B英语阅读理解1

阅读理解1Passage OneIf you've been joining in chat room conversations, or reading email with net pals, you have become one of the millions who write in a special, short form of English. Throughout the world, every night children and their elders are "talking" on-line: many of them are talking at the same time.It is fast: trying talking to six people once. It is convenient: three or four words per exchange. It takes cleverness, concentration and quick fingers. And it requires very simple language. There’s n either time nor space for explanations. Why waste precious time telling six friends you have to leave for a moment to take care of your little brother when BRB(=be right back) will do? Want to enter a conversation? Just type PMFJI (=pardon me for jumping in). Interested in whom you're talking to? Type A/S/L, the common request to know your pal's age, sex and location. You may get 15/M/HK as a reply from your pal. If something makes you laugh, say you're OTF (=on the floor), or LOL (=laughing out loud), or join the two into ROTFL (=rolling on the floor laughing).And when it’s time to get back to work or go to bed, you type GTG (=got to go) or TTYL (=talk to you later).People want to write as fast as possible, and they want to get their ideas across as quickly as they can. Capital letters are left in the dust, except when expressing feeling, as it takes more time to hold down the "shift" key and use capitals. Punctuation is going too.6, When people are on-line, they talk by ______.A. using body languageB. drawing some strange picturesC. making phone callsD. making use of an especially short form of English7. The Internet makes many people in the world ______A. talking at the same timeB. discover their friends and relativesC. pick out good things to buyD. find out about some problems in society8. The sentence "There’s neither time nor space for explanations" means thatA. people should use words properlyB. people should know what time it is when they are talkingC. People on-line have to express themselves in a simple wayD. people should communicate in a funny way9, If you get 19/M/HK as an answer to your A/S/L, it meansA. the person who is talking to you is 19 from Hong Kong and he is highB. you are talking to a boy 19 years old and he lives in Hong KongC. you are talking to 19 boys from Hong Kong at the same timeD. the boy from Hong Kong has been online for 19 minutes10, Which of the following is a way to save on-line time?A. People seldom use capital letters or punctuation marks.B. Many people draw pictures.C. People only use the mouse instead of the keyboard.D. People never use the "shift" key.Passage TwoMany people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters. Why? Because that is what they have been told all their life. But a new report offers some different advice. Experts say people should obey their bodies; they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking.The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide. The report is from the Institute of Medicine, part of the National Academies. This organization provides scientific and technical advice to the government and the public.The report contains some general suggestions. The experts say women should get about two-point-seven liters of water daily. Men should get about three-point-seven liters. But wait—in each case that is more than eight glasses.There is an important difference. The report does not tell people how many glasses of water to drink. In fact, the experts say it may be impossible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these guidelines. This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods. People do not get water only by forcing themselves to drink a set number of glasses per day. People also drink fruit juices and sodas and milk. They drink coffee and tea. These all contain water.As you might expect, the Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they are physically active. The same is true of those who live in hot climates. Spending on heat and activity, people could need two times as much water as others do.11, According to the passage, experts advise people to _______A. drink eight glasses of water a dayB. drink as much water as they feel like drinkingC. drink a glass of water after each mealD. drink no less than eight glasses of water a day12, Most healthy people meet their daily needs for water by drinkingA when they are tiredB when they are sweatingC when they are thirstyD when they are hungry13, The Institute of Medicine usuallyA changes some traditional ideasB announces some medical advancesC provides scientific and technical advice to the government and the publicD provides scientific and technical advice to the National Academies14, Which of the following is TRUE?A People’s daily water requirement can include the water content in foods.B The report does tell people how many glasses of water to drink a day.C The experts say it may be possible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these guideline.D People can’t get water when they drink fruit juices and sodas and milk.A when they are physically activeB when they live in hot climatesC when they are running long distanceD all of the above阅读2Passage OneDown the entrance hall of the school walk four eighth-grade students. Each one is carrying a small basket with a single egg inside. Soon more students join them each one of them is also carrying a basket with an egg. The eggs in a basket are part of a new school program that helps young people understand that having a baby is a great duty.At the beginning of the program, the teacher puts the students in pairs：one girl and one boy. Each pair gets an egg, which they must take care of for two weeks. For those fourteen days, the students have to take care of the eggs as though they were real babies. Students whose eggs get broken have to start the two weeks all over again with a new egg.One person in each pair must have the egg with him or her at all times 24 hours a day. At no time can they let the egg be out of sight. "If a teacher catches you without your egg," said one student, "she makes you go get it. They are really strict." The teachers also make the students spend half an hour each day sitting with the egg and just watching it. That can get pretty boring. But it's also something that parents spend a lot of time doing.Children say that the program has helped them understand the duties involved in having a child. "It was really