领域主要有专家系统、机器学习、模式识别、⾃然语⾔理解、⾃动定⼒证明、⾃动程序设计、机器⼈学、博弈、智能决策⽀持系统、⼈⼯神经⽹络等（3）⼈⼯智能于1956年夏季，由麦卡锡，明斯基、洛切斯特、⾹农等发起创建2、产⽣式系统的由哪三部分组成？各部分的功能是什么？课本29页（1）产⽣式系统由综合数据库、产⽣式规则和控制系统三部分组成（2）综合数据库⽤于存放当前信息，包括初始事实和中间结果；产⽣式规则⽤于存放相关知识；控制系统⽤于规则的解释或执⾏程序。
3、设有三枚硬币，其初始状态为（反，正，反），允许每次翻转⼀个硬币（只翻⼀个硬币，必须翻⼀个硬币）。
必须连翻三次。
⽤知识的状态空间表⽰法求出到达状态（反，反，反）的通路。
画出状态空间图。
课本51页问题求解过程如下：（1）构建状态⽤数组表⽰的话，显然每⼀硬币需占⼀维空间，则⽤三维数组状态变量表⽰这个知识：Q=（q1 , q2 , q3）取q=0 表⽰钱币的正⾯; q=1 表⽰钱币的反⾯构成的问题状态空间显然为：Q0=（0，0，0），Q1=（0，0，1），Q2=（0，1，0）, Q3=（0，1，1），Q4=（1，0，0），Q5=（1，0，1），Q6=（1，1，0），Q7=（1，1，1）（2）引⼊操作f1：把q1翻⼀⾯。
f2：把q2翻⼀⾯。
f3：把q3翻⼀⾯。
显然：F={f1，f2，f3}⽬标状态：（找到的答案）Qg=（0，0，0）或（1，1，1）（3）画出状态图从状态图可知：从“反，正，反”（1，0,1）到“正，正，正”（0,0,0）没有解题路径；从“反，正，反”（1，0,1）到“反，反，反”（1,1,1）有⼏条解题路径f3 f2 f3,f1 f2 f1,…4、⼋数码问题：已知⼋数码的初始状态和⽬标状态如下：=>。
新标准大学英语综合教程二 unit1 课后习题答案
综合教程二unit1 课后习题答案Active reading（1）3）．Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 a subject that people discuss or argue about (issue)2 a chance to do something (opportunity)3 the most important and powerful people in the country (establishment)4 an area of land containing all the main buildings of a university (campus)5 something such as a meeting or public statement by people who strongly disagree with a policy, law etc (protest)6 to start a major activity (launch)7 chances of success, especially in a job or a career (prospects)8 work that you are paid regularly to do for a person or company (employment)4）. Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.What are the most important (1) issues for students today? Is the university (2) campus really such a different place compared to what it was 40 years ago? Perhaps, as the passage suggests, there are fewer (3) protests by students against the (4) establishment than there used to be. And of course, improving your (5)prospects of being competitive in the (6) employment market is a major concern for students everywhere, since a good university degree is the means by which you can (7) launch your career. But in spite of all this, the role of the university is the same as it always has been. It is the place where you have the (8) opportunity to learn to think for yourself.5）.Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words and phrases in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 There were fights between police and protestors outside the US Embassy. (clashes)2 The two parties formed a temporary political arrangement to respond to the problem. (alliance)3 I’ve always considered myself as someone who is tolerant of other people’s idea. (liberal)4 The chief official of an American state has a lot of power. (governor)5 The financial situation of Western European countries rapidly improved in the 1960s. (economy)6 The 1960s were associated with a new type of popular music. (characterized)The 1960s were characterized by a new type of popular music.7 Mark left college without finishing the course and joined a rock band. (dropped out)8 For many people, listening to their music was an experience which made them feel free. (liberating)For many people, listening to their music was a liberating experience.9 For some people, an interest in politics went hand in hand with a strong enthusiasm for music. (passion)6) . Answer the questions about the words.1 (b) not very clearly?2 (a) active?3 (b) who disagrees publicly with the government?4 (b) not interested in it?5 (b) exciting?6 (a) get smaller?7 (a) often in touch with them?8 (b) great pleasure?Active reading 23).Match the words in the box with their definitions.1.rebel2.era3.destruction4.gender5.assert6.philosophy7.industrial4).Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.1.rebel2.assert3.era4.industrial5.philosophy6.gender7.destruction5).Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1.a2.a3.a4.a5.b6.a7.b8.bLanguage in useplete the sentences with the words in brackets and the suffix -ment or -ism.1. What is the going to do about this problem? (govern)Correct answer :government2. refers to a contemporary way of thinking, and is not easy to define. (postmodern)Correct answer : Postmodernism3. Post-war economic led to the creation of new universities in the 1960s. (develop)Correct answer : development4. We must combat money worship and extreme . (individual)Correct answer : individualism5. The two groups discussed for a long time, but couldn't reach an . (agree)Correct answer : agreement6. The best we can make for the future is to provide opportunities for the younger generation. (invest)Correct answer : investment7. is the belief that men and women should be treated differently. (sex)Correct answer : Sexism8. The of Wordsworth is evident in his poem on the French Revolution. (romantic)Correct answer : romanticism2.Rewrite the sentences using so / neither / nor + inversion. Follow the example.1. The world has changed a lot since the 1960s. Universities have changed a lot, too. Suggested answer:The world has changed a lot since the 1960s, and so have universities.2. I really enjoyed my years at university. Jackie also enjoyed the time she spent at university. Suggested answer:I really enjoyed my years at university, and so did Jackie.3. Choosing the right course is always a major problem for new students. Another major problem is organizing one's time on campus.Suggested answer:Choosing the right course is always a major problem for new students, and so is organizing one's time on campus.4. I'm thinking of going to the lecture on post-colonial literature. Li Ming is thinking of going, too. Suggested answer:I'm thinking of going to the lecture on post-colonial literature, and so is Li Ming.5. I think the facilities in our college have improved over the last few years. In my opinion the teaching has also got better.Suggested answer:I think the facilities in our college have improved over the last few years, and so has the teaching.6. We can access the Internet in our student hostel, and it's the same for everyone else on campus. Suggested answer:We can access the Internet in our student hostel, and so can everyone else on campus.7. I'm not very interested in politics. My friends aren't either.Suggested answer:I'm not very interested in politics, nor are my friends.8. I won't be doing much tonight. My roommate won't be doing much either.Suggested answer:I won't be doing much tonight, nor will my roommate.3.Rewrite the sentences using mean. Follow the example.1. When you start out at college you meet lots of interesting people.Suggested answer:Starting out at college means meeting lots of interesting people.2. If you go to bed too late you won't be able to concentrate the next day.Suggested answer:Going to bed too late means not being able to concentrate the next day.3. When you do a course in Lit Theory you spend a lot of time on difficult subjects.Suggested answer:Doing a course in Lit Theory means spending a lot of time on difficult subjects.4. To be interested in literature is to have an open mind about other ways of life.Suggested answer:Being interested in literature means having an open mind about other ways of life.5. To protest against the Vietnam War in the 1960s you went out onto the streets.Suggested answer:Protesting against the Vietnam War in the 1960s meant going out onto the streets.6. When you go to college today you spend a lot of time thinking about what you will do afterwards.Suggested answer:Going to college today means spending a lot of time thinking about what you will do afterwards.4.Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 On university campuses in Europe, mass socialist or communist movements gave rise to increasingly violent clashes between the establishment and the college students, with their new and passionate commitment to freedom and justice. (with their …and justice 部分最好提前，即先说学生的状况，再说学生与当权者的冲突。
大学体验英语综合教程3第三版课后习题答案与翻译
Unit 11.年轻人有时会抱怨无法和父母沟通。
(communicate with)Answer: Young people sometimes complain of being unable to communicate with their parents.2. 能在中国云南的一个苗家村落住下来一直是玛丽长久以来的梦想，现在她终于梦想成真了。
(to take up residence) Answer: It has been Mary’s long cherished dream to take up residencein a Miao village in Yunnan, China. Now her dream has finally come true.3. 家养的动物习惯于依赖人，因此很难能在野外活下来。
(survive) Answer: Domestic animalsare used to depending on humans, so it is difficult for them to survive in the wild.4. 他突然有种恐惧感，觉得自己会因为经济不景气而被公司裁员。
(overtake)Answer: He was suddenly overtaken by a fear that he would be laid off by the company becauseof depression.5. 我估计公交路线上堵车了，因为我都等了30分钟也没见一辆车开过去。
(figure)Answer: I figure that there is a traffic jam on the route of the bus, for I’ve waited for 30 m without seeing one passing by.1.十年前，当公司还处在生产的鼎盛时期时，我们就决定投资新技术，将公司转型为技术密集型企业。
虚拟语气练习题及答案
虚拟语气练习题及答案1. 如果我昨天早一点起床，我就不会迟到了。
- 答案：If I had got up earlier yesterday, I wouldn't have been late.2. 他本应该在会议上发言，但他没有准备好。
- 答案：He should have spoken at the meeting, but hewasn't prepared.3. 要是我知道答案，我就会告诉你。
- 答案：If I knew the answer, I would tell you.4. 她希望她能通过这次考试。
- 答案：She wishes she could pass this exam.5. 要是我没有这么多工作，我就可以和你一起去旅行了。
