2009年山东海军潜艇学院计算机应用基础考研真题A卷
2009研究生入学考试计算机网络试题及答案
研究生入学考试计算机网络试题及答案一、是非题（请在括号内，正确的划√，错误的划×）（每个2分，共20分）1．所有以太网交换机端口既支持10BASE-T标准，又支持100BASE-T标准。
（）2．Ethernet、Token Ring与FDDI是构成虚拟局域网的基础。
（）3．ATM既可以用于广域网，又可以用于局域网，这是因为它的工作原理与Ethernet基本上是相同的。
（）4．Windows操作系统各种版本均适合作网络服务器的基本平台。
（）5．局域网的安全措施首选防火墙技术。
（）6．帧中继的设计主要是以广域网互连为目标。
（）7．应用网关是在应用层实现网络互连的设备。
（）8．双绞线是目前带宽最宽、信号传输衰减最小、抗干扰能力最强的一类传输介质。
（）9．PPP（Point-to-Point Protocol，点到点协议）是一种在同步或异步线路上对数据包进行封装的数据链路层协议，早期的家庭拨号上网主要采用SLIP协议，而现在更多的是用PPP协议。
（）10．如果多台计算机之间存在着明确的主/从关系，其中一台中心控制计算机可以控制其它连接计算机的开启与关闭，那么这样的多台计算机就构成了一个计算机网络。
（）参考答案：1、× 2、√ 3、× 4、× 5、√ 6、√ 7、√ 8、× 9、√ 10、×二、单选题和多选题（除题目特殊说明是多选题外，其他均为单选题。
每空2分，共40分）1．（4选2）网络按通信方式分类，可分为（）和（）。
A. 点对点传输网络B. 广播式传输网络C. 数据传输网络D. 对等式网络2．能实现不同的网络层协议转换功能的互联设备是（）。
A. 集线器B. 交换机C. 路由器D. 网桥3．路由器（Router）是用于联接逻辑上分开的（）网络。
4．（4选2）计算机网络完成的基本功能是（）和（）。
A. 数据处理B. 数据传输C. 报文发送D. 报文存储5. （4选2）计算机网络的安全目标要求网络保证其信息系统资源的完整性、准确性和有限的传播范围，还必须保障网络信息的（）、（），以及网络服务的保密性。
2009年计算机科学与技术学科联考计算机学科专业基础综合考研真题
则该排序 算法只 能是______ 。
A．起泡排序
B． 插入排 序
C．选择 排序
D ．二路 归并排 序
11. 冯•诺依曼计算机中指令和数据均以二进制形式存放在存储器中， CPU 区分它们的依据是
。
A ．指令操作 码的译 码结果
B．指 令和数 据的寻 址方式
C． 指令周 期的不 同阶段
D．指 令和数 据所在 的存储 单元
。
A．1
B． 2
C． 3
D．4
3. 给定二叉树如右图所示。设 N 代表二叉树的根，L 代表根结点的左子树，R 代表根结
点的右子树。若遍历后的结点序列是 3，1，7，5，6，2，4，则其遍历方式是
。
A．LRN
B．NRL
C ． RLN
D ． RN L
4. 下列二叉排序树中，满足平衡二叉树定义的是______。
Ⅰ．父子 关系
Ⅱ． 兄弟关 系
Ⅲ．u 的父结点与 v 的父结点是兄弟关系
A． 只有Ⅱ
B．Ⅰ和 Ⅱ
C． Ⅰ和Ⅲ
D．Ⅰ 、Ⅱ和 Ⅲ
7. 下列关于无向连通图特性的叙述中，正确的是______。
I. 所有顶点的度之和为偶数
II. 边数大于顶点个数减 1
III. 至少有一个顶点的度为 1
A． 只有Ⅰ B．只有Ⅱ C．Ⅰ和Ⅱ
12. 一个 C 语言程序在一台 32 位机器上运行。程序中定义了三个变量 x、y 和 z，其中 x 和 z 为 int 型，y 为 short
型。当 x=127，y=-9 时，执行赋值语句 z=x+y 后，x、y 和 z 的值分别是
。
A ． x= 0000007F H，y= FF F9 H， z=00000076H
计算机应用基础2009级期末考试试题-A
注意事项：必须将选择题和填空题答案填写在指定的表格中，填写在试题中将不得分。
一、单项选择题（在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是正确的，请将正确选项的字母序号填写在下表的对应位置。
每小题1分，共30分）1．人们常说的“掌上电脑”的简称是【】。
A)MP3 B)LCD C)PC D)PDA2．以程序控制为基础的计算机结构是由_____最早提出的。
A)布尔B)卡诺C)冯·诺依曼D)图灵3. 计算机辅助制造的简称是_____。
A) CAM B) CAD C) CAT D) CAE4．第四代计算机采用的主要电子元器件是_____。
A)晶体管 B)中、小规模集成电路C)微处理器集成电路 D)超大规模集成电路5．计算机中的运算器、控制器和内部存储器被合称为_____。
A）主机 B）ALU C）CPU D）CACHE6．当前存储容量最大的光盘类型是_____。
A)CD-DA B)DVD C)VCD D)CD-ROM7．_____键的功能是进行键盘输入的大小写转换。
A) Caps Lock B) Shift C) NumD) Alt8. 计算机病毒可以使计算机或整个网络瘫痪，危害极大，计算机病毒是_____。
A）一条指令 B）一种芯片 C）一段特制的程序D）一种生物病毒9．操作系统的作用是_____。
A)把源程序译成目标程序 B)实现软硬件的转接C)管理计算机的硬件设备 D)控制和管理系统资源的使用10. Windows中的窗口可以移动或改变大小，而Windows系统中的对话框_____。
A)仅可以改变大小，不能移动B)既能移动，也能改变大小C)既不能移动，也不能改变大小 D)仅可以移动，不能改变大小11．在搜索文件或文件夹时，若用“*.*”，则将搜索_____。
A)所有含有*的文件 B)所有扩展名中含有*的文件C)所有文件 D)以上全不对12．微型计算机存储器系统中的Cache是_____。
A)只读存储器 B)可编程只读存储器C)可擦除可编程只读存储器 D)高速缓冲存储器13．在Windows下用户从硬盘中删除的文件被放在_____。
2009-2013考研计算机基础统考试题含答案
2009-2013考研计算机基础统考试题含答案2009年统考计算机考研真题 (2)⼀．单项选择题，每⼩题2分，共80分。
(2)⼆．综合应⽤题。
共70分。
(5)2009年计算机统考真题参考答案 (8)⼀．选择题 (8)⼆．综合应⽤题 (19)2010年全国研究⽣考试计算机统考试题及答案 242009年统考计算机考研真题⼀．单项选择题，每⼩题2分，共80分。
1.为解决计算机与打印机之间速度不匹配的问题，通常设置⼀个打印数据缓冲区，主机将要输出的数据依次写⼊该缓冲区，⽽打印机则依次从该缓冲区中取出数据。
该缓冲区的逻辑结构应该是A.栈B.队列C.树D.图2.设栈S和队列Q的初始状态均为空，元素abcdefg依次进⼊栈S。
若每个元素出栈后⽴即进⼊队列Q，且7个元素出队的顺序是bdcfeag，则栈S的容量⾄少是 A．1 B.2 C.3 D.43.给定⼆叉树图所⽰。
设N代表⼆叉树的根，L代表根结点的左⼦树，R代表根结点的右⼦树。
若遍历后的结点序列为3，1，7，5，6，2，4，则其遍历⽅式是 A．LRN B.NRL C.RLN D.RNL4.下列⼆叉排序树中，满⾜平衡⼆叉树定义的是5.已知⼀棵完全⼆叉树的第6层（设根为第1层）有8个叶结点，则完全⼆叉树的结点个数最多是A．39 B.52 C.111 D.1196.将森林转换为对应的⼆叉树，若在⼆叉树中，结点u是结点v的⽗结点的⽗结点，则在原来的森林中，u 和v可能具有的关系是 I．⽗⼦关系 II.兄弟关系 III. u的⽗结点与v的⽗结点是兄弟关系A.只有IIB.I和IIC.I和IIID.I、II和III7.下列关于⽆向连通图特性的叙述中，正确的是I．所有顶点的度之和为偶数 II.边数⼤于顶点个数减1 III.⾄少有⼀个顶点的度为1A.只有IB. 只有IIC.I和IID.I和III8.下列叙述中，不符合m阶B树定义要求的是A．根节点最多有m棵⼦树 B.所有叶结点都在同⼀层上C．各结点内关键字均升序或降序排列 D.叶结点之间通过指针链接9.已知关键序列5，8，12，19，28，20，15，22是⼩根堆（最⼩堆），插⼊关键字3，调整后得到的⼩根堆是A．3，5，12，8，28，20，15，22，19B. 3，5，12，19，20，15，22，8，28C．3，8，12，5，20，15，22，28，19D. 3，12，5，8，28，20，15，22，1910.若数据元素序列11，12，13，7，8，9，23，4，5是采⽤下列排序⽅法之⼀得到的第⼆趟排序后的结果，则该排序算法只能是A．起泡排序 B.插⼊排序 C.选择排序 D.⼆路归并排序码的译码结果 B.指令和数据的寻址⽅式C.指令周期的不同阶段D.指令和数据所在的存储单元12.⼀个C语⾔程序在⼀台32位机器上运⾏。
2009年考研计算机统考真题及答案解析
12. 一个 C 语言程序在一台 32 位机器上运行。 程序中定义了三个变量 x、 y 和 z， 其中 x 和 z 为 int 型， y 为 short 型。当 x=127，y =- 9 时，执行赋值语句 z=x+y 后， x、y 和 z 的值分别是 A ． x=0000007FH，y=FFF9H， z=00000076H B． x=0000007FH，y=FFF9H， z=FFFF0076H C． x=0000007FH，y=FFF7H， z=FFFF0076H D． x=0000007FH，y=FFF7H， z=00000076H 13. 浮点数加、减运算过程一般包括对阶、尾数运算、规格化、舍入和判溢出等步骤。设浮点数的阶码和尾数 均采用补码表示，且位数分别为 5 位和 7 位（均含 2 位符号位）。若有两个数 X=27 ×29/ 32 ， Y=25 ×5/8 ，则 用浮点加法计算 X+Y 的最终结果是 A ．00111 1100010 C． 01000 0010001 。
40. FTP 客户和服务器间传递 FTP 命令时，使用的连接是______ 。 A ．建立在 TCP 之上的控制连接 C．建立在 UDP 之上的控制连接 二、综合应用题：第 41~47 题，共 70 分。 41. （10 分）带权图（权值非负，表示边连接的两顶点间的距离）的最短路径问题是找出从初始顶点到目标顶 点之间的一条最短路径。假设从初始顶点到目标顶点之间存在路径，现有一种解决该问题的方法：
28. 下列文件物理结构中，适合随机访问且易于文件扩展的是______ 。 A ．连续结构 C．链式结构且磁盘块定长 B．索引结构 D．链式结构且磁盘块变长
29. 假设磁头当前位于第 105 道，正在向磁道序号增加的方向移动。现有一个磁道访问请求序列为 35，45，12 ， 68 ，110 ，180， 170， 195 ，采用 SCA N 调度 (电梯调度) 算法得到的磁道访问序列是 ______ 。 A ．110,170,180,195,68,45,35,12 C．110,170,180,195,12,35,45,68 B．110,68,45,35,12,170,180,195 D． 12,35,45,68,110下列二叉排序树中，满足平衡二叉树定义的是______ 。
山东省2009专升本计算机考试真题
山东省2009专升本计算机考试真题一、单选1世界上第一台公认的计算机是在（）年诞生的。
A1846B1864C1946D19642.计算机中地址概念是内存储器各存储单元的编号。
现有一个32KB的存储器，用十六进制数对它的地址进行编码，则编号可从0000H到（）H。
