管理类联考综合真题详解两套2009真题(MBA、MPAcc、MPA等适用)
2009年管理类联考综合真题及答案
绝密★启用前2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考综合试卷考生需知1.选择题的答案需用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。
2.其它题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在制定位置的答案无效。
3.交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。
否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、问题求解（本大题共15题，每小题3分，共45分。
在下列每题给出的五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡．．．上将所选的字母涂黑。
） 1．一家商店为回收资金把甲乙两件商品均以480元一件卖出。
已知甲商品赚了20%，乙商品亏了20%，则商店盈亏结果为（A）不亏不赚 （B）亏了50元 （C）赚了50元 （D）赚了40元 （E）亏了40元 2．某国参加北京奥运会的勇女运动员比例原为19:12，由于先增加若干名女运动员．使男女运动员比例变为20:13．后又增加了若干名男运动员，于是男女运动员比例．最终变为30:19．如果后增加的男运动员比先增加的女运动员多3人，则最后运员的总人数为（ ）。
（A）686 （B）637 （C）700 （D）661 （E）6003．某工厂定期购买一种原料，已知该厂每天需用该原料6吨，每吨价格1800元．原料的保管等费用平均每吨3元，每次购买原料支付运费900元，若该厂要使平均每天支付的总费用最省，则应该每（）天购买一次原料。
（A）11 （B）10 （C）9 （D）8 （E）74．在某实验中，三个试管各盛水若千克。
现将浓度为12%的盐水10克倒入A 管中，混合后，取10克倒入口管中，混合后再取10克倒入C 管中，结果 A ，B ，C 三个试管中盐水的浓度分别为6%、2%、0.5%，那么三个试管中原来盛水最多的试管及其盛水量各是 （A）A 试管，10克 （B）B 试管，20克 （C）C 试管，30克 （D）B 试管，40克 （E）C 试管，50克5．一艘轮船往返航行于甲、乙两码头之间，着船在静水中的速度不变，则当这条河的水流速度增加50%时，往返一次所需的时间比原来将( )．（A）增加 （B）减少半个小时 （C）不变 （D）减少1个小时 （E）无法判断6．方程214x x -+=的根是（ ）。
2009年考试真题及参考答案
2009年联考MBA 联考真题综合试卷一、问题求解（本大题共15题，每小题3分，共45分。
在下列每题给出的五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡．．．上将所选的字母涂黑。
） 1．一家商店为回收资金把甲乙两件商品均以480元一件卖出。
已知甲商品赚了20%，乙商品亏了20%，则商店盈亏结果为（A ）不亏不赚 （B ）亏了50元 （C ）赚了50元 （D ）赚了40元 （E ）亏了40元2．某国参加北京奥运会的勇女运动员比例原为19:12，由于先增加若干名女运动员．使男女运动员比例变为20:13．后又增加了若干名男运动员，于是男女运动员比例．最终变为30:19．如果后增加的男运动员比先增加的女运动员多3人，则最后运员的总人数为（ ）。
（A ）686 （B ）637 （C ）700 （D ）661 （E ）6003．某工厂定期购买一种原料，已知该厂每天需用该原料6吨，每吨价格1800元．原料的保管等费用平均每吨3元，每次购买原料支付运费900元，若该厂要使平均每天支付的总费用最省，则应该每（）天购买一次原料。
（A ）11 （B ）10 （C ）9 （D ）8 （E ）74．在某实验中，三个试管各盛水若千克。
现将浓度为12%的盐水10克倒入A 管中，混合后，取10克倒入口管中，混合后再取10克倒入C 管中，结果 A ，B ，C 三个试管中盐水的浓度分别为6%、2%、0.5%，那么三个试管中原来盛水最多的试管及其盛水量各是（A ）A 试管，10克 （B ）B 试管，20克 （C ）C 试管，30克（D ）B 试管，40克 （E ）C 试管，50克5．一艘轮船往返航行于甲、乙两码头之间，着船在静水中的速度不变，则当这条河的水流速度增加50%时，往返一次所需的时间比原来将( )．（A ）增加 （B ）减少半个小时 （C ）不变 （D ）减少1个小时 （E ）无法判断6．方程214x x -+=的根是（ ）。
2009年至2018年管理类联考MBAMPAcc考研写作真题与答案详解
2009年-2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考中文写作真题+答案详解适用对象：MBA、MPAcc、MPA、MEM、MTA、EMBA更新时间：2018年7月20日目录：【中文写作篇】 (2)2017年12月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析 (2)2016年12月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析 (6)2015年12月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析 (8)2014年12月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析 (11)2014年1月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析 (13)2013年1月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析 (14)2012年1月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析 (16)2011年1月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析 (18)2010年1月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析 (20)2009年1月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析 (21)【中文写作篇】2017年12月管理类硕士学位－写作真题+答案解析第56-57题，共65分。
其中论证有效性分析30分。
论说文35分。
请写在答题纸指定的位置上。
56.论证有效性分析：分析下述论证中存在的缺陷和漏洞，选择若干要点，写一篇600字左右的文章，对该论证的有效性进行分析和评论。
(论证有效性分析的一般要点是：概念特别是核心概念的界定和使用是否准确并前后一致，有无各种明显的逻辑错误，论证的论据是否成立并支持结论，结论成立的条件是否充分等等。
) 哈佛大学教授本杰明·史华慈（Benjamin I.Schwartz）在二十世纪末指出，开始席卷一切的物质主义潮流将极大地冲击人类社会固有的价值观念，造成人类社会精神世界的空虚，这一论点值得商榷。
首先，按照唯物主义物质决定精神的基本原理，精神是物质在人类头脑中的反映。
因此，物质丰富只会充实精神世界，物质主义潮流不可能造成人类精神世界的空虚。
其次，后物质主义理论认为：个人基本的物质生活一旦得到满足，就会把注意点转移到非物质方面，物质生活丰裕的人，往往会更注重精神生活，追求社会公平，个人尊严等等。
2009年199管综真题
33. 某综合性大学只有理科与文科，理科学生多于文科学生，女生多于男生。
如果上述断定为真，则以下哪项关于该大学学生的断定也一定为真？
2009年真题 － 第5页（共30页）
I. 文科的女生多于文科的男生。
II. 理科的男生多于文科的男生。
皿． 理科的女生多于文科的男生。
CA)仅 I 和 II。
CB)仅III。
2 2
009 008
CB)— 12
X
2 2
008 009
CC)— 12
X
2 2
009 010
CD)— 21
X
2 2
010 009
(E)以上结论都不正确
14. 若圆C:Cx+D气(y—1)2 =1 与x轴交于 A点， 与y轴交于 B 点，则与此圆 相切于 劣弧AB的
中 点MC注：小于 半圆的弧称为 劣弧） 的切线方程是 （ ）．
省，则应该每（ ）天购买一 次原料
(A)ll
(B)lO
(C)9
(D)8
(E)7
4.在某实验中，三个试管各盛水若干克．现将浓度 为12%的 盐水 10克倒入A管中，混合后，取10克
倒入B管中，混合后再取10克倒入C管中，结果A,B,C 三个试管中盐水的浓度分别为6%,2%,
0.5%,那么三个试管中原来盛水最多的试管及其盛水量各是( ).