- 答案：If I didn't have so much work, I could go on atrip with you.6. 我们建议他应该更加小心。
- 答案：We suggest that he should be more careful.7. 如果你当时在场，你会怎么做？- 答案：What would you have done if you had been there?8. 要是他早点告诉我，我就能帮他了。
- 答案：If he had told me earlier, I could have helped him.9. 我本应该更加努力地学习。
- 答案：I should have studied harder.10. 要是他没有生病，他就能参加比赛了。
- 答案：If he hadn't been sick, he could haveparticipated in the competition.答案解析- 虚拟语气通常用于表示与现实相反的情况，或者表达愿望、建议等。
- 虚拟语气的构成通常包括“if”引导的条件句和主句中的“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。
尔雅《诗经》习题解答answer
1.1 1【单选题】关于《诗经》中的词，以下哪个说法是不确切的？（D）A、诗经中的词实际上是歌词B、诗经中的词是最初通过歌唱传承的C、诗经中的词是因为礼乐活动的需要而创造的D、诗经中的词是可以当成诗来诵读2【单选题】据研究，“诗经”一词是在（B）才被固定下来，并作为一本书的名称。
A、南朝B、南宋C、北朝D、北宋3【判断题】《诗经》中的词是在“礼坏乐崩”之后才被逐渐记录下来，并成为文本读物。
（√）1.2 1【单选题】以下哪一部文献中是将“六义”称为“六诗”？（C）A、《毛诗序》B、《周易》C、《周礼》D、《毛诗正义》2【单选题】“直铺陈今之政教善恶”是郑玄对“六义”中（A）的解释。
A、“赋”B、“比”C、“兴”D、“风”3【单选题】根据郑玄的解释，“颂之言诵也，容也。
”中“容”的意思是（C）。
A、容量B、状态C、舞蹈D、容貌4【单选题】“主文而谲谏”中的“谲谏”与以下哪一种劝诫方式类似？（B）A、正谏B、讽谏C、忠谏D、戆谏5【判断题】东汉时有“两郑”，郑玄被称为“前郑”，郑众被称为“后郑”。
（×）6【判断题】根据《毛诗大序》的阐释，“雅”诗可以分为“大雅”和“小雅”。
（√）1.3 1【单选题】“风、雅、颂者，《诗》篇之异体”语出（D）。
A、《毛诗序》B、《毛传》C、《毛诗大序》D、《毛诗正义》2【单选题】根据朱熹的注释，“先言它物以引起所咏之词也”指的是以下哪一“义”？（C）A、“赋”B、“比”C、“兴”D、“风”3【单选题】“螽斯门”中的“螽斯”实际上指的是（B）。
A、葫芦B、蚂蚱C、石榴D、鱼籽4【判断题】《诗集传》是由唐代孔颖达所著的关于《诗经》的研究著作。
（×）5【判断题】“比显而兴隐”是说“比”一般很容易看出来，但是“兴”就相对含蓄隐晦一些。
（√）2.1 1【单选题】在十五国风中，属于王家直属区域的风是（A）。
A、周南和召南B、曹风和豳风C、魏风和唐风D、王风和郑风2【单选题】《诗经·豳风·东山》主要讲了以下哪一位历史人物东征的故事？（D）A、公刘B、管叔C、蔡叔D、周公3【单选题】最早提到王官采诗的大致情况的先秦典籍是（C）。
人工智能习题解答
人工智能第1部分绪论1-1.什么是人工智能？试从学科和能力两方面加以说明。
答：从学科方面定义：人工智能是计算机科学中涉及研究、设计和应用智能机器的一个分支。
它的近期目标在于研究用机器来模拟和执行人脑的某些智力功能，并开发相关理论和技术从能力方面定义：人工智能是智能机器所执行的通常与人类智能有关的智能行为，如判断、推理、证明、识别、感知、理解、通信、设计、思考、规划、学习和问题求解等思维活动。
1-2.在人工智能的发展过程中，有哪些思想和思潮起了重要作用？答：1）数理逻辑和关于计算本质的新思想，提供了形式推理概念与即将发明的计算机之间的联系；2）1956年第一次人工智能研讨会召开，标志着人工智能学科的诞生；3）控制论思想把神经系统的工作原理与信息理论、控制理论、逻辑以及计算联系起来，影响了许多早期人工智能工作者，并成为他们的指导思想；4）计算机的发明与发展；5）专家系统与知识工程；6）机器学习、计算智能、人工神经网络和行为主义研究，推动人工智能研究的近一步发展。
1-3.为什么能够用机器（计算机）模仿人的智能？答：物理符号系统的假设：任何一个系统，如果它能够表现出智能，那么它就必定能执行输入符号、输出符号、存储符号、复制符号、建立符号结构、条件迁移6种功能。
反之，任何系统如果具有这6种功能，那么它就能够表现出智能（人类所具有的智能）。
物理符号系统的假设伴随有3个推论。
推论一：既然人具有智能，那么他（她）就一定是各物理符号系统；推论二：既然计算机是一个物理符号系统，它就一定能够表现出智能；推论三：既然人是一个物理符号系统，计算机也是一个物理符号系统，那么我们就能够用计算机来模拟人的活动。
1-4.人工智能的主要研究内容和应用领域是什么？其中，哪些是新的研究热点？答：研究和应用领域：问题求解（下棋程序），逻辑推理与定理证明（四色定理证明），自然语言理解，自动程序设计，专家系统，机器学习，神经网络，机器人学（星际探索机器人），模式识别（手写识别，汽车牌照识别，指纹识别），机器视觉（机器装配，卫星图像处理），智能控制，智能检索，智能调度与指挥（汽车运输高度，列车编组指挥），系统与语言工具。
英语练习题答案
英语练习题答案一、选择题：1. Which of the following is NOT a fruit?A. AppleB. CarrotC. BananaD. OrangeAnswer: B2. The word "environment" can be spelled as:A. envoirnmentB. enviromentC. environmentD. enveronmentAnswer: C3. What is the past tense of "write"?A. wroteB. writC. writedD. writenAnswer: A4. The opposite of "agree" is:A. disagreeB. agreeableC. agreementD. disagreeableAnswer: A5. Fill in the blank: "She is _______ to the idea of going ona vacation."A. openB. closedC. opposedD. indifferentAnswer: C二、填空题：6. The _______ of the meeting is to discuss the new project. Answer: purpose7. He is _______ to be the best candidate for the job.Answer: considered8. The _______ of the old building was a great loss to the community.Answer: demolition9. She _______ the book to the library after she finished reading it.Answer: returned10. The _______ of the company is to provide high-quality products.Answer: mission三、改错题：11. I don't know where is the nearest post office.Correction: I don't know where the nearest post office is.12. She told me that she had already finished her homework.Correction: (No error)13. The children are playing with their toys happily.Correction: (No error)14. He has been studying English for three years already.Correction: (No error)15. They are planing to go on a trip next weekend.Correction: They are planning to go on a trip next weekend.四、翻译题：16. 这个项目的成功取决于团队的合作。
研究生英语教材课后习题解答上册
Unit 1Text AExercises1. Reading comprehensionA. Read the text and answer the following questions.1. What, according to the author, do Americans love Cite examples to illustrate your point.Americans love new frontiers. For example, they hanker after wide-open spaces; they like to explore; they like to make rules but refuse to follow them.2. Is there a place on earth where you can go and be yourself What is the place according to the authorAccording to the author, there is a place—cyberspace, where you can go and be yourself.3. What metaphor does the author use to describe cyberspace Why does she use such a metaphorReal estate, because both real estate and cyberspace consist of different parts and each part is suitable for a particular group of people.4. Does the author approve of regulating cyberspace Why or why notYes, but first, it is fundamental to understand the nature of cyberspace.5. What does the author think is needed in cyberspace besides governmentcontrolSelf-rule.6. What are some of the main areas of cyberspace that the author defines What other areas do you know that have recently emerged in cyberspace . e-business)E-mail conversations, information and entertainment services, and cyberspace communities.7. How do cyberspace communities evolve Give examples to illustrate your point.People of similar interests and tastes form a community. For example, communities on CompuServe tend to be professional; those on America Online are affluent young singles, and so on.8. What is unique about cyberspace rules What authority do they have that rules in terrestrial environments don’t haveIt allows communities of any size and kind to flourish. Cyberspace rules have moral authority that terrestrial governments don’t have.9. In what spirit are new communities formedCommunities cater to their own members’ inclination..10. What kind of government do explorers in cyberspace needTheir own local government besides terrestrial government does explorers.11. What should be done to deal with questionable items in cyberspaceAre people already doing thatWe should be banning them and using labels and automatic filters to get rid of them. Yes.12. Is cyberspace a perfect place If not, why are people so excited about itNo, it is not. People are excited about it because it offers a lot of information and freedom.B. Global understanding and appreciation of the text.1. Analogy (比喻，类推) is a figure of speech (修辞手段) which draws a parallel between two different types of things, and uses on (usually familiar to the reader) to explain reader’s understanding of the writer’s point.Can you draw a parallel between real estate and cyberspace What point does the analogy supportThe analogy between real estate and cyberspace2. By dividing cyberspace into three parts and using similes(明喻), theauthor defines the nature of cyberspace and illustrates further her point that government regulation is not needed in cyberspace. Complete the following form to show that you understand the author’s point. Please be reminded that the underlying structure of a simile is “A is like B”.3. In what way do the rules of a terrestrial government and those of a cyberspace community differ Refer to para. 11 to answer the question.4. What is the language style of the article Is it formal and literary or informal and conversational Cite examples from the text to support your answer.This article is written in an informal and conversational style. For example, the author uses some slangy words, incomplete sentences, contractions, and addresses the reader as “you”.II. VocabularyA. Find a word or phrase from the paragraph indicated in the bracket that means the same as:1. in the past —→ formerly2. include —→ embrace3. man-made —→ artificial4. control systematically —→ regulate5. exactly —→ precisely6. undesired —→ unwanted7. irrelevant —→ extraneous8. having intense feeling —→ passionate9. aim toward —→ be targeted to10. not far away —→ at hand11. be charged for —→ be sued forB. Choose the best word to complete each of the following sentences,1. this book ____a___ all the information you need.a. containsb. embracesc. offersd. involves2. The government _____c____ the number of foreign cars that could be imported.a. refrainsb. restrainsc. restrictsd. prevents3. As a teacher you should not show _____b___ towards any of your students.a. pleasureb. favorc. preferenced. inclination4. Traffic is _____d___ by police at every intersection.a. enforcedb. imposedc. limitedd. regulated5. How much do you ____b___ for this pair of shoesa. billb. chargec. costd. afford6. We can ______b____ now and return to work in the morning.a. leave outb. leave offc. sign awayd. sign off7. That matter can be left ___b___ until our next meeting.a. onb. overc. aloned. about8. I learned that he was _____a____ sick leave from a government office.a. onb. inc. takend. spending9. It was one of the most beautiful sights that I had ever set eyes ____c_____.a. tob. inc. ond. down10. Each week he tried to set _____d____ a few dollars of his salary.a. forthb. aboutc. apartd. asideIII. ClozeChoose a proper word from the list to fill in each blank in the following passage. Change the form of the word if necessary:Born to SurfThe web From