A32767B7FFFC8000D8EEE3.某单位自行开发的工资管理系统，按计算机应用的类型划分，它属于（）A科学计算B辅助计算C数据处理D实时控制4.与十进制数291等值的十六进制数为（）A123B213C231D1325.实行下列二进制逻辑乘法运算（即逻辑与运算）01011001^10100111其运算结果是（）A00000000B11111111C00000001D1*******6.下列各种数制的数中，最大的数是（）A（231）DB（F5）HC（375）OD（11011011）B7.语言处理程序的发展经历了（）三个发展阶段A机器语言、BASIC语言和C语言B二进制代码语言、机器语言和FORTRAN语言C机器语言、汇编语言和高级语言D机器语言、汇编语言和C++语言8“32位微型计算机”中的32是指（）A微机型B内存容量C储存单位D机器字长9汉字系统中的汉字字库里存放的是汉字的（）A机内码B输入码C字型码D国际码10计算机软件由（）组成A数据和程序B程序和工具C文档和程序D工具和数据11结构化程序设计的三种基本控制结构是（）A顺序、选择和转向B层次、网状和循环C模块、选择和循环D顺序、循环和选择12计算机病毒是一种（）A特殊的计算机部件B特殊的生物病毒C游戏软件D人为编制的特殊的计算机程序13下列选项中，用户可以使用的合法IP地址是（）A252.12.47.148B0.112.36.21C157.24.3.257D14.2.1.314信息高速公路是指（）A装备有通信设施的高速公路B电子邮政系统C国家信息基础设施D快递专用通道15计算机网络按其覆盖范围，可划分为（）A以太网和移动通信网B电路交换网和分组交换网C局域网、城域网和广域网D星形结构、环形结构和总线结构16在Word中，将光标移至文档尾的快捷键是（）A<ctrl+PgUp>B<ctrl+PgDn>C<ctrl+Home>D<ctrl+End>17在word中打印文档时，与打印第1，3，9及5至7页，在打印对话框中“页码范围”栏应输入（）A1，3，5，7，9B1，3，5^7，9C1~9D1，3，5---7，918以只读方式打开的Word文档，做了某些修改后，要保存时，应使用菜单“文件”下的（）A保存B全部保存C另存为D关闭19在word中，若要计算表格中某行数值的总和，可使用的统计函数是（）A.Sum（）B.Total（）C.CountD.Average（）20要使word能使用自动更正经常输错的单词，应使用（）功能。
2009年4月 计算机应用基础
2009年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试计算机应用基础试卷(课程代码0018)一、单项选择题(本大题共34小题，每小题l分，共34分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1．在计算机中，正在运行的程序存放在【】A．内存 B．软盘C．光盘 D．优盘(U盘)2．在下列存储器中，访问速度最快的是【】A．硬盘 B．软盘C．随机存储器 D．光盘3．下列不属于系统软件的是【】A．汇编程序 B．电子表格处理软件C．解释程序 D．编译程序4．下列选项中，不包含汉字编码的是A．GB2312 B．UCSC．ASCII D．GBl80305．二进制数10111101等于十进制数【】A．187 B．189C．191 D．1936．十进制数lll等于二进制数【】A．10110111 B.l01100llC．01101lll D．OllOOlll7．下列叙述正确的是【】A．存储器的容量以字节为单位 B.一个存储单元只能存放一个二进制位C．字节用“bit"表示 D．一个二进制位用“byte”表示8．用拼音输入法输入”北京奥运”四个汉字，它们的内码占用的存储空间为【】A．2个字节 B．4个字节C．6个字节 D．8个字节9．在计算机中，因为存取速度快，常用来作为高速缓冲存储器(Cache)的是【】A．动态随机存储器(DRAM) B．静态随机存储器(SRAM)C．可编程只读存储器(PROM) D．可擦除的可编程只读存储器(EPROM) 10．下列叙述正确的是【】A．经常运行的计算机程序会自动产生计算机病毒B．计算机病毒会传染到计算机的使用者C．计算机病毒可以把自身复制到计算机的硬盘D．计算机病毒不会将自身复制到内存11．在Windows中，多个窗口的排列方式为【】A．只能平铺排列 B．只能层叠排列C．平铺排列或者层叠排列 D．由系统启动决定，不能调整12．在Windows中，下列描述不正确的是【】 A．工具栏提供了常用的工具按钮B．可以任意改变对话框的大小C．菜单中某个命令的文字颜色为浅灰色，表示该命令在当前状态下不能使用D．任务栏可放在屏幕的左侧、右侧、顶端或底端13．在Windows中关于“剪贴板”的描述正确的是【】 A．信息复制到“剪贴板”后，可以进行多次粘贴B．“剪贴板”中可以存放多次“剪切”的内容C．可以使用快捷键Ctrl+C直接粘贴D．“剪贴板”可以存放多次“复制”的内容14．在Windows资源管理器中，用鼠标拖动C盘上选定的文件到优盘(U盘)后，则【】 A．选定的所有文件复制到优盘(U盘)B．选定的所有文件移动到优盘(U盘)c．选定的所有文件被删除D．选定的所有文件复制到优盘(U盘)且转换为快捷方式15．在Windows中，下列正确的文件名是【】A．work：2 B．work*2C．work[2] D．work>216．在Windows中，将当前窗口复制到“剪贴板”的快捷键是【】 A．Ctrl+C B．Ctrl+VC．PrintScreen D．Alt+PrintScreen17．在Windows中，改变系统默认的货币格式可以选择“控制面板”中的【】 A．显示 B．日期／时间C．区域选项 D．添加删除程序18．在Word中，以下不能实现创建新文档的方法是【】 A．选择“文件”菜单中“新建”命令B．单击“常用”工具栏中“新建空白文档”按钮C．按快捷键Ctrl+ND．选择“插入”菜单中“文件”命令19．退出Word应用程序的快捷键是【】 A．.Esc B．Alt+F4C．Ctrl+F4 D．Shift+F420．在Word中，选择“表格”菜单中“拆分表格”命令后，可以对表格进行【】 A．左右拆分 B．上下拆分C．任意拆分 D．上下和左右拆分21．下列不属于Word缩进方式的是【】 A．尾行缩进 B．左缩进C．悬挂缩进 D．首行缩进22．Word中“格式刷”的作用是【】 A．删除刷过的文本 B．选定刷过的文本C．填充颜色 D．快速进行格式复制23．在Word文档中插入符号时，首先要做的操作是【】 A．选择“符号”菜单 B．将光标定位到插入点C．选取要插入的符号 D．选择“插入”菜单24．在Word中将图片移动到文字区域中，能实现文字环绕图片的方式是【】 A．嵌入型 B．浮于文字下方C．紧密型 D．浮于文字上方25．在Word中，能同时显示水平标尺和垂直标尺的“视图”方式是【】 A．普通 B．大纲C．Web版式 D．页面26．下列关于Word文档分栏叙述正确的是【】 A．各栏的宽度可以不同 B．各栏的间距是固定的C．最多可以设4栏 D．各栏之间不能添加分隔线27．在Excel的Al和A2单元格分别输入数字l和5，然后选定这两个单元格，将鼠标指针指向选定区域右下角填充柄处向下拖到A3，A4,A5单元格，则A3，A4，A5单元格的数据分别是【】 A．1，3，5 B．9，13，17C．1，5，9 D．10，15，2028．在Excel中，对A8单元格绝对引用正确的是【】A．A8 B．$A8C．A$8 D．$A$829．在Excel中当前工作表数据如下：A． B C D其中B列为基本工资，C列为奖金，D列实发工资为基本工资与奖金之和。
2009年山东专升本计算机考试真题
B.数据错误
C.行高丌够
D.列宽丌够
28. Excel 中，设 E 列单元格存放工资总额，F 列用以存放实収工资，其中当工
资总额>1600 时，实収工资=工资-（工资总额-1600）*税率；当工资总额
<=1600 时，实収工资=工资总额。设税率=0.05。则 F 列可根据公式实现。其
中 F2 癿公式应为（ ）。
元格癿内容为=A1+A2,则 A3 单元格显示癿数据为（ ）。
A.2002-10-1
B.2000-12-1
C.2000-10-3
D.2000-10-12
30.在 Excel 中，利用工作表数据建立图表时，引用癿数据区域是（ ）单元格
地址区域。
A.相对
B.绝对
C.混合
D.仸意
31.如果将 B3 单元格中癿公式“=C3+$D5”复制到同一工作表癿 D7 单元格
中“页码范围”栏应输入（ ）。
A.1,3,5,7,9
B.1,3,5^7,9
C.1～9
D.1,3,5—7,9
18.以只读方式打开癿 Word 文档，做了某些修改后，要保存时，应使用菜单“文
件”下癿（ ）。
A.保存
B.全部保存
C.另存为 D.关闭
19.在 Word 中，若要计算表格中某行数值癿总和，可使用癿统计凼数是（ ）。
B.程序和工具
C.文档和程序 D.工具和数据
11.结构化程序设计癿三种基本控制结构是（ ）。
A.顸序、选择和转向 B.层次、网状和循环 C.模块、选择和循环 D.顸序、循环和
选择
12.计算机病毒是一种（ ）。
A.特殊癿计算机部件 B.特殊癿生物病毒 C.游戏软件 D.人为编制癿特殊癿计算机
00018计算机应用基础2009年04月
00018计算机应用基础2009年04月2009年4月全国自考计算机应用基础真题参考答案一、单项选择题(本大题共34小题，每小题1分，共34分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1. 在计算机中,正在运行的程序存放在()A. 内存B. 软盘C. 光盘D. 优盘(U盘)答案:A2. 在下列存储器中,访问速度最快的是()A. 硬盘B. 软盘C. 随机存储器D. 光盘答案:C3. 下列不属于系统软件的是()A. 汇编程序B. 电子表格处理软件C. 解释程序D. 编译程序答案:B4. 下列选项中,不包含汉字编码的是()A. GB2312B. UCSC. ASCIID. GB18030答案:C5. 二进制数10111101等于十进制数()A. 187B. 189C. 191D. 193答案:Bthe report on the work of various departments, supervise and inspect the management and project implementation and results of implementing financial plans of the company, effective corrective measures to ensure the achievement of business objectives for the year; 1.4 the objective fixed: according to market trends and emerging issues within the company, called special topics in business management strategy session on ... 2.6 compensation and benefits management: policy formulation, improve thepay and benefits system and develop payroll and staff benefits in atimely manner; 2.7 performance measurement through rational design methods of performance evaluation, objective and fair assessment of thework of the staff, to improve their employees ' work, and continuous upgrading of the working methods and quality; 2.8 employees career planning: according to the realities and the development of the company and its needs, identification of occupational needs, combined with the actual design for its development goals, according to implement communication with staff to modify employee development goals; 2.9 archives: archives of the statistics of reasonable and effective management to ensure human6. 