地球物理新方法(双语课)短语及翻译总结
地球物理方法英语作文
地球物理方法英语作文Title: The Application of Geophysical Methods in Earth Sciences。
Geophysical methods play a crucial role in Earth sciences, providing valuable insights into the composition, structure, and dynamics of the Earth's subsurface. From exploring natural resources to understanding geological hazards, these methods have diverse applications that contribute to various fields of study. In this essay, we will delve into the significance and applications of geophysical methods in Earth sciences.Firstly, seismic methods are widely utilized in Earth sciences for imaging subsurface structures and delineating geological features. Seismic reflection surveys involve sending seismic waves into the ground and analyzing the reflected waves to create images of subsurface layers. This technique is invaluable in oil and gas exploration, as well as in mapping sedimentary basins and fault zones. Seismictomography, another seismic method, utilizes seismic waves from natural or artificial sources to create three-dimensional images of the Earth's interior, aiding in understanding mantle dynamics and seismicity patterns.Electrical and electromagnetic methods are alsoessential tools in Earth sciences, particularly in delineating subsurface conductivity variations. Electrical resistivity surveys measure the resistance of thesubsurface to electrical currents, providing information about the distribution of rocks, minerals, and groundwater. This method is extensively used in mineral exploration, environmental studies, and groundwater resource assessments. Electromagnetic surveys, on the other hand, measure variations in the Earth's electromagnetic field caused by subsurface conductivity contrasts. This technique is valuable for mapping geological structures, detectingburied objects, and assessing the thickness of sedimentary deposits.Gravity and magnetic methods are employed toinvestigate variations in gravitational and magnetic fieldscaused by subsurface geological features. Gravity surveys measure minute variations in gravitational acceleration, which are influenced by density variations in the subsurface. This method is crucial for mapping subsurface structures such as faults, basins, and mineral deposits. Magnetic surveys detect anomalies in the Earth's magnetic field caused by magnetic minerals or geological structures. These surveys are widely used in mineral exploration, archaeology, and geothermal resource assessments.Furthermore, remote sensing techniques, such assatellite imagery and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), have revolutionized Earth sciences by providing detailed data on the Earth's surface and vegetation cover. Satellite imagery enables the monitoring of land use changes, geological features, and environmental phenomena on a global scale. LiDAR technology, which uses laser pulses to measure distances to the Earth's surface, facilitates high-resolution mapping of terrain, vegetation, and landforms, aiding in geological mapping, land management, and hazard assessment.In conclusion, geophysical methods play a pivotal role in Earth sciences, offering valuable tools for studying the Earth's subsurface and understanding its complex processes. From seismic and electrical methods to gravity and magnetic surveys, these techniques enable researchers to unravel the mysteries of the Earth's interior and address various geological challenges. By harnessing the power of geophysics, scientists can make significant contributions to resource exploration, environmental management, and hazard mitigation efforts, ultimately advancing our understanding of the planet we inhabit.。
课文翻译
1、Origin of Oil and Gas 石油及天然气成因Oil and gas result mostly from dead microorganisms buried quickly in anoxic environments，where oxygen is so scarce that they do not decompose. This lack of oxygen enables them to maintain their hydrogen-carbon bonds，a necessary ingredient for the production of fossil fuels．Newly developing ocean basins, formed by plate tectonics and continental rifting (deformation)，provide just the right conditions for rapid burial in anoxic waters．Rivers fill these basins with sediments carrying abundant organic remains．Because the basins have constricted water circulation，they also have lower oxygen levels than the open ocean.石油和天然气大多是由缺氧环境下迅速被掩埋的死亡微生物生成的。
这种环境氧气奇缺致使这些微生物无法分解。
氧气的缺乏能够使那些死去的微生物保持它们的碳氯键——这是产生化石燃料的一种必要组分。
由板块构造运动和大陆裂谷作用(变形)而新近演化形成的大洋盆地，正好为在缺氧水域的快速埋藏提供了合适环境。
河流携带着丰富的有机残余物充填这些盆地。
地质学英语术语
地质学英语术语ZT变质圈metamorphic aureole变质闪长岩deuterodiorite变质沉积物metasediments变质沉积岩带dejective zone变质水方硼石metahydroboracite变质水分metamorphic water变质水高稜土metahalloysite变质水铁矾metahohmannite变质碎屑喷出岩类porodite变质无烟煤meta-anthracite变质相metamorphic facies变质岩metamorphic rocks变质页岩metashale变质原岩palosome变质组构metamorphic fabric变质作用metamorphism变种；突变mutation变转珠被的campylotropous标本hand specimen标示矿物typomorphic minerals标型矿物；主导矿物guide mineral标轴面coordinate plane标準变晶normal twinning标準材料type material标準层index bed标準大气standard atmosphere标準大气压standard atmospheric pressure 标準带index zone标準的normative标準地层学orthostratigraphy标準地点type locality标準化石index fossil标準化石leading fossil标準化石type fossil标準化石；主导化石guide fossil标準矿物normative mineral(C.I.P.W.)标準矿物standard minerals标準面index plane标準偏差图standard deviation map标準剖面type section标準时fiducial time标準时standard time标準钻机standard rig表壁〔珊瑚〕epitheca(in coral)表层滑动dermal gliding表层侵蚀sheet erosion表层碎屑的epiclastic表层碎屑岩epiclastic rocks表流drift current表流；逕流surface flow表流；片流sheet flood表面的superficial表面动物群epifauna表面鮞石superficial oolith(or oolite)表面硬化作用case-hardening表面张力surface tension表皮epidermis表皮；角质ctuicle表磧surface moraine表生矿床；地面矿床superficial deposit表土surface soil表土蠕动；土滑soil creep錶珊瑚Hapsiphyllum鳖Trionyx别珊瑚Heterophyllia别羊齿Alloiopteris滨〔海滨；湖滨〕shore滨冰shore ice滨螺Littorina滨漂积；海滨漂积物shore drift滨坡面shore face滨坡臺地shore-face terrace(wave-built terrace) 滨墙shore wall滨沙丘shore dune滨臺地shore terrace滨外；岸外offshore滨夕法尼纪〔系〕〔石炭纪〕Pennsylvanian 滨线循环shoreline cycle滨崖shore cliff濒海湖；沿岸湖coastal lake冰ice冰坝湖ice dam lake冰堡ice rampart冰堡；冰岸barrier ice冰被ice carapace冰崩glacier avalanche冰崩ice avalanche冰崩解作用ice distintegration冰壁ice wall冰壁沟rinnental冰饼ice cake冰波ice wave冰擦痕glacial stria冰擦痕glacial striation冰擦痕；冰川擦痕glacial striae冰擦石面；冰蚀岩面glacial pavement冰擦岩glaciated rock冰擦作用scoring冰槽肩alp冰层ice layer冰层ice sheet冰长石adular冰长石adularia冰长石valencianite冰长石化作用adularization冰成的glacigenous冰成的glacionatant冰成湖；冰川湖glacial lake冰成湖；冰斗湖tarn冰成阶地；冰川阶地glacial terrace冰成平原glacial plain冰成岩glacial rock冰川glacier冰川冰glacial ice冰川冰glacier ice冰川槽glacial trough冰川带glacier bands冰川的glacial冰川堤glacial leave冰川地质学glacial geology冰川氾滥glacier flood冰川粉砂glacier silt冰川风glacier wind冰川谷glacial valley (galical-carved valley) 冰川洪水outburst冰川后退；冰退glacial recession冰川极盛期；最大冰河期glacial maximum 冰川坚坑moulin(in glacier)冰川角阶confluence step冰川阶地cascade stairway冰川界限glacial boundary冰川静力均衡；冰河地壳均衡glacio-isostacy冰川控制说glacial control theory冰川连流streaming flow冰川裂隙crevasses of glacier冰川末缘terminus冰川内的intraglacial冰川泥glacier mud冰川甌穴moulin potholes(Glaual potholes)冰川甌穴moulin(glacial pothole)冰川甌穴；冰洞；冰河堊穴glacial pothole(chimney moulin) 冰川盆地glacial basin冰川侵蚀作用glarosion冰川舌glacial lobe冰川沉积glaposition冰川沉积平原outwash plain冰川沉积扇outwash fan冰川石流；石冰川rock glacier(rock stpeam)冰川碎屑层dirt band冰川外缘的proglacial冰川污线带ogive冰川线glacier line冰川相glacial facies冰川削平〔作用〕冰河平夷〔作用〕glacial planation冰川穴glacial mill冰川穴glacier well冰川学glaciology冰川学说；冰川说glacial theory冰川循环；冰蚀轮迥glacial cycle冰川支流inset ice stream冰川作用glaciation冰川作用glacierization冰垂ice lobe冰带ice band冰岛ice island冰地蜡dinite冰点freezing point冰洞ice cavern冰冻线frost line冰斗cirque(corrie;cwm;Kar)冰斗kar冰斗；山侧穴cwm冰斗冰川corrie glacier冰斗冰川cwm glacier冰斗冰川；〔冰〕斗冰川cirque glacier冰斗底cirque floor冰斗湖cirque lake冰斗阶地cirque step冰斗阶梯cirque stairway冰斗切刻cirque cutting冰斗侵蚀cirque erosion冰斗群karling冰斗台cirque platform冰堵盆地ice barrier basin冰多角地形frost polygons冰筏作用ice rafting冰方锥ice pyramid冰粉cryoconite冰粉kryoconite冰风化作用；冻裂作用frost weathering 冰峰serac冰浮块ice float;ice floe冰釜ice cauldron冰盖ice cap冰盖层glacial sheet冰高原ice plateau冰沟dorr冰沟湖fosse lake冰谷河道ice-walled channel"冰谷横阶" riegel冰谷阶地glacial staircase"冰谷阶梯" giant stairway冰谷棚alb冰刮痕glacial markings冰刮痕glacial scratches冰海的glaciomarine冰海崖ice blink冰河ice river冰河床；冰川床glacier bed冰河气候循环cycle of glaciation冰河舌glacier bulb冰河时期cryogenic period冰河系glacial drainage冰河学cryology冰河增水作用alimentation冰痕ice mark冰洪流glacier burst冰湖ice lake冰湖；冰栅ballycadder;bellicatter;cadder;catter;ice foot 冰湖的glaciolacustrine冰花ice flowers冰积层drift bed冰积露头图drift map冰积土glacial soil(glacial deposit)冰积物drift冰积物glacial debris冰极ice pole冰接触地形ice-contact forms冰接平原；冰积阜平原ice contact plain冰接坡ice contact slope冰阶riser冰阶地ice pushed terrace冰解作用calving冰界沉积ice contact sediment冰晶粒glacier corn冰晶石cryolite冰举丘pingo冰举丘残穴pingo remnant冰举作用；举裂作用frost heaving冰刻沟glacial groove冰块脊ice block ridge冰块运动block-schollen movement冰粒glacier grain冰砾glacial boulder冰砾壁boulder-wall冰砾带boulder belt冰砾对boulder couplet冰砾阜；冰磧阜kame冰砾阜平原kame plain冰砾阜三角洲kame delta冰砾阜田；冰砾阜群kame field冰砾泥boulder clay冰砾泥drift clay冰砾磧kame moraine冰砾臺地kame terrace冰砾岩glacial conglomerate冰裂磧ice-crack moraine冰裂岩块congelifractate冰裂岩屑congelifract冰裂作用congelifraction冰裂作用frost splitting冰流glacier flow冰流ice flow冰流槽glacial chute冰流溢口；冰积溢道glacial spill-way 冰脉；冰楔ice vein冰脉；冰楔ice vein冰帽；冰盖glacial cap冰面堆积层border belts冰膜film crust冰膜ice rind冰钠长石系adularia-albite series冰泥ice gruel冰泥凝土ice concrete冰甌阜moulin kame冰盘ice pan冰棚ice shelf冰硼ram冰漂石ice boulder冰磦石soled boulder冰坪ice pavement冰瀑glacial cascade(glacial fall)冰瀑ice cascade冰期drift epoch冰期glacial epoch(ice age)冰期glacial period冰期ice age(glacial age)冰期；冰河期glacial age(ice-age)冰期次阶stade冰期后的post-glacial冰磧；冰磧物glacial drift冰磧坝湖morainal dam lake冰磧擦痕drift scrath冰磧层till sheet冰磧的morainic冰磧阜moraine kame冰磧盖层drift sheet冰磧高原moraine plateau冰磧湖drift lake冰磧湖morainal lake冰磧脊till billow冰磧角砾岩moraine-breccia冰磧脉till wall冰磧泥炭drift peat冰磧丘moraine(till;drift)冰磧裙地morainal apron冰磧三角洲morainal delta冰磧沙洲moraine bar冰磧土flow till冰磧外的extramorainic冰磧物glacial till冰磧物till冰磧下地形subdrift topography冰磧岩tillite冰磧原till plain冰前湖marginal lake冰前石脊protalus rampat冰前沼polynya冰壳foam crust冰壳ice curst冰丘堆hydrolaccolith冰球ball ice冰圈；冰冻圈cryosphere冰裙ice apron冰扰土congeliturbate冰扰作用congeliturbation冰扰作用cryoturbation冰扰作用frost stirring冰扰作用kryoturbation冰刃ice blade冰溶残岗thermokarst mound冰溶地形thermokarst topography冰溶喀斯特；热溶喀斯特thermokarst 冰融ablation冰融冲积阶地fluvio-glacial terrace冰融的fluvioglacial冰融浮磧fluvioglacial drift冰融河glacial(glacier)stream冰融漂砾fluvioglacial drift stone冰融沉积fluvioglacial deposit冰融仪ablatograph冰乳浆glacial milk冰塞湖drift dammed lake冰砂glacial sands冰山berg冰山ice berg冰山ice mountain冰山磧土berg till冰扇ice fan冰上的superglacial冰舌ice tongue冰舌；冰河舌glacier tongue冰蚀glacial erosion冰蚀槽；槽蚀作用fluting冰蚀的glaciated冰蚀的；冰损的iceworn冰蚀高地monumented upland冰蚀海岸glaciated coast冰蚀角峰monumental peak冰蚀盆地deflection basin冰蚀平原ice-scoured plain冰蚀峡谷；冰河峡谷glacial canyon冰蚀峡谷；冰河峡谷glacial gorge冰蚀作用exaration冰水冲积平原glaciofluviatile plain冰水的aqueoglacial冰水的glacioaqueous冰水的glaciofluvial冰水泥；冰水黏土glacio-aqueous clay冰水沉积glacio-fluvial deposit冰水沉积裙outwash apron幻想节日2006-10-30 13:40[即划即译已启用] 登录| 注册| 标签| 圈子| 商城| 搜索| 帮助当前位置：沙龙首页> 休闲娱乐> 游泳池主题：地质学专业英语词汇(10) 点击：508 回复：4查看主题内容最懒的珊等级：高级词友头衔：专栏服务员积分：15977分专家分：118分看我其他帖子标签：词汇推广拿分收藏本贴地质学专业英语词汇(10)等粒状〔结构〕equigranular等量半径equivalent radius等量度组构因素eguant element等量度组构因素equant element等量线isogram等密度的isopycnic等密度内流homopychal inflow等面积投影equiaeral projection等面积网格equal-area net等浓度线isocon等热值线isocal等容积线；等间距线isochore等色线isochromatic curve等深线isobath等升降线isobase等时线time line等水分线isohume等水压面(等压面) isopiestic level(isobaric surface) 等水压线isopiestic line等他形equant anhedronal等碳线isocarb等尾虫Homotelus等尾目Isopygous等位面；等势面niveau surface等位能面equipotential surface等温面或等温剖面isothermal plane or section等温线isotherm等温研究isothermal study等线贝Isogramma等相isofacies等相图isofacies map等相线facies contour等小长身蜿Productellana等斜的isoclinal等斜线isodip line等斜褶皱isoclinal fold等斜褶皱isocline等形equiform等形体的equidimensional等压面isobaric surface等压线isobar(isopiestics)等盐度线isohalsine等异常线isanomalic line等异常线isanomaly等萤光线isofluors等雨量线isohyet等震isoseism等震的isoseismic等震度的isoseismal等震线homoseism等震线isoseismal line等正辉正长岩yogoite等值线isopleth等中粒度线isomegathy等轴晶系cubic system等轴晶系isometric system等轴晶系regular system等轴偏形半面类isometric plagihedral hemihedral class等轴全面六八类isometric holohedral hexakisoctahedral class 等轴四半面体isometric tetrahedral hemihedral class等轴鉭钙石koppite等轴投影isometric projection等属形的isogenotypic等椎目Isospondlyi等足目Isopoda鐙骨stapes低冰depth ice低潮low tide低潮neap tide低潮阶带low-tide terrace低潮线low-water line低潮线；低水位準low water mark低地lowland低度含水层aquiclude低共熔点；低共熔温度eutectic point or eutectic temperature 低缓坡waning slope低挥份烟煤low-volatile bituminous coal低级变质作用low-rank metamorphism低级杂砂岩lithic graywacke低级杂砂岩；低级混浊砂岩low-rank graywacke低角断层low angle fault低角逆冲断层low angle thrust低能量环境low energy environment低品位矿石；低级矿石low-grade ore低平海岸；低平湖岸flat coast低氢的subhydrous低区sag低区；洼地depression低砷铁矿leucopyrite低蚀岩基的hypobatholithic低蚀岩基时期hypobatholithic stage"低水铜铀云母" metatorbernite低水準面low-water datum低铁次透辉石ferrosalite低铁淡闪石ferroedenite低铁多硅白云母ferrophengite低铁方镁石ferropericlase低铁黑硬绿泥石ferrostilpnomelane低铁菱镁矿ferromagnesite低铁镁铁橄石ferrohedenbergite低铁镁铁橄石ferrohortonolite低铁锰白云石ferromangandolomite低铁锰闪石ferrorichterite低铁钠闪石ferrohastingsite低铁砷硅锰矿ferroschallerite低铁透辉石ferrosilite低铁透闪石ferrotremolite低铁硅灰石ferrowollastonite低铁阳起石ferroactinolite低铁棕锑矿ferrostibianite低温的epithermal低温发光cryoluminescence低温热液矿床；浅成热液矿床epithermal deposit低温热液矿脉；浅成熟液矿脉epithermal veins低温石英low-quartz低盐滩slob land低沼泥煤lowmoor peat低沼泽lowmoor bog堤侧湖lateral levee lake堤防；沙堤embankment堤防石块cyclopean stone堤礁shoal reef堤洲堰〔岸外〕滩;离岸沙滩barrier beach(offshore bar) 滴痕drip impression滴孔driphole滴水虫Guttulina滴岩；滴石drip stone滴岩幕curtain狄克石dickite狄南〔早石炭纪〕Dinantian笛珊瑚Syringopora底；下盘floor底〔冰〕磧basal moraine底冰ground ice底部接触basal contact底层水hypolimnion底长石砂岩basal arkose底荷bottom load底积；层土prodelta clay底积冰磧lodgement till底积层bottom-set bed底加作用plastering-on底孔压bottom-hole pressure底稜basal edge底砾岩basal conglomerate底流bottom flow底流under current底流undertow底流痕undertow mark底面basal plane底面base底面；底基面sole fault底面〔层下底面〕subface(of a bed)底面断层sole injection底面解理basal cleavage(plane)底面双晶manedach twin底面注入底面痕sole marking底泥炭bottom peat底黏土石灰岩；淡水石灰岩underclay limestone 底坡haldenhang底栖的benthic底栖动物demersal底栖生物benthos底栖生物群benthon底磧bottom moraine底磧ground moraine底磧海滨线ground moraine shoreline底磧土basal till底石seat stone底蚀undermine(undermining)底蚀作用undermining底水basal water底水bottom water底图base map底土root clay底土seat clay底土seat earth底土underclay底土underearth底岩seat rock底岩；基岩bed-rock底轴面basal pinacoid砥石whet stone砥石；镰刀石scythestone砥石；研磨石grindstone地〔下夹〕冰〔层〕subterranean ice地背斜geanticline地背斜岭geanticlinal welt地表的supracrustal地表的surfical地表古积geest地表热液矿床的telethermal地表异常surface anomaly地冰层ground-ice layer地冰堆ground-ice mound地冰楔ground-ice wedge地槽geosyncline地槽的geosynclinal地槽沉积柱geosynclinal prism地槽相geosynclinal facies地槽循环geosynclinal cycle地层〔单数〕stratum地层〔复数〕strata地层测验drill-stem test地层垂直变化图vertical veriability map 地层单位stratigraphic unit地层对比stratigraphic correlation地层法stratigraphic code地层方向；走向direction of strata地层封闭stratigraphic trap地层古生物学stratigraphic palaeontology 地层划分stratigraphic classification地层间断；小堆积间断lacuna地层间断时间interzonal time地层控制stratigraphic control地层剖面stratigraphic section地层时间stratigraphic time地层时序表chronological timescale地层试井strata test地层水formation water地层探井stratigraphic test地层图stratigraphic map地层相stratigraphic facies地层学stratigraphic geology地层学stratigraphy地层学家stratigrapher地层岩柱geogram地层因数formation factor地层柱stratigraphic column地潮bodily tides地磁terrestrial magnetism地磁赤道magnetic equator地磁的geomagnetic地磁地层学magnetic stratigraphy地磁极geomagnetic pole地磁记绿器magnetograph地磁日变化telluric diurnal variation地磁图magnetic chart地磁仪magnetometer地磁异常magnetic anormaly地单斜geomonocline地叠horst地动ground motion地盾shield地盾玄武岩shield basalt地函mantle地化高区；地球化学浓集geochemical culmination 地化探勘geochemical exploration地化探勘geochemical prospecting地化循环geochemical cycle地化异常geochemical anomaly地基土壤foundation soil地籍测量cadastral survey地籍图cadastral map地籍图plat地景；景观landscope地块；山块block地块逆掩作用block-overthrusting地蜡mineral wax地蜡ozocerite(ozokerite)地蜡ozokerite地理学geography地沥青asphalt地沥青asphaltos地沥青asphaltum地沥青asphaltus地沥青mineral pitch地瘤geotumor地面；场ground地面波surface wave地面波surface wave group地面磁测仪ground magnetometer地面地质学surface geology地面电流earth current地面电阻率ground resistivity地面供应间歇河surface-fed intermittent stream 地面逕流overland flow地面逕流surface runoff地面矿床hypotaxic deposit地面曲率earth curvature地面水surface water地面相surface phase地内的intratelluric地内等温线geoisotherm地内结晶intratelluric crystalization地泡假说blister hypothesis地坡ground slope地堑graben地堑断层trough fault地壳板块crustal plate地壳变动diastrophism地壳波动学说undation theory地壳不定稳定性crustal