校，不过即使是硬币，也可以用作赌具，但禁止学生带硬币进入学校是不可思议的，因此，禁止学生
带扑克进入学校是荒谬的。
以下哪项如果为真，最能削弱上述论证？
(A)禁止带扑克进入学校不能阻止学生在校外赌博。
(B)硬币作为赌具远不如扑克方便。
(C)很难查明学生是否带扑克进入学校。
管理类专业学位联考(综合能力)历年真题试卷汇编3(题后含答案及解析)
管理类专业学位联考（综合能力）历年真题试卷汇编3(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 逻辑推理逻辑推理1．[2009年MPA真题]老王说：“经过整改，我们工地再也没有出现违规操作的现象”。
老王的话必须预设以下哪一项?A．老王所在的工地整改前有违规操作的现象。
B．老王所在的工地整改后没有违规操作的现象。
C．老王知道他所在的工地整改后没有违规操作的现象。
D．其他工地整改后还有违规操作的现象。
E．没有整改的工地一定有违规操作的现象。
正确答案：A解析：老王的话中包含“再也没有出现”，说明“之前曾经有过”违规操作的现象，前提条件变成了“经过整改”，这样“整改”就成为“再也没出现违规操作现象”的必要条件，因此预设“老王所在的工地在整改前有违规操作现象”。
知识模块：假设2．[2007年MPA真题]有一次班级活动王颖没有参加，事后班长问王颖：“这次班级活动你怎么又没来?”班长的提问必须预设以下哪一项?A．王颖这次缺席班级活动没有预先请假。
B．王颖没有缺席过学校活动。
C．王颖从来没有缺席过班级活动。
D．王颖缺席过过去的班级活动。
E．没有其他同学缺席这次班级活动。
正确答案：D解析：班长的话中包含“又没来”，说明“之前王颖曾经不出席班级活动”，因此预设“王颖缺席过过去的班级活动”。
知识模块：假设3．[2006年MPA真题]如果老王是大学教师，又写过许多哲学论文，则他一定是哲学系的教师。
这个断定是根据以下哪项作出的?A．老王写过许多哲学论文。
B．哲学系的教员写过许多哲学论文。
C．大学教师中只有哲学系的教师写过许多哲学论文。
D．很少有教师写过许多哲学论文。
E．数学系的教员没有写过哲学论文。
正确答案：C解析：题干的逻辑推理为：写过许多哲学论文的大学教师_哲学系的教师。
也就是说“哲学系的教师”是“写过许多哲学论文的大学教师”的必要条件。
因此，如果C项为真，题干推理必然正确。
知识模块：假设4．[2002年MPA真题]甲：“我最近经常看到他带着孩子散步。
MBA、MPA、MPACC管理类联考考试真题试卷
MBA 、MPA 、MPACC 管理类联考考试真题试卷姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。
每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意）1、小魏、小雷和小李三个同学在议论刚参加完的高考。
小魏很有把握地说：“我肯定能考上重点大学。
”小雷犹豫了一下才说：“重点大学我是考不上了。
”小李说：“要是不论重点或不重点，我考上是没有问题的。
”结果表明，三人中一人考上了重点大学，一人考上了一般大学，另一人则没考上大学。
而且预言中只有一个人说对了，而另外两人的预言都与事实相反。
如果上述情况属实，那么考上重点大学、考上一般大学和没考上大学的名单的顺序是怎样的? A ．小魏、小李和小雷。
B ．小魏、小雷和小李。
C ．小雷、小李和小魏。
D ．小雷、小魏和小李。
E ．小李、小雷和小魏。
2、要断定一个新的概念，如“私人化”这个概念，能多快在公众中占据一席之地的一个确认的办法是观察代表这个概念的单词或短语多快能变成一种习惯用法。
关于短语是否确实已被认为变成一种习惯用法可以从字典编辑那里得到专业的意见。
他们对这个问题总是非常地关心。
上面描述的断定一个新概念能多快被公众接受的办法依赖于下面哪个结论? A ．字典编辑从职业上讲对那些很少使用的短语并不感兴趣。
B ．字典编辑有确切的数量标准来断定一个单词是在什么时候转变成一种习惯用法的。
C ．一个新的概念要被接受，字典编辑就必须在他们的字典里收录相关的单词和语句。
D．当一个单词转变成一个习惯用法时，它的意思在转变的过程中不会受到任何严重的歪曲。
E．那些表示新概念的单词倾向于在它所表示的概念被理解之前被使用。
3、制药行业争论道，因为只有当巨额的开发费用能在销售中予以补偿，新药品才会被开发出来。
因此，目前专利权提供的20年保护在涉及新药品的情况下必须延长。
但是，在其他行业中，尽管开发费用很高，新产品的开发却在继续进行。
2009年199管理类联考真题
绝密 启用前考生姓名考生编号2009年全国硕士研究生招生考试管理类专业学位联考综合能力试题（科目代码：１９９）考生注意事项１．考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则．（１）考生在考试开考１５分钟后不得入场．（２）交卷出场时间不得早于考试结束前３０分钟．（３）交卷结束后，不得再进考场续考，也不得在考场附近逗留或交谈．２．答题前，应按准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的 考生姓名 报考单位 考生编号 等信息．３．答案必须按要求填涂或写在指定的答题卡上．（１）填涂部分应该按照答题卡上的要求用２Ｂ铅笔完成．如要改动，必须用橡皮擦干净．（２）书写部分必须用（蓝）黑色字迹钢笔㊁圆珠笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答．字迹要清楚．４．考试结束后，将答题卡装入原试卷袋中，试卷交给监考人员．题型问题求解条件充分性判断逻辑推理写作分值４５分３０分６０分６５分自测分9.在36人中，血型情况如下：A型12人，B型10人，A B型8人，O型6人，若从中随机选出两人，则两人血型相同的概率是().(A) 77 315(D) 122(B)晶(E)以上结果都不正确CC) 33315 10.湖中有四个小岛，它们的位置恰好近似构成正方形的四个顶点，若要修建三座桥将这四个小岛连接起来，则不同的建桥方案有（种．(A)12(B )l6(C)18(D)20(E)242S � 11.若数列{a n }中，a n -::/=-O (n多l),a 1=—，前n项和S"满足a n =(n�2), 则{1-是（2S" 1s J (A)首项为2,公比为—的等比数列(B)首项为2,公比为2的等比数列(C)既非等差数列也非等比数列． 、丿1 CD)首项为z,公差为—的等差数列2 CE)首项为z,公差为2的等差数列12.直角三角形A C 的斜边AB=l 3厘米，直角边AC =5厘米，把AC对折到AB 上去与斜边重合，点C 与点E重合，折痕为AD C 如图1所示），则图中阴影部分的面积为（平方厘米．A 5 (A )20(D)14 (B )— 40(E )12(C) 38 图113. 设直线nx十(n +l)y =l (n 为正整数与两坐标轴围成的三角形面积为S n (n = 1,2, …, 2 009),则S1+S 2+…+S 2009=().(A )-X 1 2 009 2 2 008 CD)—X 1 2 010 2 2 009C B)—X 1 2 008 2 2 009CC )—X 1 2 009 2 2 010(E)以上结论都不正确14. 若圆C:Cx+D气(y —1)2=1与x 轴交于A点，与y 轴交于点，则与此圆相切于劣弧A B的中点M C 注：小于半圆的弧称为劣弧）的切线方程是（．(A)y =x+2迈(D)y =x —2+迈(B)y =x+l —— 1 迈(E)y =x+l 迈(C)y =x —1+— 1 迈15. 巳知实数a,b,x,y 满足y+I五三及·1=1—矿和巨—2l =y l b 气则3x h +3a+h =().(A )25(B)26(C )27 (D )28(E )29二、条件充分性判断：第16-25小题，每小题3分，共30分。
2009年管理类联考综合逻辑真题答案及解析
2009年管理类联考综合逻辑真题答案及解析2009年管理类联考综合逻辑真题26.某中学发现有学生课余用扑克玩带有赌博性质的游戏，因此规定学生不得带扑克进入学校，不过即使是硬币，也可以用作赌具，但禁止学生带硬币进入学校是不可思议的，因此，禁止学生带扑克进学校是荒谬的。
以下哪项如果为真，最能削弱上述论证?A禁止带扑克进学校不能阻止学生在校外赌博。
B硬币作为赌具远不如扑克方便。
C很难查明学生是否带扑克进学校。
D赌博不但败坏校风，而且影响学生学习成绩。
E有的学生玩扑克不涉及赌博。
27.甲乙丙和丁进入某围棋邀请赛半决赛，最后要决出一名冠军。
张王和李三人对结果作了如下预测：张：冠军不是丙。
王：冠军是乙。
李：冠军是甲。
已知张王李三个中恰有一人的预测正确，以下哪项为真。
A冠军是甲。
B冠军是乙。
C冠军是丙。
D冠军是丁。
E无法确定冠军是谁。
28.除非年龄在50岁以下，并且能持续游泳三千米以上，否则不能参加下个月举行的花样横渡长江活动。
同时，高血压和心脏病患者不能参加。
老黄能持续游泳三千米以上，但没被批准参加这项活动。
以上断定能推出以下哪项结论?Ⅰ老黄的年龄至少50岁。
Ⅱ老黄患有高血压。
Ⅲ老黄患有心脏病。
A只有Ⅰ。
B只有Ⅱ。
C只有Ⅲ。
DⅠⅡ和Ⅲ至少一个。
EⅠⅡⅢ都不能从题干推出。
29.一项对西部山区小塘村的调查发现，小塘村约五分之三的儿童入中学后出现中度以上的近视，而他们的父母及祖辈，没有机会到正规学校接受教育，很少出现近视。
以下哪项作为上述断定的结论最为恰当?A.接受文化教育是造成近视的原因。
B.只有在儿童期接受正式教育才易于成为近视。
C.阅读和课堂作业带来的视觉压力必然造成儿童的近视。
D.文化教育的发展和近视现象的出现有密切关系。
E.小塘村约五分之二的儿童是文盲。
30.小李考上了清华，或者小孙没考上北大。
增加以下哪项条件，能推出小李考上了清华?A.小张和小孙至少有一人未考上北大。
B.小张和小李至少有一人未考上清华。
2009年试题管理学综合考研试题
2009年试题管理学综合考研试题1客户关系管理2组织绩效3特许经营4虚拟工作团队5可分散风险二、简答（12*5）1个别品牌策略与多品牌策略的优缺点以及区别2简述企业的渠道策略3控制的三个过程4简述效率与效果对管理的重要性5简述企业持有现金的动机三计算题（15）1.生产线投资决策，投入100万元，无残值，每年销售收入60万元，付现成本20万元，投入资金采用债券筹集，，票面利率12%，所得税率34%，资本筹资费率1%。
求生产线净现值以及判断是否进行该项投资决策。
四论述题（20*3）1、结合乳制品“三聚氰”事件，分析如何将社会市场营销观念应用到营销实践中？2、论述实施价值链管理的障碍？3、论述风险和报酬率的关系以及在财务管理中的应用？渠道宽度策略有三种，独家分销，选择分销和密集分销；控制过程的步骤有衡量、比较、控制行动；按照罗宾斯认为，标准必须建立于计划，要先于控制。
衡量、比较、控制行动。
而且在答题的时候罗宾斯和王立平的书更权威，尤其是罗宾斯的内容效率和效果是罗宾斯书最前面对于管理的定义中，引用德鲁克同学的一句话：效果是做正确的事，效率是正确的做事。
可以按照效果是优秀管理的基础，效率是优秀管理的关键这一角度展开。
2008年中国人民大学管理学综合参考答案一、名词解释1、权变管理学派【考点】第一章管理历史发展【参考答案】在企业管理中要根据企业所处的内外条件随机应变，没有什么一成不变、普遍适用的“最好的”管理理论和方法。
【补充说明】参考答案基本就可以了，后面的内容视个人答题速度适当补充。
理论核心就是通过组织的各子系统内部和各子系统之间的相互联系，以及组织和它所处的环境之间的联系，来确定各种变数的关系类型和结构类型。
它强调在管理中要根据组织所处的内外部条件随机应变，针对不同的具体条件寻求不同的最合适的管理模式、方案或方法。
2、创业精神【考点】结合当前热点变相考察了王利平管理学最后一章【参考答案】个人或者某个群体通过有组织的努力，以创新的和独特的方式追求机会、创造价值和谋求增长，不管这些人手中是否拥有资源。
MPACC、MPA、MBA真题2009年1月完整整理版
2009年联考MBA 联考真题综合试卷一、问题求解（本大题共15题，每小题3分，共45分。
在下列每题给出的五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选的字母涂黑。
）1．一家商店为回收资金把甲乙两件商品均以480元一件卖出。