十进制数111等于二进制数()A. 10110111B. 10110011C. 01101111D. 01100111答案:C7. 下列叙述正确的是()A. 存储器的容量以字节为单位B. 一个存储单元只能存放一个二进制位C. 字节用“bit”表示D. 一个二进制位用“byte”表示答案:A8. 用拼音输入法输入“北京奥运”四个汉字，它们的内码占用的存储空间为()A. 2个字节B. 4个字节C. 6个字节D. 8个字节答案:D9. 在计算机中，因为存取速度快，常用来作为高速缓冲存储器(Cache)的是()A. 动态随机存储器(DRAM)B. 静态随机存储器(SRAM)C. 可编程只读存储器(PROM)D. 可擦除的可编程只读存储器(EPROM) 答案:B10. 下列叙述正确的是()A. 经常运行的计算机程序会自动产生计算机病毒B. 计算机病毒会传染到计算机的使用者C. 计算机病毒可以把自身复制到计算机的硬盘D. 计算机病毒不会将自身复制到内存答案:C11. 在Windows中，多个窗口的排列方式为()A. 只能平铺排列B. 只能层叠排列C. 平铺排列或者层叠排列D. 由系统启动决定，不能调整答案:Cnt to ensure humanith staff to modify employee development goals;2.9 archives: archives of the statistics of reasonable and effective managemetion wtification of occupational needs, combined with the actual design for its development goals, according to implement communicand quality; 2.8 employees career planning: according to the realities and the development of the company and its needs, idenods aand fairassessment of the work of the staff, to improve their employees ' work, and continuous upgrading of the working meth benefits in a timely manner;2.7 performance measurement through rational design methods of performance evaluation, objectivestaff .. 2.6 compensation and benefits management: policy formulation, improve the pay and benefits system and develop payroll and g to market trends and emerging issues within the company, called special topics in business management strategy sessionon .cordinany, effective corrective measures to ensure the achievementof business objectives for the year; 1.4 the objective fixed: acents, supervise and inspect the management and project implementation and results of implementing financial plans of the compthe report on thework of various departm212. 在Windows中，下列描述不正确的是()A. 工具栏提供了常用的工具按钮B. 可以任意改变对话框的大小C. 菜单中某个命令的文字颜色为浅灰色，表示该命令在当前状态下不能使用D. 任务栏可放在屏幕的左侧、右侧、顶端或底端答案:B13. 在Windows中关于“剪贴板”的描述正确的是()A. 信息复制到“剪贴板”后，可以进行多次粘贴B. “剪贴板”中可以存放多次“剪切”的内容C. 可以使用快捷键Ctrl+C直接粘贴D. “剪贴板”可以存放多次“复制”的内容答案:A14. 在Windows资源管理器中，用鼠标拖动C盘上的选定文件到优盘(U盘)后，则()A. 选定的所有文件复制到优盘(U盘)B. 选定的所有文件移动到优盘(U盘)C. 选定的所有文件被删除D. 选定的所有文件复制到优盘(U盘)且转换为快捷方式答案:A15. 在Windows中，下列正确的文件名是()A. work:2B. work*2C. work,2,D. work,2答案:C16. 在Windows中，将当前窗口复制到“剪贴板”的快捷键是()A. Ctrl+CB. Ctrl+VC. PrintScreenD. Alt+PrintScreen答案:D17. 在Windows中，改变系统默认的货币格式可以选择“控制面板”中的()A. 显示B. 日期/时间C. 区域选项D. 添加/删除程序答案:Cthe report on the work of various departments, supervise and inspect the management and project implementation and results of implementing financial plans of the company, effective corrective measures to ensure the achievement of business objectives for the year; 1.4 the objective fixed: according to market trends and emerging issues within the company, called special topics in business management strategy session on ... 2.6 compensation and benefits management: policy formulation, improve thepay and benefits system and develop payroll and staff benefits in atimely manner; 2.7 performance measurement through rational design methods of performance evaluation, objective and fair assessment of the work of the staff, to improve their employees ' work, and continuous upgrading of the working methods and quality; 2.8 employees career planning: according to the realities and the development of the company and its needs, identification of occupational needs, combined with the actual design for its development goals, according to implement communication with staff to modify employee development goals; 2.9 archives: archives of the statistics of reasonable and effective management to ensure human18. 在Word中，以下不能实现创建新文档的方法是()A. 选择“文件”菜单中“新建”命令B. 单击“常用”工具栏中“新建空白文档”按钮C. 按快捷键Ctrl+ND. 选择“插入”菜单中“文件”命令答案:D19. 退出Word应用程序的快捷键是()A. EscB. Alt+F4C. Ctrl+F4D. Shift+F4答案:B20. 在Word中，选择“表格”菜单中“拆分表格”命令后，可以对表格进行()A. 左右拆分B. 上下拆分C. 任意拆分D. 上下和左右拆分答案:B21. 下列不属于Word缩进方式的是()A. 尾行缩进B. 左缩进C. 悬挂缩进D. 首行缩进答案:A22. Word中“格式刷”的作用是()A. 删除刷过的文本B. 选定刷过的文本C. 填充颜色D. 快速进行格式复制答案:D23. 在Word文档中插入符号时，首先要做的操作是()A. 选择“符号”菜单B. 将光标定位到插入点C. 选取要插入的符号D. 选择“插入”菜单答案:Bnt to ensure humanith staff to modify employee development goals;2.9 archives: archives of the statistics of reasonable and effective managemetion wtification of occupational needs, combined with the actual design for its development goals, according to implement communicand quality; 2.8 employees career planning: according to the realities and the development of the company and its needs, idenods aand fair assessment of the work of the staff, to improve their employees ' work, and continuous upgrading of the working meth benefits in a timely manner;2.7 performance measurement through rational design methods of performance evaluation, objectivestaff .. 