蜂产品医疗的重要性
蜜蜂及其产品的保健理念
蜜蜂及其产品的保健理念蜜蜂,我们都不陌生,蜜蜂保健是集健康、美容、祛病、康复、养生于一体的好方法。
蜂疗一种不可思议的疗法。
蜂蜇疗法及其蜜蜂产品对人体有着非常好的的保健治疗作用。
是家庭幸福和人们提高生活质量不可或缺产品和方法。
蜂毒和蜂产品可以调节人体生物机能,激活机体相关器官功能和增强机体免疫力及调整人体生理平衡。
对人体有害的物质有乳化和分解作用,蜂产品有祛旧换新的细胞活化和再生作用,故可强身健体。
“蜂王浆延年益寿”世之公认。
蜂蛰疗法与“经络穴位相结合”对人体的治疗作用相当广泛。
(“健康报”天津针灸研究所研究针灸对人体的治疗作用时,总结针灸对人体的五百六十多种疾病有治疗效果)。
中医蜂疗标本蒹治。
“蜂针疗法具有牵—发而动全身的神奇功效”。
是针,药,灸,埋线多管齐下的综台疗法。
它比较针灸、拔罐、按摩、艾灸等民间常用的治疗手段所发挥作用的面要大。
其效果大大超出了针灸对人体经络穴位的治疗作用,效果更好。
中医蜂疗是中医药集“绝技与生物精华”于一体的神奇展示。
它是人类健康长寿取之不尽的宝藏。
蜜蜂保健医疗是现代人类社会回归大自然所崇尚的绿色医疗,是治未病最便捷的治疗方法。
蜂产品来自大自然,属植物精华,中草药只是其精华的载体!中草药可治病,蜂产品即可保健,又能治病,而且效果会更好。
经蜜蜂生化而成的蜂产品是上帝赋予的保健精品。
有显著治疗作用的蜂蜇疗法更是广大亚健康人群的福音。
蜜蜂医疗可治许多疑难病症。
所以,还是重症病人脱离苦海的希望所在。
健康人群也需要蜜蜂医生的保健与呵护。
本文摘自39蜂疗网!。
蜂针和蜂产品对人体免疫功能的影响
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蜜蜂疗的功效与作用
蜜蜂疗的功效与作用蜜蜂疗的功效与作用蜜蜂是地壳上最古老而神奇的生物之一,也是自然界中不可或缺的环节之一。
除了提供我们可口的蜂蜜,蜜蜂也有很多其他的价值和作用。
蜜蜂疗即是一种利用蜜蜂及其产物来治疗疾病的方法,它在各个文化中有着悠久的历史,并在现代得到了广泛的应用。
蜜蜂疗的起源可以追溯到古代。
早在公元前4000年的埃及,人们就开始使用蜜蜂制作药膏来治疗伤口。
在中国,早在2000多年前的春秋战国时期,就有关于蜂蜜和蜂产品的医疗应用的记载。
几千年来,人们一直在探索和研究蜜蜂的药用价值,并发现了蜜蜂疗的许多功效。
这些发现得到了现代医学的验证和认可。
蜜蜂疗的基本原理是利用蜜蜂的药用成分和自身的能力来治疗各种疾病。
蜜蜂的药用成分主要来自于蜂蜜和蜂毒。
蜂蜜是蜜蜂吸取花蜜后经过加工后形成的,它富含多种营养物质,包括蛋白质、维生素、矿物质、酶和多种氨基酸等。
蜂蜜具有抗菌、抗氧化、养颜美容、促进伤口愈合等多种功效。
蜂毒是蜜蜂通过螫伤产生的,它含有多种活性成分,包括蜂毒肽、蜂毒磷酸酯、蜂毒酸等。
蜂毒具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、镇痛、消肿等作用。
蜜蜂疗广泛应用于多个领域,包括皮肤疾病、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、神经系统疾病等。
蜜蜂疗在皮肤疾病的治疗中有着显著的效果。
蜂蜜具有抗菌和消炎作用,可以用于治疗皮肤感染、湿疹、烫伤等。
蜂蜜还可以保湿滋润皮肤,使皮肤变得光滑而有弹性。
另外,蜜蜂疗可以治疗呼吸系统的疾病,如哮喘、慢性支气管炎等。
蜂蜜中的挥发油成分具有开胸化痰的作用,可以舒缓呼吸道症状。
蜜蜂疗还可以缓解消化系统的疾病,例如胃溃疡、胃炎等。
蜂蜜具有镇静胃肠黏膜、促进胃溃疡愈合的作用。
蜜蜂疗还在神经系统疾病的治疗中发挥着重要的作用,例如中风、帕金森病等。
蜂毒中的活性成分可以抑制炎症反应,降低神经细胞的损伤和死亡。
除了上述的各种疾病,蜜蜂疗还具有一些特殊的功效。
例如,蜜蜂疗可以增强免疫力,提高人体抵抗疾病的能力。
蜂毒中的活性成分可以激活免疫系统,增强机体的免疫功能。
马蜂窝的神奇治病功效
马蜂窝的神奇治病功效马蜂窝,作为国内旅游行业的知名品牌,其在旅游消费品类方面的领先地位吸引了众多消费者的关注。
然而,这个品牌离我们的生活远远不止于旅游行业,在医疗领域的神奇应用更是值得一提。
近年来,马蜂窝在旅游行业外先后推出了马蜂斑马、马蜂养生等产品服务,其中以马蜂斑马的“颈椎病治疗”最受瞩目。
这个产品可以在不离开家门的情况下,采取微电流治疗、按摩、牵引、热敷等手法,达到预防和治疗颈椎病的效果。
相比于传统的中医治疗和理疗手段,马蜂斑马的便利性和效果都不错。
而马蜂养生则是在保健品市场上大有可为。
该产品主打纯天然的养生食品,其主要成分包括蜂胶、花粉、蜂王浆等。
“蜜蜂国宝”蜂胶具有消炎镇痛、增强免疫力的功效;花粉则被称为天然营养库,是一种全面的营养补充物,有提高免疫力、增强体力等多种功效;蜂王浆含有极其丰富的天然活性物质和生长激素,有改善贫血、提高抵抗力等作用。
而在马蜂窝的保健品市场,这些高营养价值的成分都得到了很好的利用,打造出了多种养生食品。
除此之外,马蜂窝还在运用蜂产品在医疗美容领域中有了多种突破性的应用。
例如,蜂毒美容的原理是让蜂毒中的分子通过皮肤吸收,促进血液循环,传导身体的能量和营养,以达到美容和减肥的目的。
此外,还有蜂毒祛斑、蜂胶抗衰老等多种产品,都广受用户欢迎。
当然,对于这些“神奇功效”具体有多大的科学依据,需要进一步的探究和验证。
然而,在生活中,各种奇特的疗法和食品养生都有人尝试和使用,更何况蜂产品的功效都得到了广泛公认。
不管是在旅游行业、保健品市场还是医疗美容领域,马蜂窝的应用都在往多个方向突破,呈现出蓬勃的生命力和创新精神。
总之,马蜂窝这个品牌的知名度和美誉度早已不止于旅游行业,其在医疗养生领域的各种应用也同样值得推崇。
虽然需要进一步的科学论证和验证,但就目前的市场反应来看,马蜂窝的蜂产品确实有着多种神奇治病功效,值得消费者们深入了解和尝试。
蜜蜂的疗效与医药应用
蜜蜂的疗效与医药应用蜜蜂作为自然界中重要的昆虫之一,不仅提供了美味的蜂蜜,还有着丰富的药用价值。
几千年来,人们一直在探索蜜蜂的疗效与医药应用。
本文将从蜂蜜、蜂胶和蜂毒等方面来介绍蜜蜂在医药领域的应用。
一、蜂蜜的医药应用蜂蜜作为一种有机天然食品,其独特的成分使它具有很多药用价值。
首先,蜂蜜富含各种矿物质和维生素,有助于改善免疫力,并提供身体所需的营养。
其次,蜂蜜具有抗菌和抗炎的特性,可用于治疗伤口和各种感染。
此外,蜂蜜还有助于缓解咳嗽和喉咙痛等症状。
最后,蜂蜜还可用于治疗消化不良和便秘等问题,具有良好的润肠作用。
二、蜂胶的医药应用蜂胶是蜜蜂采集植物芽蓝和树木的汁液后所产生的物质,具有很强的抗菌和抗炎作用。
蜂胶富含多种活性成分,包括黄酮类、酚酸类和氨基酸等,这些成分能够抵御细菌和病毒的侵害,增强人体免疫力。