已知甲商品赚了20%，乙商品亏了20%，则商店盈亏结果为（A ）不亏不赚 （B ）亏了50元 （C ）赚了50元 （D ）赚了40元 （E ）亏了40元2．某国参加北京奥运会的勇女运动员比例原为19:12，由于先增加若干名女运动员．使男女运动员比例变为20:13．后又增加了若干名男运动员，于是男女运动员比例．最终变为30:19．如果后增加的男运动员比先增加的女运动员多3人，则最后运员的总人数为（ ）。
（A ）686 （B ）637 （C ）700 （D ）661 （E ）6003．某工厂定期购买一种原料，已知该厂每天需用该原料6吨，每吨价格1800元．原料的保管等费用平均每吨3元，每次购买原料支付运费900元，若该厂要使平均每天支付的总费用最省，则应该每（）天购买一次原料。
（A ）11 （B ）10 （C ）9 （D ）8 （E ）74．在某实验中，三个试管各盛水若千克。
现将浓度为12%的盐水10克倒入A 管中，混合后，取10克倒入口管中，混合后再取10克倒入C 管中，结果 A ，B ，C 三个试管中盐水的浓度分别为6%、2%、0.5%，那么三个试管中原来盛水最多的试管及其盛水量各是（A ）A 试管，10克 （B ）B 试管，20克 （C ）C 试管，30克 （D ）B 试管，40克 （E ）C 试管，50克5．一艘轮船往返航行于甲、乙两码头之间，着船在静水中的速度不变，则当这条河的水流速度增加50%时，往返一次所需的时间比原来将( )．（A ）增加 （B ）减少半个小时 （C ）不变 （D ）减少1个小时 （E ）无法判断6．方程214x x -+=的根是（ ）。
2009年10月MBA真题及详解【圣才出品】
2009年10月MBA真题及详解一、请分析下面的论证在概念、论证方法、论据及结论等方面的有效性。
600字左右。
民主集中制是一种决策机制。
在这种机制中，民主和集中是缺一不可的两个基本点。
民主不外乎就是体现多数人的意志。
问题在于什么是集中。
对此有两种解读，一种认为“集中”就是集中正确的意见；另一种认为“集中”就是集中多数人的意见。
第一种解读看似有理，实际上是一种误解。
大家都知道，五四运动有两面旗帜，一面是科学，一面是民主。
人们也许没有想到，这两面旗帜体现的是两种根本对立的原则。
科学强调真理原则，谁对听谁的；民主强调多数原则，谁占多数听谁的。
所谓“集中正确的意见”，就是强调真理原则。
这样解读“集中”就会把民主集中制置于自相矛盾的境地。
让我们想象一种情景：多数人的意见是错误的，少数人的意见正确。
如果将“集中”解读为“集中正确的意见”，则不按多数人的意见办就不“民主”，按多数人的意见办就不“集中”。
毛泽东有一句：“真理往往掌握在少数人手里”。
把集中解释为集中正确意见，就为少数人说了算提供了依据。
如果这样，民主岂不形同虚设？什么是正确的，要靠实践检验，而判断一项决策是否正确，只能在决策实施之后的实践中检验，不可能在决策过程中完成。
不知道什么是正确的，如何“集中正确意见”来做决策？既然在决策中集中正确的意见是不可能的，民主集中制的“集中”当然就应该是集中多数人的意见。
（论证有效性分析的一般要点是：概念特别是核心概念的界定和使用是否准确并前后一致，有无各种明显的逻辑错误，该论证的论据是否支持结论，论据成立的条件是否充分等。
要注意分析的内容深度、逻辑结构和语言表达。
）【真题详解】1．文中说科学与民主体现的是两种根本对立的原则，此说法太过绝对且缺乏充分论据。
事物是普遍联系的，科学与民主相互并进，密切联系。
首先，科学是民主的。
科学所反映的事实须是客观的，切不可由少数人主观臆断；科学具有进步性，连续性，后人可以根据前人的所得，继续进步，科学不但不能是一个人或少数人的，实际上也不是一个人或少数人的；科学具有普利性，科学的收获可以遍益一切人或大多数人，是为大众服务的。
2009MBAMPAMPACC管理类联考考研英语真题及答案下载(word版)
2009年MBA联考英语真题及参考答案Part I V ocabulary and Structure (10%)Direction: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.1. The poor lady was too and distressed to talk about the tragedy.A. engagedB. exhaustedC. ignorantD. energetic2. At fist , the famous painting doesn’t impress the audience at all.A. glanceB. gazeC. stareD. view3. Delegates agree to the plan in , but there were some details they didn’t approve.A. disciplineB. theoryC. principleD. nature4. I took the medicine 10minutes ago, but the bitterness is still in my mouth.A. scatteringB. fellingC. maintainingD. lingering5. Since the of human history, human beings have been asking questions like "What is the essence of life."A. duskB. dustC. twinkle C. Dawn6. The eldest son all the family members to discuss how to celebrate the 50th weddinganniversary of their parents.A. ClusteredB. resembledC. assembledD. rendered7. I must leave now, ,if you want that book I’LL bring it you tomorrow .A. AccidentallyB. IncidentallyC. OccasionallyD. Subsequently8. My mother is a light sleeper, to any sound even as low as the humming of mosquito.A. alertB. acuteC. keenD. immune9. The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and workers.A. consistentB. consciousC. confidentialD. conscientious10. As an outstanding scholar, he has become to the research team.A. seniorB. juniorC. indispensible C. independent11. Sixteen days after the earthquake, 40people, in their village, were rescued.A. trappedB. confinedC. enclosedD. captured12. Working far away from home, Jerry had to from downtown to his office everyday.A. wanderB. commuteC. rambleD. motion13. The finance minister has not been so since he raised taxes to an unbearable level.A. famousB. favorableC. popularD. preferable14. It is unimaginable for someone in such a high in the govemment to behave so badly in public.A. situationB. positionC. professionD. appointment15. Information given to employees must be , clear and in easy-to-follow language.A．convenient B．continuousC．constant D．concise16. John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law.A. sentencedB. arrestedC. accusedD. charged17. David likes country life and has decided farming.A. go in forB. go back onC. go along withD. go through with18. Jennifer has never really her son’s death. It’s very hard to accept the face that she’llnever have a child.A. come to terms withB. come up againstC. come out withD. come down to19. A national debate is now about whether we should replace golden weeks with paidV acations.A. in the wayB. by the wayC. under wayD. out of the way20. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects peopleand asks them questions.A. at easeB. at randomB. in essence D. in sumIn1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $100 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria’s delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and political map of the world,25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities,26 major importers—including chinaand India, home to a third of the world’s population-- 27 rising economic and social costs.Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it .In many poor nations with oil , the profits are being ,lost to corruption, 31 these countries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat.Countries like Russia, V enezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33, a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the Middle East.German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. And driving habits began to 39 ,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues34. A. as many as B. as good as C. as far as D. as well as35. A. Although B. Because C. Since D. As36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform40. A. for B. from C. across D. overPart III Reading Comprehension (40%)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Y ou should decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.PASSAGE1.Henric Ibsen ,author of the play"A Doll’s House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandonsHer husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. From January Ist ,2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors arewomen. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or socompanies it affects are still too male for the government’s liking. They will shortly receive a letterinforming them that they have until the end of February to act , or face the legal consequences---whichcould include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female , according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America’s 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway’s stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck , head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,"be says. Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has beenDifficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience.Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and thatIn turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen , who was voted Norway’s chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."41. The author mentions Ibsen’s play in the first paragraph in order to .A. depict women’s dilemma at workB. explain the newly passed lawC. support Norwegian governmentD. introduce the topic under discussion42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.44.The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .A. the small number of qualified females in managementB. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companiesC. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positionsD. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles45. The main idea of the passage might be .A. female power and liberation in NorwayB. the significance of Henric Ibsen’s playC. women’s status in Norwegian firmsD. the constitution of board members in NorwayPASSAGE2.While there’s never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feelparticularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she’s discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healing addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own personal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of"cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn’t funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her ( Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru ), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer road trips," she calls them).She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin my party," she writes. " Thereare just too many cool things to do and plan and live for."Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you’re not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Ga ynor’s "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow w ax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. " people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?A. Children.B. People in their 20s and 30s.C. Y oung adults.D. Elderly people.47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.A. Kris Carr is a female writerB. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3 ) probably refers to ________A. a cancer research organizationB. a group of people who suffer from cancerC. people who have recovered from cancerD. people who cope with cancer49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________A. she is depressed and likes swearingB. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctorC. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctorD. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor50. From Kris Carr’s cancer tips we may infer that ________A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancerB. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancerC. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colorsD. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patientsPASSAGE3。
2009年管理类联考真题及详解【圣才出品】
2009年管理类联考真题及详解一、分析下面论证在概念、论证方法、论据及结论等方面的有效性。
600字左右。
1000是100的十倍。
但是当分母大到上百亿的时候，作为分子的这两个数的差别就失去了意义。
在知识经济时代，任何人所掌握的知识，都是沧海一粟。
这使得在培养与选拔人才时，知识尺度也变得毫无意义。
现代网络技术可以使你在最短的时间内查询到你所需要的任何知识信息，有的大学毕业生因此感叹何必要为学习各种知识数年寒窗。
这不无道理。
传授知识不应当继续成为教育，特别是高等教育的功能。
学校知识需要记忆，记忆能力，是浅层次的大脑功能，人们在思维方面的差异不在于能记住什么，而是在于能提出什么。
素质教育的真正目标，是培养批判性思维与创造性思维能力。
知识与此种能力之间没有实质性联系，否则就难以解释，具备与爱因斯坦相同知识背景的人有的是，为什么唯独他发现了相对论。
硕士、博士这些知识头衔的实际价值一直受到有识之士的质疑，道理就在这里。
“知识就是力量”这一曾经激励了几代人的口号，正在成为空洞的历史回声，这其实是时代的进步。
（论证有效性分析的一般要点是：概念特别是核心概念的界定和使用是否准确并前后一致，有无各种明显的逻辑错误，该论证的论据是否支持结论，论据成立的条件是否充分等。
要注意分析的内容深度、逻辑结构和语言表达。
）【逻辑错误分析】（1）强加因果。
文中由“在知识经济时代，任何人所掌握的知识，都只是沧海一粟”推出“在培养与选拔人才时知识尺度变得毫无意义”属于强拉因果。
每个人掌握的知识相对于知识总量当然是微不足道的，但这并不代表学习知识是毫无意义的，因为知识的运用还需要发挥人的作用。
此外，文中由现代网络技术的便捷性推出“传授知识不应当继续成为教育，特别是高等教育的功能”也是错误的，网络只能查找知识，不能帮助理解知识，因此不能完全替代教育。
（2）论证过于片面。
文章由“具备与爱因斯坦相同知识背景的人有的是，但唯独他发现了相对论”推出“知识与能力之间没有实质性的联系”过于绝对。
2009MBA真题