hard," said one student, "You had to think all the time about the egg."6, The purpose of the program is to help students grasp the idea ofA carrying a basket with an eggB bringing up a babyC laying eggsD studying hard at school7. At the beginning,A only one student joined the programB four students in all were interested in the programC eight students became members of the programD more students than teachers liked the program8. In the third line of Paragraph 2, "they" refers toA. teachersB. studentsC. eggsD. programs9. Why should the students in the program spend half an hour each day sitting with an egg and just watching it?A. Because it is very boring to have the egg with them at all times.B. Because the teachers in this program are very strict.C. Because only in this way can students understand parents in taking care of children.D. Because if students do not do it, they will fail in the examination.10. From the last paragraph, we can infer thatA. a Program is not only way to educate childrenB. one has to think about a program all the timeC. only one child grasps the purpose of the programD. the program is of help to children's understanding of parentsPassage TwoDieting to lose weight has become very popular in recent years. People have become more health conscious and try to take better care of their bodies by eating more nutritiously (有营养地) and exercising more regularly to lose any unnecessary fat that they may have.Not only are people being more careful about what they eat, they are also concerned with how they eat and how their meals are prepared. People are taking more time for each meal. Many avoid the so called " plastic " fast-food hamburgers and choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients（成分) in a quiet restaurant with a more leisurely atmosphere. At home, they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxed dinner without phone or TV interruptions.While dieting may be viewed as beneficial, it has also become a serious problem for Americans, particularly for young women. Dieting for them has actually become a psychological addiction（依赖）They eat so little that they can lose as much as fifty percent of their total body weight, and although they look like skeletons, they still insist that they are fat.The current waves of exercising, dieting and the problems produced have caused many organizations to begin educating the public. Many schools, hospitals, health organizations, newspapers and magazines, for example, are offering classes, printing booklet articles, etc. to inform the public of the way to exercise and diet, of the dangers of dieting too rapidly, and of the places people can go for medical help if they find themselves on the road to "diet addiction".11. These days people are dieting more becauseA they have become fatter and fatterB they have realized the danger of eatingC they have become more health consciousD they have taken better care of themselves12. What changes have people made in the atmosphere of mealtime?A. They are taking more time for each meal.B. They are eating in quiet restaurants with more leisurely atmosphere.C. At home they are eating without phone or TV interruptions.D. All of the above.13. “They look like skeletons” in the third paragraph most probably meansA. they are very prettyB. they are very uglyC. they are too thinD. they are starving14 The main idea of the last paragraph is aboutA how the organizations try to help people with dieting addictionB what kind of mediums can be used to educate the publicC where people with dieting addiction can go to ask for helpD what causes the organizations to begin educating the public15, According to this passage, we can infer that the atmosphere of eating has something to do withA. dietingB. mannersC. healthD. exercising阅读3Passage OnePeople often say that the Englishman's home is his castle. They mean that the home is very important and personal. Most people in Britain live in houses rather than flats, and many people own their homes. This means that they can make them personal, and change them in any way they like. Most houses have a garden, even if it is a small one, and the garden is usually loved. The house and the garden are the private space of a person. In a crowded city a person knows that he or she has a private space which is only for himself or herself and for invited friends.People usually like to mark their space. If you are on the beach you may have spread your towels around you; in the train you may have put your coat or small bag on the seat beside you; in a library you may spread your books around you. Once I was traveling on a train to London. I was on a section for four people and there was a table between us. The man opposite to me had his briefcase on the table. There was no space on my side of the table at all. I was unhappy. I thought he thought that he owned the whole table. I had been reading a book about nonverbal(非语言的) communication so I took various papers out of my bag and put them on his case! When I did this he suddenly became angry and his eyes nearly popped out（突出) of his head. I had taken up his space! A few minutes later I took my papers off in order to read them. He immediately moved his case to his side of the table.6，What does the first sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?A. The home matters greatly to Englishmen.B. The castle is more important than the home.C. The home is more important than the castle.D. Englishmen usually live in homes instead of castle.7. Which of the following is NOT the reason for most British to live in homes?A. They can make changes in houses in which they live.B. They love houses more than gardens.C. They can own private space like the house and the garden.D. They can keep the private space to themselves and friends.8. According to Paragraph 2, if you spread your books around you in a library, it means:A. you want to spread your towels around you furtherB. you want to put your coat on the tableC. you can find no space for your books on the seatD. you want to tell others the space belongs to you9. How did the man opposite to the writer show he owned the whole table?A. He sat in a section for four people.B. He placed his briefcase on the table.C. He was traveling on a train to London.D. He was reading a book.10. The writer tried to get back his space by ______.A. moving the case off the tableB. taking all his papers outC. taking up the space of the man oppositeD. showing the books concerned to the manPassage TwoVisitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a large circulation. The "Daily Mirror" and the "Daily Express" both sell about four million copies every day. British families generally buy a newspaper every morning and two or three on Sundays.Besides the national papers, there is, however, another branch of the British press which sells almost as many copies. Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Almost every town and country area has one. Nearly all of them hold their own financially and many of them are very profitable.These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events births, weddings, deaths, council meetings and sports. Editors prefer to rely on people who know the district well. A great deal of local news is regularly supplied by clubs and churches in the neighborhood and it does not get out of date as quickly as national news.The editors must never forget that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising. They are usually anxious to keep the good will of local businessmen for this reason. But if the newspaper is well written and the news items have been carefully chosen to draw local readers, the businessmen are grateful for the opportunity to keep their products in the public eyes.11, Visitors to Britain are surprised to learn thatA. local papers should have a circulation of four millionB. there are so many local newspapers thereC. British newspapers are so widely readD. the "Daily Mirror" and "Daily Express" sell as many as 4 million copies every day12 Local newspapers haveA. a circulation as large as that of national newspapersB. a daily circulation of 13 millionC. an even larger circulationD. a slightly smaller circulation13. Which of the following statement is correct?A Nearly all towns and country areas have their own papers.B Every town and country area has at least one paper of its own.C There is a paper, national or local, in each town and country area.D A lot of distant town and country areas do not have their own paper;14 Which of the following is NOT true?A. A great deal of local news is supplied by the clubs and churches.B. Local readers are much interested in local news.C. These papers are written almost entirely for local readers.D. These papers are likely to get out of date quickly.15, According to the writer, the editor must remember that no paper can possibly succeed withoutA. interesting reportsB. advertisementsC. a great deal of national newsD. an excellent sales manager阅读4Passage OneA story is told about a soldier who was finally coming home after having fought in Vietnam. He called his parents from San Francisco. "Mom and Dad, I'm coming home, but I've a favor to ask. I have a friend. I'd like to bring him home with me. ""Sure," they replied, "we’d love to meet him.”"There’s something you should know,” the son continued, "he was injured pretty badly in the fighting. He stepped on a land mine(地雷) and lost an arm and a leg. He has nowhere else to go, and I want him to live with us. ""We’re sorry to hear that, son. But, maybe we can help him find somewhere to live.""Ho, Mom and Dad, I want him to live with us.” "Son," said the father, “you do n't know what you're asking. Someone with such a handicap would be a terrible burden to us. We have our own lives to live, and we can’t let something like this interfere with our lives. I think you should just come home and forget about this guy. He'll find a way to live on his own.At that point, the son hung up the phone. The parents heard nothing more from him. A few days later, however, they received a call from the San Francisco police. Their son had died after falling from a building. The police believed he had killed himself.The grief-stricken (痛恶欲绝) parents flew to San Francisco and were taken to the city morgue ( 太平间) to identify the body of their son. They recognized him, but to their horror they also discovered something they didn’t know, their son had only one arm and one leg.6 The soldier called his parents from San Francisco _A before going to fight in VietnamB after having fought in VietnamC after writing a letter to his friendD before making his mind to stay in the army7. The soldier told his parents that he wanted them to _________.A meet his friend in the armyB find a place for his wounded friend to live inC move to San FranciscoD agree to his plan that he would bring his wounded friend home and live with them8. His father considered his planA. unacceptableB. wiseC. usefulD. selfish9, A few days laterA the parents were told by the police that their son had been sent to prisonB the parents were told by the police that their son had killed himselfC the parents heard something more from their sonD the parents received a telegram from the San Francisco police10. The son killed himself becauseA he was unable to find a jobB his father’s words greatly disappointed him and he didn’t want to be a burden to his parentC his parents didn't agree to his planD he had lost everything in VietnamPassage TwoEducation is not an end, but a means(手段)to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is for life.In some modern countries, it has been fashionable to think that by free education for all- whether rich or poor, clever or stupid one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough; we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees, they refuse to do what they think "low" work. In fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor. We can live without education, but we would die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and moved the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns.In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability and, secondly, that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that is very bad to be ashamed of one’s work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.11. The author of this passage thinks thatA education can settle all of the world's problemsB free education won't help to solve social problemsC free education for all probably leads to a perfect worldD all the social problems can't be solved by education12. The author wants to prove thatA our society needs all kinds of jobsB our society needs free education for allC a farmer is more important than a professorD People with university degrees refuse to do what they think "low" work13. One can learn from the passageA work with hands is dirty and shamefulB work with hands is low workC work with hands is the most