蜂胶还可以用于治疗口腔溃疡、喉咙炎、鼻炎等问题,可起到消炎和镇痛的作用。
三、蜂毒的医药应用蜂毒是由蜜蜂刺入皮肤时所产生的,尽管引起一定的疼痛,但是蜂毒也有着广泛的医药应用。
蜂毒中含有多种活性成分,其中最重要的是蜜蜂素。
蜂毒在治疗风湿性关节炎、腰背痛和软组织损伤方面表现出良好的效果。
此外,蜂毒还可以用于促进血液循环、缓解疲劳和增强身体的免疫力。
综上所述,蜜蜂的疗效与医药应用是非常广泛的。
蜂蜜、蜂胶和蜂毒作为自然界宝贵的资源,在保健和治疗方面发挥了重要的作用。
然而,在应用过程中,仍需根据实际情况综合考虑,遵循科学的用量和方法,以确保安全有效地利用蜜蜂的疗效。
未来,我们也要加强对蜜蜂的科学研究,进一步发掘其医药价值,为人类的健康福祉做出更大的贡献。
蜂产品在人类抗击癌症的贡献
蜂产品在人类抗击癌症的贡献癌症是人类目前最大的医疗难题,它已经开始蔓延到我们每个人的身边,随时可以夺走人们宝贵的生命。
医学界已经对于癌症已经拉响了预警信号。
蜂产品的营养成分丰富,而且天然。
服用蜂蜜、蜂胶、蜂王浆以及蜂毒等蜂蜜产品对人体健康有益,这是众所周知的。
最近克罗地亚首都萨格勒布大学科学家纳达·欧尔索里奇博土等在12月3日出版的《食物和农业科学杂志》上发表论文披露了他们的研究结果:在实验鼠身上的实验显示,蜂蜜产品既有对癌症的免疫作用,也有防止癌细胞转移的功能。
纳达,欧尔索里奇博士等人先给一部分实验鼠服用蜂蜜产品,然后在全部实验鼠身上人为地培养出恶性肿瘤细胞,接着再让它们服用或向它们的癌细胞注射蜂蜜产品。
结果正如纳达·欧尔索里奇博士所说,蜂蜜产品的效用是“或者阻碍癌细胞的生长,或者延迟癌细胞的扩散,从而延长了实验鼠的生命”。
纳达·欧尔索里奇博士等人发现,蜂胶和蜂蜜产品中的咖啡酸显著地延迟了皮下癌细胞的生长,蜂王浆能防止恶性肿瘤的发生,蜂蜜则能阻碍肺癌细胞的扩散,在癌细胞间注射蜂毒也能阻止癌细胞的扩散,大大延长了生病实验鼠的寿命,以至于有些患上癌症的实验鼠的寿命与健康实验鼠一样。
纯净蜂巢对食道癌、胃癌等也有较好效果,可缓解病情,延长生命。
蜂王浆、蜂王胎均能有效地防治放疗、化疗后的白细胞降低。
有研究显示:实验室里让三组容易感染癌证的小白鼠在同样的条件下生活,只是饲料不同:第一组吃蜂粮(由蜜蜂用花粉加蜂蜜加上蜜蜂分泌的物质调制而成),第二组吃鲜花粉,第三组作为对照组,吃一般的饲料。
全部小白鼠用接种方法感染了癌证以后,第二、三两组的小白鼠很多都患了癌证,最终死亡。
但是,用蜂粮喂养的第一组小白鼠得病的极少。
实验结果证明了:蜂粮(由蜜蜂用花粉加蜂蜜及蜜蜂分泌的物质调制而成)在一定程度上有抗癌的作用。
有报导[1]破壁蜂花粉水提取液对体外肿瘤细胞培养的抑制实验研究。
结果证明,花粉的水提取液对体外培养的Rail肿瘤细胞株生长具有明显的抑制作用。
蜂产品促进人类健康作用的研究进展
蜂产品是大自然赋予我们廉价、方便、安全的好产物,其中如蜂蜜、蜂花粉、蜂王浆、蜂胶、雄蜂蛹等既是食品,又是医药原料。
作为一种天然、绿色、有机产品已被越来越多的消费者接受。
其营养、保健和对某些疾病的特殊预防和辅助治疗作用,目前还没有被大多数人所了解。
现就几种主要蜂产品的营养成分、药物成分、保健功效、科学研究和开发应用作简要介绍,使人们对蜂产品有一个新的认识。
1 蜂蜜的抗炎及抗衰老作用1.1 蜂蜜的抗炎作用近年来,随着病菌抗药性的不断提高以及蜂蜜对耐药病菌有效的杀菌作用,人们重新产生了将蜂蜜用于医疗领域的兴趣。
姚军(2020)[1]研究表明成熟蜂蜜除葡萄糖和果糖外,还含有蛋白质、有机酸、维生素、酚酸类、黄酮类化合物、微量元素等,虽然这些成分含量都极低。
但多种成分协同作用赋予了蜂蜜抗菌、抗氧化、促进伤口愈合等活性。
郭娜娜等(2021)[2],研究了蜂蜜对创伤愈合的作用及机理进展,表明蜂蜜具有抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎等多种生物活性,特别是在治疗感染性创伤以及烧伤烫伤、促进伤口愈合等方面具有良好疗效。
赵浩安等(2019)[3]研究表明蜂蜜多酚通过调节肠道菌群来改善DSS诱导的溃疡性结肠炎、预防结肠炎。
孔祥溢等(2015)[4]研究了蜂蜜在免疫调控方面的作用机制,蜂蜜通过刺激或抑制单核-吞噬细胞合成与释放特定细胞因子,调控氧化应激以及调控角化细胞、成纤维细胞和内皮细胞等的炎性反应促进伤口快速愈合。
蜂产品促进人类健康作用的研究进展王海洲 王加众 王春平(日照市畜牧兽医管理服务中心,日照 276800)摘要:蜂产品包括蜂蜜、蜂王浆、蜂花粉、蜂胶、蜂毒和蜂蛹等。
近年来,随着分子生物学等学科的发展,对蜂产品的研究逐渐深入。
文章就国内外对蜂蜜的抗炎及抗衰老作用;蜂王浆预防阿尔兹海默症、调节围绝经期女性生殖内分泌、保护机体免疫器官和促进免疫潜力、促进组织细胞再生的作用;蜂胶的防治脂肪肝、治疗糖尿病、防治新型冠状病毒、作为创伤愈合剂作用;蜂毒的抗肿瘤、抗血栓作用;蜂花粉的抗肿瘤、抗氧化和保护肝损伤等多种药理活性;雄蜂蛹的医药价值研究方面进展进行了综述。
蜂产品前景
蜂产品前景近年来,蜂产品作为一种天然健康食品受到了越来越多人的关注。
蜂产品以其独特的营养价值和药用功能,被广大消费者视为保健品、药品和美容品等多种用途的良好选择。
蜂产品前景光明,有着极大的发展潜力。
首先,蜂产品拥有丰富的营养价值。
蜂蜜是蜂产品中最为常见的一种,它含有多种对人体有益的营养成分,如糖类、维生素、矿物质等,可提供人体所需的能量和营养物质。
蜂胶、蜂花粉等蜂产品也有着类似的营养成分,能够满足人们对健康食品的需求。
随着人们对健康生活的追求意识的不断提高,蜂产品作为天然健康食品将会受到更多人的青睐。
其次,蜂产品具有广泛的药用功能。
蜂蜜具有抗菌、消炎、润肺、清热、解毒等功效,可用于预防和治疗多种疾病。
蜂胶具有抗炎、抗菌、杀菌等作用,可以用于治疗感冒、咽喉炎等疾病。
蜂花粉则富含蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素等多种成分,具有增强免疫力、抗氧化等作用,被广泛应用于调节体质和保健养生。
精细化的生产工艺和严格的质量控制,使得蜂产品的药用效果得到了保证,进一步增强了蜂产品在医疗领域的应用前景。
再次,蜂产品在美容护肤领域有着广泛的用途。
蜂蜜具有保湿、滋润、抗氧化等功效,能够促进皮肤的新陈代谢,改善肌肤问题,防止衰老和皱纹的产生。
蜂胶则对皮肤有消炎、杀菌等作用,可用于治疗痤疮、疮疱等皮肤问题。
蜂王浆含有丰富的维生素和氨基酸,能够促进皮肤的细胞再生和修复,对肌肤有良好的滋养效果。
越来越多的消费者开始选择蜂产品作为日常护肤品,这为蜂产品的市场发展提供了巨大的空间。
综上所述,蜂产品具有丰富的营养价值和药用功能,且在美容护肤领域有着广泛的应用前景。
随着人们对健康和美容需求的增加,蜂产品市场将持续扩大。
同时,蜂产品的生产和加工工艺也在不断改进和创新,为其发展提供了更多机遇。