the Window contains poetry and literature from well-known writers across the global. There are thoughtful articles analyzing the state of the world we live in. There is (1)even a piece from the Secretary General of the United States, Kofi Annan. It may come (2)as some surprise to find out (3)that the editor of the magazine is a 12-year-old girl, Joy Nightingale.From the Window (4)won Joy Nightingale the first prize in the 1999 childnet Inter-national and Cable and Wireless awards. These are given (5)annually for the best use of the Internet (6)by and for young people. And (7)they highlight one of the most welcoming aspects of the (8)virtual world. Children have taken to the Internet as though they are born surfing.Perhaps this is (9)because adults have had to change their understanding of technology while children (10)simply accept it as natural. Whatever the reason, children can be found building websites and E-mailing friends (11)across the world while adults are (12)still asking: “Tell me again — where (13)exactly is cyberspace”Of course there is growing (14)concern about the fact that children can travel far away from parental supervision in cyberspace. In (15)response , many parents have installed soft-ware packages which prevent (16)access to violent or pornographic websites. Childnet is taking a more positive line. The website is a gateway (17)to a world of education and entertainment.The rapid growth in Internet culture has (18)led analysts to speculate that society will soon be divided (19)between the “information rich”and “information poor”. For Childnet it is especially important that children at the margins of society through poverty or disability have the chance to take their (20)palce as equal citizens in the virtual world.IV. TranslationTranslate the following into Chinese:The possibility of a real market-style evolution of governance is at hand. In cyberspace, we’ll be able to test and evolve rules governing what needs to be governed — intellectual property, content and access control, rules about privacy and free speech. Some communities will allow anyone in: otherswill restrict access to members who qualify on one basis or another. Those communities that prove self-sustaining will prosper (and perhaps grow and split into subsets with ever-more-particular interests and identities). Those that can’t survive-either because people lose interest or get scared off-will simply wither away.一种真正的市场型管理模式很快成为可能。
计算机专业英语(2008影印版)课后习题答案(包括crossword_puzzle的句子翻译)
Computing Essentials 2008课后练习题答案详解Chapter 1: Information Technology, The Internet, and Y ouCrossword Puzzle Answers: (p22)Across1 、The most essential part of an information system. People信息系统最基本的部分。
人7 、Coordinates computer resources. Operating System协调计算机资源。
操作系统10 、Modifies signals for processing. Modem修改信号以便处理。
调制解调器12 、Data that has been processed by the computer. Information计算机处理过的数据。
信息13 、Unprocessed facts. Data没处理过的事实。
数据14 、Notebook computer that accepts handwritten input.. Tablet PC可以用手写输入的笔记本电脑。
平板电脑DownNum. Clue Answer2 、Uses computers to become more productive. End User使用电脑变得更有效率。
终端用户3 、Rules or guidelines to follow when using software, hardware, and data. Procedures使用软件，硬件和数据时遵循的规则或指引。
指令说明书4 、Created by word processors. Document Files文字处理创建出来的。
文档文件5 、Specialized programs that allow input and output devices to communicate. Device Drivers 允许输入和输出设备通信的专业程序。
高级英语课后习题答案第一册完整版
⾼级英语课后习题答案第⼀册完整版⾼级英语第⼀册课后习题答案Lesson11)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries．Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt．2)The bazaar includes many markets：cloth—market，copper—smiths’market．carpet—market，food—market，dye—market，pottery—market，carpenters’market，etc．They represent the backward feudal economy．3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing．Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar．4)Because the earthen floor，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit.5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgettable scene.II .1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3)they drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4)He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5)As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.Ⅲ. See the translation of text.IV.1)n. +n..seaside, doorway, graveyard, warlord2)n. +v..daybreak, moonrise, bullfight3)v. +n..cutback, cutthroat, rollway4)adj. +n..shortterm, softcoal, softliner, hardware5)adv. +v. .output , upgrade, downpour6)v. +adv..pullover, buildupV.1)thread (n.) she failed to put the thread through the eye of the needle.(v.) He threaded through the throng.2)round (v.) On the 1st of September the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope. (adv.) He wheeled round and faced me angrily.3)narrow(v.) In the discussions we did not narrow the gap any further. (adj．)He failed by a very narrow margin．4)price(n．) The defence secretary said the U．S．was not looking for an agreement at anyprice．(v．)At the present consumption rates(of oil)the world may well be pricing itself out of its future．5) (v．)live About 40％of the population lives on the land and tries to live off it．(adj．)The nation heard the inaugural speech in a live broadcast．6)tower (n．)The tower was built in the 1 4th century．(v．)The general towered over his contemporaries．7)dwarf (v．)A third of the nation's capital goods are shipped from this area，which dwarfs West Germany's mighty Ruhr Valley in industrial output．(n．)Have you ever read the story of Snow White and the Dwarfs?Ⅵ．1)light and heat：glare，dark，shadowy，dancing flashes．the red of the live coals，glowing bright，dimming，etc．2)sound and movement：enter，pass，thread their way．penetrate，selecting，pricing，doinga little preliminary bargaining，din，tinkling，banging，clashing，creak，squeaking，rumbling，etc．3)smell and colour：profusion of rich colours，pungent and exotic smells，etc．Ⅶ．1)glare指刺眼的光；brightness指光源发出的强烈稳定的光，强调光的强度。
研究生英语教材课后习题解答上册
Unit 1Text AExercises1. Reading comprehensionA. Read the text and answer the following questions.1. What, according to the author, do Americans love? Cite examples to illustrate your point.Americans love new frontiers. For example, they hanker after wide-open spaces; they like to explore; they like to make rules but refuse to follow them.2. Is there a place on earth where you can go and be yourself? What is the place according to the author?According to the author, there is a place—cyberspace, where you can go and be yourself.3. What metaphor does the author use to describe cyberspace? Why does she use such a metaphor?Real estate, because both real estate and cyberspace consist of different parts and each part is suitable for a particular group of people.4. Does the author approve of regulating cyberspace? Why or why not?Yes, but first, it is fundamental to understand the nature of cyberspace.5. What does the author think is needed in cyberspace besides government control?Self-rule.6. What are some of the main areas of cyberspace that the author defines?What other areas do you know that have recently emerged in cyberspace (e.g. e-business)?E-mail conversations, information and entertainment services, and cyberspace communities.7. How do cyberspace communities evolve? Give examples to illustrate your point.People of similar interests and tastes form a community. For example, communities on CompuServe tend to be professional; those on America Online are affluent young singles, and so on.8. What is unique about cyberspace rules? What authority do they have that rules in terrestrial environments don’t have?It allows communities of any size and kind to flourish. Cyberspace rules have moral authority that terrestrial governments don’t have.9. In what spirit are new communities formed?Communities cater to their own members’ inclination..10. What kind of government do explorers in cyberspace need?Their own local government besides terrestrial government does explorers.11. What should be done to deal with questionable items in cyberspace? Are people already doing that?We should be banning them and using labels and automatic filters to get rid of them. Yes.12. Is cyberspace a perfect place? If not, why are people so excited about it?No, it is not. People are excited about it because it offers a lot of information and freedom.B. Global understanding and appreciation of the text.1. Analogy (比喻，类推) is a figure of speech (修辞手段) which draws a parallel between two different types of things, and uses on (usually familiar to the reader) to explain reader’s understanding of the writer’s point. Can you draw a parallel between real estate and cyberspace? What point does the analogy support?The analogy between real estate and cyberspace2. By dividing cyberspace into three parts and using similes(明喻), the author defines the nature of cyberspace and illustrates further her point that government regulation is not needed in cyberspace. Complete the following form to show that you understand the author’s point. Please be