instability地壳海洋化作用oceanization地壳滑动作用phorogenesis地壳均衡补偿isostatic compensation地壳均衡的isostatic地壳均衡的异常isostatic anomaly地壳均衡说isostasy地壳扭力crust torsion地壳翘曲crustal warping地壳外壳crust地壳应力crust stress地壳元素百分比clarke地壳运动crustal movement地壳运动diastrophism(crustal movement)地壳运动earth movement地壳运动revolution地球〔泥〕土earth地球成因学geogeny地球成因学；地因学geogony地球的telluric地球发生论geogenesis地球化学geochemistry地球化学相geochemical facies地球曲率curvature of earth地球四面体说tetrahedral theory(of the earth) 地球体；地球形；象地体geoid地球物理测勘geophysical survey地球物理的geophysical地球物理学geophysics地球物理学家geophysicist地球中心带〔圈〕core of the earth地区terrain地热变质geothermal metamorphism地热梯度；地温梯度geothermal gradient地热学geothermics地色石geophyrocapsa地石膏ground gypsum地史学geochronic geology地史学；歷史地质学historical geology地势surface relief地势图relief map地台platform地图map地图比例representative fraction地图投影map projection地洼；大沉降带geodepression地温测定法geological thermometry地温度geothermometer地文学physiography地峡；土腰issite isthmus地下冰脉crevasse hoar地下的subterranean地下地质学subsurface geology地下古露头subcrop地下古露头图subcrop map地下金属探测器treasure finder地下切流subterranean cutoff地下生成期intratelluric stage地下竖井underground shaft地下霜depth hoar地下水subsurface water地下水subterranean water通过E-mail推荐给好友没有最懒只有更懒!Date:2006-07-22 20:10:25最懒的珊看我其他帖子地质学专业英语词汇(19) 光椭圆剖面optic ellipse光尾球接子Lejpyge光线ray光线矿abichite光线矿clinoclase光线矿clinoclasite光像light figure光行差(光)；变体(生) aberration光性optic character光性optical character光性optical properties光性测温计optical pyrometer光性常数optical constant光性方位optical orientation光性符号optical sign光性记录optical registration光性试验optical test光性异常optical anomaly光学放大optical magnification光玉髓corneline光玉髓；肉红石髓carnelian光玉髓；肉红石髓carneol光泽luster光栅grating光之分异differentiation of light光轴optic axis光轴法线third mean line光轴角axial angle光轴角optic angle光轴面optic plane光轴面plane of optic axis光轴然线optic normal光轴色散dispersion of optic axes光轴影melatopes光柱beam of light光子photon广鼻类Platyrrhini广翅目Megaloptera广深性的；耐深的eurybathic广温性的eurythermal广温性生物eurythermal organism广西螺Kwangsispira广西珊瑚Kwangsiphyllum广西运动Kuangsi movement广盐性的；耐盐度变化的euryhaline广盐性生物euryhalinous organism广元统Kuanyuan series规格石块；建筑石材dimension stone规模；数值magnitude规则包体regular inclusions规则海胆目Regulate龟背地形turtleback龟背石；裂心结核；桃核心结核septarium龟甲石；龟甲状结核septaria(septarian nodule) 龟裂的septarian龟龙Oudenodon龟形石turtle stone归州统Kuichouseries轨道orbit鬼里螺；骨螺Murex桂林山；石灰岩残丘haystack桂林山灰岩残丘hum桂竹林层kueichoulin formation贵蛋白石noble opal贵蛋白石precious opal贵电气石noble tourmaline贵橄欖石chrysolite贵橄欖石chrysolyte贵橄欖石peridot贵尖晶石noble spinel贵金属noble metal贵金属precious metal贵榴状晶石almandine-spinel贵蛇纹石noble serpentine贵州角石Kueichouceras贵州珊瑚Kueichouphyllum贵州珊瑚Kweichouphyllum锅穴kettle锅穴状kettled锅状湖pit lake锅状火山口pit crater(volcano sink)国姓埔层Kuohsingpu formation果皮内层endocarp过；超hyper-过白榴粒玄岩parchettite过斑晶的persemic(C.I.P.W.)过饱和supersaturation过饱和溶液supersaturant solution 过饱和岩oversaturated rocks过玻璃质perhyaline(C.I.P.W.)过长石质perfelic(C.I.P.W.)过长英质perfelsic(C.I.P.W.)"过陡谷壁" oversteepened walls过渡岩系transitiional series过多容晶的perxence过多容晶的perxenic过多主晶的peroikic过基质的perpatic(C.I.P.W.)过硷性peralkaline过硷性的peralkalic过结晶作用per crystallization过晶质percrystalline(C.I.P.W.)过冷super-cooling过冷under cooling过冷的undercooling过量下蚀overdeepening过硫锑铅矿epiboulangerite过铝质岩peraluminous rocks过镁铁质permafic(C.I.P.W.)过氢煤perhydrous coal过氢煤素质perhydrous maceral 过氢烟煤perbituminous coal过热作用superheating过溶作用transfusion过生长over growth过石英质perquaric(C.I.P.W.)过酸性岩peracidite过酸性岩persilicic rocks过铁镁质perfemane(C.I.P.W.)过铁镁质perfemic(C.I.P.W.)过硅铝质persalane(C.I.P.W.)过硅铝质persalic(C.I.P.W.)过硅酸质persilicic过中孔型permesothyrid哈德逊海星Hudsonaster骸晶skeleton crystals骸晶生长skeletal growth海sea海岸seacoast海岸sea-front海岸；岸coast海岸带coastal belt海岸带；滨带coast zone海岸地sea board海岸地区coastal area海岸地下水coastal ground water海岸地形；沿岸地形coastal landforms海岸发育循环cycle of shore development海岸礁coast riff海岸阶地；岸坪coast terrace海岸泥；岸泥coast mud海岸平原coast plain海岸平原；沿岸平原coastal plain海岸沙coast sand海岸沙丘coastal dune海岸沙丘medano海岸沙土；沿岸沙丘coast dune海岸沉积coast deposit海岸臺地coastal platform海岸臺地coastal terrace海岸臺地marine terrace海岸线coast line海岸线;滩线beach line海岸压力山脊coastal pressure ridge海岸盐湖marine salina海岸沼coastal pond海岸沼泽coastal marsh海岸沼泽marine marsh海岸沼泽marine swamp海百合crinoid海百合纲Crinoidea海百合灰岩crinoidal limestone海百合类；海百合壳灰岩encrinites海百合石灰岩criquina海百合石灰岩encrinal limestone;encrinital limestone 海百合石灰岩encrinite limestone海百合碎片石灰岩crinoidal coquina海百合亚门Crinozoa海边潟湖marginal lagoon海边盐地marginal salt pan海滨sea shore海滨；湖滨strand海滨底痕strand mark海滨平原strand plain海滨台shore platform海滨滩strandflat海滨线shore line海滨线；滨线strand line海冰sea ice海参holothurian海参sea cucumber海参纲Holothurioidea海参类holothuroids海潮图；潮汐图marigram海胆echinoid海胆纲Echinoidea海胆目(亚门) Echinozoa海得堡人Heidelberg man海得贝格统〔早泥盆纪〕Helderbergian 海德堡人Homo heirdelbergensis海堤sea wall海底sea floor海底的submarine海底地形的bathyorographical海底地震submarine earthquake海底古陆thalasso-craton海底古陆的；海扩期的thalassocratic海底谷submarine valley海底火山submarine valcano海底扩张作用sea-floor spreading海底锰矿；深海矿核pelagite海底面生物epibiota海底平原submarine plain海底坡度underwater gradient海底泉submarine spring海底三角洲submarine delta海底山；海丘seamount海底峡谷submarine canyon海底悬崖Seascarp海底悬崖seascarp海底岩化作用halmyrolysis海底岩化作用halmyrosis海豆芽类lingulids海尔微统〔中新统〕Helvetian海峰seapeak海拱；海石门sea arch海沟带trench zone海冠纲Thecoidea海龟〔属〕Chelonia海菓纲〔棘皮动物〕Carpoidea海化石时代marine time海建臺地marine-built terrace海截河流sea-captured streams海金沙Lygodium海浸ingression海进；海侵transgression海进生物礁transgressive reef海进相transgression phase海菊蛤Spondylus海葵目Actiniaria海蓝宝石aquamarine海蓝柱石glaucolite海螂Mya海浪sea wave海浪沙浪regressive sand wave海浪蚀台abrasion (abraded) platform海蕾Blastoid海蕾纲Blastoidea海林擒cystoid海林擒Hydrophorida海林擒纲Cystoidea;Cystidea海绿〔石〕砂岩glauconitic sandstone海绿白堊岩；海绿堊glauconite chalk海绿石glauconite海绿石化glauconitization海绿石灰岩glauconitic limestone海绵sponge海绵岩spongolite海面薄冰black ice海面升降的eustatic海面升降运动eustatic movement海泥sea mud海盘车；小行星asteroids海泡蛇纹岩porcellanous serpentine(porcellophite) 海泡石"meerschaum"海泡石sepiolite海盆sea basin海平面sea level海平校正数free air correction海埔地barrier flat海切臺地marine-cut terrace海侵marine transgression海侵超覆transgressive overlap海丘seaknoll海蜷Batillaria海扇状构造scallop海蛸Ascidia海深的bathymetric海深的bathymetrical海深地形图bathymetric chart海深线bathymetric line海神石Clymenia海蚀洞marine cave海蚀洞；海蚀穴sea cave(coastal cave)海蚀海岸marine erosion coast海蚀后退作用retrogradation海蚀平面marine plane海蚀平臺cut platform海蚀平臺marine bench海蚀平原marine plain海蚀平原plain of marine denudation海蚀平原plain of marine erosion海蚀石aquafact海蚀臺地sea terrace海蚀臺地；岩台rock bench海氏海绵Hydnocerus海氏菊石Hedenstroemia海水面变化eustasy海台沙滩platform beach海台沉积;海台崖锥coverhead海滩beach海滩均衡纵剖面beach profile of equilibrium 海滩平原；湖滩平原；海滨平原beach plain 海滩砂矿beach ore海滩砂矿beach placer海滩砂砾矿床sea-beach placers海滩悬崖beach scarp海滩循环beach cycle海滩淤积作用beach accretion海滩纵剖面beach profile海滩嘴滩角beach cusp海退；退化regression海退岩礁regressive reef海湾embayment海湾gulf海王星Neptune海窝caldron海西运动Hercynian海西运动Hercynian movement海袭〔B、C时间很短〕；海侵作用marining 海峡strait海峡；水道channel海下剖面subbottom profile海啸；津波tsunamis海星纲Asteroidea海星纲Stelleroidea海星亚门Asterozoa海星运动stelleroid海崖sea cliff海崖缝sea chasm海燕蛤Halobia海洋的marine海洋的oceanic海洋化作用thalassiogenesis海洋隆堆oceanic rise海洋磨蚀marine abrasion海洋气候marine climate海洋三角洲；邻洋三角洲oceanic delta海洋生物halobios海洋性气候oceanic climate海洋学oceanography海渊deep海藻algae海藻构造stromatolite海藻泥煤sea peat海震；海啸sea-quake海蜘蛛纲Pycnogonida海柱；海蚀；岩柱sea stack海柱；石柱stack海桌山guyot海桌山tablemount含多量遗留矿物的dolimorphic含分离维管束中柱dictyostele含黑电气石的schorlaceous含化石的fossiliferous含化石面smothered bottom含化石足印岩石ichnolite含硷植物soda plant含金的auriferous含金砾岩层banket含金石英；含金水晶gold quartz含金银的auri-argentiferous含金属的；產金属的metalliferous含矿波沙pay dirt含矿的ore bearing含矿岩ore rock含矿岩浆ore magma含矿岩屑；矿脉ledge含砾砂pebbly sand含镁石灰岩；镁质灰岩magnesian limestone 含锰辉石manganese pyroxene含镍的nickeliferous含乳液的laticiferous含石英二长岩quartz-bearing monzonite含石英辉绿岩quartz-bearing diabase含水层aquifer (nappe d'eau)沙发Date:2006-07-22 20:27:02最懒的珊看我其他帖子地质学专业英语词汇(38)气囊假说gas pocket hypothesis气泡vesicle气泡带bubble trend气泡构造air-heave structure气圈air mass气生岩atmoliths气室air chamber气水成的hydatopneumatic气水成的hydatopneumatolytic气水成的hydropneumatic气水面gas-water surface气碎石atmoclast (atmoclastics)气碎岩atmoclastic rocks气体〔作用〕gasification气体分移作用；气体搬运gaseous transfer 气体熔融gas-fiuxing气体试剂gaseous reagents气体液化liquefaction of gas气体助熔作用gas fluxings气温直减率lapse rate气相gas phase气象区meteorological region气象学meteorology气象要素meteorological elements气旋cyclone气旋风cyclonic wind气穴gas pic气压atmospheric pressure气压barometric pressure气压变速barometric rate气压高度barometric elevation气压计barometer气压记录器barograph气压制动器air damper气液成的gas-aqueous气液成的pneumato hydatogenetic气液混合物azeotropic mixture气涌作用gas streaming气源的atmogenic气钻air drill器官organ器官属organ genus磧缘河peripheral stream千佛崖统Tsienfuyen series千孔虫Millipora千孔虫类Milliporid千枚板岩phyllite slate千枚搓变岩phyllite-mylonite千枚糜岭岩phyllonite千枚相phyllofacies千枚岩；硬绿泥石phyllite千枚岩化作用phyllitization牵引流tractive current铅笔状构造pencil structure铅笔状片麻岩pencil gneiss铅锤plumb铅丹minium铅丹miniumite铅矾；硫酸铅矿lead vitriol(anglesite) 铅方解石plumbocalcite"铅钙铀云母" lead-autunite铅黄massicot铅黄massicotite铅灰石alamosite铅矿lead ore铅铝英石plumballophane铅绿矾Caledonite铅锰鈦铁矿senaite铅明矾石lead-alunite铅鈮铁矿plumbocolumbite(plumboniobite) 铅鈮铁矿plumboniobite铅泡鉍矿alaskaite铅砷矿schultenite铅砷锰矿plumbosynadelphite(synadelphite) 铅铁矾plumbojarosite铅霞石tarnowitzite铅氧masicotite(massicottite;massicot)铅铀比率lead-uranium ratio铅赭石lead ocher(plumbic ocher)迁移；蛇形wandering前凹椎procoelous vertebra前壁antetheca前滨；前峯foreshore前槽fore-trench前齿骨predentary bone前导边缘leading edge前额骨prefrontal前耳骨prootica前关节骨praearticulare前頜骨；前顎骨premaxillary bone前积层forest beds前积层forest beds前颊目〔三叶虫〕Proparia(trilobite)前甲proostracum前尖paracone前尖虫；古介形虫Aluta前礁fore reef前进progression前进变质作用progressive metamorphism 前进波progressive wave前进超覆progressive overlap前进砂波progressive sand waves前进退覆progressive offlap前臼骨premolar前犁骨prevomel前陆foreland前陆棚foreland shelf前面的；前臺地冰前冲积平原frontal(frontal)apron-plain 前坡foreslope前磧frontal moraine前切曲流advanced-cut meander前倾型procline前丘；前滩沙丘foredune前区proparea"前鳃盖骨" praeopercular(preopercular)前鳃亚纲Prosobranchia前山front range前上新猿Propliopethecus前胎管Prosicula前显花植物Prephanerogam前穴目；前孔目Protremata前一pro-前移海岸advanced coast前翼fore limb前渊fore-trough前渊；陆外渊fore deep前渊地槽exogeosynclines前缘平原；洗出平原frontal plain前缘石堆fringe前缘线trimline前月面lunule前震fore shock前轴面front pinacoid前浊流痕precurrent marking乾冰dry ice乾法drymethod乾腐植煤dysodil乾沟nullah乾沟层Kankou formation乾谷strath valley乾河床dry bed乾河谷canada乾湖；化石湖extinct lake(fossil)乾化desiccate乾化角砾岩desiccation breccia乾化作用desiccation乾井dry hole乾宽谷〔喀斯特地形〕U-vale乾矿石dry ore乾粒雪powder snow乾裂desiccation crack乾裂；泥裂mud crack乾裂；晒裂泥块sun crack乾裂多角形desiccation polygons乾裂节理desiccation joint乾泥砾岩desiccation conglomerate乾泥煤dry peat乾盆地dry basin乾气dry gas乾沙dry quicksand乾沙滩dry beach乾缩air shrinkage乾缩裂缝desiccation fissure乾土粒buckshot乾性永冻区dry permafrost乾穴dead cave乾雪崩dry-snow avalanches乾雪冰dry firn乾盐湖salt playa乾盐湖；间歇湖playa乾燥地形arid landform乾燥度aridity乾燥区arid region浅；浅水〔处〕；浅滩shallow浅层构造epi-tectonic浅层横移断层tear fault浅成变质epizonal metamorphism浅成大理岩epimarble浅成带；浅带epizone浅成正长岩类lamproite浅带片麻岩epigneiss浅带岩epirocks浅钙沸石episcolecite浅谷draw浅海的neritic浅红晶石balas浅红晶石balas ruby浅积盆地starred basin浅盆地；硬盘pan浅水处shallows浅滩shoal浅穴dentpit浅岩缝；含脉裂缝；洞底裂缝crevice 潜伏矿床inclosed deposit潜火山的cryptovolcanic潜火山地震cryptovolcanic earthquake 潜晶霏细岩petrosilex潜晶质；隐晶质cryptocrystalline潜流cryptoreic潜流洞tunnel cave潜热latent heat潜洼；潜隐陷落crypto-depression潜穴动物群infauna潜移creeping flow潜移；蠕动creep嵌晶结构poikilitic structure嵌晶状poikilitic(poicilitic;poecilitic) 嵌珊瑚Aphrophyllum嵌石泥球armored mud ball嵌星珊瑚Orinoastraea腔笔石目Cameroidea腔肠；消化腔gastrovascular cavity腔肠动物coelenterate腔肠动物门Coelenterata腔肠系；消化系gastrovascular system 腔棘鱼Coelacanthus枪晶石cuspidite(cuspidine)强度intensity强度strength强风锋面line squall强剪逆断层strut thrust强硷水super-saline water强黏土gumbo强切曲流forced-cut meander强塑性土ball clay强震macroseism强震的meizoseismal强震界线meizoseismal curve蔷薇辉石paisbergite蔷薇辉石rhodonite蔷薇石英rose quartz(rosy quartz)墙岩；脉岩dike-rocks(dykerocks)巧手人Homo habilis峭壁mural escarpment壳test壳瓣；裂瓣valve壳胞pustulum壳层lamella。
Unit4SpaceExploration词汇例句清单-高中英语人教版
必修3 unit 41. I would love to be an astronaut and go to space.我想成为一名宇航员进入太空。
2. It's best to follow the correct procedures when using your skin care products.最好按照正确步骤来使用护肤品。
3. He takes pills as candy out of his mental illness.这个人精神出问题了，才会把药当作糖。
4. The length of this ruler is 15 centimeters.这把尺子的长度是15厘米。
5. If you are as intelligent as this scientist,you may change the world.如果你像这位科学家那么聪明，你就有可能改变世界。
6. The rocket is flying towards outer space.这枚火箭正飞向太空。
7. An apple fell on his head because of gravity.苹果因为重力砸到了他的头上。
8. People from different countries are playing volleyball over the frontier.来自不同国家的人们在跨边境打排球。
9. There are a lot of stars in the universe.宇宙中有很多星星。
10. The old man is determined to move the mountains away from his house.老人下定决心要把家门口的山移走。
11. This satellite keeps moving around the earth.这枚卫星持续绕地球运动。
地球物理专业英文科普
地球物理专业英文科普Geophysics: Unraveling Earth's Secrets.Geophysics, a branch of Earth science, delves into the physical processes shaping our planet, from its dynamiccore to its diverse surface. By employing a diverse arrayof methods, from seismic waves to electromagnetism, geophysicists strive to understand the hidden workings of Earth's interior, the forces that drive its tectonic plates, and the interactions between its atmosphere, oceans, and landmasses.Exploring Earth's Core.At the heart of our planet lies a molten iron core, generating Earth's magnetic field and fueling the movementof its tectonic plates. Geophysicists use seismic waves, generated by earthquakes or controlled explosions, to probe this enigmatic region. By analyzing the speed and direction of these waves as they travel through Earth's layers,scientists can map the size, shape, and density of the core. Unveiling Earth's Structure.Beyond the core, Earth's mantle and crust form distinct layers with varying compositions and properties. Seismic tomography, a technique that combines data from multiple earthquakes, allows geophysicists to create 3D images of Earth's interior. These images reveal hidden structures, such as subducted oceanic plates, mantle plumes, andancient mountain ranges.Investigating Plate Tectonics.Plate tectonics, the theory that Earth's lithosphere is divided into large, moving plates, is a central tenet of geophysics. Geophysicists employ a range of techniques, including GPS measurements, earthquake monitoring, and satellite imagery, to track plate movements. By studying plate boundaries, they unravel the processes responsiblefor earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building.Probing Earth's Surface.Geophysicists also explore the outermost layers of Earth, investigating the physical properties of rocks, soils, and water. Using ground-penetrating radar, magnetic surveys, and resistivity measurements, they can identify subsurface structures, detect hidden aquifers, and assess the stability of soil formations. These techniques arevital for environmental monitoring, mineral exploration,and infrastructure planning.Understanding Climate and Weather.Geophysics extends its reach beyond Earth's solid structure, embracing the study of its atmosphere, oceans, and ice sheets. Geophysicists use numerical models,satellite observations, and field measurements to unravel the complex interactions that govern Earth's climate system. By monitoring changes in atmospheric composition, oceanic currents, and ice cover, they contribute to our understanding of climate change and its potential consequences.Harnessing Earth's Resources.Geophysical methods play a pivotal role in the exploration and extraction of Earth's natural resources. Seismic surveys, gravity measurements, and electromagnetic imaging are used to identify oil and gas reservoirs, mineral deposits, and geothermal energy sources. These techniques help ensure responsible and sustainable resource management.Geophysics in Everyday Life.The applications of geophysics extend far beyond academic research. From predicting earthquakes and volcanic eruptions to monitoring groundwater resources and assessing soil stability, geophysical knowledge is essential for mitigating natural hazards, protecting infrastructure, and safeguarding human well-being.Careers in Geophysics.Geophysics offers a diverse range of career opportunities, spanning academia, industry, and government agencies. Geophysicists work in a variety of settings, from research laboratories and university campuses to fieldsites and exploration companies. With a strong grounding in physics, mathematics, and computing, geophysicists possess valuable skills for addressing some of the most pressing challenges facing our planet.Conclusion.Geophysics is a captivating field that combines scientific curiosity with practical applications. By exploring the hidden depths of our planet and understanding its dynamic processes, geophysicists contribute to our knowledge of Earth's history, its present state, and its potential future. Their work not only enhances ourscientific understanding but also has tangible benefits for society, ensuring the sustainable use of resources, mitigating natural hazards, and safeguarding our environment.。