2.6 compensation and benefits management: policy formulation, improve the pay and benefits system and develop payroll and g to market trends and emerging issues within the company, called special topics in business management strategy sessionon .cordinany, effective corrective measures to ensure the achievementof business objectives for the year; 1.4 the objective fixed: acents, supervise and inspect the management and project implementation and results of implementing financial plans of the compthe report on thework of various departm424. 在Word中将图片移动到文字区域中，能实现文字环绕图片的方式是()A. 嵌入型B. 浮于文字下方C. 紧密型D. 浮于文字上方答案:C25. 在Word中，能同时显示水平标尽和垂直标尺的“视图”方式是()A. 普通B. 大纲C. Web版式D. 页面答案:D26. 下列关于Word文档分栏叙述正确的是()A. 各栏的宽度可以不同B. 各栏的间距是固定的C. 最多可以设4栏D. 各栏之间不能添加分隔线答案:A27. 在Excel的A1和A2单元格分别输入数字1和5，然后选定这两个单元格，将鼠标指针指向选定区域右下角填充柄处向下拖到A3，A4，A5单元格，则A3，A4，A5单元格的数据分别是()A. 1，3，5B. 9，13，17C. 1，5，9D. 10，15，20答案:B28. 在Excel中，对A8单元格绝对引用正确的是()A. A8B. ,A8C. A,8D. ,A,8答案:D解析:(P151)绝对引用。
2009年真题及标准答案
2009年考研英语真题2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are. _1_ the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer in the Science Times. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly __2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is a(n) __4 in not being too bright.Intelligence, it __5 , is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow __6 _ the starting line because it depends on learning —a(n)__7 _ process —instead of instinct. Plenty of oth er species are able to learn, and one of the things they‘ve apparently learned is when to __8 .Is there an adaptive value to __9 _ intelligence? That‘s the question behind this new research. Instead of casting a wistful glance __10 at all the species w e‘ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real __11 of our own intelligence might be. This is __12 the mind of every animal we‘ve ever met.Research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would __13_ on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, __14 , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that __15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to __16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for locations. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really __17 , not merely how much of it there is. __18 , they would hope to study a(n) 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? __20 the results are inconclusive.1. [A] Suppose [B] Consider [C] Observe [D] Imagine2. [A] tended [B] feared [C] happened [D] threatened3. [A] thinner [B] stabler [C] lighter [D] dimmer4. [A] tendency [B] advantage [C] inclination [D] priority5. [A] insists on [B] sums up [C] turns out [D] puts forward6. [A] off [B] behind [C] over [D] along7. [A] incredible [B] spontaneous [C]inevitable [D] gradual8. [A] fight [B] doubt [C] stop [D] think9. [A] invisible [B] limited [C] indefinite [D] different10. [A] upward [B] forward [C] afterward [D] backward11. [A] features [B] influences C] results [D] costs12. [A] outside [B] on [C] by [D] across13. [A] deliver [B] carry [C] perform [D] apply14. [A] by chance [B] in contrast [C] as usual [D] for instance15. [A] if [B] unless [C] as [D] lest16. [A] moderate [B] overcome [C] determine [D] reach17. [A] at [B] for [C] after [D] with18. [A] Above all [B] After all [C] However [D] Otherwise19. [A] fundamental [B] comprehensive [C] equivalent [D] hostile20. [A] By accident [B] In time [C] So far [D] Better stillSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. ―Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,‖ William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word ―habit‖ carries a negative implication.So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try – the more we step outside our comfort zone –the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our own personal lives.But don‘t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they‘re there to stay. Instead, the ne w habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.―The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,‖ says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. ―But we are taught instead to ‗decide,‘ just as our president calls himself ‗the Decider.‘ ‖ She adds, however, that ―to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always expl oring the many other possibilities.‖All of us work through problems in ways of which we‘re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. ―This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anythi ng,‖ explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year I Will... and Ms. Markova‘s business partner. ―That‘s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you‘re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.‖ This is where developing new habits comes in.21. In Wordsworth‘s view, ―habits‖ is characterized by being[A] casual. [B] familiar. [C] mechanical. [D] changeable.22. Brain researchers have discovered that the formation of habits can be[A] predicted. [B] regulated. [C] traced. [D] guided.23. The word ―ruts‖ (Line 1, paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to[A] tracks. [B] series. [C] characteristics. [D] connections.24. Dawna Markova would most probably agree that[A] ideas are born of a relaxing mind.