reminded that the underlying structure of a simile is “A is like B”.3. In what way do the rules of a terrestrial government and those of a cyberspace community differ? Refer to para. 11 to answer the question.4. What is the language style of the article? Is it formal and literary or informal and conversational? Cite examples from the text to support your answer.This article is written in an informal and conversational style. For example, the author uses some slangy words, incomplete sentences, contractions, and addresses the reader as “you”.II. VocabularyA. Find a word or phrase from the paragraph indicated in the bracket that means the same as:1. in the past —→ formerly2. include —→ embrace3. man-made —→ artificial4. control systematically —→ regulate5. exactly —→ precisely6. undesired —→ unwanted7. irrelevant —→ extraneous8. having intense feeling —→ passionate9. aim toward —→ be targeted to10. not far away —→ at hand11. be charged for —→ be sued forB. Choose the best word to complete each of the following sentences,1. this book ____a___ all the information you need.a. containsb. embracesc. offersd. involves2. The government _____c____ the number of foreign cars that could be imported.a. refrainsb. restrainsc. restrictsd. prevents3. As a teacher you should not show _____b___ towards any of your students.a. pleasureb. favorc. preferenced. inclination4. Traffic is _____d___ by police at every intersection.a. enforcedb. imposedc. limitedd. regulated5. How much do you ____b___ for this pair of shoes?a. billb. chargec. costd. afford6. We can ______b____ now and return to work in the morning.a. leave outb. leave offc. sign awayd. sign off7. That matter can be left ___b___ until our next meeting.a. onb. overc. aloned. about8. I learned that he was _____a____ sick leave from a government office.a. onb. inc. takend. spending9. It was one of the most beautiful sights that I had ever set eyes ____c_____.a. tob. inc. ond. down10. Each week he tried to set _____d____ a few dollars of his salary.a. forthb. aboutc. apartd. asideIII. ClozeChoose a proper word from the list to fill in each blank in the following passage. Change the form of the word if necessary:Born to SurfThe web From the Window contains poetry and literature from well-known writers across the global. There are thoughtful articles analyzing the state of the world we live in. There is (1)even a piece from the Secretary General of the United States, Kofi Annan. It may come (2)as some surprise to find out (3)that the editor of the magazine is a 12-year-old girl, Joy Nightingale. From the Window (4)won Joy Nightingale the first prize in the 1999 childnet Inter-national and Cable and Wireless awards. These are given (5)annually for the best use of the Internet (6)by and for young people. And (7)they highlight one of the most welcoming aspects of the (8)virtual world. Children have taken to the Internet as though they are born surfing.Perhaps this is (9)because adults have had to change their understanding of technology while children (10)simply accept it as natural. Whatever the reason, children can be found building websites and E-mailing friends (11)across the world while adults are (12)still asking: “Tell me again —where (13)exactly is cyberspace?”Of course there is growing (14)concern about the fact that children can travel far away from parental supervision in cyberspace. In (15)response , many parents have installed soft-ware packages which prevent (16)access to violent or pornographic websites. Childnet is taking a more positive line. The website is a gateway (17)to a world of education and entertainment.The rapid growth in Internet culture has (18)led analysts to speculate that society will soon be divided (19)between the “information rich”and “information poor”. For Childnet it is especially important that children at the margins of society through poverty or disability have the chance to take their (20)palce as equal citizens in the virtual world.IV. TranslationTranslate the following into Chinese:The possibility of a real market-style evolution of governance is at hand. In cyberspace, we’ll be able to test and evolve rules governing what needs to be governed — intellectual property, content and access control, rules about privacy and free speech. Some communities will allow anyone in: others will restrict access to members who qualify on one basis or another. Those communities that prove self-sustaining will prosper (and perhaps grow and split into subsets with ever-more-particular interests and identities). Those that can’t survive-either because people lose interest or get scared off-willsimply wither away.一种真正的市场型管理模式很快成为可能。
美国大学审计学Auditing and Assurance Services习题解
Nonaudit services that are not prohibited by the Sarbanes–Oxley Act and the SEC rules must be pre-approved by the company’s audit committee. In addition, an accountant is not independent of an audit client if an audit partner received compensation based on selling engagements to that client for services other than audit, review and attest services. Companies are required to disclose in their proxy statement or annual filings with the SEC the total amount of audit and nonaudit fees paid to the audit firm for the two most recent years. Four categories of fees are to be reported: (1) audit fees; (2) audit-related fees; (3) tax fees; and (4) all other fees. Companies are also required to provide further breakdown of the “other fees” category, and provide qualitative information on the nature of the services provided. 4-8 The rules concerning stock ownership by partners and professional staff: A partner in the office of the partner responsible for an audit engagement cannot own stock in that audit client. A partner can own stock in an audit client, as long as (1) he or she cannot influence the audit engagement and (2) he or she is not in the same office as the partner responsible for the audit engagement. A professional staff member cannot own stock in an audit client if he or she is assigned to the engagement or if he or she becomes a partner in the office of the partner responsible for the audit engagement. A professional staff member can own stock in a firm’s audit client as long as he or she does not participate in the audit engagement. Partner violation: A partner in the San Francisco office owns one share of stock of a client whose audit is conducted by a different partner in the San Francisco office. Professional staff violation: An audit manager owns stock in a client whose audit is performed by the office where the audit manager works. The manager is promoted to partner mid-year. As soon as the manager becomes a partner, there is a violation of Rule 101. 4-9 Ways to reduce the appearance of the lack of independence are: the use of an audit committee to select auditors made up of directors who are not a part of management; a requirement that all changes of auditors and reasons therefore be reported to the SEC or other regulatory agency; and approval of the CPA firm by stockholders at the annual meeting. The Sarbanes–Oxley act requires that the audit committee of a public company consist only of independent members and be responsible for the appointment, termination, and compensation of the audit firm. 4-3
新概念英语第一册习题附答案解析
新概念英语第一册习题Lesson 1A About youCopy this dialogue. Add your own name at the end. 抄写这段对话，. 在结尾处加上你的名字。
Sue: Excuse me. ______John: Yes ______Sue: What's your name ______John: Pardon ______。
Sue: What's your name ______John: My name is John. ______Sue: What's your name ______You: My name is...... ______B VocabularyWrite the correct words in the questions．. 用正确的词完成以下问句。
book car coat dress house√.pen pencil shirt wathc—1 Is this your h______ 6 Is this your c______2 Is this your w______ 7 Is this your c______3 Is this your sh ______ 8 Is this your d______4 Is this your b______ 9 Is this your p______5 Is this your p______ 10 Is this your s ______C NumbersWrite the numbers in figures．. 用阿拉伯数字表示以下数词。
three 3 ten______ one______ four______ six______ five______ 【eight_________ seven______ two______nine______Lesson 1B2 watch3 shirt4 book5 pen6 coat7 car8 dress9 pencil 10 skirt C10，1，4，6，5，8，7，2，9新概念英语第一册习题Lesson 2Lesson 2 Is this your.... 这是你的....吗}A StructureWrite questions with the words．用所给的词写出问句。
初中英语语法练习题系列(附详细答案解析)---名词
初中英语语法练习题系列(附详细答案解析)---名词类型一、词义辨析【例1】–How can I get some ______ about the 2016 Olympic Games? --Why not search the Internet?A. informationB. experienceC. practiceD. success【答案】A【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析。
【点睛】该题型是属于英语考试的基础题型，是必考内容。
英语单词同汉语一样具有一词多义，一词多性的特点。
解答此类问题首先要理解每个选项的基本含义，并注意交叉含义间的区别，了解其特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
【举一反三】1 . -Excuse me, what's the ______ of the apples?- It's 10 yuan a ki1o.A. priceB. sizeC. weight【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：――劳驾，苹果的价格是多少？――每千克10元。
A.price价格；B.size尺寸；C.weight 重量。
根据回答：It's 10 yuan a ki1o.（每千克10元钱）可以推测出本题是问的价格，故选A。
（需要注意的是英语和汉语的不同，汉语里问价格是多少，英语用what问价格是什么。