英语新词汇与常用词汇的翻译-22
centrepiece 中⼼装饰品 centri- 表⽰“⾓ centric 中⼼的 centrical 位中⼼的 centricity 中⼼ centrifugal effect 离⼼作⽤ centrifugal force 地⼼引⼒ centrifugal machine 离⼼分离机 centrifugal 离⼼的 centrifugalization 受离⼼作⽤ centrifugalize 使受离⼼作⽤ centrifugate 分出物 centrifuge 离⼼机 centriole 中⼼粒 centripetal force 向⼼⼒ centripetal 向⼼的 centripetalism 向⼼性 centripetence 向⼼作⽤ centrist 中间派议员 centrobaric 重⼼的 centroclinal 同点倾斜的 centroid 质⼼ centromere 着丝点 centrosome 中⼼体 centrosphere 地核 centrosymmetric 中⼼对称的 centrum 中⼼ cents-off 象征性优惠的 centum 百 centuple 百倍的 centuplicate 百倍 centurial ⼀世纪的 centuried 维持百年 centuries-old 悠久的 century 世纪 ceorl 最下层⼈ cephalad 向头侧 cephalalgia 头痛 cephalate 有头的 cephalated 有头的 cephalic 头的 cephalin 脑磷脂 cephalitis 脑炎 cephalization 头部集中化 cephalochordate 头索动物 cephaloid 头状花 cephalometer 头部测量器 cephalometric 头部测量法的 cephalometry 测颅法 cephalopod 头⾜类动物 cephalopodous 头⾜类的 cephalosporin 头孢菌素 cephalothin 头孢菌素 cephalothorax 头胸部 cephalous 有头的 Cepheus 仙王座 ceraceous 蜡状的 ceramal 合⾦陶瓷 ceramic dentistry 瓷⽛学 ceramic glaze 釉 ceramic tile 瓷砖 ceramic 陶器的 ceramics 制陶术 ceramist 陶艺家 cerastium ⽿草属 cerat- 表⽰“⾓ cerate 蜡膏 cerated 上蜡的 ceratodus 澳肺鱼 ceratoid ⾓状的 cercaria 尾蚴 cercarial 摇尾幼⾍的 cercopithecoid 猕猴科之动物 cercus 尾⽑ cere 蜡膜 cereal ⾕类⾷品 cerebel ⼩脑 cerebella ⼩脑 cerebellar ⼩脑的 cerebellum ⼩脑 cerebra ⼤脑 cerebral hemorrhage 脑溢⾎ cerebral 脑的 cerebralism ⼤脑机能论 cerebrate 思考 cerebratmon 脑髓作⽤ cerebric 脑的 cerebritis ⼤脑炎 cerebro- 表⽰“脑 cerebroid 如脑的 cerebrospinal meningitis 脑脊髓膜炎 cerebrospinal 脑脊髓的 cerebrotomy 脑切开术 cerebrovascular 脑⾎管的 cerebrum ⼤脑 cerecloth 蜡布 cered 有蜡膜的 cerement 寿⾐ ceremonial 仪式 ceremonialism 讲究仪式 ceremonialist 礼法家 ceremonially 仪式上 ceremoniously 隆重地 ceremony 典礼 Ceres ⾕类⼥神 cereus 仙⼈掌 ceria 酸化市 ceric 铈的 ceriferous 产蜡的 cerise 樱桃⾊ cerite 铈硅⽯ cerium 铈 cermet ⾦属陶瓷 cernuous 俯垂的 cero 巨鲐 cerograph 蜡刻 ceroma 搽油间 ceroplastic 蜡塑的 cerotype 蜡版之模⼦ cerous 铈的 cert 确实的事情 certain 确定的 certainly 的确 certainty 确定 certes 的确 certifiable 可保证的 certificate of death 死亡证明书 certificate of deposit 存款单 certificate of diagnosis 诊断证明书 certificate of disability 残疾证明书 certificate of incopocation 公司登记执照 certificate of insucance 保险单 certificate of origin 货物原产地证明书 certificate of stock 股票 certificate 证书 certification 认证 certified mail 保证邮件 certified milk 合格⽜乳 certified public accountant 执业会计师 certified seed 合格种籽 certified 被鉴定的 certifier 证明者 certify to 书⾯证明 certify 证明 certiorari 移送命令 certitude 确实 certosina 镶嵌术 cerulean 蔚蓝的 cerumen ⽿垢 ceruse 铅粉 cerusite ⽩铅矿 Cervantes 塞凡提斯 cervantite ⽩安矿 cervi- 表⽰“⿅ cervical 颈的 cervices ⼦宫颈 cervicitis ⼦宫颈炎 cervine ⿅的 cervix 颈 Cesarean 凯撒的 Cesarian 崇拜者 cesium 铯 cespitose 丛⽣的 cess 税 cessation 停⽌ cessative 表⽰停⽌的 cesser 中⽌ cession 割让 cessionary 让与的 cesspipe 排⽔管 cesspool 污⽔坑 cestode 绦⾍ cestoid 象绦⾍的 cestus 拳击⼿套 cesura 停⽌ cetacea 鲸类 cetacean 鲸类的 cetaceous 鲸鱼的 cetaceum 鲸脑 cetane ⼗六烷 cete ⼀群獾 ceterach ⽺齿植物 cetological 鲸类学的 cetologist 鲸类学者 cetology 鲸类学 Cetus 鲸鱼座 Cevennes 塞⽂⼭脉 cevitamic acid 维⽣素C cevitamic 维⽣素C Ceylon 锡兰 cf. ⽐较 cg 重⼼ Ch'an 禅 Ch'in 秦 Ch'ing 清 ch. 章 ch.b. 化学⼠ ch.d. 化学博⼠ cha-cha 恰恰舞 cha-chaed 跳恰恰舞 Chablis ⽩葡萄酒 chabouk ⼀种长鞭 chabuk ⼀种长鞭 chackle 喋喋不休 chaconne 恰空舞 Chadian 乍得⼈ chaeta 刺 chaeto- 表⽰“刺 chaetognath ⽑颚类动物 chafe at 发怒 chafe on 冲洗 chafe 擦热 chafer ⾦龟⼦ chaff ⾕壳 chaff-cutter 切草机 chaffcutter 切草 chaffer 讲价 chafferer 愚弄者 chaffinch 花鸡 chaffingly 嘲笑地 chaffy dish ⽕锅 chaffy 多糠的 chafing dish ⽕锅 chafing ⽪肤发炎 Chagatai 查加台语 chagrin 懊恼 chagul ⽺⽪⽔壶 chain acmour 锁⼦甲 chain belt 链带 chain block 起重机 chain drive 动⼒装备 chain gang 链锁囚犯 chain letter 连锁信 chain mail 锁⼦甲 chain molding 链状之花边 chain of command 指挥系统 chain printer 链式打印机 chain pump 链泵 chain reactor 链式堆 chain shot 链锁弹 chain smoker 连续抽烟的⼈ chain stitch 链形缝法 chain store 连锁商店 chain up 锁住 chain wheel 滑轮 chain 链 chain-react 产⽣连锁反应 chain-reacting 连锁反应 chain-smoke 连续抽烟 chain-stitch ⽤链形缝法缝 chainage 测链量距离 chainbridge 铁链吊桥 chained 装链的 chainless ⽆链的 chainlet ⼩链 chainman 拿尺⼈ chainomatic 链码天平 chainreactor 链式堆 chainstitch 链形缝 chair bed 折椅 chair desk 连桌椅 chair rail 墙上⽊条 chair 椅⼦ chairborne 坐办公桌的 chairlady ⼥主席 chairman of the board 董事长 chairman 主席 chairmanship 主席⾝份 chairone 主席 chairperson 主席 chairwarmer 不务正业者 chairwoman ⼥主席 chaise 轻马车 chaitya 寺庙 chalaza 系带 chalcedonic ⽯髓的 chalcedony ⽟髓 chalcid ⼩蜂 Chalcis 卡尔基斯 chalco- 表⽰“铜 chalcocite 辉铜矿 chalcography 铜版雕刻术 chalcopyrite 黄铜矿 Chaldaic 古巴⽐伦⼈ Chaldea 卡尔迪亚王国 Chaldean 占星术的 Chaldee 占星术的 chaldron 煤量名 chalet 牧⼈⼩屋 chalice 杯 chaliced 杯中的 chalicosis ⽯末沉着病 chalicothere 雷兽动物 chalk it up 宣布 chalk out 计划 chalk up 记下 chalk 粉笔 chalkboard ⿊板 chalkiness ⽩垩 chalklike 似⽩垩的 chalkrail 粉笔槽 chalkstone ⽩垩块 chalkware 彩饰 chalky ⽩垩的 challah ⽩⾯包 challenge 挑战 challenging 挑战兴趣的 challie 轻质⽑料 challis 轻质⽑料 chalone 抑素 chalybeate 含铁质的 cham 可汗 chamade 求和⿎ chamber concert 室内乐演奏会 chamber council 秘密会议 chamber counsel 私⼈法律顾问 chamber of commerce 商会 chamber of deputies 法国等国之下议院 chamber opera ⼩型歌剧 chamber orchestra 室内管弦乐队 chamber pot 便壶 chamber 室 chambered 有房间的 chamberer 出⼊闺房者 chamberlain 侍从 chamberlaine 侍从 chambermaid ⼥仆 Chambezi 赞⽐及河 chambray 条纹布 chameleon 变⾊龙 chameleonic 变⾊龙似的 chamfer 槽 chamfron 马头盔甲 chamiso 蔷薇属灌⽊ chammy 羚⽺⽪ chammy-leather 雪⽶⽪ chamois 岩羚⽺ chamomile ⽢菊 Chamorro 查莫罗⼈ champ 使劲嚼 champaign 平原 champertor 助讼者 champerty 帮诉 champignon ⾷⽤⾹草 champion 冠军 championship 冠军 champleve 填上油漆的 chance on 偶然发现 chance the duck 不管后果 chance to 偶然发⽣ chance upon 偶然遇见 chance 机会 chance-medley 过失杀伤 chancel ⾼坛 chancellery ⼤⾂ chancellor 长官 chancellorship 长官之职位或任期 chancery ⼤法官法庭 chanciness 偶然性 chancre 下疳 chancriform 下疳似的 chancroid 软下疳 chancy 不确实的 chandelier 装饰灯 chandler 杂货零售商 chandleress ⼥杂货商 chandlery 杂货 chanfron 马头盔甲 change about 见异思迁 change color 变⾊ change down 开慢 change foot 换步 change for 交换 change horses 换马 change house ⼩客栈或⼩酒店 change icon 改变图标 change into 兑换 change key 钥匙 change link 改变链接 change of air 移地疗养 change of life ⽉经停⽌ change of pace 改变习惯 change of voice 长成少年时的变⾳ change one's condition 结婚 change one's countenance 变脸⾊ change one's mind 改变主意 change one's skin 改变本性 change one's tune 改变调⼦ change over 改变成 change password 修改⼝令 change step 换步 change system settings 改变系统设置 change the leg 改换步伐 change up 开快 change 改变 changeability 可变性 changeable 可改变的 changeably 易变地 changeabout 变成相反 changeful 易变的 changefully 多变地 changeless 不变的 changeling 低能⼉ changemaker 换零钱机 changeover 转换 changepocket 硬币⼝袋 changing bag 不透光袋⼦ changing cells 可变单元 Changkiang 长江 Changsha 长沙 channel map 通道映射表 channel off 引导 channel 频道 channelize 使形成沟渠 channels 通道 chanson n歌曲 chansonnette ⼩歌 chansonnier 歌⼿ chant 圣歌 chantable 可歌的 chantage 勒索 chanter 吟唱者 chanterelle 蘑菇 chanteur 歌唱者 chanteuse ⼥民谣歌⼿ chantey 船歌 chanteyman 唱⽔⼿歌的⼈ chanticleer 公鸡 chantress ⼥吟唱者 chantry 教堂 chanty 船歌 Chanukah 光明节 chaos * chaotic 混乱的 chap 伙伴 chaparajos ⽪裤 chaparejos ⽪裤 chaparral 丛林 chapatty 薄煎饼 chape ⼑鞘包铜 chapeau 帽⼦ chapel ⼩礼拜堂 chapelgoer ⾮国教徒 chapelry 礼拜堂教区 chaperon ⼥伴 chaperonage 伴随 chaperone ⼥伴 chapfallen 沮丧的 chapiter 柱头 chaplain 牧师 chaplaincy 牧师职 chaplet 花冠 chapleted 戴花冠的 Chaplin 卓别林 Chaplinesque 卓别林式的 chapman 商⼈ chapote 墨西哥柿⼦。
Unit 1 Science and Scientists 词汇英汉互译和教材词块金句背教版(201
Unit 1science and scientists59. leadership ['liːdəʃɪp] n. ____________60. trace [treɪs] v. ____________n. ____________61. outstanding [aʊt'stændɪŋ] adj. ____________62. gifted ['ɡɪftɪd] adj. ____________63. come down ____________64. abstract ['æbstrækt] adj. _________n. ________65. steady ['stedi] adj. ____________66. concept ['kɒnsept] n. ____________67. astronomer [ə'strɒnəmə(r)] n. ____________68. astronomy [ə'strɒnəmi] n. ____________69. telescope ['telɪskəʊp] n. ____________70. besides [bɪ'saɪdz] prep. _______adv. _________71. brilliant ['brɪljənt] adj. ____________72. furthermore [ˌfɜːðə'mɔː(r)] adv. ____________73. above all ____________74. fault [fɔːlt] n. ____________75. shift [ʃɪft] v. ____________n. ____________76. vivid ['vɪvɪd]: adj. ____________II.汉译英1. ____________n. 霍乱2. ____________adj. 极为恶劣的; 十分严重的; 严厉的3. ____________n. 腹泻4. ____________n. 脱水5. ____________adj. 懊恼的; 沮丧的; 失意的6. ________________ 最终地; 彻底地7. ____________adj. 相互矛盾的; 对立的; 不一致的8. ____________n. 感染；传染9. ____________v. 使感染; 传染10. ___________n 微生物; 细菌; 病菌11. ___________v. 认购(股份); 定期订购; 定期缴纳(会费)12. ________________同意; 赞同13. ___________n. 证据; 证明; 检验14. ___________adj. 数量多的; 多种多样的15. ___________n. 泵; 抽水机; 打气筒16. ________________水泵17. ___________n. 一家人; 家庭; 同住一套(所)房子的人18. __________v. 怀疑; 疑有; 不信任n. 犯罪嫌疑人; 可疑对象19. __________v. 把…归咎于...; 责怪; 指责n. 责备; 指责20. __________n. 把手; 拉手; 柄 v. 处理; 搬动; 操纵(车辆/动物/工具等)21. __________n. 介入; 出面; 干涉22. __________n. 联系; 纽带v. 把...连接起来; 相关联23. __________adj. 未煮的; 生的; 未经处理的; 原始的24. __________adj. 干净的; 纯的; 纯粹的25. __________adj. 大量的; 价值巨大的; 重大的26. __________v. 减少; 减小; 降低n. 减少; 降低: 减少量27. ________________ 幸亏; 由于28. ___________n. (复数)统计数字; 统计资料; 统计学29. ___________v. 使改观; 使改变形态; 改变; 转变30. ___________n. 流行病学31. ___________n. 显微镜32. ___________n. 思想; 思维; 见解33. ___________n. 蛋白质34. ___________n. 细胞; 小房间; 单间牢房35. ___________n. 病毒36. ___________n. 发现; 调查结果; (法律)判决37. ___________adj. 最初的; 开始的; 第一的38. ___________n. 疫苗39. ___________n. 框架; 结构40. ________________ 理论框架41. ___________adj. 可靠的; 固体的; 坚实的n. 固体42. ___________v. 投射; 投掷; 向...投以(视线/笑容等)43. ___________n. 阴影; 影子; 背光处1.frustrate vt.使懊丧；使懊恼；使沮丧→__________adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→__________adj.令人懊恼的；令人沮丧的→__________n．懊丧；懊恼；沮丧2.infect vt.使感染；传染→__________ n．感染；传染→__________adj.传染性的，感染的，有感染力的3.contradict v.反驳;相矛盾;相反→__________adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的→__________n.矛盾；对立；不一致4.prove vt.证明→__________n．证据；证明；检验5.intervene vt.介入；出面；干涉→__________n．介入；出面；干涉6.subscribe v. 认购(股份); 定期订购; 定期缴纳(会费)→__________n.订阅费，订购款，订阅，订购；定期捐款；会员费→__________n.订阅人，订购者，订户；定期捐款者，定期捐助者7.suspect v. 怀疑; 疑有; 不信任→__________adj.怀疑的→__________n.怀疑8.pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→__________n.纯洁；纯净；纯粹→_________vt.使纯净；使洁净→__________n.净化(作用)；提纯9.substance n.物质；物品；主旨；要点；实质→__________adj. 大量的; 价值巨大的; 重大的→__________adv.非常；大大地；基本上；大体上；总的来说10.transform vt.v. 使改观; 使改变形态; 改变; 转变→_____________n.变化，改观，转变，改革→_____________adj.变革的；改革的11.virus n.病毒→__________adj.病毒的；病毒性的；病毒引起的12.theory n.理论→__________adj. 理论上的13.solid adj.可靠的; 固体的; 坚实的→__________n.固态;可靠性;坚固性14.initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→________ adv.开始；最初15.patriotic adj. 爱国的→__________adv.爱国地;忧国地→__________n.爱国主义→__________n.爱国者16.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→__________n．防御；防务→__________adj.防御的；保护的；保卫的；戒备的；怀有戒心的17.assist vt.帮助；协助→__________n.帮助；协助→__________n.助手；助理18.lead v.领导；导致；通向→__________n．领导者→__________n．领导；领导地位；领导才能→__________adj.最重要的；一流的→__________adj.误导的;引入歧途的19.steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→__________adj.不稳定的→________adv.稳定地；坚固地20.vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→________adv.生动地Keys:1.frustrated;frustrating;frustration2.infection;infectious3.contradictory;contradiction4.proof5.intervention6.subscription;subscriber7.suspicious;suspicion8.purity;purify;purification9.substantial;substantially 10.transformation;transformative 11.virus 12.theoretical 13.solidity14.initially 15.patriotically;patriotism;patriotic 16.defence/defense;defensive 17.assistance;assistant18.leader;leadership;leading;misleading 19.unsteady；steadily 20.vividly1.raise a question★提出问题2.from a new angle 从新的角度3.creative imagination 创造性的想象力4.(be) related to★与……有关5.take a photo / picture★拍照6.in the future★在将来;今后7.scientific research 科学研究8.draw / arrive at / come to / reach a conclusion★得出结论9.collect data★收集资料ed to be ★过去是11.in time 经过一段时间之后;迟早;及时12.rise to become a famous doctor 成为名医13.attend to★照料;处理;接待14.give birth (to sb) ★生孩子;生下(某人)15.the desire to do sth★做某事的渴望16.once and for all 最终地;彻底地17.in general★大体上;一般地18.cause a disease 引起疾病19.subscribe to 同意;赞同20.be determined / make up one's mind to do sth ★决心做某事21.begin by doing sth 首先做某事22.water pump 水泵23.such as ★例如24.be to blame (for sth)★ (对某事)负有责任25.what is more 更为重要的是;更有甚者26.It seems (that) ...★似乎……;看样子……27.have sth done★让(他人)为你做(某事)28.as a result (of)★作为(……的)结果;由于……29.be able / unable to do sth★能够做某事/不能够做某事30.stop in one’s tracks (尤指因惊吓而)突然停下31.a link between ... and ...★…和…之间的联系32.raw waste 未经处理的废弃物33.be likely to do sth★可能做某事34.get cholera 感染上霍乱35.pure / boiled water 纯净水/开水36.tireless efforts 不懈努力37.substantial decrease 大幅降低38.thanks to★幸亏;由于39.consider ... (to be) sth★认为……是……40.It is believed (that) ... 人们认为……;据信……41.write out 填写42.suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做)某事43.be linked to / with ★与……有关联/联系44.serve dinner 供应晚饭45.fight the common cold 抵抗普通感冒46.rather than / instead of★而不是;代替47.make sense★有意义;讲得通48.resistance to medicine 抗药能力49.work on★致力于;从事于50.side effects (药物的)副作用51.make substantial advances in 在……领域取得重大进展52.make sure 确保;弄清楚e sth as sth 把某物用作某物54.initial stage / period 初期55.depend upon / on ★信赖;依靠;取决于56.carry out / conduct / do research ★进行研究57.in the first place 一开始;起初58.theoretical framework 理论框架59.calm down ★(使)平静下来;(使)镇静下来60.get down to doing sth ★开始做某事;开始认真对待某61.in the end ★最后;终于62.focus on / upon★集中(注意力、精力等)于63.at times ★有时;间或64.in a whisper ★低声地65.for a while 一会儿66.move around / about 四处走动;经常搬动67.cast / throw a shadow ★投下影子68.in fact/effect/reality/practice★实际上;事实上69.as soon as / the moment / instant (that)★一……就……70.make a great scientist 成为伟大的科学家71.the father of China's aerospace 中国航天之父72.have an impact / effect / influence on★对……有影响73.be described as 被描述为….74.an extremely well-respected man 极受尊敬的人75.attend school上学76.make / take a decision★作出决定77.switch to 转换;转向;转变78.air force 空军79.protect and defend the country 保卫国家80.rocket propulsion 火箭推进力81.overcome difficulties★克服困难82.receive a hero's welcome 受到英雄般的欢迎83.in charge of★主管;掌管84.discourage sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事85.take on 接受(工作):呈现:雇用:承担(责任);与……较量86.under sb's leadership 在某人的领导下87.trace sth (back) to sth ★把某物追溯到某物上88.earn the name of 获得……的(美)名89.be saddened by 对……感到难过/伤心90.be familiar with★熟悉……e down with患(病);染上(小病)92.achieve / gain / acquire / win fame获得名声93.the origin of the universe 宇宙起源94.the steady state theory 稳态理论95.the big bang theory 大爆炸理论96.stand up / rise to one's feet★站起身来97.point out 指出;指明98.make a mistake★犯错误99.be willing to do sth★乐意/愿意做某事100.be afraid / scared / frightened to do sth★害怕做某事101.dream of / about (doing) sth 梦想(做)某事102.a fight / struggle against★与……的斗争103.above all★最重要的是;尤其是104.because of / due to ★由于;因为105.personal interest 个人爱好106.even though / if ★尽管;即使107.apart / aside from ★s 除……外(尚有);除……外(别无108.personal qualities★个人品质109.make up★组成;构成;编造110.statistical analysis 统计分析111.settle the conflict 解决冲突112.think outside the box 跳出框框思考;不拘一格地思考113.a vivid imagination★丰富的想象力114.start out as 起初(是);最初(是)115.be gifted with 天生具有……116.benefit from★从……中受益;得益于117.solve / settle / resolve / overcome a problem 解决问题118.give sb advice★给某人建议119.have the ability to do sth★有能力做某事e up with★想出;想到121.at first / in the beginning★起初;起先122.serve as ★充当;担当123.suffer from ★遭受;患……病124.refuse to do sth★拒绝做某事125.turn into★ (使)变成;(使)成为126.be proud of 为……而自豪127.be part of sth★是某事物的一部分(局部)128.human nature 人性129.be curious about ★对……感到好奇★在某人看来V1. To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science. 一 Albert Einstein & LeopoldInfeld(P1)提出新问题，发现新可能，从新角度审视已存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。
大学物理英文版的中文词汇对照表