2009年MBA参考答案2009年工商管理硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考英语试题Part I Vocabulary and Structure (10%)Direction: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best com pletes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet wi th a pencil.B1. The poor lady w as too and distressed to talk about the tragedy.A. engagedB. exhaustedC. ignorantD. energetic2. At first , the famous painting doesn't impress the audience at all.AA. glanceB. gazeC. stareD. view3. Delegates agree to the plan in , but there were some details they didn't ap prove.CA. disciplineB. theoryC. principleD. nature4. I took the medicine 10minutes ago, but the bitterness is still in my mouth. CA. scatteringB. fellingC. maintainingD. lingering5. Since the of human history, human beings have been asking questions like "What is the essence of life." CA. duskB. dustC. twinkle C. Dawn6. The eldest son all the family members to discuss how to celebrate the 5 0th wedding anniversary of their parents. CA. ClusteredB. resembledC. assembledD. rendered7. I must leave now. , if you want that book I'LL bring it you tomorrow.A. AccidentallyB. IncidentallyC. OccasionallyD. Subsequently8. My mother is a light sleeper, to any sound even as low as the humming of mosquito.A. alertB. acuteC. keenD. immune9. The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and wor kers.A. consistentB. consciousC. confidentialD. conscientious10. As an outstanding scholar, he has become to the research team.A. seniorB. juniorC. indispensable C. independent11. Sixteen days after the earthquake, 40people, in their village, were rescued.A. trappedB. confinedC. enclosedD. captured12. Working far away from home, Jerry had to from downtown to his office eve ryday.A. wandersB. commuteC. rambleD. motion13. The finance minister has not been so since he raised taxes to an unbearable level.A. famousB. favorableC. popularD. preferable14. It is unimaginable for someone in such a high in the government to behave so badly in public.A. situationB. positionC. professionD. appointment15. Information given to employees must be , clear and in easy-to-follow langu age.A．convenient B．continuous C．constant D．concise16. John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law.A. sentencedB. arrestedC. accusedD. charged17. David likes country life and has decided farming. AA. go in forB. go back onC. go along withD. go thro ugh with18. Jennifer has never really her son's death. It's very hard to accept the face t hat she'll never have a child.A. come to terms withB. come up againstC. come out withD. come down to19. A national debate is now about whether we should replace golden weeks wi th paid Vacations.A. in the wayB. by the wayC. under wayD. out of the way20. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he sel ects people and asks them questions.A. at easeB. at randomC. in essenceD. in sum Section ⅡCloze (10 points)Directions：For each monbared blank in the following passage, there are four choi ces marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and blacken the corresponding l etter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.In1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $10 0 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the ec onomies of china and India to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including Ira q and Nigeria's delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and polit ical map of the world, 25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, 26 major importers—including China and India, home to a third of the world's population -- 27 rising economic and social costs.Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countri es that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it .In many poor nations with oil, the profits are being, lost to corruption, 31 these co untries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat.Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33,a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected coun tries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Ru ssia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 20 08, the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. A nd driving habits began to 39 ,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transpo rt systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues34. A. as many as B. Because C. Since D. As36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform40. A. for B. from C. across D. overPart III Reading Comprehension (40%)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some q uestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresp onding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.PASSAGE1.Henric Ibsen, author of the play "A Doll's House", in which a pretty, helpless house wife abandons Her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved. From January 1st, 2008, all public companies in Norway are oblig ed to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms hav e obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so c ompanies it affects are still too male for the government's liking. They will shortly r eceive a letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act, or f ace the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were fem ale, according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Euro pe or America's 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway's stock exchange and its main bu siness lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck, head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience, "be says. Several firms have even gi ven up their public status in order to escape the new law.