可以预见,蜂产品将成为健康食品、保健品和美容品市场中的明星产品,为人们的健康和美丽带来更多的选择和福祉。
蜂产品在不同领域中的应用探究
蜂产品在不同领域中的应用探究
蜂产品是指蜜蜂所产生的花粉、蜂皇浆、蜂胶、蜜等产品,这些产品以其丰富的营养成分及药用价值,被广泛应用于医疗保健、食品饮料、化妆品等领域。
下面将就蜂产品在不同领域中的应用进行探究。
医疗保健领域:蜜蜂产品在医疗保健领域中拥有广泛的应用。
蜂蜜以其温和且具有助消化功能的特点,被广泛用于调理胃肠等消化系统疾病患者的饮食。
蜂胶则以其抗炎、增强免疫力等功能,被应用于治疗皮炎、口腔溃疡等皮肤疾病。
蜜蜂花粉则富含蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素等多种营养素,对肝肾衰竭、血糖调节等方面也有一定的疗效。
饮食领域:蜂产品在饮食领域中应用颇广。
蜂蜜是天然的甜味料,被广泛用于代替白砂糖制作糕点、面包等食品。
蜂王浆富含多种生长因子和高质量的蛋白质,所以被视为是一种优质的营养素补充剂。
同时,蜂王浆还具有抗衰老、美肤等功效,因此也被应用于制作饮料、保健品等。
化妆品领域:蜂产品在化妆品领域中也有很多的应用。
蜂蜜被广泛用于制作面膜、洗面奶等护肤品,可通过滋润肌肤、祛渍、焕肤等效果,使肌肤更加光泽柔滑。
而蜂胶具有消炎、杀菌、修复等功能,在制作抗痘、去斑等产品中也被广泛应用。
总的来说,蜂产品在不同领域中都有广泛的应用。
尤其是对于人们的健康与美容保养具有重要的作用,因此其市场需求规模也越来越大,带动了整个蜂产品产业的快速发展。
探索中国传统医学中的蜂产品运用——与中医药研究院合作方案介绍
探索中国传统医学中的蜂产品运用——与中医药研究院合作方案介绍探索中国传统医学中的蜂产品运用——与中医药研究院合作方案介绍一、项目背景与意义中国传统医学拥有悠久的历史和丰富的经验,蜂产品作为传统医学中重要的药材之一,有着广泛的应用和独特的疗效。
然而,当前对蜂产品的运用仍存在一些不足,其在中医药研究院中的重要性和潜力尚未得到充分发掘和应用。
因此,我们提出与中医药研究院合作,探索中国传统医学中的蜂产品运用的方案,旨在通过深入研究和实践,充分挖掘蜂产品在中医药领域的潜力,并为推动中国传统医学的发展和中医药的国际化发挥积极作用。
二、合作方式1. 学术交流与合作与中医药研究院进行学术交流,共同开展针对蜂产品在中医药领域的临床研究和实践。
2. 共同策划研究项目在传统医学与中医药研究领域,共同策划并开展关于蜂产品的研究项目,包括但不限于临床试验、药效评价和毒性评估等研究。
3. 构建研究团队组建由中医药研究院和我们公司专业人员组成的研究团队,共同开展蜂产品研究、试验和分析。
4. 共享资源与成果在研究过程中,充分共享资源和成果,包括研究数据、实验材料和仪器设备等,以提高研究效率和成果的质量。
三、项目内容与计划1. 中药功效评估通过实验室研究,评估蜂产品在中医药领域的药效,确定其在中医药治疗中的适应症和疗效。
2. 临床试验结合临床实践,以蜂产品为主要研究对象,开展临床试验,验证其在中医药治疗中的临床疗效和安全性。
3. 样品收集与鉴定收集不同类型的蜜蜂和蜂产品样品,进行鉴定和分析,以确定其成分和药理作用,为后续研究提供基础。
4. 品质标准制定根据样品收集和研究结果,制定蜂产品的品质标准,以确保其在中医药治疗中的质量和安全性。
5. 毒性评估与安全性研究对蜂产品进行毒性评估,确定其安全性,并研究其在长期使用中的潜在风险和副作用。
四、预期成果与影响1. 提高传统医学知识通过研究项目,加深对中国传统医学中蜂产品运用的理解,提高传统医学知识的应用水平和质量。
中国传统医学对于蜂产品健康功效认识与推广策略探索
中国传统医学对于蜂产品健康功效认识与推广策略探索中国传统医学对于蜂产品的健康功效认识与推广策略探索前言:中国传统医学,包括中医药和民间传统医学,是千百年来积累的宝贵财富。
其中,对于蜂产品的健康功效有着深刻的认识和广泛的应用。
蜂产品,如蜂蜜、蜂胶、蜂王浆等,被视为珍贵的天然保健品,其益处被传统医学广泛推崇。
本文将从几个方面探讨中国传统医学对蜂产品健康功效的认识,以及相应的推广策略。
一、中国传统医学对蜂产品的健康功效认识1. 蜂蜜的健康功效:据传统医学认为,蜂蜜具有滋阴补肾、理气宁神、润肺止咳等功效。
它能够补气养血,对于治疗贫血、气虚乏力等疾病有一定的疗效。
此外,蜂蜜还具有微酸性、抗菌消炎的特点,能够对抗细菌感染,促进伤口愈合。
同时,蜂蜜还具有润肠通便、解毒清热的功效,对于便秘、消化不良等症状也有一定的改善作用。
2. 蜂胶的健康功效:蜂胶是工蜂用于修复蜂窝的天然物质,也是一种广泛应用于传统医学中的保健品。
传统医学认为,蜂胶具有抗菌、抗炎、提高免疫力等多种功效。
它富含丰富的维生素、氨基酸、多种矿物质和微量元素,能够加强机体抵抗力,预防疾病。
此外,蜂胶还具有抗氧化、抗衰老的作用,对于提高肌肤的弹性、延缓衰老有一定的效果。
3. 蜂王浆的健康功效:蜂王浆是蜂王食用的特殊食品,被誉为“胎儿的食品”。
传统医学认为,蜂王浆富含丰富的维生素、矿物质、氨基酸等营养物质,能够增强免疫力,促进新陈代谢,健脾益肺,具有延缓衰老、改善睡眠质量的效果。
此外,蜂王浆还具有调节内分泌、缓解更年期症状的作用,对于女性的生理健康有一定的帮助。
二、推广策略探索1. 科学研究的支持:传统医学对于蜂产品的认识虽然深入,但缺乏足够的科学证据支持。
因此,应该加大对蜂产品功效的科学研究力度,通过临床实验和科学评估,确立蜂产品的健康功效,提高其可信度和权威性。
2. 制定相关政策:政府可以制定一系列优惠政策,鼓励蜂产品的研发和生产。
同时,加强蜂产品的质量监管,确保其符合国家标准和安全要求,在市场上建立起良好的信誉。
蜂产品相关 中医药健康养生文化
蜂产品:中医药健康养生文化的瑰宝
蜂产品,如蜂蜜、蜂王浆、蜂胶等,具有丰富的中医药健康养生文化。
首先,蜂蜜在中医中是一种重要的药材,具有安五脏、益气补中、止痛解毒、除百病、和百药等功效。
它能够润燥、补中、止痛、解毒,用于肺燥干咳,肠燥便秘,解乌头毒;外治口疮,疮疡,烧、烫伤。
现代医学也证明蜂蜜具有杀菌消炎、美容护肤等作用。
其次,蜂王浆在中医中也有广泛的应用。
它能够滋补强壮、益寿延年,对于神经衰弱、肝炎、风湿性关节炎、贫血等疾病有很好的疗效。
同时,蜂王浆还可以调节人体的新陈代谢,增强免疫力。
此外,蜂胶也是一种重要的蜂产品。
它具有抗菌消炎、促进组织再生、抗氧化等作用,可以用于治疗口腔溃疡、感冒咳嗽、皮肤瘙痒等疾病。
这些蜂产品都具有中医药健康养生文化的内涵,可以帮助人们保持健康、预防疾病。
同时,它们也具有丰富的营养价值,可以为人体提供所需的营养元素。
在日常生活中,我们可以根据自己的需要选择合适的蜂产品进行食用或药用。
最新医学发现:蜂产品是糖尿病的克星!