Conductors & dielectrics in electrostatic fieldDielectric 电介质 Electrostatic equilibrium 静电平衡 Polarization 极化 Relative permittivity of dielectric 电介质的相对电容率 Electric susceptibility 电极化率 Electric displacement 电位移矢量 Metal 金属 Capacitor 电容器 Capacitance 电容 Farad 法拉 Breakdown field strength （dielectric strength） 击穿电场强度 (电介质绝缘强度) Parallel combination 并联 Series combination 串联 Energy of electrostatic field 静电场的能量Electrostatic induction 静电感应 Electrostatic shield 静电屏蔽 Coaxial 同轴的 Isotropic 各向同性的 Free charge 自由电荷 Polarized charge 极化电荷 Electric polarization 电极化强度 Permittivity of dielectric 电介质的电容率 Gauss’s law with dielectric 电介质中的高斯定理 Conducting 导电的 Parallel-plate capacitor 平行板电容器 Cylindrical capacitor 圆柱形电容器 Spherical capacitor 球形电容器 Energy density of electrostatic filed 静电场的能量密度Magnetic forces & magnetic fieldsMagnetic field 磁场 Steady current 恒定电流 Electric current 电流 Drift speed 漂移速率 Magnetic induction 磁感应强度 The Biot-Savart law 毕奥-萨伐尔定律 Infinitesimal 无限小的 Permeability of free space 真空磁导率 Principle of superposition of magnetic induction 磁感应强度叠加原理 Loop, Coil 线圈 Solenoid 螺线管 Angular velocity 角速度 Magnetic flux 磁通量 Gauss’s law in magnetic fieldSteady magnetic field 恒定磁场 Electromotive force (emf) 电动势 Current density 电流密度 Conduction current 传导电流 Ampere 安培 Circuit 电路，回路 Magnet 磁铁 Tesla 特斯拉 Current element 电流元 Right-hand rule 右手螺旋定则 Current-carrying 载流的 Extending line 延长线 Magnetic moment 磁矩 Magnetic induction lines 磁感应线 Ampere’s loop law 安培环路定理磁场中的高斯定理 Clockwise 顺时针的 Anticlockwise (counterclockwise) 逆时针的 Ideal 理想的 Closed path 闭合路径 Turn 匝，圈 Lorentz force 洛伦兹力 Ampere force 安培力 period 周期 Ampere law 安培定律 Torque 转矩 Magnetization 磁化Rectangle 长方形的 Cross section 截面 Toroid 螺绕环 Closely spaced 密绕的 Magnetic medium 磁介质 Ampere’s loop law in magnetic medium 磁介质中的安培环路定理 Magnetic permeability 磁导率 Relative magnetic permeability 相对磁导率 Magnetization intensity 磁化强度 Magnetization current 磁化电流 Magnetic field intensity 磁场强度Faraday’s law & inductanceFaraday’s law of induction 法拉第电磁感应定律 Induction electromotive force 感应电动势 Magnetic flux linkage 磁链 Vary 变化 Motional electromotive force 动生电动势 Bar 棒 Pivot 支点 Induced electric field 感生电场 Mutual inductance electromotive force 互感电动势 Henry 亨利 Energy of magnetic field 磁场的能量 Energy density of magnetic field 磁场的能量密度 Cable 电缆 Displacement current 位移电流 Full current 全电流Induction current 感应电流 Lenz’s law 楞次定律 Move away from 离开 Upwards 向上 Downwards 向下 Induced electromotive force 感生电动势 Electromagnetic field 电磁场 Self-inductance electromotive force 自感电动势 Self-inductance 自感 Mutual-inductance 互感 Volume element 体积元 Displacement current density 位移电流密度 Ampere’s loop law in full current 全电流安培环路定理 Maxwell electromagnetism theorem 麦克斯韦电磁场理论 Maxwell’s equations 麦克斯韦方程组。
新版中国科学技术大学地球物理学考研经验考研参考书考研真题
新版中国科学技术⼤学地球物理学考研经验考研参考书考研真题在决定考研的那⼀刻，我已预料到这⼀年将是怎样的⼀年，我做好了全⾝⼼地准备和精⼒来应对这⼀年枯燥、乏味、重复、单调的机械式⽣活。
可是虽然如此，我实在是⼀个有⾎有⾁的⼈呐，⾯对诱惑和惰性，甚⾄⼏次妥协，妥协之后⼜陷⼊对⾃⼰深深的⾃责愧疚当中。
这种情绪反反复复，曾⼏度崩溃。
所以在此想要跟各位讲，⼼态⽅⾯要调整好，不要像我⼀样使⾃⼰陷⼊极端的情绪当中，这样⽆论是对⾃⼰正常⽣活还是考研复习都是⾮常不利的。
所以我想把这⼀年的经历写下来，⽤以告慰我在去年饱受折磨的⼼脏和躯体。
告诉它们今年我终于拿到了⼼仪学校的录取通知书，你们的付出和忍耐也终于可以扬眉了。
知道⾃⼰成功上岸的那⼀刻⼼情是极度开⼼的，所有⼼酸泪⽔，⼀扫⽽空，只剩下满⼼欢喜和对未来的向往。
⾸先⾮常想对⼤家讲的是，⼤家选择考研的这个决定实在是太正确了。
⾮常⿎励⼤家做这个决定，⼿握通知书，对未来充满着信念的现在的我尤其这样认为。
当然不是说除了考研就没有了别的出路。
只不过个⼈感觉考研这条路⾛的⽐较⽅便，流程也⽐较清晰。
没有太⼤的不稳定性，顶多是考上，考不上的问题。
⽽考得上考不上这个主观能动性太强了，就是说，⾃⼰决定⾃⼰的前途。
所以下⾯便是我这⼀年来积攒的所有⼲货，希望可以对⼤家有⼀点点⼩⼩的帮助。
由于想讲的实在⽐较多，所以篇幅较长，希望⼤家可以耐⼼看完。
⽂章结尾会附上我⾃⼰的学习资料，⼤家可以⾃取。
中国科学技术⼤学地球物理学初试科⽬为(101)思想政治理论(201)英语⼀(601)⾼等数学B(831)普通物理参考书⽬为1.普通物理:⼤学本科通⽤教材2.⼤⽓物理学：《⼤⽓物理学》盛裴轩等编，北京⼤⽓出版社，2003年；3.《⼤⽓物理学基础》，许绍祖等编，⽓象出版社，1993年4.⾼等数学B:《微积分》（上、下册），谢盛刚等编，科学出版社，第1版，2004年；5.《微积分学导论》（上、下册），陈祖墀等编，中国科技⼤学出版社，第1版，2011年先说说英语复习⼼得⼀.词汇词汇的复习流程其实都⽐较熟悉了，就是反复记忆。
地理词汇英语翻译(B开头)
地理词汇英语翻译(B开头) b horizon 淀积层back action 反酌back azimuth 反方位角back flow 逆流back marsh 漫滩沼泽back radiation 反向辐射back sight 后视back slope 反向斜面back swamp 漫滩沼泽back titration 回滴定back traverse 逆行back up 背面印刷back up water level 回升水位backed blade 刀形石器backflow 逆流回流background noise 背景噪声background pollution 背景污染background value 背景值backing of the wind 风向反转backscattering spectrometry 后散射能谱测定法backshore 滨后backstromite 氢氧锰矿backwash 洄流backwater 壅水backwater curve 回水曲线bacterial equilibrium 细菌平衡bacterial fertilizer 细菌肥料bacterial manure 细菌肥料bacterial prospecting 细菌勘探bacteriolysis 溶菌bacteriophage 噬菌体bacteriostatic agent 抑菌剂bad land 崎岖地baddeleyite 斜锆石baectuite 白头岩baer's law 贝尔定律bajirs 沙丘长湖baking coal 粘结煤balance 平衡balanced solution 平衡溶液balka 平谷balka relief 平谷地貌ball lightning 球状闪电ball structure 球状结构balloon 气球balloon remote sensing 气球遥感balloon satellite 气球卫星balneology 浴疗学band 夹层band model method 带模式法band pass filter 带通滤光器band reject filter 带阻滤波器band spectrum 带谱banded cloud 带状云系banded gneiss 带状片麻岩banded structure 带状结构banding 条状bandspread 频带扩展bandy clay 带状粘土bank 砂洲bank erosion 堤岸侵蚀bankful stage 漫滩水位banking angle 倾斜角banner cloud 旗状云bar 沙洲barchan chains 新月形沙丘链barchane 新月形砂丘bare karst 裸喀斯特baric low 低气压baric topography 气压形势barite 重晶石barium 钡bark beetles 小蠹虫barkhan 新月形砂丘barkhan ridges 新月形沙丘链barkhan sand 新月形砂丘砂barocline 斜压baroclinic atmosphere 斜压大气barogradient current 气压梯度流barogram 气压自记曲线barograph 气压记录仪;气压仪;气压计barogyroscope 气压陀螺仪barometer 气压表barometer correction 气压计改正barometric altimeter 气压测高计barometric depression 低气压barometric distribution 气压分布barometric gradient 气压梯度barometric height 气压计高程barometric tendency 气压倾向barometric tube 气压计管barometrical levelling 气压计高程测量barophilic bacterium 适压细菌barothermograph 气压温度计barotropic atmosphere 正压大气barotropic fluid 正压铃barrage 拦河坝barranco 峡谷barren 无矿的barren lands 瘠地barren limestone plateau 不毛石灰岩高原barren sand 不毛沙地barrens 瘠地barrier 障碍barrier lake 堰塞湖barrier reef 堤礁barrow 矸石埸barthite 砷锌铜矿barysphere 重圈baryta paper 钡白纸baryte 重晶石basal area 底面积basal conglomerate 底砾岩basal sandstone 基底砂岩basal zone of mountains 山基面带basalt 玄武岩basaltic augite 玄武辉石basaltic layer of the earth's crust 地壳玄武岩层basaltic wacke 玄土basanite 碧玄岩base 基线base apparatus 基线测量器base carriage 基线架base desaturation 盐基脱饱和base direction 基线方向base exchange 盐基交换base exchange capacity 盐基交换量base exchange complex 盐基交换复合体base height ratio 基线航高比base level of corrosion 溶蚀基准面base level of denudation 剥蚀基准面base level of erosion 侵蚀基面base line 基线base line equation 基线方程base map 基本地图base measurement 基线测量base network 基线网base of bed 层底base saturation 盐基饱和baseband signal 基带信号baselevel of erosion 侵蚀基面basement 基底basement fold 基底褶皱basement of platform 地台基底basement rock 基岩basic geochemical law 地球化学基本定律basic geochemical maps 基本地球化学图basic igneous rock 基性火成岩basic lava 基性熔岩basic map 基本地图basic rock 基性岩basicity 碱度basin 盆地basin irrigation 漫灌basin karst 盆地喀斯特basin landscape 盆地景观basin mire 盆地沼泽basin of volcanic origin 火山盆地basin perimeter 硫周长basin shape 盆地形状basin soil 盆地土壤basin without outflow 无排水盆地basiphile plants 好碱土植物basiphilous plants 好碱土植物basis 基线basite 基性岩basoid 碱性胶体basophilia 嗜碱性basophilic plant 喜碱植物basophilous vegetation 喜碱植被bastard measles 风疹batholite 岩基batholith 岩基bathyal deposits 半深海沉积物bathygraph 海水探测仪bathylith 岩基bathymetric chart 水深图bathymetric curve 等深线bathymetry 测深法bathymetry using remote sensing 遥感海洋测深bathythermograph 深水温度表batukite 暗色白玄岩bauxite 铝土矿bay 湾bayleyite 菱镁铀矿bayou lake 旧河道湖beach 海岸beach cusps 海滩嘴beach drifting 沿滩漂移beach erosion 海岸侵蚀beach gravel 海滨砾石beach material 海滩泥沙beach placer 海滨砂矿beach plain 海滩平原beach ridge 滩脊beach slope 海滨坡度beach terrace 滨岸阶地beacon 航标beaded valley 串珠状谷beam compasses 杠规beam spliter 分光镜bean shaped structure 豆形结构bearing 方位bearing point 方位点beat 露头bed 层bed development 河床演变bed load 推移质bed pattern 河床型式bed succession 层序bed toxin 蜂毒bed vein 层状脉bedded alluvium 层状冲积层bedded clay 层状粘土bedded deposit 层状矿床bedded rock 层状岩bedded structure 层状结构bedding 层理bedding fault 层面断层bedding joint 层面节理bedding plane 层理面bedrock 基岩behavior 行为behavior of elements 元素的行为beheaded river 夺劣beheaded valley 断头谷beidellite 贝得石belt area 带状分布区belt of equatorial calm 赤道无风带belt of soil water 土壤水分带belt of transition 过渡带belt of weathering 风化带belt transect 样带belt transect method 样带法belted coastal plain 带状沿岸平原查字典地理网有最全面的地理知识，欢迎大家继续阅读学习。
课程中英文翻译对照表
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材料科学与工程Materials Science and Engineering材料物理与化学Materials Physics and Chemistry材料学Materialogy材料加工工程Materials Processing Engineering冶金工程Metallurgical Engineering冶金物理化学Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy钢铁冶金Ferrous Metallurgy有色金属冶金Non-ferrous Metallurgy动力工程及工程热物理Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics 工程热物理Engineering Thermophysics热能工程Thermal Power Engineering动力机械及工程Power Machinery and Engineering流体机械及工程Fluid Machinery and Engineering制冷及低温工程Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering化工过程机械Chemical Process Equipment电气工程Electrical Engineering电机与电器Electric Machines and Electric Apparatus电力系统及其自动化Power System and its Automation高电压与绝缘技术High Voltage and Insulation Technology电力电子与电力传动Power Electronics and Power Drives电工理论与新技术Theory and New Technology of Electrical Engineering电子科学与技术Electronics Science and Technology物理电子学Physical Electronics电路与系统Circuits and Systems微电子学与固体电子学Microelectronics and Solid State Electronics电磁场与微波技术Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology信息与通信工程Information and Communication Engineering通信与信息系统Communication and Information Systems信号与信息处理Signal and Information Processing控制科学与工程Control Science and Engineering控制理论与控制工程Control Theory and Control Engineering检测技术与自动化装置Detection Technology and Automatic Equipment系统工程Systems Engineering模式识别与智能系统Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems导航、制导与控制Navigation, Guidance and Control计算机科学与技术Computer Science and Technology计算机软件与理论Computer Software and Theory计算机系统结构Computer Systems Organization计算机应用技术Computer Applied Technology建筑学Architecture建筑历史与理论Architectural History and Theory建筑设计及其理论Architectural Design and Theory城市规划与设计（含风景园林规划与设计）Urban Planning and Design (including Landscape Planning and Design)建筑技术科学Building Technology Science土木工程Civil Engineering岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering结构工程Structural Engineering市政工程Municipal Engineering供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering防灾减灾工程及防护工程Disaster Prevention and Reduction Engineering and Protective Engineering桥梁与隧道工程Bridge and Tunnel Engineering水利工程Hydraulic Engineering水文学及水资源Hydrology and Water Resources水力学及河流动力学Hydraulics and River Dynamics水工结构工程Hydraulic Structure Engineering水利水电工程Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering港口、海岸及近海工程Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering测绘科学与技术Surveying and Mapping大地测量学与测量工程Geodesy and Survey Engineering摄影测量与遥感Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing地图制图学与地理信息工程Cartography and Geographic Information Engineering化学工程与技术Chemical Engineering and Technology化学工程Chemical Engineering化学工艺Chemical Technology生物化工Biochemical Engineering应用化学Applied Chemistry工业催化Industrial Catalysis地质资源与地质工程Geological Resources and Geological Engineering矿产普查与勘探Mineral Resource Prospecting and Exploration地球探测与信息技术Geodetection and Information Technology地质工程Geological Engineering矿业工程Mineral Engineering采矿工程Mining Engineering矿物加工工程Mineral Processing Engineering安全技术及工程Safety Technology and Engineering石油与天然气工程Oil and Natural Gas Engineering油气井工程Oil-Gas Well Engineering油气田开发工程Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering油气储运工程Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Engineering纺织科学与工程Textile Science and Engineering纺织工程Textile Engineering纺织材料与纺织品设计Textile Material and Textiles Design纺织化学与染整工程Textile Chemistry and Dyeing and Finishing Engineering服装设计与工程Clothing Design and Engineering轻工技术与工程The Light Industry Technology and Engineering制浆造纸工程Pulp and Paper Engineering制糖工程Sugar Engineering发酵工程Fermentation Engineering皮革化学与工程Leather Chemistry and Engineering交通运输工程Communication and Transportation Engineering道路与铁道工程Highway and Railway Engineering交通信息工程及控制Traffic Information Engineering & Control交通运输规划与管理Transportation Planning and Management载运工具运用工程Vehicle Operation Engineering船舶与海洋工程Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering船舶与海洋结构物设计制造Design and Construction of Naval Architecture and Ocean Structure轮机工程Marine Engine Engineering水声工程Underwater Acoustics Engineering航空宇航科学与技术Aeronautical and Astronautical Science and Technology飞行器设计Flight Vehicle Design航空宇航推进理论与工程Aerospace Propulsion Theory and Engineering航空宇航器制造工程Manufacturing Engineering of Aerospace Vehicle人机与环境工程Man-Machine and Environmental Engineering兵器科学与技术Armament Science and Technology武器系统与运用工程Weapon Systems and Utilization Engineering兵器发射理论与技术Armament Launch Theory and Technology火炮、自动武器与弹药工程Artillery, Automatic Gun and Ammunition Engineering军事化学与烟火技术Military Chemistry and Pyrotechnics核科学与技术Nuclear Science and Technology核能科学与工程Nuclear Energy Science and Engineering核燃料循环与材料Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials核技术及应用Nuclear Technology and Applications辐射防护及环境保护Radiation and Environmental Protection农业工程Agricultural Engineering农业机械化工程Agricultural Mechanization Engineering农业水土工程Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering农业生物环境与能源工程Agricultural Biological Environmental and Energy Engineering 农业电气化与自动化Agricultural Electrification and Automation林业工程Forestry Engineering森林工程Forest Engineering木材科学与技术Wood Science and Technology林产化学加工工程Chemical Processing Engineering of Forest Products环境科学与工程Environmental Science and Engineering环境科学Environmental Science环境工程Environmental Engineering生物医学工程Biomedical Engineering食品科学与工程Food Science and Engineering食品科学Food Science粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程Cereals, Oils and Vegetable Protein Engineering农产品加工及贮藏工程Processing and Storage of Agriculture Products水产品加工及贮藏工程Processing and Storage of Aquatic Products农学Agriculture作物学Crop Science作物栽培学与耕作学Crop Cultivation and Farming System作物遗传育种学Crop Genetics and Breeding园艺学Horticulture果树学Pomology蔬菜学Olericulture茶学Tea Science农业资源利用学Utilization Science of Agricultural Resources土壤学Soil Science植物营养学Plant Nutrition植物保护学Plant Protection植物病理学Plant Pathology农业昆虫与害虫防治Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control农药学Pesticide Science畜牧学Animal Science动物遗传育种与繁殖Animal Genetics, Breeding and ReproductionScience动物营养与饲料科学Animal Nutrition and Feed Science草业科学Practaculture Science特种经济动物饲养学（含蚕、蜂等）The Rearing of Special-type EconomicAnimals (including Silkworm, Honeybees, etc.)兽医学Veterinary Medicine基础兽医学Basic Veterinary Medicine预防兽医学Preventive Veterinary Medicine临床兽医学Clinical Veterinary Medicine林学Forestry林木遗传育种学Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding森林培育学Silviculture森林保护学Forest Protection森林经理学Forest Management野生动植物保护与利用Wildlife Conservation and Utilization园林植物与观赏园艺Ornamental Plants and Horticulture水土保持与荒漠化防治Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating水产学Fisheries Science水产养殖学Aquaculture Science捕捞学Fishing Science渔业资源学Science of Fisheries Resources医学Medicine基础医学Basic Medicine人体解剖与组织胚胎学Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology免疫学Immunology病原生物学Pathogenic Organisms病理学与病理生理学Pathology and Pathophysiology法医学Forensic Medicine放射医学Radiation Medicine航空航天与航海医学Aerospace and Nautical medicine临床医学Clinical Medicine内科学（含心血管病学、血液病学、呼吸系病学、消化系病学、内分泌与代谢病学、肾脏病学、风湿病学、传染病学）Internal medicine (including Cardiology, Hematology, Respiratory, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nephrology, Rheuma-tology, Infectious Diseases)儿科学Pediatrics老年医学Geriatrics神经病学Neurology精神病与精神卫生学Psychiatry and Mental Health皮肤病与性病学Dermatology and Venereology影像医学与核医学Imaging and Nuclear Medicine临床检验诊断学Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics护理学Nursing外科学（含普通外科学、骨外科学、泌尿外科学、胸心血管外科学、神经外科学、整形外科学、烧伤外科学、野战外科学）Surgery (General Surgery, Orthopedics, Urology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery, Burn Surgery, Field Surgery)妇产科学Obstetrics and Gynecology眼科学Ophthalmic Specialty耳鼻咽喉科学Otolaryngology肿瘤学Oncology康复医学与理疗学Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy运动医学Sports Medicine麻醉学Anesthesiology急诊医学Emergency Medicine口腔医学Stomatology口腔基础医学Basic Science of Stomatology口腔临床医学Clinical Science of Stomatology公共卫生与预防医学Public Health and Preventive Medicine流行病与卫生统计学Epidemiology and Health Statistics劳动卫生与环境卫生学Occupational and Environmental Health营养与食品卫生学Nutrition and Food Hygiene儿少卫生与妇幼保健学Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health卫生毒理学Hygiene Toxicology军事预防医学Military Preventive Medicine中医学Chinese Medicine中医基础理论Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine中医临床基础Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine中医医史文献History and Literature of Chinese Medicine方剂学Formulas of Chinese Medicine中医诊断学Diagnostics of Chinese Medicine中医内科学Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学Surgery of Chinese Medicine中医骨伤科学Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine中医妇科学Gynecology of Chinese Medicine中医儿科学Pediatrics of Chinese Medicine中医五官科学Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine针灸推拿学Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina of Chinese medicine民族医学Ethnomedicine中西医结合医学Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine中西医结合基础医学Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative中西医结合临床医学Clinical Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine药学Pharmaceutical Science药物化学Medicinal Chemistry药剂学Pharmaceutics生药学Pharmacognosy药物分析学Pharmaceutical Analysis微生物与生化药学Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy药理学Pharmacology中药学Science of Chinese Pharmacology军事学Military