[B] innovativeness could be taught.[C] decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas.[D] curiosity activates creative minds.25. Ryan‘s comments suggest that the practice of standardized testing[A] prevents new habits from being formed.[B] no longer emphasizes commonness.[C] maintains the inherent American thinking model.[D] complies with the American belief system.Text 2It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom –or at least confirm that he‘s the kid‘s dad.All he needs to do is shell out $30 for paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore – and another $120 to get the results.More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last year, according to Doug Fogg, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests directly to the public, ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.Among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing, which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption. DNA testing is also the latest rage among passionate genealogists --- and supports businesses that offer to search for a family‘s geographic roots .Most tests require collecting cells by swabbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.But some observers are skeptical, ―There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are d oing ancestry testing,‖ says Tr oy Duster, a New York University sociologist. He notes that each individual has many ancestors --- numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father‘s li ne or mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down only frommothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies don‘t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.26. In Paragraphs 1 and 2, the text shows PTK‘s[A] easy availability.[B] flexibility in pricing.[C] successful promotion.[D] popularity with households.27. PTK is used to[A] locate one‘s birth place.[B] promote genetic research.[C] identify parent-child kinship.[D] choose children for adoption.28. Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to[A] trace distant ancestors.[B] rebuild reliable bloodlines.[C] fully use genetic information.[D] achieve the claimed accuracy.29. In the last paragraph, a problem commercial genetic testing faces is[A] disorganized data collection.[B] overlapping database building.[C] excessive sample comparison.[D] lack of patent evaluation.30. An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be[A] Fors and Againsts of DNA Testing.[B] DNA Testing and Its Problems.[C] DNA Testing Outside the Lab.[D] Lies Behind DNA Testing.Text 3The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them toimprove economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak, the U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary causes of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda, Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts as a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job.More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry‘s work.What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don‘t force it. After all, that‘s how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn‘t have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.As education improved, humanity‘s productivity potential increased as well. When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn‘t constrain the ability of the developing world‘s workforce to substantially improve productivity for the foreseeable future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn‘t developing more quickly there than it is.31. The author holds in Paragraph 1 that the importance of education in poor countries[A] is subject to groundless doubts.[B] has fallen victim of bias.[C] is conventionally downgraded.[D] has been overestimated.32. It is stated in Paragraph 1 that the construction of a new education system[A] challenges economists and politicians.[B] takes efforts of generations.[C] demands priority from the government.[D] requires sufficient labor force.33.A major difference between the Japanese and U.S workforces is that[A] the Japanese workforce is better disciplined.[B] the Japanese workforce is more productive.[C] the U.S workforce has a better education.[D] the U.S workforce is more organized.34. The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged[A] when people had enough time.[B] prior to better ways of finding food.[C] when people on longer went hungry.[D] as a result of pressure on government.35. According to the last paragraph, development of education[A] results directly from competitive environments.[B] does not depend on economic performance .[C] follows improved productivity.[D] cannot afford political changes.Text 4The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was ―so much importance attached to intellectual pursuits.