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain t hat it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of t h e best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity i s that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they o ccupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in theoil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience. Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right w omen can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do the ir homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen, who was voted Norway's chairman of th e year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."41. The author mentions Ibsen's play in the first paragraph in order to .A. depict women's dilemma at workB. explain the newly passed lawC. support Norwegian governmentD. introduce the topic under discussion42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.44. The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .A. the small number of qualified females in managementB. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companiesC. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positionsD. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles45. The main idea of the passage might be .A. female power and liberation in NorwayB. the significance of Henric Ibsen's playC. women's status in Norwegian firmsD. the constitution of board members in NorwayPASSAGE2.While there's never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can fee l particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Chil dren with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she's discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had g enerated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healin g addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own per sonal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine e ditor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of "cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn't funny, bu t Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat he r (Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer ro ad trips," she calls them).She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin myparty," she writes. "There are just too many cool things to do and plan and live fo r."Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashion able hospital gowns so you're not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gl oria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in y our illness. "people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?A. Children.B. People in their 20s and 30s.C. Young adults.D. Elderly people.47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.A. Kris Carr is a female writerB. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3) probably refers to ________A. a cancer research organizationB. a group of people who suffer from cancerC. people who have recovered from cancerD. people who cope with cancer49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________A. she is depressed and likes swearingB. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctorC. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctorD. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor50. From Kris Carr's cancer tips we may infer that ________A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancerB. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancerC. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colorsD. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patientsPASSAGE 3Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Should a leader strive to be loved or feared? This question, famously posed by M achiavelli, lies at the heart of Joseph Nye's new book. .Mr.Nye, a former dean of t he Kennedy School of Govemment at Harvard and one-time chairman of America's National Intelligence Council, is best known for promoting the idea of "soft power", based on persuasion and influence, as a counterpoint to "hard power", based on coercion(强迫) and force.Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his pr evious books, Mr.Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between pow er and leadership, in both the political and business spheres .Machiavelli, he notes, concluded that "one ought to be both feared and loved, but as it is difficult for th e two to go together, it is much safer to be feared than loved." In short, hard pow er is preferable to soft power. But modem leadership theorists have come to the o pposite conclusion.The context of leadership is changing, the observe, and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated. In modem companies and democracies, power i s increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies(等级制) are being undermined, ma king soft power ever more important. But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion. Mr.Nye argues. Instead, he advocates a synthesis of these two views. The conclusion of The Powers to Lead, his survey of the the ory of leadership, is that a combination of hard and soft power, which he calls” smart power, is the best approach.The dominant theoretical model of leadership at t he moment is, apparently, the “tra nsformational leadership pattern. Anone allergic(反感) to management term will alrea dy