Science军事思想学及军事历史学Military Thought and Military History军事思想学Military Thought军事历史学Military History战略学Science of Strategy军事战略学Military Strategy战争动员学War Mobilization战役学Science of Operations联合战役学Joint Operation军种战役学（含第二炮兵战役学）Armed Service Operation (including Operation of Strategic Missile Force)战术学Science of Tactics合同战术学Combined-Arms Tactics兵种战术学Branch Tactics军队指挥学Science of Command作战指挥学Combat Command军事运筹学Military Operation Research军事通信学Military Communication军事情报学Military Intelligence密码学Cryptography军事教育训练学（含军事体育学）Military Education and Training (including Military Physical Training) 军制学Science of Military System军事组织编制学Military Organizational System军队管理学Military Management军队政治工作学Science of Military Political Work军事后勤学与军事装备学Science of Military Logistics and Military Equipment军事后勤学Military Logistics后方专业勤务Rear Special Service军事装备学Military Equipment管理学Management Science管理科学与工程Management Science and Engineering工商管理学Science of Business Administration会计学Accounting企业管理学（含财务管理、市场营销学、人力资源管理学）Corporate Management (including Financial Management, Marketing, and Human Resources Management)旅游管理学Tourist Management技术经济及管理学Technology Economy and Management农林经济管理学Agricultural and Forestry Economics & Management农业经济管理学Agricultural Economics & Management林业经济管理学Forestry Economics & Management公共管理学Science of Public Management行政管理学Administration Management社会医学与卫生事业管理学Social Medicine and Health Management教育经济与管理学Educational Economy and Management社会保障学Social Security土地资源管理学Land Resource Management图书馆、情报与档案学Science of Library, Information and Archival图书馆学Library Science情报学Information Science档案学Archival ScienceC++ 程序设计Programming With C++Java程序设计Java ProgrammingVLSI测试与可测试性设计Testing and Testable Design of VLSI Systems安全信息系统概论Introduction to Secure Information Systems编译程序高级教程Compilers:An Advances Course变革管理Change Management并行处理Parallel Process博士学位英语Doctoral English Program程序的形式验证Formal Verification of Programs抽象代数Abstract Algebra处理器体系结构前沿Frontier Processors Architecture代数拓扑Algebraic Topology当代西方财务管理理论与实务Contemporary Corporate Finance-Theory and Practice 德语（二外）German电子商务与网络营销Electronic Commerce and Cyber-Marketing多媒体计算机技术Multimedia Computer Technology多媒体计算机技术及应用Multimedia:technologies&Applications泛函分析Functional Analysis分布式操作系统Distributed Operating Systems分布式多媒体计算机系统Distributed Multimedia Computer Systems风险投资与创业计划Venture CapitalVenture Capital and Business Plan复变函数与积分变换Function of Complex Variable and Integral Transform高等数理统计Mathematical Statistics高级管理学Advanced Management高级计算机网络Advanced Computer Networks高级人工智能Advanced Artificial Intelligence高级软件工程Advanced Course on Software Engineering高性能计算机系统High Performance Computer Systems管理会计学Management Accounting管理信息系统Management Information System管理学基础Basic Management广义相对论基础Introduction to General Relativity规划论Mathmatical Programming国际企业管理International Enterprise Management国家税收The National Tax会计学Accounting会计学原理Principles of Financial Accounting机器人学概论Introduction to Robotics计算机控制理论及应用Computer Controll Theory and Application计算机视觉Computer Vision计算机算法设计与分析The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms计算机体系结构Computer System Architecture计算机通信网络安全Computer Communication Network Security计算机图形学Computer Graphics计算机图形学在生命科学中的应用Computer Graphics and applications in life sciences 计算机网络Computer Networks计算机网络导论Computer Network Introduction计算机网络设计与性能分析Computer Network Design and Performance Analysis计算机网络体系结构Computer Networks Architecture计算机系统性能评价Performance Evaluation of Computer Systems计算语言学Computational Linguistics技术创新管理Technology Management技术和工程哲学Philosophy of Technology and Engineering近世代数Modern Algebra纠错编码理论Coding Theory矩阵分析Matrix Analysis决策分析Decision Analysis科技战略导论Introduction of Science & Technology Strategy科学技术史History of Science and Technology科学社会学Sociology of Science科学社会主义理论与实践Theory and Practice of Scientific Socialism科学哲学导论Introduction to Philosophy of Science可持续发展的理论与实践Sustainable Development in Theory and Practice可计算性与计算复杂性Computability and Complexity of Computing李群和李代数Lie Groups and Lie Algebras量子场论Quantum Field Theory量子力学Quantum Mechanics量子统计Quantum Statistical Mechanics论语研读The Study on the Analects of Confucius美学理论与鉴赏Aesthetic Theories and the Appreciation of Art密码学Cryptography面向对象程序设计--C++ Object-Oriented Programming模式识别Pattern Recognition and Inteligence System企业资源计划（ERP) Enterprise Resource Planning情报研究与信息咨询Information Research and Information Consultation群论Group Theory人工智能理论与实现Artificial Intelligence Theory and Implemention人工智能原理The principles of Artificial Intelligence认知心理学Cognitive Psychology日语（二外）Japanese软件工程software Engineering软件开发和程序设计方法学Software Development and Programming Methodology神经计算Neural Computing审计学Auditing生产与运作管理Production and Operation Management实验心理学Experimental Psychology数据库技术Database Technology数理逻辑Mathematical Logic数学模型及其应用Mathematical Models and Its Applications数学物理方程Differential Equations in Mathematical Physics数值分析Numerical Analysis数值计算方法Numerical Computing Methods数值线性代数Numerical Linear Algebra数字集成系统设计Design of Digital Integrated System数字图书馆研究Digital Libraries数字图象处理Digital Image Processing硕士学位英语MS English Program随机过程Stochastic Processes随机数学概论Introduction to Mathematics of Randomness投资学Financial Investments图书馆自动化系统The Library Automation System图与网络流理论Graph Theory and Network Flow Theory微分方程数值解Numerical Solutions of Differential Equations微分几何Differential Geometry微分流行Differentiable Manifolds微观经济学基础Fundamentals of MicroEconomics文献信息学理论与实践Theory and Practice of Documentary Information系统辨识System Identification先进计算机和软件技术系统讲座Topics in advanced computer and software technology 现代计算机代数Modern Computer Algebra现代情报学理论与方法Introduction of Modern Information Science现代数字通信Modern Digital Communication现代数字信号处理Advanced Digital Signal Processing现代通信原理Modern Communication System Principles现代图书馆学理论与方法Linear Algebra Theory现代西方哲学Western Contemporary Philosophy线性代数学Theories and Methods of Mo线性系统控制理论Linear System Control Theory项目管理Project Management心理多元统计分析Multivariate Statistic Analysis for Psychology心理评估Psychological Assessment心理学研究方法Research Method of Psychology信号检测与估计Signal Detection and Estimation信息工程Information Engineering信息经济学Information Economy信息论与编码Information Theory and Coding信息政策与法律Information policy and law信息咨询理论与方法Theory and Method of Information Consultation形式语言与自动机理论Formal language and Automata theory形式语义学引论Introduction to Formal Semantics遥感图像处理Remote Sensing Image Processing应用概率论Applied Probability Theory应用软件开发工具Computer aided tools for system modeling&programming应用统计学Applied Statistics英美社会与文化Society and Culture in Britain and America营销管理Marketing Management有限元方法的数学基础The Mathematical Bases of Finite Element Methods语音交互技术基本原理Fundamental of Speech Interaction Technology运作管理Operation Management战略管理Strategic Management战略信息管理Strategic Information Management张量分析Matrix and Tensor Analysis证券投资概论Introduction to Security Investment智能控制理论基础及应用Intelligent Control-Fundamentals and Applications中国现代作家研究Modern Chinese Writers Study中外伦理思想流派Thoughts of Ethics in West and East自然辨证法Dialectics of Nature自然辨证法与科技革命Dialectics of Nature and Scientific and Technical Revolution 组合数学Combinatorial Mathematics组合优化Combinatorial Optimization最优化计算方法Optimization Computing Methods最优化算法Algorithms for Optimization最优控制理论Optimum Control Theory生物物理学Biophysics真空冷冻干燥技术Vacuum Freezing & Drying Technology16位微机16 Digit MicrocomputerALGOL语言ALGOL LanguageBASIC 语言BASIC LanguageBASIC 语言及应用BASIC Language & ApplicationC 语言C LanguageCAD 概论Introduction to CADCAD/CAM CAD/CAMCOBOL语言COBOL LanguageCOBOL语言程序设计COBOL Language Program DesigningC与UNIX环境C Language & Unix EnvironmentC语言与生物医学信息处理C Language & Biomedical Information Processing dBASE Ⅲ课程设计C ourse Exercise in dBASE ⅢFORTRAN语言FORTRAN LanguageIBM-PC/XT Fundamentals of Microcomputer IBM-PC/XTIBM-PC微机原理Fundamentals of Microcomputer IBM-PCLSI设计基础Basic of LSI DesigningPASCAL大型作业PASCAL Wide Range WorkingPASCAL课程设计Course Exercise in PASCALX射线与电镜X-ray & Electric MicroscopeZ-80汇编语言程序设计Z-80 Pragramming in Assembly Languages板壳理论Plate Theory板壳力学Plate Mechanics半波实验Semiwave Experiment半导体变流技术Semiconductor Converting Technology半导体材料Semiconductor Materials半导体测量Measurement of Semiconductors半导体瓷敏元件Semiconductor Porcelain-Sensitive Elements半导体光电子学Semiconductor Optic Electronics半导体化学Semiconductor Chemistry半导体激光器Semiconductor Laser Unit半导体集成电路Semiconductor Integrated Circuitry半导体理论Semiconductive Theory半导体器件Semiconductor Devices半导体器件工艺原理Technological Fundamentals of Semiconductor Device半导体物理Semiconductor Physics半导体专业Semiconduction Specialty半导体专业实验Specialty Experiment of Semiconductor薄膜光学Film Optics报告文学专题Special Subject On Reportage报刊编辑学Newspaper & Magazine Editing报纸编辑学Newspaper Editing泵与风机Pumps and Fans泵与水机Pumps & Water Turbines毕业设计Graduation Thesis编译方法Methods of Compiling编译技术Technique of Compiling编译原理Fundamentals of Compiling变电站的微机检测与控制Computer Testing & Control in Transformer Substation变分法与张量Calculus of Variations & Tensor变分学Calculus of Variations变质量系统热力学与新型回转压Variable Quality System Thermal Mechanics & Neo-Ro 表面活性物质Surface Reactive Materials并行算法Parallel Algorithmic波谱学Wave Spectrum材料的力学性能测试Measurement of Material Mechanical Performance材料力学Mechanics of Materials财务成本管理Financial Cost Management财政学Public Finance财政与金融Finance & Banking财政与信贷Finance & Credit操作系统Disk Operating System操作系统课程设计Course Design in Disk Operating System操作系统原理Fundamentals of Disk Operating System策波测量技术Technique of Whip Wave Measurement测量原理与仪器设计Measurement Fundamentals & Meter Design测试技术Testing Technology测试与信号变换处理Testing & Signal Transformation Processing产业经济学Industrial Economy产业组织学Industrial Organization Technoooligy场论Field Theory常微分方程Ordinary Differentical Equations超导磁体及应用Superconductive Magnet & Application超导及应用Superconductive & Application超精微细加工Super-Precision & Minuteness Processing城市规划原理Fundamentals of City Planning城市社会学Urban Sociology成组技术Grouping Technique齿轮啮合原理Principles of Gear Connection冲击测量及误差Punching Measurement & Error冲压工艺Sheet Metal Forming Technology抽象代数Abstract Algebra传动概论Introduction to Transmission传感器与检测技术Sensors & Testing Technology传感器原理Fundamentals of Sensors传感器原理及应用Fundamentals of Sensors & Application传热学Heat Transfer传坳概论Introduction to Pass Col船舶操纵Ship Controling船舶电力系统Ship Electrical Power System船舶电力系统课程设计Course Exercise in Ship Electrical Power System 船舶电气传动自动化Ship Electrified Transmission Automation船舶电站Ship Power Station船舶动力装置Ship Power Equipment船舶概论Introduction to Ships船舶焊接与材料Welding & Materials on Ship船舶机械控制技术Mechanic Control Technology for Ships船舶机械拖动Ship Mechamic Towage船舶建筑美学Artistic Designing of Ships船舶结构力学Structual Mechamics for Ships船舶结构与制图Ship Structure & Graphing船舶静力学Ship Statics船舶强度与结构设计Designing Ship Intensity & Structure船舶设计原理Principles of Ship Designing船舶推进Ship Propeling船舶摇摆Ship Swaying船舶阻力Ship Resistance船体建造工艺Ship-Building Technology船体结构Ship Structure船体结构图Ship Structure Graphing船体振动学Ship Vibration创造心理学Creativity Psychology磁测量技术Magnetic Measurement Technology磁传感器Magnetic Sensor磁存储设备设计原理Fundamental Design of Magnetic Memory Equipment 磁记录技术Magnetographic Technology磁记录物理Magnetographic Physics磁路设计与场计算Magnetic Path Designing & Magnetic Field Calculati磁盘控制器Magnetic Disk Controler磁性材料Magnetic Materials磁性测量Magnetic Measurement磁性物理Magnetophysics磁原理及应用Principles of Catalyzation & Application大电流测量Super-Current Measurement大电源测量Super-Power Measurement大机组协调控制Coordination & Control of Generator Networks大跨度房屋结构Large-Span House structure大型锅炉概况Introduction to Large-Volume Boilers大型火电机组控制Control of Large Thermal Power Generator Networks大学德语College German大学俄语College Russian大学法语College French大学日语College Japanese。
英语课文翻译
测绘英语翻译第一课水准面是弯曲的表面，它的每一个元素与铅垂线垂直（这种垂直关系）是假定不考虑某处的铅垂线与地球平均旋转椭球面的垂线间的偏差。
水平面是在某一特定点上与水准面相切的平面。
水平线与水准面相切，测量中，一般认为水平线是直线。
水平角是由水平面内两条相交的垂线形成的。
垂线是垂直于平面的直线，列如铅垂线。
指向球心的垂线为天底方向，远离球心且在观测者上方的垂线为天顶方向。
垂直面是平面，该平面的元素是面内的垂线。
垂直角是垂直面内的两条相交的直线形成的角。
测量中，一般认为，一条直线是水平的，某一点的垂直角即是垂直面内经过该顶点的直线与水平面之间的夹角。
天顶角，是垂直面两条直线的夹角，这里其中有一条直线指向天顶方向。
天底角是垂直面两条直线（其中一条直线指向天底方向）形成的夹角。
在平面测量中，沿水准线测量的距离称为水平距离。
一般认为，两点间的距离即是指水平距离，它是指两点的铅垂线间的距离，它是指两点间的铅垂线间的距离。
测量的距离有水平距离，倾斜距离，但在实际测量中，倾斜距离都可折算成水平距离。
某一点的高程是该点到某任意假定的水准面的垂直距离。
轮廓是地面是假定高程的假想的线。
地图上相应的线称为，，线。
两点间的垂直距离称为高差，是包含了点的一假想水准点与包含该点的另一类似表面间的距离，测量高差的工作称为水准测量。
一条线的倾斜度即是它的坡度，或上升率（下降率）第二课测量学是一门测量地球表面各点相对位置，然后以一定的比列尺表示地球上自然与人工地物见准确的水平和垂直关系的学科。
狭义的，测量学即是在平面图中再现地面物体（地物）。
确定相对的高差的方法作为水准测量，结果以垂直剖面图表示或平面图中的图列表示。
平面图是在水平表面的投影，在平面图上，所有直线角度量一定是水平尺寸的。
除了比列尺模型之外，无法完全表示出沿差地面起伏的距离。
水平面与用铅垂线标识的重力的方向垂直，但由于地球的形状，测量中各点出的铅垂线方向不是精确的平行，而且在一点处的水平面与通过其余各点的水平面不精确重合。
《科学探索》英文词汇
《科学探索》（science explorer）英文词汇第1卷《运动、力与能量》第一章运动motion 运动reference point 参照物International System Units 国际制单位meter 米speed 速率velocity 速度plate （地球）板块acceleration 加速度第二章力force 力net force 净力unbalanced forces 非平衡力balanced forces 平衡力inertia 惯性mass 质量newton 牛顿friction 摩擦力sliding friction 滑动摩擦rolling friction 滚动摩擦static friction 静摩擦fluid friction 流体摩擦gravity 引力free fall 自由落体运动projectile 抛体air resistance 空气阻力terminal velocity 极限速度weight 重力momentum 动量law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律satellite 卫星centripetal force 向心力第三章流体力学pressure 压强Pa 帕fluid 流体Pascal’s principle 帕斯卡定律hydraulic system 液压系统buoyant force 浮力Archimedes’ principle 阿基米德定律density 密度Bernoulli’s principle 伯努利定律第四章功和机械work 功J 焦machine 机械input force 输入力output force 输出力efficiency 机械效率inclined planewedge 契screw 螺丝lever 杠杆fulcrum 支点wheel and axle 轮轴pulley 滑轮compound machine 复杂机械gear 齿轮tendon 韧带（人体内的韧带）第五章能和功率energy 能kinetic energy 动能potential energy 势能elastic potential energy 弹性势能gravitational potential energy 重力势能mechanical energy 机械能thermal energy 热能chemical energy 化学能electrical energy 电能electromagnetic energy 电磁能nuclear energy 原子能（核能）energy conversion 能的转化law of energy conservation 能量守恒定律fossil fuel 化学燃料power 功率第六章热能和热量temperature 温度Celsius scale 摄氏温标Fahrenheit scale 华氏温标Kelvin scale 开尔文温标absolute zero 绝对零度heat transfer 热传递conduction 传导convection 对流convection current 对流现象radiation 辐射conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体specific heat 比热state 存在形态change of state 物态变化melting 熔化melting point 熔点freezing 凝固freezing point 凝固点vaporization 汽化evaporation 蒸发boiling 沸腾boiling point 沸点condensation 液化thermal expansion 热膨胀thermal-stat 温控旋扭bimetallic strips 双金属片heat engine 热机combustion 燃烧external combustion engine 外燃机internal combustion engine 内燃机第3卷《声与光》第一章波working hands-on 手工艺式的劳动Langley Research Center 朗利研究中心DIY do it yourself wave 波energy 能量medium 介质mechanical wave 机械波vibration 振动transverse wave 横波longitudinal wave 纵波crest 波峰trough 波谷compression 密部rarefaction 疏部surface wave 表面波amplitude 振幅wavelength 波长frequency 频率Hertz 赫兹（Hz）reflection 反射angle of incidence 入射角angle of reflection 反射角refraction 折射diffraction 衍射interference 干涉constructive interference 相长干涉destructive interference 相消干涉standing wave 驻波node 波节antinode 波腹resonance 共振seismic wave 地震波primary wave 主波secondary wave 次波surface wave 表面波tsunami 海啸seismograph 地震仪第二章声音larynx 喉部elasticity 弹性density 密度intensity 强度loudness 响度decibels 分贝（dB）ultrasound 超声波super sound 超音速infrasound 低声波pitch 音高Doppler Effect 多普勒效应sound barrier 音障music 音乐fundamental tone 基音overtones 泛音noise 噪音acoustics 音响效果reverberation 混响beat 节拍ear canal 耳道eardrum 耳膜middle ear 中耳cochlea 耳蜗sonar 声纳（sound navigation and ranging）echolocation 回声定位法sonogram 超声波扫描图第三章电磁波electromagnetic wave 电磁波electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射polarized light 极化光photoelectric effect 光电效应photo 光子electromagnetic spectrum 电磁频谱radio wave 无线电波microwave 微波radar 雷达（radio detection and ranging）magnetic resonance imaging 磁共振成像infrared ray 红外线thermogram 温谱仪visible light 可见光ultraviolet ray 紫外线x-ray X射线gamma ray 伽玛射线illuminated 受光体illuminous 发光体incandescent light 白炽灯fluorescent light 荧光灯neon light 氖光灯sodium vapor light 钠蒸汽灯tungsten-halogen light 卤化钨灯bioluminescence 生物荧光kHz 千赫兹MHz 兆赫兹amplitude modulation 调幅frequency modulation 调频VHF 甚高频UHF 超高频GPS 全球定位系统（Global Position System）第四章光opaque 不透明的transparent 透明的translucent 半透明的regular reflection 镜面反射diffuse reflection 漫反射image 像plane mirror 平面镜virtual image 虚像concave mirror 凹面镜focal mirror 焦点real image 实像convex mirror 凸面镜index of refraction 折射率lens 透镜concave lens 凹透镜convex lens 凸透镜primary color 三原色（三基色）complementary color 补色人眼：cornea 角膜iris 虹膜pupil 瞳孔lens 晶状体retina 视网膜optic nerve 视神经blind spot 盲点nearsighted 近视的farsighted 远视的telescope 望远镜refracting telescope 折射式望远镜objective lens 物镜eyepiece lens 目镜reflecting telescope 反射式望远镜microscope 显微镜camera 照相机laser 激光（light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation）internal reflection 完全内反射第4卷《电与磁》第一章磁和电磁学magnetism 