‖ According to many books and articles, New England‘s leaders establi shed the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.To take this approach to the New Englanders normally means to start with the Puritans‘ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church --- important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. These men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. Their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope --- all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father that the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: ―come out from among them, touc h no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people.‖ One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible t hat he heard in Puritan churches.Meanwhile, many settler s had slighter religious commitments than Dane‘s, as one clergymanlearned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New World for religion. ―Our main end was to catch fish.‖36. The author holds that in the seventeenth-century New England[A] Puritan tradition dominated political life.[B] intellectual interests were encouraged .[C] Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.[D] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.37. It is suggested in Paragraph 2 that New Englanders[A] experienced a comparatively peaceful early history.[B] brought with them the culture of the Old World.[C] paid little attention to southern intellectual life.[D] were obsessed with religious innovations.38. The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay[A] were famous in the New World for their writings.[B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs.[C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World.[D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England.39. The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often[A] influenced by superstitions.[B] troubled with religious beliefs.[C] puzzled by church sermons.[D] frustrated with family earnings.40. The text suggests that early settlers in New England[A] were mostly engaged in political activities.[B] were motivated by an illusory prospect.[C] came from different backgrounds.[D] left few formal records for later reference.Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the 1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution. Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection. 41.____________.American social scientist Lewis Henry Morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late 1800s. Morgan, along with Tylor, was one of the founders of modern anthropology. In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies.42._____________________.In the early 1900s in North America, German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism. Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology.43._______________________ .Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture.44.______________________.Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. But a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism. Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures.45._______________________.Also in the early 1900s, French sociologist Émile Durkheim developed a theory of culture that would greatly influence anthropology. Durkheim proposed that religious beliefs functioned to reinforce social solidarity. An interest in the relationship between the function of society and culture—known as functionalism—became a major theme in European, and especially British, anthropology.[A] Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society. This theory was known as diffusionism.[B] In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, Boas became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy.[C] He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the ―survival of the fittest,‖ in which weaker races and societies m ust eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies.[D] They also focused on important rituals that appeared to preserve a people‘s social structure, such as initiation ceremonies that formally signify children‘s entrance into adul thood.[E] Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.[F]Supporters of the theory viewed culture as a collection of integrated parts that work together to keep a society functioning.[G] For example, British anthropologists Grafton Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry incorrectly suggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world. In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different times in many parts of the world.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association. (46) It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc. (47) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world's work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output.But in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance. (48) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account. (49) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.