）【考点定位】考查名词辨析。
2. Jeff will come to understand you one day. It’s a matter of ____ .A. pleasureB. valueC. time【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：杰夫有一天会来了解你，只是一个时间问题。
A. pleasure高兴，快乐；B. value价值；C. time 时间。
a matter of…：……的问题。
根据句意，总有一天会来了解你，只是一个时间问题。
a matter of time：时间问题。
通信网络习题库(含参考答案)
通信网络习题库（含参考答案）一、单选题（共53题，每题1分，共53分）1.会话的MT过程中，S-CSCF会把被叫的（）转化成（）A、SIP号码，IP地址B、SIP号码，TEL号码C、IP地址，SIP号码D、TEL号码，SIP号码正确答案：A2.在BGP选路规则中，对Origin树形的优先级判断原则是（）A、EGP>Incomplete>IGPB、IGP> Incomplete >EGPC、Incomplete >EGP>IGP AnswerD、IGP>EGP> Incomplete正确答案：D3.IP地址通常分为A、B、C三类在一个C类地址中，最多可以分出（）个子网A、128B、126C、62D、64正确答案：D4.EMS通过厂站远动终端设备或测控装置采集的数据反映了电网的稳态潮流情况，其实时性为（）A、分钟级B、小时级C、秒级D、毫秒级正确答案：C5.系统频率降低时，可以通过（）的办法使频率上升A、增加发电机有功出力，减少用电负荷B、投入大电流联切装置C、减少发电机有功出力D、增加发电机的励磁，降低功率因数正确答案：A6.CDMA空中接口系统负荷对容量和覆盖的同时都有影响，当负荷越大（）A、容量越大，覆盖越大B、容量越小，覆盖越大C、容量越大，覆盖越小D、容量越小，覆盖越小正确答案：C7.OTN系统中，OTU1的帧结构大小为4*4080字节，那么OTU2的帧结构大小为（）A、8*4080B、4*4080C、16*4080D、32*4080正确答案：B8.IMS的概念是是从（）中引入的A、CS网络B、NGNC、CDMA2000D、PS网络正确答案：D9.掺铒光纤的激光特性（）A、主要由入射光的工作波长决定B、主要由掺铒元素决定C、主要由泵浦光源决定D、主要由起主介质作用的石英光纤决定正确答案：B10.OSPF的认证方式不包括下列选项中的（）A、不认证B、简单口令认证C、MD5认证D、明文认证正确答案：D11.按照防火墙工作原理可以将防火墙可划分为（）A、独立式防火墙和集成式防火墙B、软件防火墙和硬件防火墙C、边界防火墙和个人防火墙D、包过滤防火墙、代理型防火墙和状态检测型防火墙正确答案：D12.TMS系统中一级网检修计划发起时间为（）A、人工在每月一日触发B、人工在每月第一个工作日触发C、系统自动在每月一日零时触发D、系统自动在每月第一个工作日零时触发正确答案：C13.TMS系统中机房编号以（）开头A、R001B、A01C、H01D、H001正确答案：C14.当不同路由协议RIP、OSPF、BGP等各自得到了一条到达目标网络，（）作为最优路由的选择原则A、管理距离越大，路由越优先B、管理距离越小，路由越优先C、度量值越大，路由越优先D、度量值越小，路由越优先正确答案：B15.L3MPLS-VPN网络中，P设备必须要维护的信息有（）A、私网路由B、vpn-instanceC、公网路由D、私网LSP正确答案：C16.ADSL的不对称性是指（）A、上下行线路长度不同B、上下行线路粗细不同C、上下行速率不同D、上下行信号电压不同正确答案：C17.MPLS-VPN网络中，作为P设备，那么一定需要支持的功能是（）A、M-BGPB、LDPC、OSPFD、BGPv4正确答案：B18.高压输电线路的故障绝大部分是（）A、单相接地短路B、两相接地短路C、两相相间短路D、三相短路正确答案：A19.公司有用户反映在使用网络传输文件时，速度非常低，管理员在网络中使用Wireshark软件抓包发现了一些重复的帧，下面关于可能的原因或解决方案描述正确的是（）A、交换机在MAC地址表中查不到数据帧的目的MAC地址时，会泛洪该数据帧B、公司网络的交换设备必须进行升级改造C、网络在二层存在环路D、网络中没有配置VLAN正确答案：C20.通信专用蓄电池单体电压等级应是（）A、48VB、24VC、12VD、2V正确答案：D21.TMS系统告警操作台中，点击标题栏中的红色手型按钮可以进行的操作是（）A、归并B、批量定性C、批量确认D、查看地市告警正确答案：C22.两个UE之间为了建立、更改、释放媒体所需要建立的信令关系称为（）A、对话B、会话C、事务D、信令连接正确答案：A23.以下协议中支持可变长子网掩码（VLSM）和路由汇聚功能（RouteSummarization）的是（）A、IGRPB、RIPv1C、OSPFD、VTP正确答案：C24.在光路资源信息管理中，下列（）资源与光路数据一一对应A、业务B、光缆C、传输段D、SDH网元正确答案：C25.本端产生支路输入信号丢失，对端相应支路收到（）告警A、AISB、LOSC、LOFD、LOP正确答案：A26.光纤纤芯折射率为1.5，用OTDR定时装置测得信号从A点到B点往返的时间为15μs，那么（）B两点间的光纤长度为（）mA、1500B、3000C、6000D、4500正确答案：A27.两个主机之间要进行UDP协议通信，首先要进行（）次握手B、1C、2D、3正确答案：A28.哪一种简单协议交换数据使不需要进行确认和保证数据到达（）A、TCPB、ASPC、TCP/IPD、UDP正确答案：D29.电网运行的客观规律包括（）A、异步性、变化性、电网事故发生突然性B、变化性、快速性、电网事故发生突然性C、同时性、平衡性、电网事故发生突然性D、瞬时性、快速性、电网事故发生突然性正确答案：C30.STP的主要目的是（）A、防止“广播风暴”B、防止网络中出现信息回路造成网络瘫痪C、使网桥具备网络层功能D、防止信息丢失正确答案：B31.某AR2200路由器通过OSPF和RIPv2同时学习到了到达同一网络的路由条目，通过OSPF学习到的路由的开销值是4882，通过RIPv2学习到的路由的跳数是4，则该路由器的路由表中将有（）A、RIPv2路由B、OSPF和RIPv2C、OSPF 路由D、两者都不存在正确答案：C32.TMS系统，月累计告警处理率，持续时间小于（）分钟的未处理根告警不纳入统计A、60C、10D、15正确答案：D33.在ＩＳＯ定义的七层参考模型中，对数据链路层的描述正确的是（）A、提供应用软件的接口提供端到端数据传输的链路建立机制B、检查网络拓扑结构，进行路由选择和报文转发C、实现数据传输所需要的机械、接口、电气等属性D、实施流量监控，错误检测，链路管理，物理寻址正确答案：D34.C/S结构的LAN中，数据传输的瓶颈在（）A、交换机与服务器连接的端口B、交换机与客户机连接的端口C、客户机与交换机连接的网线D、客户机与交换机连接的网卡正确答案：A35.RIP协议的路由项在（）时间内没有更新会变为不可达A、180sB、90sC、240sD、120s正确答案：A36.在目前最常用的G.652光纤中，波长为（）的光具有最小损耗A、1550nmB、850nmC、1720nmD、1310nm正确答案：A37.电感在直流电路中相当于（）A、不存在B、开路C、断路D、短路正确答案：D38.TD-LTE为（）系统A、TDMA/ TDDB、CDMA/TDDC、OFDM/FDDD、OFDM/TDD正确答案：D39.TMS系统资源管理模块中通信机柜的类型通常不包括（）A、综合配线架B、ODF配线架C、RDF配线架D、VDF配线架正确答案：C40.EIRP是下列（）端口的发射功率A、机顶B、RRU口C、馈线D、天线正确答案：D41.光缆和ODF进行连接时，连接芯数取决于（）A、现场已被占用，完成光连接的芯数B、现场ODF带有光纤连接器的多少C、核实台账资料，实际光缆与ODF相连的芯数D、以上都不对正确答案：C42.STM-N帧结构中，B2字节的个数是（）A、1B、NC、3ND、以上都不对正确答案：C43.在广播类型网络中，DIS默认发送hello时间间隔为多少（）A、5sB、10sC、3.3sD、40s正确答案：C44.下列不属于通信统计指标的是（）A、月度检修归档率B、通信检修申请票正确率C、月度计划检修完成率D、月度临时检修率正确答案：A45.IEE802.3ae10Gb/s以太网标准支持的工作模式是（）A、单工B、全双工C、半双工D、全双工和半双工正确答案：B46.TD-LTE制式属于第（）代移动通信技术A、1B、2C、3D、4正确答案：D47.在网络协议中，规定通信双方数据与控制信息的结构和格式的这部分是（）A、规则部分B、规约部分C、语法部分D、语义部分正确答案：C48.TMS中告警操作台中对告警的统计格式为下面那种（）A、已确认/未确认B、未确认/已确认C、已确认/总数D、未确认/总数正确答案：C49.不属于光纤衰减损耗的是（）A、弯曲损耗B、散射损耗C、吸收损耗D、固有损耗正确答案：A50.单向通道保护环的触发条件是（）告警A、MS-AISB、MS-RDIC、LOSD、TU-AIS正确答案：D51.目前，波分系统中信道波长是等间隔的，即（）A、k*0.4nmB、k*0.2nmC、k*1nmD、k*0.8nm正确答案：D52.造成光纤中传输的光波信号出现畸变的重要原因是（）A、光纤色散B、材料色散C、波导色散D、零色散波长正确答案：A53.再生段开销RSOH由（）接入A、自己生成B、终端设备TMC、再生器REGD、再生器REG或终端设备TM正确答案：D二、多选题（共25题，每题1分，共25分）1.关于BGP/MPLSVPN第二种跨域方式（optionb,ASBRtoASBR)的说法正确是（）A、ASBR之间建立MP-EBGP邻居关系B、ASBR之间建立MP-IBGP邻居关系C、私网数据在AS之间转发时不带标签D、私网数据在AS之间转发时带有标签正确答案：AD2.光同步传送网的主要传输损伤有（）A、延时B、误码C、漂移D、抖动正确答案：ABCD3.通信用阀控式铅酸蓄电池主要由（）等组成A、电解液（硫酸）B、二氧化铅（正极）C、安全阀及外壳D、铅（负极）正确答案：ABCD4.TD-SCDMA具有”3S”特点（）A、智能天线（smart antenna）B、同步CDMA（synchronous cdma）C、软件无线电（software radio）D、软件无线电（software wireless）正确答案：ABC5.以太网交换机端口的通信方式可以被设置为（）A、自动协商B、全双工C、Trunk模式D、半双工正确答案：ABD6.下面的器件既可以作为合波器又可以作为分波器的是（）A、AWGB、TFF介质膜C、耦合器D、衍射光栅正确答案：ABD7.下列属于OTN线性保护技术的是（）A、光线路保护B、板内侧1+1保护C、SW SNCP保护D、ODUk SNCP保护正确答案：ABCD8.SIP消息分两种（）A、请求消息B、反馈消息C、查询消息D、响应消息正确答案：AD9.同步状态字节S1可以携带（）A、网元IDB、时钟IDC、时钟质量D、线路信号频偏正确答案：BC10.1号信令是一种随路信令，它包括（）A、用户信令B、线路信令C、管理信令D、记发器信令正确答案：BD11.通信值班工作台运行记录中不能启动哪些工单（）A、工作通知单B、业务方式单C、缺陷单D、检修单正确答案：AB12.关于STP下列描述正确的是（）A、一个非根桥上可能存在多个根端口和一个指定端口B、根桥上不存在根端口C、根桥上不存在指定端口D、一个非根桥上可能存在一个根端口和多个指定端口正确答案：BD13.TMS系统中，有关月度检修计划，以下说法错误的是( )A、计划检修只需要更改检修状态，不需要关联月度计划检修B、目前月检修计划分为一二级网、三四级网两种C、当月的月度检修计划必须当月填报D、月度检修计划由各单位自行发起填报正确答案：ACD14.四纤双向复用段保护环与二纤双向复用段共享保护环相比，其特点是：（）A、业务量加倍B、保护倒换时间快。
计算机网络练习题全解
计算机网络练习题第一章概述1.物理层考虑的是在物理介质上传输__D__。
A. 程序 B、会话 C、协议D、比特2.数据从N层移到较高的N+1层时，其首部被___B_。
A、加上B、抽走C、重新安排D、修改3.数据从设备X传输到设备Y时，在X的第5层加上的首部在Y的__C__层被读出。
A、物理B、传输C、会话D、表示4.当网络A上的一个主机向网络B上的一个主机发送报文时，路由器要检查___B_地址。
A、端口B、IPC、物理D、上述都不是5.要将报文交付到主机上的正确的应用程序，必须使用___A_地址。
A、端口B、IPC、物理D、上述都不是6.下面不属于网络拓扑结构的是（ D ）A.环形结构B.总线结构C.网状结构D.层次结构7.OSI标准中能表现端到端传输的是（ B ）A.数据链路层（点到点）B.传输层C.会话层D.应用层8.下列选题中，不属于网络体系结构中所描述的内容是（ C ）A.网络的层次划分B.每一层采用的协议C.协议的内部实现细节D.每一层必须实现的功能9.ISO层次体系中，实现同步进程间对话的是（ D ）A.传输层B.应用层C.表示层D.会话层10. TCP/IP参考模型的网络层提供的是（ A ）A.无连接不可靠的数据报服务B.无连接可靠的数据报服务C.有连接不可靠的虚电路服务D.有连接可靠的虚电路服务11.以下关于星型网络拓扑结构的描述正确的是___AB___。
（选择一项或多项）A. 星型拓扑易于维护B. 在星型拓扑中，某条线路的故障不影响其它线路下的计算机通信C. 星型拓扑具有很高的健壮性，不存在单点故障的问题D. 由于星型拓扑结构的网络是共享总线带宽，当网络负载过重时会导致性能下降12、以下关于电路交换和分组交换的描述正确的是__AC____。
（选择一项或多项）A. 电路交换延迟小，传输实时性强B. 电路交换网络资源利用率高C. 分组交换延迟大，传输实时性差D. 分组交换网络资源利用率低13. 网络的延迟（delay）定义了网络把数据从一个网络节点传送到另一个网络节点所需要的时间。
工程材料学习题(answer)
绪论、第一章一．填空题1.纳米材料是指尺寸在0.1-100nm 之间的超细微粒，与传统固体材料具有一些特殊的效应，例如表面与界面效应、尺寸效应和量子尺寸效应。
（体积效应、宏观量子隧道效应）2.固体物质按其原子(离子、分子)聚集的组态来讲，可以分为晶体和非晶体两大类。
3.工程材料上常用的硬度表示有布氏硬度（HB）、洛氏硬度（HR）、维氏硬度（HV）、肖氏硬度（HS）以及显微硬度等。
4.在工程材料上按照材料的化学成分、结合键的特点将工程材料分为金属材料、高分子材料、陶瓷材料以及复合材料等几大类。
5.结合键是指在晶体中使原子稳定结合在一起的力及其结合方式 .6.材料的性能主要包括力学性能、物理化学性能和工艺性能三个方面。
7.金属晶体比离子晶体具有较强的导电能力。
8.低碳钢拉伸试验的过程可以分为弹性变形、弹塑性变形和断裂三个阶段。
9.金属塑性的指标主要有伸长率和断面收缩率两种。
二．选择题1.金属键的特点是 B：A．具有饱和性 B. 没有饱和性 C. 具有各向异性 D. 具有方向性2.共价晶体具有 A ：A. 高强度B. 低熔点C. 不稳定结构D. 高导电性3.决定晶体结构和性能最本质的因素是 A ：A. 原子间的结合力B. 原子间的距离C. 原子的大小D. 原子的电负性4.在原子的聚合体中，若原子间距为平衡距离时，作规则排列，并处于稳定状态，则其对应的能量分布为：BA. 最高B. 最低C. 居中D. 不确定5.稀土金属属于 B ：A. 黑色金属B. 有色金属C. 易熔金属D. 难熔金属6.洛氏硬度的符号是 B ：A．HB B. HR C. HV D.HS7. 表示金属材料屈服强度的符号是 B 。
A. σeB. σsC. σB.D. σ-18.下列不属于材料的物理性能的是 D ：A. 热膨胀性B. 电性能C. 磁性能D. 抗氧化性三．判断题1. 物质的状态反映了原子或分子之间的相互作用和他们的热运动。
√2. 用布氏硬度测量硬度时，压头为钢球，用符号HBS表示。
(完整版)操作系统概念第七版习题答案(中文版)完整版
1.1 在多道程序和分时环境中，多个用户同时共享一个系统，这种情况导致多种安全问题。
a. 列出此类的问题 b.在一个分时机器中，能否确保像在专用机器上一样的安全度？并解释之。
Answer:a.窃取或者复制某用户的程序或数据；没有合理的预算来使用资源（CPU，内存，磁盘空间，外围设备）ｂ．应该不行，因为人类设计的任何保护机制都会不可避免的被另外的人所破译，而且很自信的认为程序本身的实现是正确的是一件困难的事。
1.2 资源的利用问题在各种各样的操作系统中出现。
试例举在下列的环境中哪种资源必须被严格的管理。
（ａ）大型电脑或迷你电脑系统（ｂ）与服务器相联的工作站（ｃ）手持电脑Answer: （ａ）大型电脑或迷你电脑系统：内存和CPU 资源，外存，网络带宽（ｂ）与服务器相联的工作站：内存和CPU 资源（ｃ）手持电脑：功率消耗，内存资源1.3 在什么情况下一个用户使用一个分时系统比使用一台个人计算机或单用户工作站更好？Answer:当另外使用分时系统的用户较少时，任务十分巨大，硬件速度很快，分时系统有意义。
充分利用该系统可以对用户的问题产生影响。
比起个人电脑，问题可以被更快的解决。
还有一种可能发生的情况是在同一时间有许多另外的用户在同一时间使用资源。
当作业足够小，且能在个人计算机上合理的运行时，以及当个人计算机的性能能够充分的运行程序来达到用户的满意时，个人计算机是最好的，。
1.4 在下面举出的三个功能中，哪个功能在下列两种环境下，(a)手持装置(b)实时系统需要操作系统的支持？(a)批处理程序(b)虚拟存储器(c)分时Answer:对于实时系统来说，操作系统需要以一种公平的方式支持虚拟存储器和分时系统。
对于手持系统，操作系统需要提供虚拟存储器，但是不需要提供分时系统。
批处理程序在两种环境中都是非必需的。
1.5 描述对称多处理（ＳＭＰ）和非对称多处理之间的区别。
多处理系统的三个优点和一个缺点？Answer:ＳＭＰ意味着所以处理器都对等，而且I/O 可以在任何处理器上运行。
新视野大学英语I课后习题答案6
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3. She knows it will be hard to leave her boyfriend ___ because she has been with him many years. behind about 4. It’s no use raging __the unpleasant situation you are in. perhaps trying to do something to change it may do you less harm. 5. __the sound of the car, the boy rushed out of the house to meet his father, who had promised to buy him a bike as a birthday gift. At 上一页 下一页
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1. I asked quite a few waiters, who said
nothing but smiled at me, before the
message registered that my English was not good enough. 我问过好几个服务员，可他们什么也没说， 只朝着我笑，直到这时我才意识到我的英 语不够好。
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4. If you want to graduate with a degree,
you should stay away either from
online games or from part-time work.
自考高级英语课后习题及答案-上下全