磁性magnetic pole 磁极magnetic field 磁场magnetic field line 磁感线atom 原子element 化学元素nucleus 原子核proton 质子electron 电子magnetic domain 磁畴ferromagnetic material 铁磁材料permanent magnet 永恒磁体compass 指南针，罗盘magnetic declination 磁偏角Van Allen belt 范艾伦带solar wind 太阳风magnetosphere 地磁层aurora 极光electric charge 电荷electric current 电流electric circuit 电路conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体resistor 电阻器resistance 电阻superconductor 超导体solenoid 通电螺旋管electromagnet 电磁铁第二章电荷与电流electric field 电场electric field line 电场线static electricity 静电friction 摩擦起电conduction 传导induction 感应起电conservation of charge 电荷守恒static discharge 放电electroscope 验电器electrical potential 电势potential difference 电势差V 伏特voltage 电压voltage source 电源voltmeter 电压表ammeter 电流表Ohm’s law 欧姆定律series circuit 串联电路parallel circuit 并联电路short circuit 短路lightning rod 避雷针circuit breaker 电路断电器第三章电和磁做功energy 能electrical energy 电能galvanometer （小程量）电流表electric motor 电动机commutator 转向器brushe 电刷armature 转子electromagnetic induction 电磁感应alternating current 交流电流（AC）direct current 直流电流（DC）electric generator 发电机slip ring 滑环turbine 涡轮机renewable resource 可再生资源nonrenewable resource 不可再生资源power 功率W 瓦特step-up transformer 升压变压器step-down transformer 降压变压器chemical energy 化学能chemical reaction 化学反应electrochemical cell 化学电池electrode 电极electrolyte 电解质terminal 接线柱battery 电池组wet cell 湿电池dry cell 干电池rechargeable battery 可充电电池第四章电子学electronics 电子学electronic signal 电子信号analog signal 模拟信号digital signal 数字信号semiconductor 半导体solid-state component 固态元件diode 二极管transistor 三极管integrated circuit 集成电路vacuum tube 真空电子管electromagnetic wave 电磁波amplitude 振幅frequency 频率amplitude modulation 调幅（AM）frequency modulation 调频（FM）cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管computer 电子计算机binary system 二进制系统bit 位byte 字节computer hardware 计算机硬件central processing unit （CPU）input device 输入设备output device 输出设备Random Access Memory 随机存储器（RAM）Read Only Memory 只读存储器（ROM）disk drive 驱动器hard disk 硬盘diskette 软盘optical disc 光盘CD-ROM 只读存储压缩盘computer software 计算机软件DOS 磁盘操作系统Windows 视窗操作系统computer programmer 程序编制员computer network 计算机网络local area network 局域网wide area network 广域网internet 因特网world wide web 万维网encryption 加密computer virus 计算机病毒chat room 聊天室intellectual property 知识产权freeware 免费软件shareware 共享软件像科学家那样思考observe 观察infer 推理prediction 预测classify 分类making model 建立模型communicate 交流，沟通动手测量International System of Unit 国际标准计量单位（SI）meter 米（m）kilometer 千米、公里（km）centimeter 厘米（cm）millimeter 毫米（mm）liter 升（L）milliliter 毫升（mL）SI单位的常用前缀kilo 千（k）hector 百（h）deka- 十（da）deci 分（d）centi 厘（c）milli 毫（m）gram 克（g）kilogram 千克，公斤（kg）Celsius-scale 摄氏度calculating 计算科学研究variable 变量independent variable 自变量dependent variable 因变量responding variable 应变量manipulated variable 调节变量controlled experiment 对照实验operational definition 操作性定义理性思维compare 比较contrast 对比applying concept 应用概念interpreting illustration 理解图表relating cause and effect 因果推断making generalization 归纳making judgment 做出判断problem solving 解决问题第2卷《地球上的水》第一章地球：水的星球irrigation 灌溉photosynthesis 光合作用habitat 栖息地water vapor 水蒸气ground water 地下水polar molecule 极性分子surface tension 表面张力capillary action 毛细作用solution 溶液solvent 溶剂state 状态evaporation 蒸发condensation 凝结specific heat 比热water cycle 水循环transpiration 蒸腾precipitation 降水第二章淡水tributary 支流watershed 流域divide 分水岭erosion 侵蚀deposition 沉积sediment 沉积物headwater 上游flood plain 河漫滩oxbow lake 牛轭湖delta 三角洲levee 冲击堤eutrophication 富营养化wetland 沼泽地，湿地pore 孔隙permeable 可渗透物质impermeable 不可渗透物质saturated zone 饱和层water table 地下水位unsaturated zone 不饱和层aquifer 含水层recharge water 补给水artesian well 自流井spring 喷泉geyser 间歇温泉第三章淡水资源water quality 水质pH 酸碱程度hardness 硬度concentration 含量filtration 过滤coagulation 吸附sewage 污水sludge 淤泥drought 干旱conservation 保护desalination 脱盐point source 指向性来源nonpoint source 非指向性来源acid rain 酸雨kinetic energy 动能potential energy 势能hydroelectric energy 水电能第四章海洋运动crest 波峰wavelength 波长frequency 频率trough 波谷wave height 波高longshore drift 沿岸飘沙sandbar 沙洲rip current 激流groin 海岸防波堤tsunami 海啸spring tide 大潮neap tide 小潮salinity 盐度current 洋流coriolis effect 地球旋转偏向力作用upwelling 上升流El Nino 厄尔尼诺现象第五章海洋区域sonar 声纳remote underwater manipulator 海底遥控探测仪scuba 水肺seasat 海洋卫星continental shelf 大陆架continental slope 大陆坡seamount 海山abyssal plain 深海平原mid-ocean ridge 洋中脊trench 海沟magma 岩浆plate 板块seafloor spreading 海底扩张plankton 浮游生物nekton 游泳生物benthos 底栖生物food web 食物链intertidal zone 潮间带estuary 河口brackish 微咸水holdfast 固着器bioluminescence 生物体发光hydrothermal vent 洋底热流aquaculture 水产养殖业nodule 锰结核第5卷《天文学》第一章地球、月亮和太阳astronomy 天文学earth’s axis 地轴rotation 自转revolution 公转orbit 公转轨道latitude 纬度solstice 至日equinox 分日vernal equinox 春分autumnal equinox 秋分solar eclipse 日食umbra 本影penumbra 半影lunar eclipse 月食tide 潮汐gravity 引力spring tide 大潮neap tide 小潮satellite 卫星geosynchronous orbit 地球同步轨道telescope 望远镜crater 环形山maria 月海第二章太阳系geocentric 地心说（地球中心说）heliocentric 日心说（太阳中心说）ellipse 椭圆inertia 惯性nuclear fusion 核聚变core 核心photosphere 光球层chromosphere 色球层corona 日冕solar wind 太阳风sunspot 太阳黑子prominence 日珥solar flare 太阳耀斑terrestrial planet 类地行星retrograde rotation 逆向自转greenhouse effect 温室效应gas giant 巨型气态行星comet 彗星asteroid 小行星asteroid belt 小行星带meteoroid 流星体meteor 流星meteorite 陨星extraterrestrial life 地球外生命第三章恒星、星系和宇宙constellation 星座visible light 可见光electromagnetic radiation 电池辐射wave length 波长spectrum 光谱refracting telescope 折射望远镜convex len 凸透镜reflecting telescope 反射望远镜observatory 天文台spectrograph 光谱仪galaxy 星系universe 宇宙light-year 光年giant star 巨星apparent magnitude 视星等（一些天文学和数学词汇来自阿拉伯语）zenith 天顶nadir 天底algorithm 算法algebra 代数absolute magnitude 绝对星等Hertzsprung-Russel diagram 赫罗图main sequence 主星序pulsars 脉冲星protostar 原恒星white dwarf 白矮星neutron star 中子星black hole 黑洞quasi-stellar 类星天体quasars 类星体binary stars 双星triple stars 三合星eclipsing binary 食双星spiral galaxy 漩涡星系elliptical galaxy 椭圆星系irregular galaxy 不规则星系big bang 宇宙大爆炸第6卷《化学反应》第一章化学反应CFCs 氟利昂UV 紫外线chemistry 化学element 元素compound 化合物mixture 混合物physical change 物理变化chemical change 化学变化precipitation reaction 沉淀反应atom 原子molecule 分子chemical bond 化学键chemical equation 化学方程式chemical formula 化学式reactant 反应物product 产物coefficient 计量数combination reaction 化合反应decomposition 分解反应replacement reaction 置换反应exothermic reaction 放热反应endothermic reaction 吸热反应activation energy 活化能concentration 浓度catalyst 催化剂enzymes 酶inhibitor 阻化剂combustion 燃烧fuel 燃料第二章原子核化学键atom 原子nucleu 原子核proton 质子neutron 中子electron 电子valence electron 价电electron dot diagram 点电子图atomic number 原子序数group 族period 周期halogen 卤素ion 离子ionic bond 离子键crystal 晶体covalent bond 共价键mineral 矿物第三章酸、碱和溶液suspension 悬浊液solution 溶液solvent 溶剂solute 溶质dilute solution 稀溶液concentrated solution 浓溶液solubility 溶解度saturated solution 饱和溶液unsaturated solution 不饱和溶液acid 酸corrosive 腐蚀indicator 指示剂base 碱blue 变蓝neutralization 中和第四章探索材料polymer 聚合物monomer 单体cellulose 纤维素plastics 塑料composite 复合材料alloy 合金ceramics 陶瓷glass 玻璃optical fiber 光学纤维（光纤）nuclear reaction 核反应isotope 同位素mass number 质量数radioactive decay 反射性衰变particle 粒子alpha particle 阿尔法粒子beta particle 贝塔粒子gamma radiation 伽马辐射half-life 半衰期radioactive dating 反射性测时radiation therapy 反射性治疗第7卷《物质构成》第一章了解物质agrochemicals 农作物化学品petrochemicals 石化产品matter 物质solid 固态liquid 液态gas 气态characteristic properties 物质特性boiling point 沸点melting point 熔点physical change 物理变化chemical change 化学变化chemical activity 化学活性mixture 混合物solution 溶液pure substance 纯净物element 单质，元素compound 化合物weight 重量international System of Unit 国际单位制volume 体积（容量、音量）mass 质量density 密度atom 原子Democritus 德谟克利特（希腊哲学家）molecule 分子chemical bond 化学键scanning tunneling microscope 隧道扫描仪ore 矿石electrolysis 点解electric cutting 电分割electrode 电极第二章物质的变化solid 固体crystalline 结晶体amorphous solid 无定型固体liquid 液体fluid 流体viscosity 黏度gas 气体volume 体积temperature 温度pressure 压力Boyle’s law 波义耳定律Charles’s law 查理定律directly proportional 成正比vary inversely 成反比thermal energy 热能chemical energy 化学能law of conservation of energy 能量守恒定律melting 溶化freezing 凝固vaporization 汽化boiling 沸腾evaporation 蒸发condensation 冷凝steam 水汽water vapor 水蒸气sublimation 升华chemical reaction 化学反应第三章元素和元素周期表Dmitri Mendeleev 门捷列夫atomic mass 原子量patience 通惯periodic table 元素周期表nucleu 原子核proton and neutron 质子和中子electron 电子atomic mass unit 原子量单位atomic number 原子序数period 周期family 族valence electron 价电子hardness 硬度shininess 光泽malleability and ductility 延展性reactivity 化学活性alloy 合金alkali metal 咸金属corrosion 腐蚀alkali earth metal 咸土金属transition metal 过渡金属nonmetal 非金属元素diatomic molecule 双原子分子halogen family 卤族元素noble gas 惰性气体nuclear fusion 核聚变supernova 超新星第四章碳化学diamond 金刚石，钻石graphite 石墨fullerene 富勒烯organic compound 有机化合物hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物subscripts 下标molecular formula 分子式structural formulaisomersaturated hydrocarbon 饱和径unsaturated hydrocarbon 不饱和径substituted hydrocarbon 径的衍生物hydroxyl group 径基alcohol 醇，酒精organic acid 有机酸carboxyl group 焌基ester 酯Aspirin 阿司匹林Novocaine 奴佛卡因polymer 聚合物monomer 单体nutrient 营养物质digestion 消化carbohydrate 碳水化合物glucose 葡萄糖complex carbohydrate 复杂的碳水化合物starch 淀粉cellulose 纤维素protein 蛋白质amino acid 氨基酸lipid 脂类化合物fatty acid 脂肪酸cholesterol 胆固醇nucleic acid 核酸DNA 脱氧核糖核酸RNA 核糖核酸nucleotide 核甘酸vitamin 维生素mineral 矿物质soap 肥皂The Iron Peacock 坚强的孔雀第8卷《环境科学》第一章生物种群与群落ecosystem 生态系统habitat 栖息地biotic factors 生物因素abiotic factors 非生物因素photosynthesis 光合作用species 物种population 生物种群community 群落ecology 生态学population density 种群密度estimate 估计birth rate 出生率death rate 死亡率immigration 迁入emigration 迁出limiting factors 限制性因素carrying capacity 承载能力natural selection 自然选择adaptation 环境适应niche 小生境competition 竞争predation 掠食predator 掠食者prey 被掠食者mutualism 互惠共生commensalisms 共栖parasitism 寄生第二章生态系统与生物群落producer 生产者consumer 消费者herbivore 食草动物carnivore 食肉动物omnivore 杂食动物scavenger 食腐动物decomposer 分解者food chain 食物链food web 食物网water cycle 水循环evaporation 蒸发condensation 凝结precipitation 降水nitrogen fixation 固氮nodule 根瘤菌biogeography 生物质地学continental drift 大陆漂移dispersal 散布native species 本地物种exotic species 外来物种biome 生物群落canopy 林冠understory 下层林木desert 沙漠glass land 草原savanna 热带草原deciduous tree 落叶树hibernation 冬眠coniferous tree 针叶树tundra 苔原permafrost 永冻层estuary 河口湾intertidal zone 潮间带neritic zone 浅海带succession 群落演替primary succession 初次演替secondary succession 二次演替pioneer species 先驱物种第三章生物资源renewable resource 可再生资源nonrenewable resource 不可再生资源pollution 污染development viewpoint 发展的观点preservation viewpoint 保护的观点conservation viewpoint 合理利用的观点clear cutting 完全砍伐selective cutting 选择性砍伐sustainable yield 可持续发展fishery 渔场aquaculture 水产养殖keystone species 基础物种gene 基因extinction 物种灭绝endangered species 濒危物种threatened species 受威胁物种habitat destruction 毁坏栖息地habitat fragmentation 分割栖息地poaching 偷猎captive breeding 圈养taxol 紫杉醇第四章土地与土地资源development 开发litter 枯枝落叶层topsoil 上层图subsoil 下层土bedrock 岩床erosion 侵蚀，水土流失nutrient depletion 土壤贫瘠化fallow 休耕crop rotation 作物轮作desertification 沙漠化land reclamation 土地的再生municipal solid waste 城市固体垃圾leachate 过滤液sanitary landfill 掩埋式垃圾处理场incineration 焚烧recycling 废物回收利用biodegradable 生物降解resin 树脂reduce 减少reuse 再使用recycle 回收利用composting 堆肥hazardous waste 有害垃圾/废物toxic 有毒的explosive 易爆的flammable 易燃的corrosive 腐蚀性的radioactive 反射性的第五章空气与水资源air pollution 大气/空气污染emission 排放物photochemical smog 光化学烟雾ozone 臭氧创新词汇brunch 早午餐chortle 哈哈大笑squinched 斜眼liger 狮虎temperature inversion 温度倒置acid rain 酸雨ozone layer 臭氧层chlorofluorocarbons 氟利昂（CFCs）greenhouse effect 温室效应global warming 全球变暖groundwater 地下水drought 干旱water pollution 水污染sewage 污水fertilizer 化肥pesticide 杀虫剂sediment 沉积物scrubber 净化洗涤装置catalytic converter 催化转化装置primary treatment 基本处理secondary treatment 再处理第六章能源combustion 燃烧fossil fuel 化石燃料hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物reserve 储量petroleum 石油refinery 炼油厂petrochemical 石化产品solar energy 太阳能passive solar system 被动式太阳能系统active solar system 主动式太阳能系统hydroelectric power 水电biomass fuel 生物燃料geothermal energy 地热能nuclear fission 核裂变reactor vessel 反应堆fuel rod 燃料棒control rod 控制棒nuclear fusion 核聚变efficiency 效率insulation 隔热第9卷《从细菌到植物》第一章生物cell 细胞unicellular 单细胞生物multicellular 多细胞生物development 发育stimulus 刺激response 反应reproduce 生殖，繁殖spontaneous generation 自然发生说controlled experiment 对照实验variable 变量Louis Pasteur 路易斯·巴士德autotrophs 自养生物heterotrophs 异养生物homeostasis 稳态fossil 化石classification 分类binomial nomenclature 双名法genus 属species 种evolution 演化，进化prokaryotes 原核生物nucleus 细胞核eubacteria 真细菌（真菌）eukaryote 真核生物第二章病毒和细菌host 宿主parasite 寄生物bacteriophage 噬菌体nm 纳米AIDS 艾滋病cytoplasm 细胞质ribosome 核糖体flagellum 鞭毛binary fission 二分裂asexual reproduction 无性生殖sexual reproduction 有性生殖conjugation 结合respiration 呼吸作用endospore 内生孢子decomposer 分解者infectious diseases 传染病toxin 毒素antibiotic 抗生素vaccine 疫苗第三章原生生物和真菌protozoans 原生动物pseudopods 伪足contractile vacuole 收缩泡symbiosis 共生mutualism 互利共生algae 藻类pigment 色素algal bloom 藻华red tides 赤潮eutrophication 富营养化第四章形形色色的植物photosynthesis 光合作用cellidose 纤维素chloroplast 叶绿体vacuole 液泡tissue 组织chlorophyll 绿叶素cuticle 外表皮vascular tissue 维管组织fertilization 受精作用zygote 受精卵sporophyte 孢子体gameetophyte 配子体accessory pigment 辅助色素nonvascular plant 非维管植物bog 沼泽peat 泥煤hornwort 金鱼藻horn 角状vascular plant 维管植物club moss 石松moss 苔藓第五章种子植物seeds 种子embryo 胚cotyledons 子叶germination 萌发stomata 气孔transpiration 蒸腾作用cambium 形成层root cap 根冠gymnosperm 裸子植物cones 球果pollen 花粉ovule 胚珠pollination 传粉angiosperm 被子植物flower 花stamens 花蕊petals 花瓣sepals 花萼pistils 雄蕊cot 子叶monocots 单子叶dicots 双子叶tropism 向性运动hormone 荷尔蒙，激素annuals 一年生植物biennials 两年生植物perennials 多年生植物genetic engineering 基因工程hydroponics 水培法第11卷《动物》第一章海绵动物、腔肠动物与蠕虫species 物种heterotrophy 异养生物sexual reproduction 有性生殖/繁殖fertilization 受精作用asexual reproduction 无性生殖/繁殖adaptation 适应性herbivore 植食动物carnivore 食肉动物predator 捕食者（掠食者）prey 被捕食者（猎物）omnivore 杂食动物phylum 门vertebrate 脊椎动物invertebrate 无脊椎动物bilateral symmetry 两侧对称radial symmetry 辐射对称polyp 水螅型medusa 水母型flatworm 扁形虫roundworm 线形虫segmented worm 环节虫phylum platyhelminthes 扁形动物门phylum nematoda 线形动物门phylum annelida 环形动物门regeneration 再生性parasite 寄生虫anus 肛门第二章软体动物、节肢动物与棘皮动物mollusks 软体动物kidney 肾脏gill 鳃radula 齿舌gastropod 腹足纲cephalopods 头足纲软体动物arthropod 节肢动物门exoskeleton 外骨骼chitin 几丁质molting 蜕皮antenna 触角,天线crustacean 甲壳纲centipede 蜈蚣（百足虫）insect 昆虫thorax （昆虫的）胸部complete metamorphosis 完全变态/完全变形pupa 渐变态/渐变形gradual metamorphosis 蛹nymph 诺虫camouflage 伪装echinoderm 棘皮动物endoskeleton 内骨骼water vascular system 水管系统第三章鱼类、两栖动物和爬行动物chordate 脊索cartilage 软骨ectotherm 変温动物endotherm 恒温动物fish 鱼类swim bladder 鳔buoyant force 浮力amphibian 两栖动物atria 心房ventricle 心室habitat 栖息地reptile 爬行动物urine 尿fossil 化石sedimentary rock 沉积岩paleontologist 古生物学家第四章鸟类和哺乳动物bird 鸟类contour 正羽down feather 绒羽crop 嗉囊gizzard 砂囊lift 上升力mammal 哺乳动物incisor 门牙canine 尖牙premolar and molar 前磨牙和磨牙diaphragm 横膈膜monotreme 单孔目动物marsnpial 有袋目动物gestation period 妊娠期placental mammal 胎盘哺乳动物placenta 胎盘第五章动物行为behavior 行为stimulus 刺激instinct 本能learning 学习conditioned reflex 条件反射trial-and-error learning 尝试法insight learning 顿悟学习artificial intelligence 人工智能imprinting 印随作用aggression 攻击性society 社群prairie dog 草原狗circadian rhythm 生理节律hibernation 冬眠migration 迁徙pheromone 信息素bioluminescence 生物荧光第12卷《人体生理卫生》第一章人体cell membrane 细胞膜nucleus 细胞核cytoplasm 细胞质muscle tissue 肌肉组织nerve tissue 神经组织connective tissue 结缔组织epithelial tissue 上皮组织organ 器官homeostasis 内稳态stress 压力adrenalin 肾上腺素wellness 健康physical health 生理健康mental health 精神健康social health 社会关系健康peer pressure 同龄人压力第二章骨骼、肌肉和皮肤vertebra 脊椎骨marrow 骨髓cartilage 软骨joint 关节ligament 韧带fracture 骨折sprain 扭伤dislocation 脱臼magnetic resonance imaging 核磁共振成像（MRI）involuntary muscle 不随意肌voluntary muscle 随意肌skeletal muscle 骨骼肌tendon 肌腱smooth muscle 平滑肌cardiac muscle 心肌epidermis 表皮melanin 黑色素dermis 真皮pore 毛孔hair follicle 毛囊第三章消化与吸收nutrient 营养素carbohydrate 碳水化合物fat 脂肪protein 蛋白质vitamin 维他命mineral 无机盐（矿物质）water 水calorie 卡simple carbohydrate 单糖complex carbohydrate 多糖fiber 纤维unsaturated fat 不饱和脂肪saturated fat 饱和脂肪cholesterol 胆固醇complete protein 完全蛋白质incomplete protein 不完全蛋白质the food guide pyramid 食物金字塔serving size 食物用量calorie from fat 来自脂肪的热量percent daily value 日均值百分比ingredient 成分label 标签digestion 消吸absorption 收化saliva 唾液mechanical digestion 机械消化chemical digestion 化学消化enzyme 酶epiglottis 会厌esophagus 食道mucus 黏液peristalsis 蠕动stomach 胃small intestine 小肠liver 肝脏bile 胆汁gall bladder 胆囊pancreas 胰腺villi 小肠绒毛large intestine 大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门第四章物质循环cardiovascular system 心血管系统circular system 循环系统heart 心脏atrium 心房ventricle 心室valve 瓣膜pacemaker 起搏点right atrium 右心房left atrium 左心房right ventricle 右心室left ventricle 左心室aorta 主动脉septum 隔膜artery 动脉vein 静脉capillary vessel 毛细血管coronary artery 冠状动脉diffusion 扩散pressure 压力blood pressure 血压sphygmomanometer 血压计plasm 血浆red blood cell 红细胞hemoglobin 血红蛋白white blood cell 包细胞platelet 血小板fibrin 纤维蛋白blood transfusion 输血blood type 血型agglutinogen 凝集原lymphatic system 淋巴系统lymph 淋巴lymph node 淋巴结atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化heart