be running for the exit, but Mr.Nye has performed a valuable service in roundin g up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadership into a single, slim volume. He examines different approaches to leadership, the moralit y of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effectiveness of a pa rticular leader. There are plenty of anecdotes and examples, both historical and co ntemporary, political and corporate.Also, leadership is a slippery subject, and as he depicts various theories, even Mr. Nye never quite nails the jelly to the wall. He is at his most interesting when discu ssing the moral aspects of leadership in particular, the question of whether it is so metimes necessary for good leaders to lie -and he provides a helpful 12-point sum mary of his conclusions. A resuming theme is that as circumstances change, differ ent sorts of leaders are required; a leader who thrives in one environment may str uggle in another, and vice versa. Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadership offers no easy answers.51. From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr.Machiavelli's idea of hard power is ______.A. well accepted by Joseph NyeB. very influential till nowadaysC. based on sound theoriesD. contrary to that of modem leadership theorists52. Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to M r.Nye?A. Coercion is widespread.B. Morality is devalued.C. Power is no longer concentrated.D. Traditional hierarchies are strengthened53. In his book the Powers to lead, Mr.Nye has ermined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.A. authorityB. contextC. approachesD. morality54. Mr.Nye's book is particularly valuable in that it _____.A. makes little use of management termsB. summarizes various studies conciselyC. serves as an exit for leadership researchersD. sets a model for contemporary corporate leaders55. According to the author, the most interesting part of Mr.Nye's book lies in his _____.A. view of changeable leadershipB. definition of good leadershipC. summary of leadership historyD. discussion of moral leadershipPASSAGE 4Questions 56to 60are based on the following passage:Americans don't like to lose wars. Of course, a lot depends on how you define just what a war is. There are shooting wars-the kind that test patriotism and courage-and those are the kind at which the U.S excels. But other struggles test those qua lities too. What else was the Great Depression or the space race or the constructi on of the railroads? If American indulges in a bit of flag—when the job is done, th ey earned it.Now there is a similar challenge. Global Warming. The steady deterioration(恶化)of the very climate of this very planet is becoming a war of the first order, and by an y measure, the U.S. produces nearly a quarter of the world's greenhouse gases each year and has stubbornly made it clear that it doesn't intend to do a whole lot a bout it. Although 174 nations approved the admittedly flawed Kyoto accords to redu ce carbon levels, the U.S. walked away from them. There are vague promises of manufacturing fuel from herbs or powering cars with hydrogen. But for a country th at tightly cites patriotism as one of its core values, the U.S. is taking a pass on w hat might be the most patriotic struggle of all. It's hard to imagine a bigger fight th an one for the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people an d stability of its economy.The rub is, if the vast majority of people increasingly agree that climate change is a global emergency, there's far less agreement on how to fix it. Industry offers its pans, which too often would fix little. Environmentalists offer theirs, which too ofte n amount to native wish lists that could weaken American's growth. But let's assum e that those interested parties and others will always bent the table and will alway s demand that their voices be heard and that their needs be addressed. What wo u ld an aggressive, ambitious, effective plan look like-one that would leave the U.S. both environmentally safe and economically sound?Halting climate change will be far harder. One of the more conservative plans for addressing the problem calls for a reduction of 25 billion tons of carbon emissions over the next 52 year. And yet by devising a consistent strategy that mixes and bl ends pragmatism(实用主义)with ambition, the U.S. can, without major damage to the economy, help halt the worst effects of climate change and ensure the survival of its way of life for future generations. Money will do some of the work, but what's needed most is will. "I'm not saying the challenge isn't almost overwhelming," says Fred Krupp. "But this is America, and America has risen to these challenges before."56. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Human wars.B. Economic crisis.C. America's environmental policies.D. Global environment in general.57. From the last sentence of paragraph 2 we may learn that the survival of a cou ntry's coasts and farms, the health of its people and the stability of its economy is __________.A. of utmost importanceB. a fight no one can winC. beyond people's imaginationD. a less significant issue58. Judging from the context, the word "rub"(Line 1, Para.3) probably means______ _.A. frictionB. contradictionC. conflictD. problem59. What is the author's attitude toward America's policies on global warming?A. CriticalB. IndifferentC. SupportiveD. Compromising60. The paragraphs immediately following this passage would most probably deal w ith___________.A. the new book written by Fred KruppB. how America can fight against global warmingC. the harmful effects of global warmingD. how America can tide over economic crisisSection ⅣTranslation (20 points)Directions：In this section there is a passage in English. Translate it into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.With the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff. The compensation arrang ements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.Bankers’ excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued, to others in the past, in this case, it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble in the economy.Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay them back dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial institutio n along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this road, in hopes averting the next crisis, which is likely t o involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets. But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-term pr ofits and revenue’s, and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible risks.Part V Writing (20%)Direction : It is known that text message（手机短信）has both advantages and dis advantages. Some people think it is a blessing, while others regard it as a hell. In this section, you are asked to write an essay on text messaging. You can take ei ther stand and provide specific reasons and examples to support your idea. You s hould write at least 150 words on ANSWER SHEET.作文解析：At present, there is no doubt that short message plays an increasingly importa nt role in our lives. We are all aware that, like everything else, short message hav e both favorable and unfavorable aspects.Generally speaking, the advantages can be listed as follows. First of all, in fes tivals, we can send short messages to wish good luck to other people we know. It brings us a lot of convenience. In addition, short message connects its users with the outside world. For example, some people subscribe weather forecast or news short messages, with them, people’s life will be greatly enriched.But it is pity that every coin has two sides. The disadvantages of short message can’t be ignored.We spend too much time on spelling our words and sending short messages that we can’t focus on our studies. Also, you will always be annoy ed by strangers’ short messages one after another.As is known to all, short message is neither good nor bad itself. In my opinio n, we can use it. But we shouldn’t spend too much time on it and don’t let it distu rb us from our lives.答案：ECRION I1-10 BACDD CBAAC 11-20 BBABD DBACBSECTION 221-30 CDDBC BDDBA 31-40 BACDA DBCACSECTION 341-50 BBAAC CCBCC 51-60 DCABD CAAACSECTION 4由于国家金融体制处于危机边缘动荡,一些大银行和金融机构中的高级管理人员的补偿金计划就受到密切关注.银行家们过度冒险是金融危机的至关重要原因,在历史上也有类似情况.在这种情况下,一般是由低息引起并造成持续的错觉,其实是一种债务泡沫经济.抵押贷款人很乐意把大量资金借给无力偿还的人,就把贷款瓜分了,并沿这样的链条出售给下一个金融机构,这些做法都在利用高科技证券业,结果,却增加了抵押资产的风险.金融条例必须能应付这种能使银行下滑的,最不负责任的做法,以期扭转下一个危机,而这下一个危机很可能包括有各种类型的技术和资产.但值得审视补偿金计划的根本问题,因为那是眼前利益,但却让银行家们不负责任的甘冒风险.2009年工商管理硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考综合能力试题一、问题求解（本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分，在每小题的五项选项中选择一项）1、甲、乙两种商品，均以480元出售，甲赚了20％，乙赔了20％，则商店盈亏结果为（）A、不亏不盈B、亏了50元C、赚了50元D、赚了40元E、亏了40元2、北京奥运会某国的男女运动员人数之比为19：12，后增加了若干女运动员，使人数之比为20：13，又增加了男运动员，使人数之比为30：19，如果后增加的男运动员比先增加的女运动员多3人，则最后运动员的总人数为（）A、686B、637C、700D、661E、6003、某工厂定期购买一种原料，已知该工厂每天需要6吨原料，每吨的价格是1800元，每吨原料的保管等费用是3元，每次购买原料而需支付运费900元，若该厂要使平均每天支付的总费用最省，则应该（）天购买一次原料A、11B、10C、9D、8E、74、有3个试管A、B、C，分别装有一定量的清水，现将浓度为12％的溶液10克倒入A试管，混合后取出10克后倒入B试管，混合后再取10克倒入C 试管，最后A，B，C三个试管的浓度为6%,2%,0.5%, 则最初A，B，C三个试管盛水最多的是（）A、A试管，10克B、B试管，20克C、C试管，30克D、B试管，40克E、C试管，50克5、一艘轮船往返航行于甲、乙两码头之间，若船在静水中的速度不变，则当这条河的水流速度增加50％时，往返一次所需的时间比原来将（）A、增加B、减少半个小时C、不变D、减少一个小时E、无法判断6、方程的根是（）A、B、C、D、7、已知方程为，则b、c的值为（）A、2，6B、3，4C、－2，－6D、－3，－6E、以上结果都不正确8、已知，则（）A、B、C、D、9、现有36人，其中A血型12人，B血型10人，C血型8人，AB血型6人，从这36人中任选2人，则2人血型相同的概率为（）A、B、C、D、E、以上结论都正确10、湖中有4个小岛，恰好位于正方形的4个顶点，现要建3座桥连结4个小岛，则不同的建桥方案有( )种A、12B、16C、18D、20E、2111、在数列中，，，则是（）A、首项为2，公比为的等比数列B、首项为2，公比为2的等比数列C、既非等差数列也非等比数列D、首项为2，公差为的等差数列12、的斜边AB=13,直角边AC=5, ,将AC对折到AB上去与斜边重合，点C与点E重合，折痕为AD，（如图）则途中阴影部分的面积为（）平方厘米。
2009年1月考研管理类联考真题及答案解析
2009年1月考研管理类联考真题及答案解析一、问题求解1、一家商店为回收资金把甲乙两件商品均以480元一件卖出。
已知甲商品赚了%20，乙商品亏了%20，则商店盈亏结果为（ ）A 、不亏不赚B 、亏了50元C 、赚了50元D 、赚了40元E 、亏了40元2、某国参加北京奥运会的男女运动员的比例原为12:19，由于先增加若干女运动员，使男女运动员的比例变为13:20，后又增加了若干名男运动员，于是男女运动员比例最终变为19:30。
如果后增加的男运动员比先增加的女运动员多3人。
则最后运动员的总人数为（ ）A 、686B 、637C 、700D 、661E 、6003、某工厂定期购买一种原料。
已知该厂每天需用该原料6吨，每吨价格1800元，原料的保管等费用平均每吨3元，每次购买原料需支付费用900元，若该工厂要使平均每天支付的总费用最省，则应该每（ ）天购买一次原料。
A 、11B 、10C 、9D 、8E 、74、在某实验中，三个试管各盛水若干。
现将浓度为%12的盐水10克倒入A 试管中混合后取10克倒入B 管中，混合后再取10克倒入C 管中，结果A 、B 、C 三个试管中盐水的浓度分别为%5.0%2%6、、。
那么三个试管中原来盛水最多的试管及其成水量各是（ ） A 、A 试管，10克 B 、B 试管，20克 C 、C 试管，30克D 、B 试管，40克E 、C 试管，50克5、一艘轮船往返航行于甲乙两个码头之间，若船在静水中的速度不变，则当这条河的水流速度增加%50时，往返一次所需的时间比原来将（ ）A 、增加B 、减少半小时C 、不变D 、减少一小时E 、无法判断6、方程412=+-x x 的根是（ ）A 、15=-=x x 或B 、15-=-=x x 或C 、353-==x x 或 D 、353=-=x x 或 E 、不存在 7、)0(032≠=++c c bx x 的两个根为βα、，如果βα+、αβ为根的一元二次方程是032=+-c bx x ，则b 和c 分别为（ ）A 、6,2B 、4,3C 、6,2--D 、6,3--E 、以上结果都不正确8、若n n n x na x a x a x x x )1()1(2)1()1()1()1(2212-++-+-=++++++ ，则=+++n na a a 212（ ）A 、213-nB 、2131-+n C 、2331-+n D 、233-n E 、433-n 9、在36人中，血型情况如下：A 型12人，B 型10人，AB 型8人，O 型6人。