最新医学发现:蜂产品是糖尿病的克星!蜂产品为天然绿色食品。
人类养蜂历史悠久,早从西周时期就有记载。
《神龙本草经》、《本草纲目》中更把蜂产品视为一种良药。
所以,蜂产品的医疗辅助价值近年来逐渐被人们所认识和喜爱。
尤其是在高血糖、糖尿病的辅助治疗方面,蜂产品简直就是它们的克星。
蜂王浆专治糖尿病蜂王浆中有丰富的类胰岛素样肽类,其分子量与牛胰岛素相同,而胰岛素是治疗糖尿病的特效药物,同时蜂王浆能促进蛋白质合成,使糖尿病患者血糖下降,尿糖减少,可以很大程度的减轻糖尿病的症状。
更重要蜂王浆可以促使细胞再生,可能有利于胰岛细胞本身的恢复,从而有望达到真正控制血糖,根治糖尿病的效果。
蜂王浆治疗糖尿病在临床上,目前较为普遍。
例如:辽宁卫生职工医学院花美君等《蜂王浆治疗Ⅱ型β糖尿病临床观察》(1994年):用蜂王浆治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病38例,取得满意疗效。
观察病例:男32例,女6例。
年龄38-65岁,平均52岁。
病程3个月-5年,平均2.4年。
空腹血糖7.1-8.3mmol/L12例,8.31-13mmol/L24例,>13mmol/L2例。
均在饮食控制2周后症状未消失,血糖和尿糖未改变者。
服用方法:每日2次服用鲜王浆,每次10ml。
连服3个月(一疗程),同时治疗中依旧控制饮食。
结果:显效23例(60.5%),好转12例(31.3%),无效3例(7.8%),总有效率达91.8%。
糖尿病人是不是不能喝蜂蜜吗?众所周知,糖尿病病人最主要的障碍是胰岛功能障碍,胰岛素合成不足,但是蜂蜜中含有的大部分都是单糖,无需转化,而能够被人体直接吸收利用,因此糖尿病患者应该是可以服用蜂蜜的。
但是有个特别重要的前提是:必须是单纯自然的成熟蜂蜜蜂蜜可以有效改善人体微循环,提高人体免疫力,能够为糖尿病病人提供可靠的能量,促进细胞的再生,因此服用适量的蜂蜜是有助于糖尿病患者病情的控制和恢复的。
当然,这种成熟蜂蜜,只有蜂农手上有,超市蜜绝对不行!蜂胶如何达到降血糖的作用?糖尿病是病毒阻碍胰腺机能,使胰岛素分泌能力降低所造成的。
蜂产品在不同领域中的应用探究
蜂产品在不同领域中的应用探究蜂产品,是指蜂蜜、蜂胶、蜂蜡、花粉等由蜜蜂生产的物质。
在人类文明的发展历程中,蜂产品一直以其丰富的营养成分和医疗保健功能而备受推崇。
蜂产品在不同领域中的应用也是非常广泛的,涵盖了食品行业、保健品行业、化妆品行业、医药行业等多个领域。
本文将从食品保健、化妆品、医药领域三个方面探讨蜂产品在不同领域中的应用情况。
一、蜂产品在食品保健领域的应用蜂蜜是蜜蜂采集花粉和植物分泌物经过加工形成的一种食品,富含多种维生素、矿物质和氨基酸,被誉为“液体黄金”。
蜂蜜在食品保健领域有着广泛的应用。
蜂蜜可以直接食用,不仅具有甜美可口的味道,还能够增强人体的免疫力,对于改善人体体质和健康状况有着显著的作用。
蜂蜜还可以作为食品添加剂,用于烘焙、糕点制作等食品生产过程中,不仅能够提高产品的口感和品质,还能够增加产品的营养价值。
蜂蜜还可以用于饮料制作,比如蜂蜜柚子茶、蜂蜜水等,不仅口感独特,而且还具有清热解暑、滋润嗓子等功效,因此备受消费者喜爱。
除了蜂蜜,蜂胶也是食品保健领域中的重要产品之一。
蜂胶富含多种活性成分,具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒、增强免疫力等功效。
蜂胶被广泛应用于保健品领域,生产各种蜂胶口服液、蜂胶软胶囊等产品,用于增强人体的免疫力、改善体质、延缓衰老等。
蜂产品中的花粉也是一种营养丰富的食品,富含多种氨基酸、维生素、矿物质等,被誉为“天然维生素库”。
花粉可以直接食用,也可以作为保健品的原料,生产多种综合营养品,具有补充人体营养、增强体质的作用。
蜂产品在食品保健领域中具有丰富的应用前景,不仅可以制作多种美味的食品,还能够为人体提供丰富的营养和保健功效,因此备受消费者的喜爱。
蜂产品在化妆品领域中也有着广泛的应用。
蜂蜜因其丰富的营养成分和保湿效果,在化妆品中被广泛应用于护肤品的配方中。
蜂蜜可以作为面膜、面霜、乳液等护肤品的原料,具有滋润肌肤、深层清洁、抗氧化等多种功效,备受消费者喜爱。
蜂蜡也是化妆品中常见的原料,由于其良好的增稠、乳化和保湿性能,可以用于唇膏、护手霜、润唇膏等产品的生产中,使产品更加易于涂抹和延展,提高产品的质感和使用体验。
蜂疗“治未病”的蜂产品保健作用探讨
2020年8月蜜蜂产品蜂疗保健蜂疗“治未病”的蜂产品保健作用探讨李万瑶1方芳1黄瑞聪2黄瑞迎3|文1广州中医药大学;2阳江市中医医院;3中山市坦洲中医院蜂疗保健范围广泛,作用显著。
在中医“治未病”思想的指导下,应用蜂疗对促进人们养生延年、预防保健有重要的意义。
蜂疗作为“治未病”的中医技术,以其独特的优势在中医预防保健服务体系中贯穿“未病先防”、”既病防变”、“搓后防复”三个环节,能够很好地防止疾病的发生。
蜂疗在“治未病”领域应用十分广阔,具有很好前景。
发展蜂疗事业是蜂疗工作者义不容辞的责任,要认识蜂疗在中医“治未病”中的应用,使蜂疗在预防保健治疗领域发挥更大的作用。
一、蜂疗在中医保健“治未病”的方面有着重要作用中医“治未病”思想最早见于《黄帝内经》。
《素问•四气调神大论》指出:“圣人不治已病治未病,不治已乱治未乱,此之谓也。
”中医“治未病”的主导思想和养生保健方法正好切合了现代人对健康的需求。
在国家倡导下,我们正在充分发挥中医“治未病”的特色和优势,努力构建中医特色明显、技术适宜、形式多样、服务规范的预防保健服务体系。
蜂疗种类多(见表1),功效全,范围广,一方面是利用各种口服蜂产品(蜂蜜、蜂王浆、蜂胶、蜂花粉、蜂蛹等),另一方面是用外用的蜂针、蜂毒、蜂蜡等防治保健,与中医经络理论相结合,用于人类的保健与疾病的治疗。
自古以来,蜂疗在中国传统医学和民间医疗、疾病预防保健中都占据重要地位。
科学地进行蜂疗,能获得有效预防保健的效果。
蜂疗的产品较多,有不同的性味、功效和特点,可以从不同的机制发挥“治未病”的作用。
许多蜂产品都属于食药同源的产品,安全性良好。
其中最为人们熟知的蜂蜜,就是预防保健的典范。
《神农本草经》云:蜂蜜“安五脏,益气补中,止痛解毒,除百病,和百药,久服轻身延年。
”《本草纲目》将蜂蜜视为上品,指出其作用“和营卫,润脏腑,通三焦,调脾胃。
”例如人们在服抗菌素时,常会有脾胃功能不和,腹痛便秘现象,而提前用蜂蜜护脾胃就能表1蜂产品保健与功效表分类蜂产品性味作用与功效蜂蜜味甘,性平健脾养胃,疏肝解郁,补中益气,燥滑肠,解毒生肌缓急止痛,润采制物蜂花粉性微温,味甘,品种不同味有异补气养血,护肤养颜,宁心调神,肝护肝,抗衰延年补肾益精,保蜂胶味苦、辛,性寒解毒生肌,洁肤杀虫,防腐止痛蜂王浆味甘酸,微涩性平补气生血,滋肾补虚,保肝护肝,益智安神,容养颜,延年益寿,护肤消斑,祛皱润肤美分泌物蜂毒味辛、苦,性平调节免疫,活血化瘀,通经止痛,-泻实除湿蜂巢,蜂蜡味甘,微咸涩性平,微温,无毒通经解郁,祛风,通鼻窍、解毒,抗过敏杀虫,止痛,蜂针调节免疫,通经活络,活血化瘀,正袪邪,调节脏腑,协调阴阳理气止痛,扶自身物体蜂王胎,蜂幼虫、蜂子味甘,性平、微咸性微寒健脾和胃、益气生津,益寿延年,心安神,美容养颜补虚滋阴,养蜂蛹味甘咸,性平健脾补气,养肾滋阴蜂体味甘,性平,微寒袪风,除湿,健脾,通络APICULTURE OF CHINA2020年8月蜜蜂产品蜂疗保健43表2蜂疗部分产品用于未病先防作用蜂产品防病功效未病先防的应用蜂蜜补中健脾胃,疏肝解郁,抗疲劳,润燥解毒脾干体弱,肝郁气滞,大便秘结,营养不良,轻身壮体,蜂花粉补虚,益气养血,驻颜美容,润肤通络防止贫血、增体力、抗疲劳,体倦乏力,失眠、健忘,眩晕,防色斑,防前列腺肥大、前列腺炎等蜂胶清热解毒,消炎消肿辅助降糖、降脂,化瘀止痛,牙痛,无名肿毒,疖肿欲起蜂王浆补气血,养阴助阳,安五脏,抗疲劳,护肤美容体质虚弱,易疲劳,营养不良,调节血糖、血脂,抗衰老,抗氧化,防外感,失眠、健忘,头晕,月经不调等蜂针、蜂毒通经络、止疼痛经络、血瘀闭阻,风湿痹痛,免疫紊乱等蜂巢、蜂蜡通窍,温通经络鼻塞、鼻痒、关节肌肉疼痛等蜂蛹、蜂幼虫健脾补气,养肾滋阴治风头,除蛊毒,补虚羸,脾胃中伤,面色无华等减轻疾病的发生。
蜂产品在日常生活中的小妙用
蜂产品在日常生活中的小妙用
分享一些蜂产品在我们生活中的小妙用,简单易行且很有效果。
蜂王浆消炎、止痛、促进伤口愈合:蜂王浆中的王浆酸有抗菌、消炎、止痛的作用,可抑制大肠杆菌、化脓球菌、表皮癣菌、结核杆菌等十余种细菌生长。
医学临床上用王浆和蜂蜜配制成外用沙条,用于烫伤、冻伤、外科于肛科创面,其止痛、消炎,改善创面血循环及营养等效果明显优于凡士林等外用沙条。
日常如果不小心出现磨破皮或出现伤口,可用蜂王浆均匀涂抹于伤口处,刚开始会有些疼,但是效果极其的好,伤口好的非常快。
把蜂胶与白酒混合制成蜂胶液,
外涂治疗带状疱疹,一些皮肤病、真菌癣都有十分理想的效果。
民间有一个治疗鼻炎的偏方,就是咀嚼蜜蜂的巢脾,每天嚼食少量的蜜蜂巢脾,连续嚼食一段时间后,即可把多年的鼻炎治愈,效果颇佳。
其实,在蜜蜂的巢脾中,含有一定量的蜂胶,嚼食巢脾能治疗鼻炎的机理可能与蜂胶有关。
蜂胶具有麻醉、止痛、消炎等作用,在牙疼时.滴上几滴蜂胶浓缩液,可以在短时间内起到缓解疼痛,解除痛苦的效果,并能随着治疗,逐步把牙疼解除。
蜂蜜成分中含有果糖和葡糖糖,它可以促进酒精的分解吸收,因
此有利于快速醒酒,并解除饮酒后的头痛感。
用法:饮酒前吃50克蜂蜜或几块涂蜂蜜的饼干面包,酒后饮蜂蜜水。
便秘的话每日早餐后和晚餐前服用1匙量花粉和2勺蜂蜜,坚持服用必有效果。
这些蜂产品,可以帮助你赶走心脑血管疾病!
这些蜂产品,可以帮助你赶走心脑血管疾病!心脑血管疾病是心脏血管和脑血管疾病的统称,泛指由于高脂血症、血液黏稠、动脉粥样硬化、高血压等所导致的心脏、大脑及全身组织发生的缺血性或出血性疾病。
心脑血管疾病具有高患病率、高致残率和高死亡率的特点,全球每年约有1500万人死于心脑血管,其中在中国,每年有300多万人死于心脑血管疾病,平均每8秒死亡1人。
然而,国内外的临床实践表明,在心脑血管病防治中,蜂蜜、蜂胶等蜂产品具有举足轻重的作用。
今天,小蜂就来为大家介绍蜂产品防治心脑血管疾病的原理和用法,蜂友们请好好收藏。
蜂蜜研究表明:蜂蜜可以营养心肌,并改善心肌的代谢功能,使血红蛋白增加、心血管舒张,清除自由基,保证冠状血管的血液循环正常。
此外,便秘患者在排便过程中需要屏气用力,此时,全身肌肉紧张、血管收缩导致血压骤升,容易导致脑血管破裂,诱发脑出血、脑梗塞等。
而蜂蜜具有显著的润肠通便作用,常服蜂蜜,可以有效避免便秘诱发心脑血管疾病。
用法:每天早晚喝一杯蜂蜜水。
蜂花粉蜂花粉富含不饱和脂肪酸、磷脂、膳食纤维等,对防治心脑血管疾病有重要意义。
其中,不饱和脂肪酸能够降低胆固醇和血液中的脂肪;磷脂能分解过高的血脂和胆固醇,清扫血管,使血管循环顺畅;膳食纤维能缩短脂肪通过肠道的时间,同时能抑制胆固醇的吸收,有利于降低血胆固醇和甘油三酯的含量。
用法:每天空腹服用5-10g蜂花粉。
蜂胶蜂胶被誉为“血管清道夫”,在所有的蜂产品中,蜂胶对心脑血管的防治效果也是最明显的。
蜂胶中富含大量的黄酮类、萜烯类成分,具有软化血管、改善血液循环、降血糖、降血脂、降血压的作用,能够有效清除血管内壁积存物,防治血栓、出血、动脉硬化、冠心病等心脑血管疾病。
而且,蜂胶还能使心脏收缩力增强,呼吸加深,调节血压和血脂。
用法:每天饭前服用1粒蜂胶胶囊。
蜂王浆蜂王浆中至少含有26种脂肪酸,其中的王浆酸、亚油酸、花生酸等具有明显的降血脂、降血压和软化血管等作用。
蜂产品在不同领域中的应用探究
蜂产品在不同领域中的应用探究蜂产品自古以来就被人类广泛应用于医疗保健、美容养生、食品营养等领域。
蜂蜜、蜂王浆、蜂胶等蜂产品,以其丰富的营养成分和独特的保健功效,深受人们的喜爱。
本文将从医药保健、美容养生、食品营养三个方面来探究蜂产品在不同领域中的应用情况。
一、医药保健领域蜂产品在医药保健领域应用广泛,主要包括蜂蜜、蜂王浆、蜂胶等产品。
蜂蜜被誉为“液体黄金”,含有多种氨基酸、矿物质和维生素,具有很好的食疗功效。
蜂王浆含有丰富的蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素等营养成分,被认为是一种珍贵的营养品,具有增强人体免疫力、延缓衰老的作用。
蜂胶具有抗菌、抗炎、消炎、抗氧化等多种功效,被广泛应用于治疗感冒、咽喉炎、牙龈炎等疾病。
在现代医学研究中,也发现了许多蜂产品的独特药用价值。
比如蜂毒素被发现具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、解痉作用,被广泛用于治疗风湿病、类风湿关节炎等疾病。
蜜蜂的蜂毒也可用于治疗慢性疼痛、神经痛、皮肤病等。
蜂产品还可以制作成各种保健品,如蜂产品口服液、蜂产品软胶囊等,在提高人体免疫力、调节内分泌系统、延缓细胞老化等方面都有良好效果。
二、美容养生领域蜂产品在美容养生领域也有着重要的应用价值。
蜂蜜含有丰富的葡萄糖、果糖、维生素、矿物质等营养成分,具有润肤保湿、排毒养颜、美白嫩肤等功效,被广泛用于美容护肤产品中。
蜂王浆则被誉为“营养皇后”,含有丰富的蛋白质、氨基酸和维生素,可以有效改善皮肤质地,增强皮肤弹性,延缓肌肤衰老。
蜂胶也被广泛应用于美容产品中,其神奇的抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎能力,可以有效保护皮肤免受外界环境的侵害,延缓皮肤老化。
而蜂毒素则因其促进血液循环、促进新陈代谢的作用,也被越来越多的美容品牌引入到护肤产品中,具有祛斑美白、紧致肌肤、淡化皱纹等功效。
三、食品营养领域蜂产品在食品营养领域应用广泛,不仅可以作为天然的食品添加剂,还可以用于制作各种保健品和营养品。
蜂蜜可用于调味、甜饼烘焙、果酱制作等食品工业中,并且因其含有丰富的营养成分,成为人们日常饮食不可或缺的一部分。
蜂产品与其它保健品的区别
蜂产品与其它保健品的区别
很多有蓝帽子的保健品,在民间都是昙花一现,早些年的三株口服液”、中华鳖精”等都早已从市场消失。
而蜂产品从古至今却能长盛不衰,其奥秘何在?今天就与大家一起探讨——蜂产品与其它保健品的区别。
自古以来蜂产品就是绿色、天然滋补品。
随着科技的进步,人民
生活水平的提高,蜂产品的医疗保健功效越来越被人们所认识和喜爱,受益人群不断增加。
它是经得起时间检验的传统保健品,在很多方面都是普通保健品不可媲美的。
(1)天然时尚——蜂产品是在朴素的大自然中生长。
人也是如此,医药保健行业最终要从朴实的自然界寻找医食同源的治病良方和养生长寿之谜。
人类重新认识蜂产品的价值将推进人类对大自然界的关注程度,天然产品取代合成产品重新成为时尚。
(2)珍贵稀有——蜂产品不同于一般保健品,产量上有很大局限性,可以说这是一个靠天吃饭的行业,气候适宜,产量正常,气候异常,产量下降甚至绝收,因此不可能有大量优质产品供应,十分珍贵。
特别是蜂胶,被誉为“紫色黄金”,每年产量也就300吨。
(3)高度浓缩——蜂产品服用量很小,就能起到明显的营养保健效果,并极易被身体吸收,不产生体内垃圾,促进正常的新陈代谢,平衡调节全身各个器官。
(4)经济实惠——蜂产品相对于一些深加工的保健品更为便宜,“不吸烟,少饮酒”剩下的钱都用不完,为一般百姓所接受。