attack 心肌梗塞hypertension 高血压第五章呼吸与排泄respiration 呼吸cilia 纤毛pharynx 咽trachea 气管bronchi 支气管alveoli of lung 肺泡diaphragm 横膈膜larynx 喉vocal cord 声带tar 焦油carbon monoxide 一氧化碳nicotine 尼古丁addiction 上瘾bronchitis 支气管炎emphysema 肺气肿passive smoking 被动吸烟excretion 排泄urea 尿素urine 尿kidney 肾ureter 输尿管urinary bladder 膀胱urethra 尿道nephron 肾单位第六章战胜疾病pathogen 病原菌infectious disease 传染病toxin 毒素inflammatory response 炎症反应phagocyte 吞噬细胞immune response 免疫反应lymphocyte 淋巴细胞antigen 抗原antibody 抗体AIDS 艾滋病immunity 免疫active immunity 主动免疫力vaccination 接种疫苗vaccine 疫苗passive immunity 被动免疫力noninfectious disease 非传染性疾病allergy 过敏allergen 过敏原histamine 组胺asthma 哮喘insulin 胰岛素diabetes 糖尿病cancer 癌症tumor 肿瘤carcinogen 致癌物第七章神经系统stimulus 刺激response 反应neuron 神经元nerve impulse 神经冲动dendrite 树突axon 轴突nerve 神经sensory neuron 感觉神经元inter neuron 中间神经元motor neuron 运动神经元synapse 突触central nervous system 中枢神经系统peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统cerebrum 大脑cerebellum 小脑brainstem 脑干somatic nervous system 躯体神经系统automatic nervous system 植物神经系统reflex 反射concussion 脑震荡cornea 角膜pupil 瞳孔iris 虹膜lens 晶状体retina 视网膜nearsightedness 近视farsightedness 远视eardrum 鼓膜cochlea 耳蜗semicircular canal 半规管drug 药物drug abuse 滥用药物tolerance 耐药性depressant 镇静剂stimulant 兴奋剂anabolic asteroid 促蛋白合成类固醇alcoholism 酒精中毒第八章内分泌系统和生殖系统gland 腺体endocrine gland 内分泌腺hormone 荷尔蒙（激素）hypothalamus 下丘脑pituitary gland 脑垂体negative feedback 负反馈fertilization 受精reproduction 繁殖zygote 受精卵chromosome 染色体testis 睾丸testosterone 睾丸激素scrotum 阴囊semen 精液ovary 卵巢uterus 子宫vagina 阴道menstrual cycle 月经周期ovulation 排卵menstruation 月经embryo 胚胎fetus 胎儿amniotic sac 羊膜曩placenta 胎盘umbilical cord 脐带puberty 发育期adolescence 青春期第13卷《地球内部》第一章板块构造geology 地质学geologist 地质学家rock 岩石constructive force 建设营力destructive force 破坏营力continent 洲seismic wave 地震波pressure 压力crust 地壳basalt 玄武岩granite 花岗岩mantle 地幔lithosphere 岩石圈asthenosphere 软流圈outer core 外地核inner core 内地核heat transfer 热传递radiation 辐射conduction 传导convection 对流density 密度convection current 对流循环continental drift 大陆漂移学说fossil 化石mid-ocean ridge 洋中脊sonar 声纳sea-floor spreading 海底扩张deep-ocean trenches 海沟plate 板块scientific theory 科学理论plate tectonics 板块构造理论fault 断层transform boundary 剪切型边界divergent boundary 拉张型边界rift valley 断裂谷convergent boundary 挤压型边界第二章地震earthquake 地震stress 应力shearing 剪切力tension 张力compression 压力deformation 地壳变形fault 断层strike-slip fault 平移断层normal fault 正断层hanging wall 上盘foot wall 下盘reverse fault 逆断层fault-block mountain 断块山fold 皱褶anticline 背斜syncline 向斜plateau 高原focus 震源epicenter 震中seismic wave 地震波P wave 纵波S wave 横波surface wave 表面波seismograph 地震仪magnitude 震级Mercalli scale 梅卡尔利烈度Richter scale 里氏烈度moment magnitude scale 瞬时地震liquefaction 液化作用aftershock 余震tsunami 海啸base-isolated building 基础隔离建筑第三章火山volcano 火山magma 岩浆lava 熔岩ring of fire 火圈island arc 火山岛弧hot spot 地幔热点magma chamber 岩浆房pipe 通道vent 火山口lava flow 熔岩流crater 火山坑silica 二氧化硅pahoehoe 绳状熔岩aa 阿阿熔岩pyroclastic flow 火山碎屑流active volcano 活火山dormant volcano 休眠火山extinct volcano 死火山hot spring 温泉geyser 间歇泉geothermal energy 地热能shield volcano 盾形火山cinder cone 火山灰锥composite volcano 复合火山caldera 破火山口volcano neck 火山颈dike 岩墙sill 岩床batholith 岩基第四章矿物inorganic 无机物crystal 晶体element 元素compound 化合物Mohs hardness scale 莫氏硬度streak 条痕luster 光泽cleavage 解理fracture 断口fluorescence 荧光性solution 溶液vein 矿脉gemstone 宝石ore 矿石smelting 冶炼alloy 合金第五章岩石texture 结构grain 晶粒extrusive rock 喷出岩intrusive rock 侵入岩porphyritic texture 斑状结构sediment 沉积物erosion 侵蚀deposition 沉积compaction 压实cementation 胶结clastic rock 碎屑岩organic rock 生物岩chemical rock 化学岩coral reef 珊瑚礁atoll 环礁foliated 叶片状的rock cycle 岩石循环第14卷《地表的演变》第一章描绘地表topography 地形elevation 海拔relief 地势landform 地表形态landform region 地形区plain 平原mountain 山地mountain range 山脉plateau 高原lithosphere 岩石圈atmosphere 大气圈hydrosphere 水圈biosphere 生物圈map 地图globe 地球仪scale 比例尺symbol 符号key 图例equator 赤道hemisphere 半球prime meridian 本初子午线degree 度latitude 纬度longitude 经度map projection 地球投影satellite image 卫星图像pixel 像元，像素digitizing 数字化topographic map 地形图contour line 等高线contour interval 等高距GPS 全球定位系统第二章风化与土壤的形成weathering 风化erosion 侵蚀mechanical weathering 机械风化abrasion 磨蚀ice wedging 冰契chemical weathering 化学风化permeable 渗透性soil 土壤bedrock 岩基humus 腐殖质loam 沃土soil horizon 土壤层subsoil 亚土层topsoil 表土层litter 枯枝落叶层decomposer 分解体dust bowl 黑尘暴soil conservation 土壤保护contour plowing 因地形耕作conservation plowing 保护性耕作第三章侵蚀与沉积erosion 侵蚀sediment 沉积物deposition 沉积作用mass movement 块体运动runoff 径流rill 切沟。
物理海洋大气科学常用专业词汇中英文对照
1 advection n. 平流2 Aleutian Low 阿留申低压3 angular momentum 角动量conservation of angular momentum4 antiphase n. 反位相 propagate in antiphase5 arbitrary adj. 任意的 arbitrary constant (任意常数)6 attenuate v. 削弱7 available potential energy 有效位能8 background wind field 背景风场9 baroclinic a. 斜压的 baroclinic instability10 barotropic a. 正压的 barotropic instability11 be proportional to 与……成比例12 benthic adj. 深海底的13 boundary condition 边值条件14 bounded domain 有界域→反：unbounded domain15 carrier wave 载波16 Cartesian coordinates 笛卡尔坐标系17 circumglobal a. 环绕地球旋转的，环地球的18 compensate v. 偿还，补偿19 conjugate adj. 共轭的 complex conjugate (共轭复数)20 convection n. 对流21 convergence n. 辐合→反：divergence22 convert v. 转换，相变 convert water into ice23 coordinate n. 坐标 Cartesian coordinates；spherical coordinates24 cumulative adj. 累积的 cumulative impact on25 damping n. 阻尼；减辐，衰减26 derivative n. 导数 the second order derivative27 diffusion n. 扩散28 diffusivity n. 扩散率29 discrepancy n. 差异，矛盾30 discrete adj. 离散的，不连续的31 displacement n. 位移 angular displacement32 dissipative a. 耗散的 dissipative effect33 divergence n. 辐散→反：convergence34 Drake Passage 德雷克海峡35 empirical adj. 经验的 model and empirical studies36 entropy n. 熵 specific entropy (比熵)37 equilibrium n. 平衡，均衡38 equivalent n. & adj. 相似的（物），等价的（物）39 essence n. 基本，本质40 exponential n. & adj. 指数（的）41 geostrophic adj. 地转的42 Icelandic Low 冰岛低压43 Indonesian Throughflow 印尼贯穿流44 initial condition 初值条件45 interfere v. （波的）干涉46 inviscid adj. 无粘性的47 isopycn n. 等体积线，等容线48 manifestation n. 显示, 表现49 meridional adj. 经向的50 mesoscale adj. 中尺度的 mesoscale eddy51 meteorological parameters 气象参数52 monotonically adv. 单调地 increase monotonically53 nontrivial adj. 重要的54 optimal adj. 最优的 optimal solution55 pendulum n. 钟摆, 摇锤56 penetrate v. 穿透，渗透57 potential vorticity 位势涡度 conservation of potential vorticity58 propagation n. （信号、声波）的传播59 quantify v. 量化60 radiative equilibrium 辐射平衡61 rectangle n. 长方形, 矩形62 respectively adv. 分别地，各个地63 Rossby deformation radius 罗斯贝变形半径64 schematic adj. 示意性的 summarize schematically in the figure65 sinusoidal adj. 正弦曲线的66 solar insolation 太阳照辐射量67 specular reflection 镜面反射(equal angles of incidence and reflection)68 spherical coordinates 球面坐标系69 standing wave 驻波70 stochastic adj. 随机的71 stochastic adj. 随机的72 stratification n. 层化73 stratosphere n. 平流层74 superposition n. 重叠, 重合75 superposition n. 重叠, 重合76 surface tension 表面张力77 symmetric adj. 对称性的78 synchronicity n. 同步性79 temporal average 时间平均→反：spatial average80 the product of A and B A与B的乘积81 thermocline slope 温跃层倾斜82 Tibetan Plateau 青藏高原83 trajectory n. 轨迹84 transient adj. 瞬时的 transient eddies85 tropic of cancer 北回归线86 tropic of carpricorn 南回归线87 troposphere n. 对流层88 variability n. 可变性89 variable n. 变量90 variance n. 方差91 variation n. 变更, 变化；变数，变分92 vector notation 向量符号表示, 向量记法93 velocity n. 速度94 ventilated thermocline 通风温跃层95 verify the hypothesis 证实了猜想96 vice versa 反之亦然97 viscosity n. 粘性，粘质98 vorticity n. 涡度99 westerlies n. 西风带100 Western Intensification 西向强化101 MOC 经向翻转环流 Meridianal Overturning Circulation。
物理专业英语翻译方法
Dynamics is the study of forces and their effects on the motions of bodies. The cause of acceleration is a force exerted by some external agent or environment. The fundamental properties of force and the relationship between force and acceleration are given by Newton’s three laws of motion. The first of these laws describes the natural state of motion of a free body on which no external forces are acting, whereas the other two laws deal with the behavior of bodies under the influence of force.
6
Under the Harvest Moon
Under the havest moon, Under the summer roses, When the soft silver When the fragrant crimson Drips shimmering Lurks in the dusk Over the garden nights, Of the wild red leaves, Death, the gray mocker Love, with little hand, Comes and whispers to you With a thousand memories, As a beautiful friend And asks you Who remembers. Beautiful unanswerable quest
地球物理勘探专业词汇精选
勘探核心词汇1.accuracy[ˈækjurəsi]n.准确，精确2.acoustic[əˈku:stik] a.声的，声学的3.acquisition[ˌækwiˈziʃən]n.采集，获得；发现acquisition system 采集系统4.amplify[ˈæmplifai] vt.放大,扩大(信号等)；增强；5.anticline ['æntiklain] n.背斜6.array[əˈrei] n.阵列，排列，组合7.arrival[əˈraivəl]n.到达；波至arrival time 到时，波至时间8.attenuate[əˈtenjueit]vt.使减小，使减弱vi.变小，减弱attenuation n.衰减9.attribute[ˈætribju:t, əˈtribju:t]n.属性，特征vt.(to)把…归因于10.audio[ˈɔ:di-əu] a.声频的，声音的，音频的audio signal 音频信号11.autopicking自动拾取12.azimuth ['æziməθ] n.方位，方位角azimuthal a.方位角的13.base[beis]n.底；基础；基；基地base map 基岩，基岩底石14.basin[ˈbeisən] n.盆地15.bed[bed] n.层；河床，(湖或海)底river bed 河床，河底river bed 薄层16.birefringence[ˌbairiˈfrindʒəns] n.双折射17.bit[bit]n.钻头18.bore[bɔ:]n.孔，洞v.钻孔borehole n.井眼，井筒；裸眼井；炮眼borehole date 内部数据19.broadband ['brɔ:d'bænd] n.宽带broaden[ˈbrɔ:dn]v.放宽，使扩大20.buoyant[ˈbɔiənt] a.浮的，能浮的，有浮力的buoyant cable 漂浮电缆21.carbonate[ˈkɑ:bənit]n.碳酸盐[ˈkɑ:bəneit] vt.使变成碳酸盐carbonate reservoir 碳酸盐岩储层22.cased[keist]n.下套管的；隔离开的cased hole 套管井，下套管井，下套管的钻孔23.CDP (common depth point)共深度点24.channel[ˈtʃænəl]n.通道，信道；孔道；途径data channel 数据道，数据通道25.characteristic[ˌkæriktəˈristik]n. 特征，特性a.特有的，典型的characterize[ˈkæriktəraiz]vt.表征，表示（具有）…的特征，使带有…特征，以…为特征26.closure[ˈkləuʒə]n.闭合，闭合度；圈闭27.coal[kəul]n.煤28.coherent[kəuˈhiərənt] a.相干的，相关的ponent[kəmˈpəunənt]n.部分，成分，组分；份量a.组成的，构成的position[ˌkɔmpəˈziʃən]n.成分，合成物compositional a.成分的；合成的，组成的press[kəmˈpres]vt.压缩compressed air 压缩空气compression-wave n.压缩波，纵波，P波32.conductivity[ˌkɔndʌkc]n.传导率，传导性；导电率，导电性33.configuration[kənˌfigjuˈreiʃən]n.外形，结构，构造34.connectivity[kənekˈtiviti] n.连接性，连通性35.gas-oil contact 气-油界面，油气界面，油气接触面oil-water contact 油水界面，油水接触面36.conversion[kənˈvə:ʃən]n.转变，变换time-to-depth conversion 时深转换converted-wave 转换波37.convolution[kɔnvəˈlu:ʃən] n.褶积38.core[kɔ:]n.岩心，核心，芯层core data 岩心分析数据39.correlation [ˌkɔ:ri'leiʃən] n.对比；相关，相关性；相互关系；相互作用correlation technique 相关技术40.coupling n.连接，结合，耦合41.cover[ˈkʌvə]n.覆盖物，覆盖层，盖vt.覆盖，掩盖，盖上coverage[ˈkʌvəridʒ]n.覆盖42.crack[kræk]n.裂缝；断裂v.（使）断裂43.crew[kru:]n.队，工作队；全体人员44.cross[krɔs] a.横穿过的，交叉的；交替的；横的，横向的cross line 联络测线，横测线；非纵测线；交叉线，十字线，正交线cross-correlation n.互相关；相关对比；相关分析crosswell data n.井间数据，井间信息45.crustal ['krʌstl] a.地壳的46.data[ˈdeitə]n.数据，资料(sing. datum [ˈdeitəm])data acquisition 数据集合，数据采集，数据收集，数据收录data compression 数据“压缩”，信息“压缩”data type 数据类型data-adaptive a.数据自适应的data reduction 数据换算，数据归算；数据简化，数据变换；数据处理，数据整理raw data 原始数据data storage 数据存储，数据存储器47.database[ˈdeitəbeis]n.数据库data-handling n.数据处理data-processing centre 数据处理中心48.datum[ˈdeitəm]n.基准点，基准线，基准面49.deconvolution [di:kɔnvə'lu:ʃən] n.重叠法，反褶积，解褶积50.deposition[ˌdepəˈziʃ(ə)n]n.沉积；沉积作用；沉积物depositional [depə'ziʃənəl] a.沉积作用的，沉淀的depositional environment 沉积环境51.depression[diˈpreʃən]n.凹陷，沉降地；沉陷；降低52.true depth真深度，垂直深度53.depth-migration n.深度偏移54.detailed survey详测，详查55.marine survey海上测量56.detect[diˈtekt]vt.检测；探测；发觉；查明57.diffraction [di'frækʃən] n.绕射，折射，衍射diffraction curve 绕射曲线58.dip[dip]n.倾斜，下沉；倾角vi. 倾斜，下沉dipping n.倾斜，下倾59.distort[diˈstɔ:t]vt.变形，失真60.diversity[daiˈvə:siti]n.差异，相异性，多样性61.DMO(没有dip moveout) 倾角时差62.domain[dəuˈmein]n.领域，范围time domain 时间域，时域Fourier-domain n.傅氏域，频率域frequency domain n.频率域63.drill[dril]n.钻井v.钻孔，钻井drill bit 钻头drilling n.钻井，打井；（pl.）钻屑drilling phase 钻井阶段64.dune[dju:n]n.沙丘65.dynamite[ˈdainəmait]n.黄色炸药，硝甘炸药，甘油炸药66.E&P没有(=exploration and production)勘探及开发67.earthquake[ˈə:θkweik]n.地震68.echo-sounder n.回声探测仪；回声探测仪echosounding n.回声探测，回声测探法；回波探测69.electric log电法测井；电法记录；电测井70.elevation[ˌeliˈveiʃən]n.海拔，高度，高程，正视图elevation difference 高差71.event[iˈvent]n.同相轴，波至72.exploration[ˌeksplɔ:ˈreiʃən]n.勘探，探测exploration project 勘探项目explore[ikˈsplɔ:]v.勘探，探测，调查73.explosion[ikˈspləuʒən]n.爆炸，爆发explosive charge 炸药74.facies ['feiʃiiz] n.相，岩相facies model 相模式，相模型75.fault[fɔ:lt]n.断层across fault 横断层faulting n.断层作用；断裂；断裂运动76.fidelity[fiˈdeliti]n.保真度77.field[fi:ld]n.油田，气田；矿区；现场 a.野外的，现场的field data 野外数据，现场数据field development 油田开发field-party n.野外队，勘测队field-wide a.全油田的field-work n.野外作业，野外工作，现场工作；野外测量78.filter[ˈfiltə]n.滤波，过滤器vt.滤波，过滤79.fold[fəuldid] a.褶皱的80.formation[fɔ:ˈmeiʃən]n.地层，岩层；形成，组、构成；构造81.fracture[ˈfræktʃə]n.裂缝，断裂v.(使)断裂82.free[ˈfri:] a.自由的；游离的83.frequency[ˈfri:kwənsi]n.频率，周频frequency content 频率组成，频率成分frequency filtering 频率滤波frequency filtration 频率滤波器frequency domain n.频率域mon-offset gather共炮检距道集；共偏移距道集85.geologic a.地质的，地质学的geologic anomaly 地质异常geologic column 地质柱状剖面，地层柱状图geologic model 地质模型geological a.地质的，地质学的geological formation (=geologic formation) 地质建造，地质层系，地质岩系geological time scale 地质年代表geology[dʒiˈɔlədʒi]n.地质学86.geophone ['dʒi:əfəun] n.地震检波器geophone cable 检波器电缆，大线geophone group 检波器组geophone station 检波站，检波点87.geophysicist [ˌdʒi:əu'fizisist] n.地球物理学家，地球物理工作者，物探人员geophysics n.地球物理学geophysical a.地球物理的，地球物理学的geophysical exploration 地球物理勘探，物探geophysical survey 地球物理测量，地球物理探测；地球物理勘探88.geothermal a.地热的，地温的89.gradient[ˈgreidiənt]n.梯度，倾斜度90.gravitational ['grævə'teiʃənəl] a.重力的，万有引力的，地心引力的gravitational field 重力场，引力场gravity[ˈgræviti]n.重力，万有引力，地心引力gravity anomaly 重力异常gravity data 重力数据gravity field 重力场gravity survey 重力测量，重力调查91.gravimeter n.重力仪92.grid[grid]n.格子，网，网格grid point 网格点93.frozen ground冻土，冻地，永冻土94.high-resolution n.高分辨率；高分辨能力95.horizon[həˈraizən]n.水平线；地层，层位；反射界面96.impedance[imˈpi:dəns] n.阻抗acoustic impedance 声阻抗elastic impedance 弹性阻抗97.incident angle入射角98.in-field a.野外的；油田内部的99.instrument[ˈinstrumənt]n.仪器；工具100.interactive [intər'æktiv] a.人机对话的，交互的interactive workstation 人机交互工作站，人机联作工作站101.interface[ˈintə(:)feis]n.分界面，接触面，界面；接口102.interpretation[inˌtə:priˈteiʃən]n.解释，分析data interpretation 资料解释，数据解释geologic interpretation 地质解释103.interpreter[inˈtə:pritə]n.解释者，解释员；解释程序104.intersect[ˌintəˈsekt]vt.横切，和…相交vi.（线）相交，交叉105.interval[ˈintəvəl]n.间隔，间距；区间；层段data collection interval 采集数据的时间间隔；读数时间隔间106.interwell a.井间的107.inversion[ɪnˈvə:ʒən, -ʃən] n.反演least-squares inversion 最小平方反演108.invert[inˈvə:t, ˈinvə:t]vt.反演，转换inverted a.反演的，转换的109.isopach[ˌaisəuˈpa:tʃ] n.等厚线isopath map 等厚图110.jungle[ˈdʒʌŋgəl]n.丛林，稠密居住区111.karst[ka:st] n.岩溶，喀斯特112.key well关键井；基准井g[læg]n.滞后，落后，延迟，延缓lag time 滞后时间，落后时间，延迟时间，迟到时间，时间差距teral[ˈlætərəl] a.横的，横向的；侧面的yer[ˈleiə]n.层，地层116.limestone[ˈlaimstəun]n.石灰石，石灰岩117.lithologic[liθəˈlɔdʒik] a.岩性的，岩性学的；岩石的lithological (=lithologic) [liθəˈlɔdʒikəl] a.岩性的，岩性学的；岩石的lithological composition 岩性成分lithology [li'θɔlədʒi] n.岩性学118.log[lɔg]n.测井，测井图，测井记录，测井曲线，录井；钻井记录；记录vt.记录log data 测井数据，录井资料，钻井记录log information 测井资料，录井资料logging n.测井，录井，记录（仪器读数、试验结果）logging speed 测井速度logs n.测井曲线；钻井记录119.loop[lu:p]n.环形线路；回路；闭合线closed loop 闭合回路，闭环feedback loop 反馈回路120.time structure map等时间构造图121.magnetic[mægˈnetik] a.磁的，有磁性的，磁化的，可磁化magnetic data 磁测数据，磁测资料magnetic field 磁场magnetic property 磁性magnetic survey 磁测，磁法测量，地磁测量，磁法勘探magnetic tape 磁带magnetize ['mægnitaiz] vt.使磁化，使生磁性；使有磁力vi.受磁122.migrate[maiˈgreit]vi.移动，偏移，位移migration[maiˈgreiʃən]n.移动，偏移automatic migration 自动偏移reverse-time migration 逆时偏移123.mineral[ˈminərəl]n.矿物，矿物质，无机物a.矿物的，含矿物的，矿物质的，有矿物质的；无机物的124.misclosure [mis'kləuʒə] n.闭合线误差，闭合差125.mis-tie n.闭合差126.monitor record监视记录127.morphology [mɔ:'fɔlədʒi] n.形态学；地貌学128.moveout n.时差129.multichannel ['mʌlti'tʃænl] a.多道的，多路的n.多道，多路multichannel processiong 多道处理multiple[ˈmʌltipəl] a.多倍的；多次的；多重的n.多次反射，多次波multiple coverage 多次覆盖multiple reflection 多次反射，多次波multiplicity [ˌmʌlti'plisiti] n.重复次数，覆盖次数130.muting[mju:tiŋ] n.切除；噪声抑制；消音131.NMO(=normal moveout) 正常时差NMO correction 动校正，正常时差校正132.observation point观测点，观测站133.occurrence[əˈkʌrəns]n.产状；现象；发生，出现134.offset[ˈɔ:fset]n.补偿；偏移，炮检距135.offshore[ˌɔfˈʃɔ:] a./ ad.离岸的；海面上的offshore exploration 海上勘探136.oil[ɔil]n.油，石油，油类oil and gas 油气oil exploration 石油勘探oil finder 石油勘探工作者oil well 油井137.onshore ['ɔnʃɔ:] a.陆上的ad.在陆上的138.ore[ɔ:]n.矿，矿物，矿石ore body 矿体，矿床139.overlay ['əuvə'lei] v.涂，覆盖，叠加n.覆盖物，覆盖层overlaying a.上覆的140.parameter[pəˈræmitə]n.参数acquisition parameter 采集参数lithologic parameter 岩性参数141.pay[pei]n.产油层，生产层pay zone 产油气带，生产层142.permeability [ˌpə:miə'biliti] n.渗透率143.petroleum[piˈtrəuliəm]n.石油，原油petroleum accumulation 石油聚集petrophysical a.岩石物理的，岩石物理学的，岩石物性的petrophysical data 岩石物理数据，岩石物性数据petrophysical property 岩石物理性质petrophysicist n.岩石物理学家144.phase[feiz]n.阶段；状态；相位zero phase 零相位145.pinch-out n.尖灭，变薄，狭缩；挤出，压出146.plane[plein]n.面，平面a.平面的datum plane 基准面，水准平面，假设零位面fault plane 断层面147.pool[pu:l]n.油藏148.pore[pɔ:]n.