(50) We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling. In undeveloped social groups, we find very little formal teaching and training. These groups mainly rely for instilling needed dispositions into the young upon the same sort of association which keeps the adults loyal to their group.Section ⅢWritingPart A51. Directions:Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been s o successful in some regions. ―White pollution ‖ is still going on.Write a letter to the editor(s) of your local newspaper to1) give your opinions briefly and2) make two or three suggestionsYou should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)答案：Section Ⅰ1-5 B A D B C 11-15 D B C D A6-10 A D C B D 16-20 C B A A CSection ⅡPart A21-25 C D A D A 31-35 D B B C C26-30 A C D A B 36-40 B B D A CPart B41-45 C E A B GPart C46.译文：虽然我们可以说衡量任何一个社会机构价值的标准是其丰富和完善人生方面所起的作用，但这种作用并不是我们最初动机的组成部分。
《计算机基础》统考试题2009年春(含答案)
《计算机基础》统考试题及答案（2009春）（本试题限在100分钟内完成）题 号一二三四五总 分得 分一、选择题（第1～15 题。
选择正确的答案，将相应的字母填入题内的括号中。
每小题2分，本题满分30分）1．下列软件中属于系统软件的是( A )。
A．Windows XP B．Office2003 C．数据库管理程序 D．图书管理监控系统2．下列盘符表示正确的是( A )A．C: B．C:\ C．C:/ D．C 3．在Windows中，用键盘关闭当前窗口，使用组合键（ D ）A．Esc+F4 B．Shift+F4 C．Ctrl+F4 D．Alt+F44．如果在不关闭当前用户的情况下，使用另一个用户登录到系统选择（ D ）命令。
A．注销 B．重新启动 C．待机 D．切换用户5．计算机病毒通常是（ D ）。
A．一个系统文件 B．一个命令 C．一个标记 D．一段程序6．Word2003（ C ）。
A．只能处理文字 B．只能处理表格C．可以处理文字、图形、表格等 D．只能处理图片7．在Word的编辑状态，使插入点快速移到行尾的快捷键是（ A ）。
A．End键 B．Shift键 C．Ctrl键 D．Home键8．首次进入Excel时，启动的第一个工作簿的名字默认为（ B ）。
A．文档1 B．Book1 C．Sheet1 D．未命名9．在Excel的某单元格中填满了“＃＃＃＃＃”时，表明（ C ）。
A．输入的数据不符合格式 B．该单元格当前不可用C．单元格宽度不够 D．该单元格被激活10．要对幻灯片中的对象添加动画效果，可单击“幻灯片放映”菜单的（ B ）命令。
A．动作设置 B．自定义动画 C．幻灯片切换 D．动作按钮11．学校机房的网络类型属于（ D ）A．广域网 B．城域网 C．区域网 D．局域网12．如果电子邮件到达时，电脑没有开机，那么电子邮件将（ C ）A．退还给发件人 B．邮件将被删除，并告知发件人C．保存在服务商的主机上 D．永远不再发送13．浏览Web网站必须使用浏览器，目前常用的浏览器是（ A ）A．Internet Explorer B．Internet ExchangeC．Hotmai1 D．Outlook Express14．实现中英文输入方式的切换的快捷键是（ C ）A．Ctrl+Shift B．Ctrl+Alt C．Ctrl+空格 D．Shift+空格15．汉字笔画可分为（ C ）种A．3种 B．4种 C．5种 D．6种二、判断题（第16～30 题。
计算机应用基础2009级期末考试试题-A-参考答案和评分标准
参考答案和评分标准三、编程题（请用所学的计算机语言编写程序。
每题10分，共50分）变量声明2分，输入2分，结构4分，输出2分。
1．求1+2+3+……+100的和。
main( ){ double s=0,I;for(i=1;i<=100;i++)S=s+i;printf(“s=%d\n”,s);}2．给出指定年份是否为闰年的信息，如果是输出“YES”，如果不是输出“NO”。
main( ){ int n;scanf(“%d”,&n);if(n%4==0&&n%100!=0||n%400==0)printf(“%d,yes\n”,n);elseprintf(“%d,no\n”,n);}3．根据三角形的三条边计算三角形的面积。
s=))()((clblall---，其中l=2cba++#include <math.h>main(){float a,b,c,l,s;printf("input a,b,c:");scanf("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c);l=(a+b+c)/2;s=sqrt(l*(l-a)*(l-b)*(l-c));printf("s=%f\n",s);}4．计算斐波那契数列（1，1，2，3，5，8，13，…）前30项的平均值。
main(){ int i,c;long f1,f2;float sum=0,aver;f1=1;f2=1;sum=f1+f2;for(i=1;i<=14;i++){ f1=f1+f2;f2=f2+f1;sum=f1+f2;}aver=sum/30;printf("aver=%f\n",aver);}5. 编程输出如下图形。
*********main( ){ int I,j,k;for(i=1;i<=3;i++){ for(j=1;j<=3-i;j++)printf(“”);for(k=1;k<=2*i=1;k++)printf(“*”);printf(“\n”);}}。
山东省普通高等教育专升本统一考试计算机文化基础试题2009年
山东省普通高等教育专升本统一考试计算机文化基础试题2009年山东省普通高等教育专升本统一考试计算机文化基础试题2009年(总分：100.00，做题时间：120分钟)一、计算机文化基础试卷（试卷一）(总题数：1，分数：0.00)二、单项选择题（本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填涂在答题卡上。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
(总题数：50，分数：50.00)1.世界上公认的第一台计算机是在_____年诞生的。
（分数：1.00）?A.1846?B.1864?C.1946?√?D.1964解析：1946年2月，ENIAC诞生于美国宾夕尼亚大学，其主要元件是电子管，功耗大且速度慢（与当今计算机比）。
2.计算机中地址的概念是内存储器各存储单元的编号，现有一个32KB的存储器，用十六进制数对它的地址进行编码，则编号可从000H到________ H。
（分数：1.00）?A.*****?B.7FFF?√?C.8000?D.8EEE解析：计算机内存每个存储单元可存储1B（一个字节）数据，32KB的存储器需要32*1024个地址编号，表示成十六进制则为8000H。
又由于内存编码从000H开始，故其最大编号应为8000H-1H=7FFFH。
3.某单位自行开发的工资管理系统，按计算机应用的类型划分，它属于________。
（分数：1.00）?A.科学计算?B.辅助设计?C.数据处理?√?D.实时控制解析：运行于Windows平台下的办公软件都属于数据处理软件。
4.与十进制数291等值的十六进制数为________。
（分数：1.00）?A.123?√?B.213?C.231?D.132解析：123H=1×162+2×161+3×160=291,类似地可算出213H=531、231H=561、132H=306。
5.执行下列二进制逻辑乘法运算（即逻辑与运算***-*****其运算结果是________。
2009年山东海军潜艇学院通信原理考研真题A卷
2009年山东海军潜艇学院通信原理考研真题A卷一、填空题（本题共 10 小题，每空 1 分，共 20 分。
填对得 1 分，填错、填写不完整或不答均得 0 分）1．模拟通信系统的可靠性是指___________，数字通信系统的可靠性是指____________。
2．若以每分钟传送 30000 个码元的速率传输二进制信号，其码元速率为_________，信息速率为__________。
3．一个均值为零平稳高斯过程，它的同相分量和正交分量的分布是__________，均值为__________。
4．四进制数字信号的信息传输速率为 800b/s，其码元速率为____________，若传送1 小时后，接收到 72 个错误码元，其误码率为____________。
5．数字信号有时也称离散信号，这个离散是指信号的___________是离散变化的，而不一定指___________离散。
6．通常如果按功率谱形状来分类，噪声可以分为_____________和_____________。
7．按传输媒介来分，通信系统可分为__________和__________。
8．在二进制数字调制系统中，设解调器输入信噪比 r=7dB，则相干解调 2PSK 系统的误码率为__________；相干解调-码变换 2DPSK 系统的误码率为__________。
9．已知某调幅波的展开式为则载波信号表达式为__________；调制信号表达式为__________。
10．随参信道的特点是_________和_________。
二、名词解释（本题共 5 小题，每题 4 分，共 20 分）1．通信系统2．信道3．多径传播4．选择性衰落5．频率分集三、单项选择题（本题共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分）1．四进制的每一波形包含的信息量为_______。
A、1bitB、2 bitC、3bitD、4bit2．如果一个线性系统的输入随机过程是高斯的，那么线性系统的输出过程是_______。
2009年海军潜艇学院信号与线性系统A考研真题及答案-考研真题资料
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，试指出
H (z) 的所有
可能的收敛域，分别求出此系统在不同收敛域时的单位取样响应。
（1）0<|z|<0.5 （2）0.5<|z|<2 （3）2<|z|
h(n) = 2δ (n −1) + 6δ (n) − 20 ⋅ 2n ε (−n −1) + 35 ⋅ (1 )n ε (−n −1)
∫ （3） t f [2(τ −1)]dτ 答案： 1 F ( j ω )e− jω + π F (0)δ (t)
−∞
2 jω 2
2
六、计算题（本题 12 分，要求写出相应的计算步骤和必要的文字说明，只有计算结
果不得分）
已知
f∆
(t)
=
1
−
2 τ
0
t
,
t <τ
t
>
2 τ
，求该信号的傅里叶变换 F (
¡¢£¤¥2009 ¦§¨©¤¤ !
