宾语从句-ppt

宾 语 从 句
The Object Clause
1. I
主语
know him . （简单句）
谓语 宾语
2. I
主语 主
know who
谓语 句
he
is . （复合句）
连词 从句主语 从句谓语 宾语从句
宾语从句的概念：
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
句子结构： 主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句
由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
(write)
moves 2. Miss Wang told me that the earth ______(move)
round the sun.
has taken away the book 3. Could you tell me who _________
already? (take)
4. Ling Feng told me he _________ had been to Shanghai several times. (be)
1. The young man asked _____ D it's summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether
A they did it . 2. We don't know ______ A. how B. who C. what D. which B Jim can come back on 3. The teacher asks us ____ time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time
information about that city .
She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .
由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句
e.g. (whether) he will go to the park with us 1. I want to know if __________________________________.
1.当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 2.在介词后面,引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 3.在动词不定式前,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.
3. 当 宾 语 从 句 是 特 殊 疑 问 句 时 ， 由 连 接 代 词 （what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词 （when, where, how, why）引导，因为连接代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有一定的意义，所以不可以省略
rises
5. Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the
east. (rise)
did
6. Can you tell me what they ______ yesterday? (do)
三、语序
宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：
连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
二、时态
1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ， 现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过
去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）
I know he lives here .
I know he lived here ten years ago .
I have heard that he will come tomorrow .
whose handwriting was the best in the class 3. He asked __________________________________.
（谁的书法是班上最好的）
when we’ll have a meeting 4.Please tell me _______________________. （我们什么时候开会） where he is 5. Can you tell me _______________. （他在哪儿） how I can get to the station （我该怎么去车站） 6. Could you tell me ______________________. 7. Would you tell me _________________ （为什么火车迟到了） why the train is late
例如：Where does he live? I don’t know. = I don’t know where he lives.
1. When will he go to the library?
His brother asks when he will go to the library .
（地球围着太阳转）
2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether
或if引导（口语中常用 if），因为if/whether翻 译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不 能省略 Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag . Let’s see if /whether we can find out some
带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句
Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Hainan ? Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday ? Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ? I don’t know how far it is to the cinema . Please tell us how many students there are in your school ? Can you tell us how old his brother is ? Please tell us how soon you will be ready .
Do you know what he said just now ? I don’t remember when we arrived . I asked him where I could get so much money . Please tell me who (whom) we have to see . Do you know what time the plane leaves ?
C we will have a sports 4. Does anybody know ______ meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that
5. I wonder _______ B he is crying now .
2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过 去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应
的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进
行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）
I knew who lived here.
I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father would come back
注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，
在口语当中往往省略
e.g.
he will be back in an hour （一小时后他会回来） 1. I hear (that) _______________________. he missed us very much 2. He said (that) ______________________. （他非常想念我们） the earth moves around the sun 3. The teacher told us (that) ___________________________.
tomorrow.
He said that he had seen it .
3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。 The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun .
wrote the letter. 1. I didn’t know what time he _______
（他是否跟我们一起去公园）
(if) he can come . （他是否能来） 2. Ask him whether _____________________ whether it is going to rain or not （是否要下雨） 3. I don’t know ___________________________.
由连接代词wh, where, how, why引导的宾语从句
who could answer the question (谁能回答这个问题） 1. He asked __________________________. whom they are waiting for （他们在等谁） 2. Do you know_________________________.
His brother asks when will he go to the library .
2. What does he want to buy ?
I don’t know what he wants to buy . I don’t know what does he want to buy .