英语中,主谓宾定状补的含义

英语句子的成分共九类，其中最主要的句子成分包括：主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补语和同

c) Study the followi ng examples and un derl ine the subject in each sentence. Eg1. An earthquake has claimed hun dreds of lives.

Eg2. Whether the football game will be played depe nds on the weather.

Eg3. The ignorant can be fearless.

2.谓语(Predicate)用来描述主语的动作、状态或特征。

a)

位置：通常紧接着主语。

b) 可以作谓语的成分包括：动词、情态动词

+动词。 c) Study the followi ng examples and un derl ine the predicate in each senten ce.

Eg1. Life is full of ups and dow ns.

Eg2. You cannot con trol your life, but you can con trol your attitude towards life.

Eg3: In this day and age, an increasing number of people agree that gambling (赌博)is an un wholesome hobby. |

Eg1. Junk food impairs people ' s health.

Eg2. Change what you can bear, while bear what you cannot cha nge.

Eg3. Studies reveal that there is a definite link between obesity (肥胖症)and serious diseases such as heart attacks. |

4.表语（Predicative ）

a ）位置：位于be 动词或系动词 如：look, seem,详见《讲义》P8）

Eg1. Life is a stage.

Eg2. I feel un der the weather today.

Eg3. What we should do is to teach children how to distinguish good from bad (right from wron g).

5.定语（Attribute ）用来修饰名词或名词性词组。

a ）

位置：通常位于名词或名词性词组之前，有时也可放在之后

（I want something to eat ）。 b ）

可以作定语的成分包括：形容词 （最常用卜代词、数词、名

词、名词所有格、介词短语、

现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式和定语从句。

c）Study the followi ng examples and un derl ine the attribute in each sentence.

Eg1. A warm smile is the uni versal la nguage.

Eg2. In recent years, the Internet has bee n gaining in popularity at an amaz ing rate/ at light ning speed.

Eg3. Those who have spent some time earning a living or traveling to other places, have a broader view of life.

Eg1. Outdoor activities can greatly improve our health.

Eg2. Compared with the corresp onding period last year, imports in the first three mon ths have in creased by 10 per cent

Eg3. Whe n I was youn g, I was a troublemaker.

7. 补语（Complement）对于主语或宾语进行补充说明。

a）分

为主语补足语（补充说明主语的性质或状态）和宾语补足语（补充说明宾语的性质或状态）。

b）在雅思写作中，主要的宾补结构主要是双宾语结构。

c）Study the followi ng examples and un derl ine the compleme nt in each sentence.

Eg1. I regard you as my best friend.

Eg2. The graduates find the job market frustrati ng because of the econo mic recessi on.

Eg3. The adve nt of in formatio n age makes tech ni cal kno wledge more crucial tha n ever.

8. 同位语（Appositive）表明句子中的一个成分与另一成分表达同一概念，即A= B。

a）可以作同位语的成分包括：名词、代词、数词、形容词、介词短语、从句、动词不定式和现在分词。

b）Study the follow ing examples and un derl ine the appositive in each sentence.

Eg1. We should ask Jim, the mon itor, to be pun ctual.

Eg2. Job satisfaction, a very important part of an employee ' s sense of well-being （幸福，安宁）, can be promoted in most jobs.

Eg3. All coun tries, big or small, should be treated equal.