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ARI BİLİMİ / BEE SCIENCE 136U. Arı Drg. Kasım 2012 / U Bee J. November, 12 (4): 136-146MEDICAL IMPORTANCE OF BEE PRODUCTSAri Ürünlerinin Tibbi Önemi(Genişletilmiş Türkçe Özet Makalenin Sonunda Verilmiştir )Ahmed G. HEGAZINational Research Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptABSTRACTApitherapy had been well documented in traditional medicine for treating systemic immune diseases, allergic diseases, viral diseases and organic-specific inflammatory diseases since more than one thousand years. Apitherapy or the medical uses of honeybee products are ranged from royal jelly to bee venom. It was used by the ancient Egyptians as a homeopathic remedy for arthritis. The history of apitherapy extends back to ancient Egypt, China and Greece. Apitherapy (the term comes from the Latin apis, which means "bee."), or bee therapy. Bee venom, bee pollen, raw honey, royal jelly, wax, propolis, and bee bread are products from bees that are generally considered to have medicinal effects. These products are effective against a wide range of ailments, from arthritis and chronic pain to multiple sclerosis and cancer, although few scientific studies have proved their benefits.Key words: Bee venom, Bee pollen, Honey, Royal jelly, Wax, Propolis, Bee bread, Medical importanceINTRODUCTION:Apitherapy (the term comes from the Latin apis, which means "bee."), or bee therapy, is the use of honeybee venom for therapeutic purposes. Bee venom, bee pollen, raw honey, royal jelly, wax, propolis, and bee bread are products from bees that are generally considered to have medicinal effects. Bee venom (BV) has been used traditional-ly for the control of pain and inflammation in variouschronic inflammatory diseases, including rheuma-toid arthritis (RA) in Oriental medicine. Today, med-ical importance of honeybee products has been taken the interest of medical and biologist scien-tists. The medical importance of bee products was dis-cussed here to prove this effectiveness of such products. Propolis, the resinous product collected by honey bees from plants, is used as folk medicine since ancient time. PropolisDuring the last ten years, immunoregulatory andanti-inflammatory properties of propolis have beenpublished. The therapeutic characteristics ofpropolis have been well known for a very long time.It has been used in folk medicine for different na-tions as early in Egypt as 3000 BC (Hegazi, 1998).It has recently become a subject of increasing in-terest for chemists and biologists. It had variousbiological and therapeutic activities.Propolis possesses variable biological activities: antiviral activity of Egyptian propolis was investigat-ed by Hegazi, and Abd El Hady, (1993, 1995, 1997, 2001 2003 and 2004), antibacterial (Hegazi et al., 2000; Hegazi and Abd El Hady, 2002-b); fungicidal (Hegazi et al., 2000-b). The effectiveness of propolis against Salmonella spp. and Listeria spp (Gomes et al., 2011), Enterococcus faecalis (Kayaoglu et al., 2011), plaque and gingivitis (Perei-ra et al., 2011) and acute otitis media (Marchisio etal., 2010); antioxidant (Krol et al., 1996; Basnet et al., 1997, Hegazi and Abd El Hady, 2002- a), anti-inflammatory (Marcucci, 1995), antitumor activities(Matsuno, 1995 and Hegazi et al., 1998). Oxidation of lipids is assumed to be implicated inthe pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. It has been suggested that scavenging of lipid peroxyl radicals contributes to the ant atherosclerotic effects of nat-urally occurring compounds such as polyphenol compounds. These compounds are capable ofinhibiting lipoprotein oxidation in vitro and suppress-ing formation of plasma lipid oxidation products invivo (Stocker et al., 2004). Therefore, inhibition ofLDL oxidation might be an important step in pre-venting atherosclerosis. Humans protect them-selves from reactive oxygen species, in part, byabsorbing dietary antioxidants (Kamiya et al.,2004). This group of polyphenolics includes flavo-noids, phenolic acids and their esters and are pre-sent in relatively high concentrations inpropolisARI BİLİMİ / BEE SCIENCEUludağ Arıcılık Dergis Kasım 2012 / Uludag Bee Journal Novem ber 2012, 12 (4): 136-146137(Greenaway et al., 1990, Abd El-Hady and Hegazi, 2002-a; Hegazi and Abd El Hady (2008). Also propolis has activation of cytokines Hegazi (2009-b).Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is an active component of honeybee propolis extracts. It has several positive effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, and immunomodulatory effects. In par-ticular, the suppressive effect of NF-kappaB may disrupt a component of allergic induction (Jung et al., 2008).The detailed mechanisms of actions of propolis and its components on immune cells, however, are still unknown. Inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress have a central role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (Büyükberber et al., 2009). Propolis has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects.Turkish propolis samples were evaluated the immunomodulatory effect (Büyükberber et al., 2009) by using the in vitro model of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, neopterin, tryptophan, kynurenine and pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma (Girgin et al., 2009). Propolis has beneficial influences and could be able to antagonize aluminium chloride (AlCl 3) toxicity (Newairy et al., 2009; Türkez et al., 2010). The effectiveness of propolis in alleviating the toxicity of propetamphos on hematological and biochemical parameters in rats (Cetin et al., 2010). The possible radioprotective effects of propolis constituents (caffeic acid, chrysin and naringin) on gamma-irradiated human white blood cells. The polyphenolic components of propolis were able to reduce the number of necrotic cells and diminishing the levels of primary and more complex cytogenetic DNA damage in white blood cells (Benkovic et al., 2009).Bee PollenBee Pollen is one of the richest and purest natural foods ever discovered, and the incredible nutritional and medicinal value of pollen has been known for centuries. The exact chemical composition of pollen gathered depends on which plants the worker bees are gathering the pollen from. Bee pollen rejuve-nates our body, stimulates organs and glands, en-hances vitality, and brings about a longer life span. It has been used to enhance energy, memory and performance, although there is no scientific evi-dence that it does. Bee pollen is also taken to pre-vent hay fever.Researchers have demonstrated that there are several substances in bee pollen that inhibits the development of numerous harmful bacteria Basim et al., (2006), Özkalp and Özcan (2010), Abouda et al., 2011 and Graikou et al. (2011). Experiments have shown bee pollen contains an antibiotic factor effective against Salmonella and some strains of bacteria. On the clinical level, studies have shown that a regulatory effect on intestinal function can be attributed to bee pollen. The presences of a high proportion of cellulose and fiber in pollen, as well as the existence of antibiotic factors, all contribute to an explanation for this efficacious effect. It is re-ported that bee pollen in the diet acts to normalize cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood: a reduction of cholesterol and triglycerides was ob-served (Al-Shagrawi (1998). Selmanoğlu et al., (2009). High-density lipoproteins (HDL) increased, while low-density lipoproteins (LDL) decreased. Bee pollen stimulates the metabolic processes leading weight-loss. It speeds caloric burn by light-ing and stoking the metabolic fires (Cheng et al., 2009). Bee pollen is an excellent prophylaxis and therapeutic treatment against all the precocious symptoms of old age. It should be considered a universal geriatric treatment in the form of a