Lesson one Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?ExercisesA.Answer the following questions on the text:1.what is the function of the two quotations ? Are they appropriate ?2.What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginning of the article?3.According to Irving Horowitz , what is the sociological significance of rock music ?4.In what sense did Elvis Presley prove what Horowitz and Rundgren believed ?5.How did Bob Dylan , the Beatles , and the Rolling Stones differ from each other politically ?6.What other major subjects did rock music deal with apart from politics ?7.What rewards did rock superstars get ?8.Has the author given a complete answer to question he raises in the title? Why do you think the author ends the article the way he does ?Key A1.The author uses the two quotations to introduce his ideas . Yes , they are .2.The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstars very much , but the adults find they are sick , The examples show that young people and adults have a totally different attitudes towards rock music .3.Rock music can express its times . He sees it as a debating forum where American society struggles to define and redefine its feeling and beliefs .4.When he appeared on the Ed . Sullivan Sunday night variety show , a debate took place . The old people frowned while the young viewers applauded.5.Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety . The Rolling Stones demanded revolution .6.Apart from politics , the rock music dealt with feelings and emotions.7.The rock superstars got applause , praise and money .8.No , he hasn’t . He want s to leave the question to the re aders and let them think .B Translate the following into Chinese :1.“Jagger,” he said , “grabs a half –gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners .2.How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?3.Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ?4.Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking –in other words , where you and your society are .5.It’s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the1950s .6.Feelings always a part of any musical statement were a major subject .7.This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to “get away from it all , “ to “go back to the old days .”8.In one 1972 national opinion poll , more than 10 percent of the high school boys and 20 percent of the girls said their hero was a rock superstar.KeyBKeyB1他描述道:”贾格尔拿着半加仑水, 顺着舞台前沿,边跑边把水洒向前排汗流浃背的歌迷身上.”2. 你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜?3. 还是由于他把你狂热的幻想用行动表现出来,你神不知鬼不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑所吸引?4. 一些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答,很能说明你在想什么,社会在想什么..换句话说, 可以说明你和社会的态度.5. 只不过艾尔维斯的演唱表现了50年代青少年那种沮丧的精神状态.6. 感情总是任何音乐表达的必要成分,也是一个重要议题.7. 霍罗威茨认为这种结合表达了听众欲”摆脱现实一切”/”重归昔日”的强烈愿望.9.在1972年的一次全国民意测验中, 10%以上的高中男生,20%的女生表示他们心目中的英雄是超摇滚歌星.C.Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below,changing its form when necessary :Sprinkle swelter in other words lazy rather than reject act out idle worship reverence drive embody9.His paintings embody the spirit of the modern era .10.How do you act out your frustrations , by throwing glasses or something ?11.The peddler sprinkled some water over his vegetables to make them fresher and heavier.12.In such heated air ,the sweltering students could hardly keep their minds on their lessons .13.That’s idle gossip . Don’t listen to it .14.She sent in her application for the job , but was rejected as unqualified .15.The salesman considered it safe to go along with the boss rather than to contradict him .8. Everybody should have a sincere reverence /worship for the laws of his country .D.Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences :1.The whole nation watched the two candidates (arguing , debating ) the issue of raising taxes on TV .2.It was a (proud , arrogant ) moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the President .3.Even if you (mix , blend ) oil and water , they will not (mix , blend ).4.Some people watch television so much that they cannot (conceive , imagine ) of living without it .5.As it was an informal dinner , most people (wore ,were dressed ) in their comfortable clothes .6.Do you think those young people are (idealistic ,ideal ) or pragmatic ?7.Filled with great (adulation , admiration ) for their integrity and courage , he was determined to be a man like them .8.Deep at night , they could still hear gun-fire (rambling , rumbling ) in the distance .E.Explain the underlined words in English :1.“They think he is sick , sick , sick , “ Mike said .2.Newspaper editorialized against him .3.He poke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation .4.The Beatles … urged peace and piety …5.His most notable songs …while the lyrics celebrate the simple joy …6.… these rock musicians mirror feelings and benefits ….7.Horowitz sees the rock music arena as …a place where ideas clash and crash .8.What does he ---or any other current rock success ---tell us about his fans ?Key E1.disgusting2.Editors ‘ articles attacked and criticized him3.the confusions of the old people4.had a strong desire for peace and piety5.The words of the song praise the natural happiness of the old days .6.reflect emotions and outlooks7.a place where ideas come into opposition and contradict to each other8.other successful rock stars at presentF . Translate the following into English :摇滚乐于20世纪50年代末举起于美国. 它不仅是一种新型的音乐形式,更是美国的青年人表达他们对世界和人生看法的论坛. 在这个论坛上, 歌星们唱出了青年人对民权/战争与和平的态度, 唱出了他们对社会的不满,也唱出了爱与恨之间的各种情感. 总之, 在这个论坛上, 青年人把他们对美国社会的信仰及情感给以全新的解释. 早期的摇滚乐的主要代表人物有艾尔维斯.普雷斯利,歌星加诗人鲍勃.狄伦/甲壳虫乐队以及滚石乐队等等.他们都是青年人崇拜的文化英雄.Key FRock music began in America in the late 1950’s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life . In this forum , the stars sang out the attitudes of the youth towards civil rights , war and peace ,the disaffection of their society , and a range of emotions between love and hate . Allin all , in this forum , the American youth redefined the beliefs and feelings of their society . The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis Presley , singer and poet Bob Dylan , the Bealtles , the rolling Stones and so on . They were the culture heroes whom the young people worshipped .G. Write a short passage of 150—200words in English on the topic “Do you Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ?:”You should cover the following points :1A general statement of your position ;2Two or three arguments with a supporting example for each .Key GDo You Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ?Rock music began in America in the late 1950’s . It was not on ly a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life .Music expressed its times . Rock music was a sociological expression rather than a musical force . It embodied the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s. At that time young people might be dissatisfied with the society or they had some hatred toward the adult world , but they could not protest it openly . So they would use music as an outlet . Then they could get some balance in their minds .Another aspect is that the young people could make their ideas and beliefs known to the world through music . By music , they could show their felling and dreams . So all in all , young people combined invention and exaggeration ,reason and motion , word and sound , music and politics as a whole .Lesson Two Four Choices for Young PeopleA.Answer the following questions on the text :1.How do American young people look at the adult world in general ?2.What does “drop out “ mean ? Why does the author say that the dropouts lead a parasitic way of life ?3.In What way are those who flee different from the dropouts ?4.Why is this solution no longer practical on a large scale ?5.What kind of young people tend to follow the strategy of armed revolution ?6.Why does the author say that the most unfortunate are those whose revolutions have succeeded ?7.What are some of the new problems faced by the young people ?8.What is the fourth alternative ? Why does the author favor this alternative ?Key A1.They view the adult world with great skeptism .They think their world is in pretty much of a mess , full of injustice ,poverty and war .2.“Drop out “means its practioners escape the traditional way of life , refuse to take any responsibility and live a parasitic life . Because its practioners batten on the society which they scorn and in which they refuse to take any responsibility .3.Those who flee are not parasites.They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the general community .4.Because our planet is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes , except for the polar regions , the frontiers are gone .5.The young people who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democratic process or who believe that basic institutions can only be changed by force tend to follow this strategy .6.Because they live in bitter disillusionment to see the establishment they have overthrown replaced by a new one , just as hard –faced and stuffy .7.The unprecedent problems of an affluent society , of racial justice , of keeping our cities from becoming uninhabitable, of coping with war in unfamiliar guises , and of population explosion .8.The fourth alternative is to try to change the world gradually .Because it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available strategy ..B. Translate the following into Chinese :1.Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries .2.During the last few years , I have listened to scores of young people ,in college and out , who were just as nervous about the grown –up world .3.They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the general community , but they simply don’t like the environment of civilization ;that is ,the city , with all its ugliness and tension .4.A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life .5.To them it offers a romantic appeal ,usually symbolized by some dashing and charismatic figure.6.For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of , cleansed of all human meanness .7.The revolutionary state , under whatever political label , has to be run –not by violent romantics –but by experts in marketing , sanitary engineering , and the management of bureaucracies.8.About all that can be said for it is that it sometimes works – that in this particular time and place it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available strategy .Key B1.很显然他所说的代表了许多同龄人的想法.2.在过去的几年中, 我听到过许多大学内外的年轻人的谈话, 对于成人世界,他们也有同感.3.他们愿意自食其力,并对社会大众做些贡献.他们不喜欢文明的环境,也就是说, 不喜欢那种丑恶/紧张的城市生活.4.一些极富有的乡绅可以回到农村的田园生活.5.对他们来说,这有一种浪漫/传奇的色彩,通常是以某个有闯劲/魅力超凡的人物为代表的.6.即使革命成功,胜利的曙光也不会照在光灿灿的/梦想的/消除了人类一切自私的新世界上.7.革命的机器,无论贴上什么样的政治标签,还得由市场销售/卫生工程/官僚机构的行家们来操作,而不是由那些极端的浪漫主义者们去操作.8.这种方法的惟一优点是, 它有时真的有效,--在一个特定的时间和地点, 与其它可选的方法相比,它可以更好地改善世界上的倒行逆施行为.C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below , changing its form when necessary :Strike run out of cleanse disappoint insoluble unprecedent satisfy virtual contribute available symbolize vehement1.For many Americans , it is their lifelong dream to buy a satisfying /satisfactory two-storied house with a garden .2. To make Beijing our worthy capital , we must get it cleansed of polluted air , among other things .3.In a lot of cultures , red roses are used to symbolize love .4.Unfortunately , their car ran out of fuel , just ten miles short of Chicago .5. An unprecedented event in history took place in 1969 , when two American astronauts landed for the first time on the Moon .6. The detective finally gave up , declaring the mystery insoluble .7. Though high-sounding , his speech struck everyone at the meeting as totally irrelevant to what was discussed .9.If you travel by plane , Beijing and Guangzhou are virtually neighboring cities .D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences :1.The professor looked over our papers with a hasty (sight , glance ).2.Before ordering their dinner , they considered the (relevant , relative ) merits of chicken and roast beef .3.The little boy’s constant noise (exhilarated , exasperated ) his father , who was busy writing a paper for a symposium .4.Isn’t it (wholesome, noisome )to live in a city with so many vehicles passing day and night ?5.He was born in a small town (lived , inhabited ) by about 500 people .6.Her desk was all (jumbled , cluttered ) with old papers , strings , and other odds and ends .7.He thinks they are extremely (idealistic , ideal ) , for all their pragmatism .8.She made one last (attraction , appeal ) to her father for permission to go to the party .E. Explain the underlined words in English :1….who were just as nervous about the grown-up world .2.Unlike the dropouts , they are not parasites .3.This strategy also has ancient antecedents .4.…that is , the city , with all its ugliness and tension .5.For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ….6.At first glance , this course is far from inviting .7.…it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available strategy .8.…another one looms just ahead .Key E1.They are doubtful and critical about the way the older generation is running the world .2.They don’t batten on the society . They support themselves .3.This strategy is not new . We had similar ones in the old times .4.The city is ugly and full of pressures .5.Their success doesn’t bring about a new world .6.This strategy is not attractive .pared with other strategies , it can change the world for the better . It can stop some of the world ‘s violence or crulty .8.Another problem appears before them .F. Translate the following into English :60年代的美国青年是反叛的一代. 他们看到美国这个富裕社会充满了贫困/不平等和虚伪.他们不再相信这个不属于他们的成人社会, 拒绝信奉它的信仰和价值观. 很多青年人积极投入到反对贫困/反对种族歧视和反对越南战争的斗争中去,有些青年人甚至试图以武装革命的方式推翻这个社会. 还有很多青年人以消极的方式表示他们的不满. 他们吸毒,过着不承担任何社会责任的寄生生活,或者跑到未开垦的乡村去, 过着原始公社式的生活.Key FThe American young people in 1960’s were a generation of rebellion . They found that the affluent American society was filled with poverty , injustice and gypocrisy . They didn’t trust the adult world that didn’t belong to them and refuse d to take their beliefs and values . Many young people took active part in the struggle which protested against poverty , racial discrimination and Vietnam War . Some young people even tried to overthrow this world by armed revolution. Many other young took passive ways to show their disaffections . They took drugs , refused to take any responsibilities and lived a parasitic way of life . Or they escaped to the frontiers and lived a primitive way of life .G. Write a short passage of 150-200 words in Engli sh on the topic “My Comment on the Fourth Choice .”You should cover the following points :!.what the fourth choice is ;2.What you agree on with the author and reasons for your agreement ;3.What you disagree on with the author , if any , and your explanation .My Comment on the Fourth ChoiceThe fourth comment is to change the world gradually , one clod at a time . Maybe at the first glance it is not inviting . It lacks glamour . It has no quick result . Itdemands patience . It depends on the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion and democratic decision making .I think the author is right . Reforming the world is a little like fighting a military campaign in the Apennines , as soon as you capture one mountain range, another one looms just ahead . The problems are the same , too. Once some problems are brought under some kind of rough control , new problems take place . So we can’t solve all the problems at a time . We have to deal with one problem each time and change the world gradually and steadily . So problems can be handled in the same way that hard problems have been coped with before –piecemeal , pragmatically ,by the dogged efforts of many people . so I think in this particular time and place the fourth choice offers a better cha nce for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available starategy .Lesson Three The Use of ForceBy William Carlos WilliamsA.Answer the following questions on the text :1.why wasn’t the sick child in bed ?2.why were the girl’s parents eyeing the doctor up and down distrustfully ?3.What made the girl refuse to open her mouth to the doctor ?4.Why did the doctor insist on examining her throat ?5.Why was the doctor not able to see her throat since he already had the wooden tongue depressor into her mouth ?6.How did the doctor finally get see the girl’s throat ?7.Did the girl’s physical beauty have anything to do with the outcome of the incident ?Explain .8.Can you find any fault with the doctor’s behavior?Key A,1.Because it was damp there .2.Because they were the new patients to him and they were nervous .3.She didn’t want others to know that her tonsils were covered with membrane.4.Because the doctor took a trial shot that the girl might have diphtheria.5.Because she gripped the wooden blade between her molars and didn’t open her mouth to let the doctor have a look .6.The doctor overpowered the child’s neck and jaws , forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged .7.Yes , it did . Because she was very beautiful and didn’t want others to know her shortcomings . She thought tonsils covered with membrane were ugly .8.Yes . The doctor grasped the child’s head and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth . He had grown furious at the child . He could have torn the child apart and enjoyed it .B. Translate the following into Chinese :1.When I arrived I was met by the mother , a big startled looking woman , very clean and apologetic who merely said , Is this the doctor?And let me in .2.He tried to get up , but I motioned for him not to bother , took off my overcoat and started to look things over .3.As often , in such cases , they weren’t telling me more than they had to , it was up to me to tell them .4.I smiled in my best professional manner and asking for the child’s first name I said , come on , Mathilda, …5.At that I ground my teeth in disgust . If only they wouldn’t use the word “hurt “I might be able to get somewhere .6.In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject , crushed , exhausted while she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me .7.