importantD we can't regard work with hands as low work14 The purpose of education isA to choose the system of educationB to prepare children mainly for their future workC to build a perfect worldD to let everyone receive education fit for him15 The passage mainly tells us about of education.A the meansB the systemC the valueD the type阅读理解5Passage oneYounger people and older people do not always agree. They sometimes have different ideas about life, work and play. But in one special program in New York State, adults and teenagers live together in peace. Each summer 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group. Everyone works several hours each day. The aim is not just to keep busy but rather to find meaning and enjoyment in work. Some teenagers work in the woods or on the farms near the village. Some learn to make furniture and to build houses. The adults teach them these skills.There are several free hours each day. Weekends are free, too. During the free hours some of the teenagers learn photography or painting. Others sit around talking and singing. Each teenager chooses his own way to spend his free time.When people live together, rules are always necessary. In this program the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group. The group discusses the problem. They ask, "Why did it happen?" "What should we do about it?"One of the teenagers has this to say about the experience: "You stop thinking only about yourself. You learn how to think about the group.6. What is the passage mainly about?A. A special way into the woods.B. Life of adults in a special work group.C. Life of teenagers in a special work group.D. How adults and teenagers live together in a special work group.7. When and where was the special program offered?A. Every summer in New York city.B. Every winter in New York state.C. Every summer in New York state.D. Every winter in New York city.8. What will people do when someone breaks the rule?A. Criticize him or her.B. Have a group discussion about it.C. Make more rules.D. Ask him or her to work more in the woods.9. Which of the following is not stated directly in the passage as a purpose of the program?A. To keep members of the group busy doing something.B. To make the people there understand the meaning of work.C. To find a way to solve the generation gap.D. To help people find enjoyment in work.10. What do the teenagers not do when they are free?A. They learn photography.B. They learn painting.C. They build houses.D. They sit around singing.Passage TwoA friend of mine was fond of drawing horses. He drew horses very well, but he always began at the tail. Now it is the Western rule to begin at the head of the horse. That is why I was surprised. It struck me that it could not really make any difference whether the artist begins at the head or the tail or the belly or the foot of the horse, if he really knows his business. And most great artists who really know their business do not follow other people' s rule. They make their own rules. Every one of them does his work in a way strange to himself; and the peculiarity means only that he finds it easier to work in that way.Now the very same thing is true of literature. And the question, "How shall I begin?" only means that you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail or somewhere else. That is, you are not yet experienced enough to trust your own powers. When you become more experienced you will never ask the question, and I think that you will often begin at the tail-that is to say, you will write the end of the story before you have even thought of the beginning.11. A friend of the writer' s drew horsesA.in the way of his own ruleB. in the way of Western ruleC. very wellD. all of the above12. The writer was surprised because __________.A. The artist began to draw at the head of the horse.B. The artist began to draw at the tail of the horse.C. The artist followed other people’s rules.D. The artist did not follow other people’s rules.13. You are not yet experienced because ___________.A. You don’t know where to begin.B. You want to begin at the head at the beginning at the tail.C. You always asked questions.D. You do not trust your own power.14. When you become more experienced you will ____________.A. never ask questionB. often begin at the tailC. write the end of the storyD. think of the beginning15. The passage is about _____________.A. how to draw a horseB. trust of your own powerC. how to make your own rulesD. how to write a story阅读理解6Passage One •A film was at the Circle Five Ranch to film a Marlboro commercial. This was in 1868, before they prohibited cigarette ads from American television. Darrell Winfield was watching the crew set up the equipment. The scene included an actor crossing a river on horseback, but when the time came to shoot, the man was too drunk to ride. Someone from the crew saw Winfield and asked him if he would ride the horse for 50 dollars. "Hell," said Winfield, "for 50 bucks, I’ll jump that damn horse over the moon!"To people in many countries, Winfield is just a familiar but nameless face, a simple cowboy with advertising message about a connection between the West and a brand of cigarettes. Few people know that he is 55, a family man who' s been married to the same woman for 37 years and has 5 children and 7 grandchildren. Most surprisingly, he' s a real, working cowboy who raises horses in his ranch in Wyoming.One of the most striking things about the Marlboro Man is that success ha sn’t changed him much. He says that complete strangers sometimes come up to him and say, "I've met you, know you from somewhere." whenever it happens, he says that he gets embarrassed.6. Which of the following statements is true?A. Cigarette ads were not allowed on television in America before 1868.B. Cigarette ads are now welcomed everywhere in America.C. Malboro commercials were not allowed before 1868.D. Malboro commercials were allowed on television America before 1868.7. What does the wo rd “prohibited” in the first paragraph mean?A. broadcastB. forbiddenC. producedD. provided8. When they filmed the ads, _____________.A. Winfield was too drunk.B. The actor in the ads was too drunk.C. Winfield was setting up the equipment.D. Winfield was riding a horse.9. From the passage, we know that Winfield was _____________.A. an ordinary man.B. a superstarC. an actorD. a rich man10. When people recognized Winfield, he felt ________.A. excitedB. happyC. interestedD.uncomfortablePassage Two。