natural remedy.Bee pollen causes an increase in physical and mental abilities, especially of concentration and memory ability, activates sluggish metabolic func-tions, and strengthens the cardiovascular and res-piratory systems. Matkovic et al., (2010) investigat-ed the efficacy and safety of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). The study revealed a significant number of positive signals indicating the therapeutic effectiveness of the HMC in patients with SAR. Also pollen activates cyto-kines (Hegazi, 2010). A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted by Kawase et al., (2009) to examine the effectiveness of Lactobacil-lus GG (LGG) and L. gasseri TMC0356 (TMC0356) in alleviating Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP), a seasonal allergic rhinitis caused by Japanese cedar pollen.Royall JelyRoyal jelly (RJ) is secreted from the salivary glands of worker bees, serves as food for all young larvae and as the only food for larvae that will develop into queen bees. It is taken extensively to promote en-ARI BİLİMİ / BEE SCIENCE138 U. Arı Drg. Kasım 2012 / U Bee J. November, 12 (4): 136-146ergy and good health. Also it contains around 15% aspartic acid, which is important for tissue growth, muscle and cell regeneration.It contains a mix of vitamins, minerals, proteins and fatty acids, along with acid glycosides and sterols. It contains approximately 12% protein with 5-6% li-pids and 12-15% carbohydrates. Half of the dry weight of royal jelly is made of protein. It has 17 amino acids including all 8 essential amino acids. Its B vitamin content is high. 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10HDA), a major fatty acid compo-nent of RJ (Kim and Lee, (2010); Ito et al., (2012), is known to have various pharmacological effects: vascular endothelial growth factor induced prolifera-tion, migration and tube formation in human umbili-cal vein endothelial cells (Izuta et al., 2009), antimi-crobial, antitumor, antihypertensive, and immunoregulatory activity. Additionally, effects on lipid profile, insulin-like action, and neurological and estrogenic effects have been demonstrated. How-ever, clinical trials are lacking/royal jell activate cytokines (Hegazi, 2010), liver damage (Kanbur et al., 2009).(RJ) has several physiological effects and is widely used in commercial medical products and health foods. RJ is known as a functional food containing many useful minerals. Nakaya et al., (2007) found an anti-environmental estrogen activity of RJ. Bisphenol a (BPA) is an environmental estrogen that stimulates proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. RJ inhibited the growth-promoting effect of BPA on MCF-7 cells, even though it did not affect the proliferation of cells in the absence of BPA. In addition, this inhibiting effect of royal jelly was heat-stable.Kamakura et al., (2001) found that royal jelly can ameliorate the physical fatigue after exercise, and this antifatigue effect of royal jelly in mice seems to be associated with the freshness of royal jelly, pos-sibly with the content of 5 7-kDa protein. Also it used as dietary supplementation to decrease serum lipoprotein metabolism in humans (Guo et al., 2009). RJ was shown to exhibit immunomodulatory properties. Addition to IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10, antigen-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by spleen cells from ovalbumin (OVA)/Alum-immunized mice is inhibited by the administration of royal jelly (RJ). Since it has been shown that both Th1 and Th2 cytokines play pathogenic roles in the generation of atopic dermatitis (AD), Taniguchi et al., (2003) suggested that royal jelly suppresses the development of atopic dermatitis –like skin le-sions in PiCl-treated NC/Nga mice, possibly by a combination of down-regulating TNP-specific IFN-gamma production and up-regulating iNOS expres-sion.Argentinean researchers Lamberti and Cornejo, (1975) discovered that royal jelly contains globulinic acid (gamma globulin), which works like an antibi-otic, increasing resistance to bacteria and viruses. Also they documented that important element in royal jelly which slow down the aging process and which appear to lower blood and liver fats and cho-lesterol levels in animals and normalize LDL and HDL levels in humans.RJ prevented the myelosupression induced by the temporal evolution of the tumor and abrogated the splenic haematopoiesis observed in EAT-bearing mice. The stimulating effect of RJ was also ob-served in vitro on the multipotent bone marrow stem cells (Bincoletto et al., 2005).Blum et al., (1959) found that 10-Hydroxy-Delta (2)-decenoic acid, the major component of the lipid fraction of royal jelly, exhibits antibiotic activity against many bacteria and fungi. This fatty acid is less than one-fourth as active as penicillin against Micrococcus pyogenes and less than one-fifth as active as chlortetracycline against Escherichia coli . It also slows the growth rate of Neurospora sitophila and some unidentified molds. Boukraâ et al, (2009) concluded that the effectiveness of RJ against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . Their findings suggest that combined mixture of RJ and starch could be used to treat infections that are resistant to conventional drugs, at a lower cost. RJ exhibited an antimicrobial action (Boukraa, 2008) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) In C3H/HeJ mice that were fed a dietary supplement of RJ for 16 weeks, the levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative stress, were significantly reduced in kidney DNA and serum.These results indicated that dietary RJ increased the average life span of C3H/HeJ mice, possibly through the mechanism of reduced oxidative dam-age (Inoue et al., 2003). Nomura et al., (2007) found that RJ treatment resulted in significant re-duction of the sympathetic nerve-mediated vaso-constrictor response to periarterial nerve stimulation (PNS) and potentiation of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) nerve-mediated vasodilator response to PNS, compared with that in untreated OLETF rats.ARI BİLİMİ / BEE SCIENCEUludağ Arıcılık Dergis Kasım 2012 / Uludag Bee Journal Novem ber 2012, 12 (4): 136-146 139Royal jelly promoted collagen production by skin fibroblasts in the presence of ascorbic acid-2-O-alpha-glucoside (AA-2G). Koya-Miyata et al., (2004) found that 10H2DA and 10-hydroxydecanoic acid increased the collagen production in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, 10H2DA induced the fibroblast cell line, NHDF, to produce transform-ing growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) which is an important factor for collagen production. Hattori et al., (2007) stated that the royal jelly facilitates the differentiation of all types of brain cells (neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes). On the other hand, 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid (HDEA), an unsaturated fatty acid characteristic of RJ, in-creased the generation of neurons and decreased that of astrocytes from NSCs.Takaki-Doi (2009) found the long-lasting hypoten-sive effect of oral administration of royal jelly protein