…she opened up for an instant but before I could see any thing she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars she reduced it to splinters before I could get it out again .8.The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy , one says to one’s self at such times .Key B1.我到她家时先遇到她的母亲, 她一副惊讶/害怕的表情. 她穿着很干净, 只是礼貌地说, 您是医生吗?就让我进去了.2.他试图站起来, 我示意他不要麻烦,脱去外套, 开始检查.3.像往常一样, 在这种情况下, 他们不会告诉我更多的情况, 而是理应由我来告诉他们.4.我尽量露出我的职业微笑,询问小女孩的名字.我说,过来,玛蒂尔…5.此时我已厌恶地咬牙切齿,要不是他们使用”伤害”这个词,我可能早就采取行动了.6.在接下来的斗争中,他们变得越来越可怜,被制服,甚至精疲力竭,而小女孩由于害怕我而产生的狂怒却达到了顶点.7.她的嘴张开了一下, 我还没有来的及看清楚,她又闭上了嘴.,紧紧地用臼齿咬住木刃.我还没有来的及将它拔出,,她已把它咬成了碎片.8.那个可恶的小家伙很愚蠢,但我应当保护她, 此时我对自己这样说.B.Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below , changing its form when necessary :Apologetic motion apprehension distrustful profusion admonish terrifying coax contemptible ensue desist overpower1.They heard of the traffic accident and immediately rushed to the hospital , full of apprehensions about the safety of the passengers .2.The terrifying explosion occurred early in the morning .3.As he entered the newly decorated building , an overpowering smell of paint made him feel quite sick .4.The old man yelled over and over again “stop thief ,stop thief !” But nobody did anything . The indifference of the onlookers was really contemptible .5.The police motioned for the crowd to move on to the next street .6.In Kunming , flowers grow in great profusion all the year round .7.The fans shouted and clapped so loudly that in the ensuing confusion nobody could hear a thing .8.The boys were frightened , but the police managed to coax them into telling him what they had seen that night .A.Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences :1.The girl looked at the doctor (terrifyingly, terrified ).2.“If you finish all the homework tonight , we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow , “ he (admonished ,coaxed).3.He thought their behavior was (contemptuous ,contemptible ),but he didn’t say anything in front of the host .4.Summoned by the boss , he approached his office full of(apprehension ,distrust ).5.He was sincerely sorry for what happened at the party , so people accepted his (excuse ,apology ).6.They were walking in the forest when they heard a (terrifying ,terrific )roar which made their blood freeze .7.Obviously they were getting nowhere with the meeting , so he decided to (desist ,resist ) from making a final decision that afternoon .8.“How can you say that you don’t want to see your grandmother ?”the father (admonished ,coaxed ).E. Explain the underlined words in English :1…very clean and apologetic…2…it was up to me to tell them ;…3.And there’s been a lot of sickness around .4.Nothing doing .5.I’m here to look at her throat on the chance that she mig ht have diphtheria …6.We’re going through with this .7…I too had got beyond reason.8.My face was burning with it .Key E1.polite2.It was my duty …3.There has been a lot of sick people near our home .4.She did nothing . There was no action .5.probably , possibly6.We’ll continue to the end .7.became unreasonable8.pleasure and enjoymentF.Translate the following into English :玛蒂尔达病了三天了,母亲给她吃了药也不见好, 只好请来了医生.由于玛蒂尔达的学校里有学生患白喉,而且已经有两个孩子死去,医生到奥尔逊家后首先要检查玛蒂尔达的喉咙.但是无论怎么劝,她就是不肯张开嘴,于是医生只得用压舌板伸进她的嘴里. 然而玛蒂尔达竟然把压舌板咬碎了.为了保护玛蒂尔达本人及其他的儿童,医生必须弄清玛蒂尔达是否患了白喉,以便给予及时的治疗.于是他让玛蒂尔达的父亲抓紧她的手腕,自己用力掰开了玛蒂尔达的嘴,发现她果然得了白喉.这个故事使我们想到这样一个问题,生活中有的事不能全靠自愿,在有的情况下, 一定的强迫似乎是必要的.Key F.Mathilda had been ill for three days . Her mother had given her some medicine, but it didn’t do any good . So they had to ask the doctor to come . There had been a number of cases of diphtheria in Mathilda’s school and two of them had been dead . When the doctor arrived at Olson’s home , he wanted to examine Mthilda’s throat first . But no matter how he coaxed ,,She wouldn’t open her mouth . So the doctor had to get the tongue depressor into her mouth . But Mathilda reduced it to splinters . In order to protect Mathilda herself and other children , the doctor had to make sure whether she had diphtheria or not , so that he could treat her in time . Letting Mathilda ‘s father hold her wrists he tried his best to open her mouth and found she really had diphtheria. This story made us can think such a question that something in life can’t only depend on self willingness . Under some circumstances , certain force seems necessary .G. Write a short passage of 150-200words in English on the topic “Comment on the Doctor’s Behavior . “You should covre the following points :1.Why he wanted to exa mine the girl’s throat ;2.how he tried to coax her to open her mouth ;3.what made him decide to use force to see her throat ;4.your opinion of the doctor’s behavior .Key G.Comment on the Doctor’s BehaviorAfter the doctor arrived at the girl’s home , he wanted to see her throat . As there had been a number of cases of diphtheria in the school to which the girl went during that month , the doctor also thought that of the girl . So he smiled to the girl and asked her to open her mouth and let him have a look at her throat . No matter how the doctor coaxed , the girl shut her mouth firmly .Thinking that the girl might have diphtheria and possibly die of it , the doctor decided to use force to open her mouth . He had seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in such cases . He felt that he must get a diagnosis now . So he grasped the girl’s head with his left hand and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth . But when the doctor got the wooden spatula behind her last teeth . She gripped the blade between her molars and reduced it to splinters . In the final unreasoning assault the doctor outerpowered the girl . He forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged . Her both tonsils were covered with membrane.From that the doctor had done , I thought he was a responsible person . In order to save the lives of the patients , especially those children who did not know how toco-operate with the doctor ,he had to take some measure . Otherwise a good or suitable time of treatment would be missed .Lesson Four Die as You ChooseA.Answer the following questions on the text :1.Is euthanasia openly practiced in Holland ?2.Why did the doctors in the U.S.sometimes secretly practice euthanasia without consulting the dying patients ?3.What is the difference between passive euthanasia and active euthanasia ?Do you think they make any difference ?4.What is a “living-will “?5.Did Hippocrates prohibit euthanasia ?Did most ancient Greek doctors and thinkers agree with his ban ?What did the author want to tell the reader by presenting this historical fact ?6.What is the danger involved if euthanasia is legalized ?7.Why did the author say that West Germany will not be able to legalize any form of euthanasia for a long time to come ?8.What is the author’s view on euthanasia ?Key A1.Yes, it is .2.Because they could rarely discuss euthanasia openly with patients and voluntary euthanasia was taboo , the doctor had to make the decision himself .3.Passive euthanasia means the doctor lets the patient die without giving him any treatment on his own request . Active euthanasia means the doctor kill the patient by giving him an injection or enough painkillers . No, I don’t think they make any difference.4.“Living will “is a will made by a person when he is living that he does not want life prolonged when he is dying .5.Yes , he did .No, they didn’t .The author wanted to explain that when in ancient Greece doctors and thinkers had the courage to disagree with Hippocrates , we should support euthanasia today .6.It may pose dangers for society by setting a precedent for killing .7.West Germany will not legalize any form of euthanasia for a long time because of the shadow of the past .8.The author has an appositive attitude towards euthanasia . He supports it .A.Translate the following into Chinese:1.The need for laws on euthanasia cannot be dodged for much longer .2.In Holland mercy-killing is accepted by the medical establishment and openly practiced a few thousand times each year .3.The debate on euthanasia will rumble on into the autumn, when Californians may vote on a proposed law legalizing euthanasia .4.Many people accept that it is sad , undignified and gruesome to prolong the throes of death with all the might of medical technology .5.How long can the distinction between killing and letting die hold out ?6.Is he then necessarily wrong if he administers enough painkillers to kill ?Does the fact that the doctor performed an action, rather than an omission , condemn him ?7.It is probably no coincidence that it was Dutch doctors who most heroically resisted pressure to join in the Nazi medical atrocities .8.Countries with an uninterrupted recent libertarian tradition have less to fear from setting some limited rules for voluntary euthanasia .Key B.1.现在迫切需要制定有关安乐死的法律.2.在荷兰,安乐死已经被医疗机构所接受,并于每年公开实施数千次.3.这场有关安乐死的辩论将持续到秋天,直到加利福尼亚人投票表决了一项提议,使安乐死合法化为止.4.许多人认为用所能使用的医疗科技来延长死亡前的痛苦是悲哀的/不高尚的/可怕的.5.这种主动实施与被动使用安乐死的区别还能维持多长时间呢?6.如果他使用足够数量的止痛片来为其实施安乐死就有错了吗?医生采取行动,就应受到遣责吗?。