海军潜艇学院 2009 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试专业课试题
考试科目：信号与线性系统
考试时间：180 分钟
说 明：1、试题共十二大题，满分 150 分 2、答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效；要求写出必要的文字说明、
论述或重要的演算步骤。只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，
（ε (t)为阶跃信号），求该系统的零状态响应。
答案： y f (t) = δ (t) + (1 − 2e−2t )ε (t) 四、计算题（本题 20 分，要求写出相应的计算步骤和必要的文字说明，只有计算结
果不得分）
描述某离散系统的差分方程为： 6 y(k) − 5y(k) + y(k − 2) = f (k) ，已知初始条件
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2009年山东海军潜艇学院计算机应用基础考研
真题A卷
一、判断题（本题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分。
正确的填写
“√”错误的填写“×”；答对得 1 分，答错或不答均得 0 分）
1．电子计算机只能存储二进制数。
【】2．微型计算机的主要特点是体积小、价格低。
【】3．工作站是小型计算机。
【】4．任何计数制中的基数都是相同的。
【】5．机器数就是机器能够识别的数。
【】6．C 语言程序的每行中只能写一条语句。
【】7．C 语言程序的基本组成单位是函数。
【】8．C 语言允许 main 函数带形参，且形参个数和形参名均可由用户指定。
【】9．已有定义 int (*p)();指针 p 可以指向函数的入口地址。
【】10．结构体中的成员不可以与结构体变量同名【】
二、填空题(本题共 25 小题，每题 1 分，共 25 分。
填对得 1 分，填
错、填写不完整或不答均得 0 分)
1.数字“9”的BCD 码值是。
2.第二代计算机采用材料做存储器。
3.没有的计算机被称为“裸机”。
4.计算机软件是、数据和文档资料的集合。
5.CPU 的中文意思是。
通常人们所说的计算机系统是由两部分组
成。
6.在微型计算机中，内存是按编址。
7.在微型计算机中，I/O 设备是指。
8.高速缓冲存储器位于内存储器和之间。
9.8086CPU 有根地址线，最大寻址空间是 KB。
10.8086CPU 中有段寄存器，分别是。
11.半导体存储器分为两类。
12.总线一般分为内部总线、系统总线和三大类。
13.输入/输出控制方式有、和DMA 传送方式三种。
14.8255A 芯片内部有三个8 位端口，分别为。
15.在串行通信中，有三种传送模式：单工、全双工和。
16.在串行异步通信中，一般数据位占位。
17.8086/8088 的中断系统能够处理个不同中断源。
18.DAC0832 数摸转换器的输入方式有双缓冲、单缓冲和。
19.ADC0809 是CMOS 单片型式A/D 转换器。
20.在C 语言源程序中，一个变量代表。
21.一个C 语言源程序是由若干函数组成，其中至少应含有一个。
22. C 语言中的标识符可分为关键字、和 3 类。
23.在C 语言的赋值表达式中，赋值号左边必须是。
24.若a 是int 变量，则执行表达式a=25/3 3 后a 的值为。
三、单项选择题(本题共 25 小题，每题 1 分，共 25 分，在每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个是正确的，选对得 1 分，选错、多选或不答均得 0 分)
操作系统是计算机发展的【】出现的。
第一代B.第二代
C.第三代
D.第四代 0
最早推出微处理器的时间是【】。
A． 1946B.1965
C.1971
D.1978
通常说的 PC 机是指【】。
单板计算机B.小型计算机
C.个人计算机
D.微型计算机
将十进制数 215 转换成十六进制数是【】。
A． 137B.C6
C.D7
D.EA
下列一组数中，最大的数是【】。
A．（00011001）B.（35）
C.（37）
D.（3A）
用 ASCII 码表示字符“A”的二进制编码是【】。
A.11000001
B.0110001
C.10000001
D.1000001
在微型计算机中，1M 字节指的是【】。
1024K 字节B.1024 个字节
C.1024K 位
D.1024 位
两个比特可以表示【】种状态。
1B.2
C.3
D.4
十进制数-75 在计算机中表示为【】，称该数为机器数。
A.11000011
B.0100100
C.11001011
D.11001100
CPU 与【】组成了计算机主机。
A运算器B.外存储器
C.内存储器
D.内（外）存储器
目前，在台式 PC 机上最常用的总线是 PCI 总线，它属于【】。
A内部总线B.片总线
C.扩展总线
D.系统总线
EPROM 是指【】。
A只读存储器B.电可擦除的只读存储器
C.可擦写可编程存储器
D. 可擦写只读光盘存储器
8086 CPU 的字长是【】个二进制位。
A.8
B.16
C.32
D.64
SRAM 中文名称是【】。
A.动态随机存储器
B.动态
C.静态
D.静态随机存储器
8086 的数据总线为【】位。
A.8
B.16
C.32
D.64
ISA 总线的最大位宽是【】。
8 bitB.16 bit
C.32 bit
D.64 bit
HUB 中文名称是【】。
A.集线器
B.交换机
C.网络设备
D.网线
第一个真正意义上的微处理器是 1974 年开发的【】。
A.8080
B.8088
C.8086
D.80486
用 8 位二进制补码能表示的数的范围是【】。
A.-127～+127
B.-128～+128
C.-128～+127
D.-127～+128
下列正确的是【】。
A.1KB=1024×1024 Bytes
B.1MB=1024×1024 Bytes
C.1KB=1024MB
D.1MB=1024 Bytes
21.在 C 语言中，下面正确的字符常量是【】。
A.“c”
B. “\\”
C.‘W’
D.‘’
在 C 语言中，要求运算数必须是整型的运算符是【】。
A./B. ++ C.！=D.
若 x、i、j 和 k 都是 int 型变量，则执行表达式
x=(i=4,j=16,k=32)后 x 的值是【】。
A.4
B. 16
C. 32
D.52
设有说明语句：char w; int x; float y; double z;则表达式
w*x+z-y 值的数据类型为【】。
A. float
B. char
C. int
D.double
25.以下表达式值为 3 的是【】。
A. 16-1310
B. 2+3/2
C. 14/3-2
D. （2+6）/（12-9）
四、名词解释（本题共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
1．微处理器
2.指令周期
3.溢出中断
4.波特率
5．ASCII
五、简答题，本题共 5 小题，每小题 4 分，共 20 分
１．简述 8086 标志寄存器，所用位各位含义。
2．简述 8086 物理地址的形成方法。
3.用 8K×8 位的 SRAM 芯片 6264 为组件，为某 8086 微机系统设计一个 16 位的存储器，要求 RAM 容量为 16K×16 位。
试问共需多少个芯片？每片的地址如何分配？
4.简述中断控制器 8259A 的功能
5.试述逐次逼近式 A/D 转换原理。
要求在主函数中输入字符串及 m 的值并输出复制结果，在被调用函数中完成复制。
5．试利用结构体类型编制一个程序，实现输入一个学生的数学其中和期末成绩，然后计算并输出其平均成绩。