hydrolysate (RJPH) is dependent on the MWs of its ACE inhibitory peptides and the time required di-gesting them. Calli et al., (2008) suggested that royal jelly is effective in increasing healing of tym-panic membrane perforations in guinea pigs. Abdelatif et al., (2008) study the effectiveness and safety of PedyPhar® Ointment (a new ointment prepared from natural royal jelly and panthenol in an ointment base) in the treatment of patients with limb-threatening diabetic foot infections. Bee VenomApis mellifera L . bee venom is the most studied hymenoptera allergen. Allergologists seek evidence of the effectiveness of bee venom immunotherapy as this approach is the chosen treatment for sys-temic allergic reactions. The effectiveness of venom immunotherapy in bee venom (BV) allergy has been well established over the past 30 years. Gold-berg and Confino-Cohen (2010) concluded that bee venom immunotherapy is effective in most patients immediately after the conventional maintenance dose has been reached. In the minority of patients who are not protected with this dose, an increased maintenance dose will provide appropriate protec-tion immediately after it is achieved. Thus, the dos-age of the maintenance dose seems to be the ma-jor factor affecting protection from re-stings rather than the accumulated venom dose or the duration on the maintenance dose. Venom immunotherapy high effectively may be responsible for local and systemic allergic reactions. There is a good theoret-ical basis for believing that purified aqueous and purified aluminium hydroxide adsorbed (so-called depot) extracts, commercially available in Europe,have the potential to reduce the incidence of venom immunotherapy side effects (Bilò et al., 2010).Münstedt et al., (2010) collected data on the expe-rience of beekeepers that underwent desensitiza-tion and continued beekeeping. They concluded that this study is the first to provide data on the experience of beekeepers who continue their activi-ty after desensitization. Their results show that desensitization can result in a complete absence of symptoms after re-exposure to bee stings. The effect of bee venom on human basophils in vitro has not been studied in detail for many reasons, including the paucity of basophils in peripheral blood, inter-individual basophil response variability and the reliability and predictability of basophil acti-vation tests. Chirumbolo et al., (2011) conducted a brief preliminary survey of the effect of Apis bee venom on healthy asymptomatic (non-allergic) sub-jects.A dose of an aqueous commercial extract of Apis bee venom as high as 10 µg/mL activated resting basophils (CD63=+80–90%, CD203c=+30%), while it inhibited the expression of CD63 (-50%) following basophil stimulation by the soluble agonists formyl-Met-Leu-Phe or anti-IgE. The activation of resting basophils appeared to be dose-related. Only when basophils were activated with an IgE-mediated agonist, did bee venom extract exhibit a possible priming mechanism at the lowest doses used only via CD63, while it was ineffective via CD203c. Autocrine interleukin-3 may play a role in the ob-served biphasic behavior.Bee venom (BV), well known as a traditional Orien-tal medicine, has been shown to exhibit anti-arthritic and anti-carcinogenic effects. However, the mo-lecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of BV have not been elucidat-ed in microglia. Moon et al., (2007) investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of BV and its major compo-nent, melittin (MEL), on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia. Their findings indicate that BV and MEL exert anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the transcription of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 genes and proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and tumor ne-crosis factor (TNF)-alpha. These results demon-strate that BV and MEL possess a potent suppres-sive effect on proinflammatory responses of BV2 microglia and suggest that these compounds may offer substantial therapeutic potential for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases that are accompa-nied by microglial activation.ARI BİLİMİ / BEE SCIENCE140U. Arı Drg. Kasım 2012 / U Bee J. November, 12 (4): 136-146Yun and Sun, (2010) assessed the effectiveness of apipuncture treatment for central post-stroke pain for this study two female subjects with central post-stroke pain were treated with apipuncture. They found that both patients experienced a reduction in the intensity of pain after receiving apipuncture treatment without adverse effects. Bee venom (BV) acupuncture (BVA) involves injecting diluted BV into acupoints and is used for arthritis, pain, and rheumatoid diseases. Lee et al., (2012) evaluated the evidence for the effectiveness of BVA in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain.Bee venom acupuncture involves injecting diluted BV into acupoints and is used for arthritis, pain, and rheumatoid diseases. A meta-analysis produced suggestive evidence for the effectiveness of BVA in musculoskeletal pain management. There is insuffi-cient evidence to allow people with MS, clinicians or policy makers to make informed decisions on the appropriate use of the many treatments on offer. Only amantadine appears to have some proven ability to alleviate the fatigue in MS, though only a proportion of users will obtain benefit and then only some of these patients will benefit sufficiently to take the drug in the long term (Brañas et al., 2000). Bee venom acupuncture (BVA) is growing in pop-ularity, and is used primarily for pain relief in many kinds of diseases. Lee et al., (2005) evaluate the available evidence of BVA for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The anti-inflammation and anal-gesic actions of BVA were proved in various kinds of animal arthritic models. Two randomized con-trolled trials and three uncontrolled clinical trials showed that BVA was effective in the treatment of arthritis.Bee venom (BV) has been used in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, a condition characterized by rheumatoid joint destruction mediated, in large part, by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Nah et al., (2008) investigated the effects of melittin, a major component of bee venom, on the production of MMPs in human rheumatoid arthritic fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Mellitin had no effect on IL-1beta- or TNF-alpha-induced MMP1 or MMP3 pro-duction and did not decrease LPS-induced secre-tion of MMP1. Hadjipetrou-Kourounakis and Yiangou (1988) suggest that in vivo honey bee venom treatment affects the production of IL-1 by macrophages directly.An anti-inflammatory effect of BV in osteoarthritis both in vivo and in vitro was demonstrated. Gluta-mate is the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Changes in glutamate release and uptake due to alterations in the activity of glutamate transporters have been reported in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lee et al., (2012) assess if BV can prevent glutamate-mediated neu-rotoxicity, they examined cell viability and signal transduction in glutamate-treated neuronal and microglial cells in the presence and absence of BV. They induced glutamatergic toxicity in neuronal cells and microglial cells and found that BV protect-ed against cell death. Furthermore, BV significantly inhibited the cellular toxicity of glutamate, and pre-treatment with BV altered MAP kinase activation (e.g., JNK, ERK, and p38) following exposure to glutamate. These findings suggest that treatment with BV may be helpful in reducing glutamatergic cell toxicity in neurodegenerative diseases.Data obtained by Moon et al., (2007) indicated that BV and MEL possess a potent suppressive effect on proinflammatory responses; they suggest that these compounds may offer substantial therapeutic potential for treatment of neurodegenerative dis-eases that are accompanied by microglial activa-tion. Abd Raboo et al., (2008) found that bee ven-om is effective in treatment of psoriasis, with mini-mal tolerable side effects. Significant reduction in both PASI score and serum level of IL-1β was o b-served. Meiler et al., (2008) found after multiple bee stings, venom antigen-specific Th1 and Th2 cells show a switch toward interleukin (IL) 10-secreting type 1 T regulatory (Tr1) cells. Kim et al., (2008) found that bee venom. injected i.p at doses of more than 20 microl/100g mouse once a day for 14 days inhibited the ability of inguinal lymph node cells to produce T cell cytokines interleukin-1beta,-2,-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma. Extension of the intervals at which maintenance venom immunotherapy is administered has been attempted for many years. For that Goldberg and, Confino-Cohen (2007) examined whether the ad-ministration of a bee venom maintenance dose at 6-month intervals is safe and efficacious. They found the administration of maintenance venom immunotherapy at 6-month intervals does not pro-vide suitable protection in BV-allergic patients, and they should continue maintenance venom immuno-therapy at the accepted 1- to 3-month intervals. Hegazi (2009-a) reviewed the role of cytokines in bee venom therapy.ARI BİLİMİ / BEE SCIENCEUludağ Arıcılık Dergis Kasım 2012 / Uludag Bee Journal Novem ber 2012, 12 (4): 136-146 141The general pharmacological effects of bee venom and venom extracts on a range of physiological parameters of the central nervous system, diges-tive, cardiovascular and respiratory systems in ro-dents were investigated. A single clinical dose of bee venom was taken as 5 µg/kg when adminis-tered by intradermal or subcutaneous route to hu-man patients. Administered bee venom to mice, rats and rabbits in doses up to 200-fold was effec-tive clinical dose (i.e. 1,000 µg/kg). Treatment with whole bee venom (at a dose 200 times the recom-mended clinical dose) did not produce any signifi-cant effect on the central nervous system (as de-termined by general behavior, sleep induction time and duration, spontaneous activity, motor function, body temperature, or drug-induced convulsions). Bee venom was a potent antinociceptive agent without the side effects associated with many nar-cotic drugs. Bee venom treatment did not affect motor activity, intestinal peristaltic function or gas-tric function. Additionally, bee venom did not alter blood pressure and heart rate in rats nor respiratory rates in rabbits (Kim et al., 2004)The molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induced by BV in human breast cancer MCF7 cells were investigated (Siu-Wan et. al., 2008). BV induced morphological changes and inhibited the prolifera-tion of MCF7 cells; both effects occurred in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric anal-ysis demonstrated that BV induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and dysfunction of the mitochon drial membrane potential (¢…m), and led to cytochrome c release, an increase in the levels of caspase-9 and Poly (ADP-ribose) poly-merase (PARP) and then apoptosis. It also showed that BV induced S-phase arrest in MCF7 cells which may occur through the promotion of p53, p21, p27 and the exhibition of Cdk2.Western blotting demonstrated that BV reduced Bcl-2 and increased Bax protein levels which may have caused the changes of ¢…m. BV treatment led to ROS production up to but after treatment led to a decrease in the levels of ROS, which may be asso-ciated with the observations of BV affecting glutathion S-transferase (GST), Zn-superoxide dismutase (Zn-v SOD), Cu/Zn-superoxide dis-mutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and catalase. The Comet assay also showed that BV induced DNA damage while DAPI staining also confirmed that BV induced apoptosis in examined MCF7 cells. Our results also showed that BV increased the levels of AIF and EndoG in MCF7 cells. They concluded that the datademonstrated that BV induced apoptosis via a mi-tochondria-dependent pathway based on the changes of ¢…m, AIF and EndoG release in MCF7 cells. It has been previously reported that bee ven-om (BV) can induce apoptosis in many cancer cell lines, there is no information on the effect of BV on human cervical cancer cells and its molecular mechanisms of action are not fully elucidated.Sw et al., (2008) found that bee venom induced morphological changes and decreased the per-centage of viable Ca Ski cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. They demonstrated that BV-induced apoptosis occurs via a Fas receptor path-way involving mitochondrial-dependent pathways and is closely related to the level of cytoplasmic Ca 2+in Ca Ski cells. Also Sw et al., (2011) found those Bee venom-induced cytotoxic effects, produc-tions of reactive oxygen species and Ca 2+and the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) which were analyzed by flow cytometry. Bee venom treatment induces both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptotic death through in-tracellular Ca 2+-modulated intrinsic death pathway in human bladder cancer cells (TSGH-8301 cells). Bee venom-induced cell morphological changes and decreased cell viability through the induction of apoptosis in TSGH-8301 cell were found. Bee ven-om promoted the protein levels of Bax, caspase-9, caspase-3 and endonuclease G. The enhance-ments of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related pro-tein levels were shown in bee venom-provoked apoptosis of TSGH-8301 cells. Bee venom promot-ed the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, andcaspase-9, increased Ca 2+release and decreased the level of ΔΨm. Co -localization of immunofluo-rescence analysis showed the releases of endonu-clease G and apoptosis-inducing factor trafficking to nuclei for bee venom-mediated apoptosis.The images revealed evidence of nuclear conden-sation and formation of apoptotic bodies by 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and DNA gel electrophoresis showed the DNA fragmentation in TSGH-8301 cells.An anti-inflammatory effect of BV in osteoarthritis both in vivo and in vitro was demonstrated. Gluta-mate is the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Changes in glutamate release and uptake due to alterations in the activity of glutamate transporters have been reported in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lee et al., (2012)。