空隙，小孔pore fluid 孔隙流体149.porosity[ˈpɔ:ˈrɔsiti]n.孔隙度；空隙度；孔率porosity log 孔隙度测井150.poststack[ˈpəuststæk] n.叠后，叠加后a.叠后的151.prestack[pri:sˈtæk] n.叠前，叠加前152.preprocessing[ˈpri:prəuˈsesiŋ] n.预处理，预加工153.preview[pri:ˈvju:]n.事先查看，预览vt.事先查看，预展data preview 数据预检154.primary[ˈpraiməri] a.主要的；初级的；一次的primary reflection 一次波，一次反射，原始反射155.field procedure野外方法156.process[ˈprəuses]vt.处理，加工n.过程；程序；方法processor n.处理机，处理器data processor 数据处理机157.profile[ˈprəufail]n.剖面；侧面；外形158.prospect[ˈprɔspekt, prəsˈpekt] n.远景构造，远景圈闭；远景；勘探vt.勘探，勘测prospecting n.勘探，勘察，勘测geophysical prospecting 地球物理勘探，物探159.pulse[pʌls]n.脉冲electromagnetic pulse 电磁脉冲160.P-wave n.P波，纵波，压缩波161.QC(=quality control) 质量控制162.R&D (=research and development )研究与开发163.random[ˈrændəm] a.任意的；偶然的，随机的random noise 随机干扰，随机噪声，无规律噪声164.rate[reit]n.比率，速度data rate 数据传输速度；数据率，信息率165.ratio[ˈreiʃiəu]n.比率，速度gas-to-oil ratio 地层气油比signal to noise ratio 信号信噪比，信噪比success ratio 成功率166.reconnaissance[riˈkɔnəsəns]n.普查，踏勘，勘测reconnaissance survey 踏勘测量，路线测量，路线测绘，普查167.recovery[riˈkʌvəri]n.回收，再生；恢复，还原，开采；采收率，采取率recoverable reserves 可采储量ultimately recovery 最终采收率enhanced oil recovery 提高采收率法采油，油气采收率oil recovery 采油；油的回收，油的再生168.reflect[riˈflekt]v.反射；映出；反省reflection n.反射，反射波reflection coefficient 反射系数reflection data 反射资料reflection event 反射波，反射同相轴reflection interval 反射间隔时间reflection seismology 反射地震学reflection survey 反射法勘探reflectivity n.反射系数；能量反射率；反射性reflector n.反射面，反射层169.refract[ri'frækt] v.使折射；使曲折refraction n.折射，折射波170.time-depth relationship时深关系171.relative impedance相对阻抗172.reserve[riˈzə:v] n.储量；储备v.保留，储存reservoir n.储集层，油层，油藏reservoir bed 储层reservoir characterization 油藏描述reservoir conditions 储层条件，地层条件reservoir delineation 储集层划分reservoir description 油藏描述reservoir management 油藏管理reservoir model 油层模型reservoir modeling 油层模拟reservoir performance 油层动态reservoir sand 储油砂层，储层砂岩，油砂体，油层砂reservoir simulation 油藏模拟reservoir simulator 油层模拟程序，油藏模拟软件reservoir-monitoring n.油藏检测173.resistivity[rɪːzɪ'stɪvətɪ]n.电阻率，电阻系数resistivity contrast 电阻率对比，电阻率差异174.resolution[ˌrezəˈlu:ʃən] n.溶解；分辨，分辨率；清晰度lateral resolution 横向分辨率175.response[rɪs'pɒns]n.回答，响应，反应176.reverberation[riˈvə:bəreitʃən]n.反响，回响；反射，反射物177.ringing n.混响178.rock[rɔk]n.岩石vt.摇摆，使动摇vi.摇，摇动rock frame 岩层构造，岩石构造，岩石骨架rock pore 岩石孔隙rock property 岩石性质179.roll[rəul]n.滚，滚动；背斜ground roll 地滚波roll-along n.逐点爆炸法；排列滚动前进180.sample[ˈsɑ:mpl] vt.取样，采样，抽取…的样品n.样品sampling interval 采样层段；采样时间间隔181.sand-dune n.沙丘182.sandstone[ˈsændstəun]n.砂岩183.sea-floor n.海底；海床184.sea-bottom n.海底185.section[ˈsekʃ(ə)n]n.剖面；截面；部分；段，井段cross section （横）截面，横剖面，横断面186.recording section记录部分187.sediment[ˈsedimənt]n.沉积，沉积物sedimentary a.沉积的，沉淀性的sedimentary basin 沉积盆地sedimentary rock 沉积岩sedimentary section 沉积剖面188.seismic[ˈsaizmik] a.地震的，地震引起的，与地震有关的seismic anomaly 地震异常seismic data 地震资料seismic event 地震波，地震波同相轴；地震事件seismic facies 地震相seismic horizon 地震层位seismic line 地震测线seismic prospecting 地震勘探seismic raypath 地震射线路径seismic resolution 地震分辨率seismic response 地震响应seismic section 地震剖面seismic sequence 地震序列，地震层序，地震层系seismic ship 地震船seismic survey 地震勘探，地震测量，地震调查seismic wave 地震波seismic wave-field 地震波场seismogram n.地震波曲线，震波图，地震记录seismograph n.地震仪，地震检波器seismology n.地震学189.sensor[ˈsensə]n.传感器，传送器；敏感元件，敏感装置；探测设备190.shale[ʃeil]n.页岩，泥岩191.shift[ʃift]n.移动；变化；变换v.移动；变换；改变time shift 时移，时间漂移，时间位移192.shot[ʃɔt]n.放炮，爆炸；射孔，炮眼shot hole 炮井shot position 炮点位置，激发位置shot-point n.炮点，激发点，爆炸点193.signal[ˈsignəl]n.信号a.信号的signal strength 信号强度signal to noise 信噪比194.single source点震源195.single-fold n.单次覆盖196.site[sait]n.位置，场所，地点vt.布置，定场所camp site 施工现场，营地，工地drill site 钻井工地，井场，井位197.slice[slais]n.切片，薄片vt.把…切成薄片；切下；切开vi.切horizon slice 层切片surface slice 面块切片time slice 时间片；时间切片198.sonic log声波测井，声速测井；声波测井图，声速测井图199.source[sɔ:s]n.源，出处；震源source boat 震源艇，震源船source location 震源位置source point 震源点，源点，炮点；电光源，点能源，点辐射源200.spacing[ˈspeisiŋ]n.间隔，间距；井距；步井；空隙201.spectrum[ˈspektrəm]n.谱，光谱，频谱；能谱amplitude spectrum 振幅谱phase spectrum 相位谱202.spike[spaik]n.尖脉冲203.stack[stæk]vt.堆积，叠加n.堆积，叠stacking n.叠加stacking velocity 叠加速度204.statics[ˈstætiks] n.静校正s205.strata[ˈstrɑ:tə]n.pl.层，岩层，地层stratigraphic (=stratigraphical) a.层状的，地层的，地层学的stratigraphic analysis 地层分析stratigraphic boundary 地层边界stratigraphic correlation 地层对比stratigraphic information 地层资料，地层信息stratigraphic interpretation 地层解释stratigraphic trap 地层圈闭stratigraphy n.地层学；地层中的岩石组成206.structural[ˈstrʌktʃərəl] a.结构上的，结构上的structural detail 构造细节structural feature 构造特征，构造形态，构造要素，构造细部；结构特征structural growth 构造生长structural map 构造图，构造等高线图structural relief 构造性起伏，构造高差；构造地形structural style 构造型式structural trap 构造圈闭structural trend 构造方向，构造走向buried structure 潜伏构造，隐伏构造flow structure 流型结构，流动构造geologic structure 地质构造207.subsurface[ˈsʌbˈsə:fis] a.地下的，地面下的；水面下的n.地下；地表下岩石subsurface coverage 地下覆盖段subsurface geology 地下地质，地下地质学subsurface picture 地下情况，地下构造情况图，地层构造情况208.surface[ˈsə:fis] a.地面上的，表面上的n.表面，面；地面，地表surface casing 表层套管，地面套管surface geology 地面地质；地表地质学surface indication 地面显示；油气苗surface seismic data 地面地震资料surface structure 表面结构；表面构造，表层构造209.S-wave n.S波，横波，切变波210.sweep[swi:p]v.扫描，波及211.synthetic[sinˈθetik] a.合成的，人造的；综合的synthetic acoustic-impedance log 合成声阻抗测井synthetic seismogram 合成地震记录212.tectonic[tekˈtɔnik] a.区域构造的，（地质）构造的tectonic setting （大地）构造环境，构造背景，构造位置，构造条件213.terrestrial[tiˈrestriəl] a.陆地的；地表的；陆生的；大地的214.topography[təˈpɔgrəfi] n.地形学，地貌学；地形，地势topographic [ˌtɔpəˈgræfik] a.层析成像的，X射线断层摄影的topographic data 地形资料，测绘资料215.trace[treis]n.轨迹；图形；记录线；记录道vt.描绘，追踪neighboring trace 邻道seismic trace 地震道216.trap[træp]n.圈闭，圈闭层vt.捕获；收集；把…夹（封闭、密封）在里面fault trap 断层圈闭hydrocarbon trap 油气圈闭，烃圈闭trapped a.捕集的，捕获的，收集的，截留的trapped oil 被圈闭的油，捕集油217.travel time旅行时，旅行时间，走时，传播时间；行程时间，进程时间218.trend[trend]n.方向，(地层或断层的)走向，趋势219.tube[tju:b]n.管，管子tube wave 管波，井筒波220.tundra[tʌndrə] n.苔原，冻土地带，冰原221.uniform thickness等厚，等厚度222.velocity[viˈlɔsiti]n.速度，速率；周转率velocity analysis 速度分析velocity correction 速度校正velocity gradient 速度梯度223.vertical[ˈvə:tikəl] a.垂直的；垂向的n.垂向vertical section 垂直剖面vertical seismic profiling 垂直地震剖面（法）vertical variation 垂向变化224.vibroseis[vaiˈbrəsaiz] n.可控震源；连续振动法，可控震源地震法225.walkaway n.噪音分析，噪声监测，噪声测试；通道226.wave[weiv]n.波downgoing wave 下行波Stoneley wave 斯通利波，斯通利面波wave-field（=wave field）n.波场wavefront n.波阵面wavelet n.子波，小波，成分波；弱波waveshape n.波形wave-propagation (=wave propagation ) n.波传播，波的传播wavetrain (=wave train ) n.波列227.weather [ˈweðəiŋ]n.风化作用；风化层；（地震波的）低速带228.well [wel]n.井；井孔well bore （=wellbore）钻井；井深；井筒，井身，井眼；孔径well data 井数据well log 测井；测井记录；录井记录wellhead n.井口，井口装置well-placement (=well placement )井位。
地球物理专业英语常用单词知识分享
地球物理专业英语常词单用．精品文档地球物理专业英语常用单词seismic discontinuity:地震不连续面raypath:射线路径seismic-electric effect:震电效应ray tracing:射线追踪seismic survey:real time:实时地震勘探seismogram:震相图record section记录剖面seismograph: reflection coefficient:反射系数地震仪，地震检波器seismologist:地震学家，地震工作者reflection survey:反射法勘探seismology地震学refraction:折射shear modulus:剪切模量refraction survey:折射法勘探shear wave:剪切波折射波：refraction wave:shotpoint:residual normal moveout:剩余正常时炮点shotpoint gap:炮点间隙差S/N: 交混回响信噪比。
reverberation:Snell's law: reverse migration:斯奈尔定律逆偏移sparker: Ricker wavelet:雷克子波电火花震源spherical divergence 均方根速度rms velocity球面扩散stack R-wave:瑞雷波。
叠加Ground mixing散射scattering: 地面混波Instrument mixing次波secondary wave仪器混波Vertical stackingSEG A, SEG B, or SEG C垂直叠加标准磁带格井口时间叠加Uphole stacking 式地震的seismic:收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除．精品文档Common-depth-point (CDP) stackingvelocity spectrum:速度谱共深度点叠加velocity survey速度测量Common-offset stacking同炮检距叠wave equation:波动方程加wave form:波形Velocity filtering 速度滤波wavefront:波阵面Coherency filtering / Auto-picking 相wave impedance:波阻抗干滤波/自动拾取wide-angle reflection:广角反射Diversity stacking相异叠加Young's modulus:杨氏模量Automigrating自动偏移zero-phase:零相位stacking velocity:叠加速度Zoeppritz's equations:佐普里兹方程Stoneley wave:斯通利波acoustic log声波测井streamer:海上拖缆amplitude log:声幅测井S-wave:S-波borehole gravimeter:井下重力仪synthetic seismogram:合成地震记录borehole log测井曲线tangential wave:切向波calibrate校正trace equalization:道均衡densilog密度测井trace gather:道选排，道集density log:密度测井trace integration:道积分，道综合dip log地层倾角测井transformed wave:变换波dipmeter地层倾角测井trough:波谷electrical log:电测井velocity analysis:速度分析gamma-gamma log:伽马-伽马测井velocity filter:速度滤波gamma-ray log:γ射线测井velocity inversion: 速度反转收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除．精品文档induction log:感应测井byte:字节characteristic value:Eigenvalue特性值microlog微电阻率测井/特征值neutron log: 中子测井Complex number复数radioactivity log:放射性测井contour:声波测井等值线sonic log:contour interval:能谱测井spectral log 等值线间隔convolution:声速测井褶积velocity log:crust:地壳well log:钻井记录，测井curl:安培定律旋度Ampere's law:db:Decibel.angular frequency:角频率分贝。
新译林版高中英语选修三Unit2短语汇总
新译林版高中英语选修三Unit2短语汇总1.on a space station 在空间站上e to an end 结束3.daily life 日常生活4.differ from 与…不同5.due to 由于6.absence of gravity 失重7.float around 四处飘浮8.attach to 固定，重视9.be extremely rewarding 非常有意义10.conduct scientific research 进行科学研究11.carry out experiments 开展实验rge regions of …的大片区域13.cast new light on 进一步了解…14.perform tasks 执行任务15.test new equipment 测试新设备16.in the circumstances 在这种情况下17.protect…from exposure to 保护…远离面对…18.head out 走出去19.at a time 一次20.in view of 考虑到21.be delivered to 被运送到…22.every couple of months 每隔几个月23.be of vital importance to 对…至关重要24.a significant amount of 相当多的25.discipline sb. to 严格要求某人做某事26.there's nothing we like more than 我们最喜欢的是27.at a speed of 以…的速度28.aim to 旨在，目的是29.set up permanent bases 建立永恒基础30.be glued to 被粘31.do a scientific analysis 进行科学分析32.look to the starry sky 仰望星空33.play a crucia] role in 起至关重要的作用34.the largest single-dish radio telescope in the world 世界上最大的单口径射电望远镜35.carry out observations 进行观察36.be crucial for/to 对…至关重要37.space exploration 太空探索38.be merely limited by our imagination 仅被想象限制39.beyond one’s expectation 超过某人的预期40.be comprised of 由…组成plete a more detailed scan of the Moon 完场对月球更仔细的观测42.prove to be a success 证明是成功的43.succeed in doing 成功做某事nd on the Moon 登月45.solar system 太阳系46.it is a waste of the public purse 浪费政府经费47.do nothing to 对…毫无帮助48.enhance the quality of our lives 提升我们的生活质量49.keep adventuring into new places 促使我们不断去往新的地方冒险50.long to visit thick and wild forests 渴望探索原始森林51.climb vast mountain ranges 攀登崇山峻岭52.cross deep oceans 穿越深海大洋53.look up at the stars 仰望星空54.make sense of 理解55.wonder about 思索56.be fascinated by 被…迷住57.remain curious about 仍对…好奇58.the mysteries of the universe 宇宙的奥秘59.make major contributions to 对…作出重大贡献60.address foundation questions 阐明本质问题61.orbit the Sun 绕太阳系公转62.better solve real-life problems 更好地解决现实中的问题63.provide benefits to societies 造福社会64.a strong motive 一个强有力的动力65.continue to 继续做…66.demand huge investment 需要重额投资67.the space industry 航天业68.bring great economic value opportunities 为…提供各种各样的工作机会69.go far beyond 远超70.for me personally 对我个人而言71.by far 迄今为止72.shape children’s lives 塑造…的人生73.motivate sb. to become 激励某人成为74.out thirst for knowledge alive 使我们始终保持对知识的渴望75.on the surface of 在…表面76.increase the risks of 增加…危险77.throughout the year 全年78.block…from reaching 阻挡…做…79.protect sb against 保护某人免收80.be bathed in sunlight 沐浴在阳光下81.take advantage of利用，欺骗82.the solar energy太阳能83.nuclear power stations核电站。
物探专业术语中英文对照
lunar tide 太阴潮solar tide 太阳潮turbulence 湍流spectrum of turbulence 湍流谱turbulent diffusion 湍流扩散turbulent dissipation 湍流耗散turbulent exchange 湍流交换turbulent mixing 湍流混合twilight 曙暮光wind shear 风切变yield function 产额函数zonal circulation 纬向环流zonal wind 纬向风airglow 气辉MST radar MST雷达，对流层、平流层、中层大气探测雷达。
aeronomy 高空大气学deviative absorption 偏移吸收non-deviative absorption 非偏移吸收after—effect of ［magnetic] storm 磁暴后效Chapman layer 查普曼层Appleton anomaly 阿普尔顿异常equatorial anomaly 赤道异常winter anomaly 冬季异常magneto—ionic theory 磁离子理论buoyancy frequency 浮力频率D — region Ｄ区E - region Ｅ区F - region Ｆ区F1 layer Ｆ1层F1 ledge Ｆ1缘F2 layer Ｆ2层Chapman production function 查普曼生成函数Cowling conductivity 柯林电导率Pedersen conductivity 彼得森电导率Hall conductivity 霍尔电导率direct conductivity 直接电导率cosmic radio noise 宇宙射电噪声riometer 宇宙噪声吸收仪critical frequency 临界频率dissociative recombination 离解性复合dynamo region 发电机区evanescent wave 消散波fade 衰落fadeout, blackout [短波通讯］中断ordinary wave 寻常波extraordinary wave 非寻常波Faraday rotation 法拉第旋转field—aligned irregularity 场向不规则结构Harang discontinuity 哈朗间断impedance probe 阻抗探针incoherent scattering radar 非相干散射雷达ionospheric storm 电离层暴ionosonde 电离层测高仪virtual height 虚高true height 真高digisonde 数字式测高仪ionogram 电离图polar cap absorption, PCA 极盖吸收sudden ionospheric disturbance, SID 突发电离层骚扰spread F 扩展 Fsporadic E 散见 E 层top-side sounder 顶视探测仪bottom—side sounder 底视探测仪travelling ionospheric disturbance， TID 电离层行扰short wave fadeout, SWF 短波突然衰落sudden frequency deviation， SFD [短波］频率急偏sudden phase anomaly， SPA 突发相位异常characteristic wave 特征波cross—modulation 交叉调制total electron content， TEC 电子总含量ambipolar diffusion 双极扩散eclipse effect ［日]食效应skip distance 跳距outer space 外层空间interplanetary space 行星际空间interstellar space [恒]星际空间deep space 深空solar—terrestrial space 日地空间solar-terrestrial physics 日地物理学one-hop propagation 一跳传播quasi—transverse propagation 准横传播quasi—longitudinal propagation 准纵传播maximum usable frequency， MUF 最大可用频率geomagnetism 地磁［学］main field 主磁场inclination, dip angle 磁倾角declination 磁偏角agonic line 零偏线aclinic line 零倾线magnetic isoclinic line 等磁倾线magnetic chart 磁图isomagnetic chart 等磁图isomagnetic line 等磁强线isoporic line, isopore 等年变线magnetic isoanomalous line 等磁异常线geomagnetic pole 地磁极dip pole 磁倾极magnetic local time 磁地方时magnetic dipole time 磁偶极时central dipole 中心偶极子dipole coordinate 偶极子坐标corrected geomagnetic coordinate 修正地磁坐标north magnetic pole 磁北极south magnetic pole 磁南极invariant latitude 不变纬度dip equator 倾角赤道eccentric dipole 偏心偶极子magnetogram 磁照图magnetically quiet day， q 磁静日magnetically disturbed day， d 磁扰日secular variation 长期变化solar daily variation, S 太阳日变化disturbed daily variation， Sd 扰日日变化storm-time variation， Dst 暴时变化magnetic disturbance 磁扰magnetic bay 磁湾扰magnetic crochet 磁钩扰magnetic storm 磁暴gradual commencement ［magnetic］ storm 缓始磁暴sudden commencement [magnetic] storm 急始磁暴sudden commencement 急始initial phase 初相main phase 主相recovery phase 恢复相magnetic substorm 磁亚暴expansive phase 膨胀相equivalent current system 等效电流系internal field 内源场external field 外源场aurora 极光aurora australis 南极光aurora borealis 北极光auroral oval 极光卵形环auroral belt 极光带subauroral zone 亚极光带Alfvēen layer 阿尔文层cleft, cusp 极隙pseudo—trapped particle 假捕获粒子radiation belt, Van Allen belt 辐射带又称“范艾伦带"。
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Chaper3：AVO inversionAVO：Amplitude Versus Offset (Amplitude Variationwith Offset)Extraction method: Simplification：Approximation：Weight-stackIntegration：Interpretation：GatherAVO responseEstimatePropagate，propagation Incident P-waveShear-waveSensitivityPore fluidClastic rockAmplitude magnitude Geologic settingReservoirEncasing mediumShalePromising applicationAVO analysisSubsurface layerelastic impedanceLithologyCurveWave propagation Hydrocarbon saturation Reflection coeffiecient Physical parametersAVO inversion Compressional wave ReflectivityWell logsGeophysicistProcedureReflected and transmitted InterfaceAssumption 振幅随偏移距的变化提取方法简化近似加权综合解释道集AVO响应估计传播入射P波剪切波灵敏度孔隙流体碎屑岩振幅幅度地质环境储层围岩页岩有意义的应用AVO分析地下层弹性阻抗岩性曲线波动烃饱和反射系数物理参数AVO反演压缩波反射波测井曲线地球物理学家程序反射和透射界面假设Second-order termNeglectCritical angleRearranged and simplifiedDerive and derivation GeometricallySolutionSymbolPoisson’s ratioNormal-incidence reflection coefficient Offset curveIntermediate angleDominantApproachLinearGradientEmpirical exponential relationship Data fittingSample, foldTwo-way P-wave timeSizeable errorIncompressibilityShear modulusSonic logsAppendixBe incorporated intoDensity termBulk modulusAnomaliesExisting algorithmsExplicit functionExplicit formMeasurementTake into considerationEstablishIterativeRay tracingInterval velocity fieldCoverageZone of interestRobustnessRock propertiesFormulaPotential uncertainties 2阶项忽略临界角重组和简化推导几何分布的解符号泊松比垂直入射反射系数偏移距曲线中间大小的角度区域方法线性梯度经验指数关系数据拟合样本覆盖次数P波双层旅行时显著的误差不可压缩剪切模量声波测井附录与….一致密度项体积模量异常现有的算法显函数显式测量把…考虑在内建立迭代射线追踪层速度场收敛有利区域稳健岩性公式潜在的不确定性Mud-rock lineUniversalCross-plotBorehole measurement Carbonate reservoirPositive and negativeGas-filled sandL1 and L2 normAdjustable parameters Independent and dependent Least square fittingObjective functionResidualSquared differenceMaximum-likelihood estimation Normally distributedDeviationLarge burstOutliersFlowchartValidityAllocate memoryFloating datumVectoreigenvalueFluid factorChaper4 AVO classification Self-organizing feature map neural networkContrastavo classificationAttributeIntercept and gradient Equivalent toDiscrimination of lithology and fluid contentFormation boundaryPore fluidAvo anomaliesGas reservoirsPetrophysicalShallow sediments 泥岩线普遍的交汇图钻孔测量碳酸盐储层正负含气砂岩L1，L2泛数变量独立非独立最小2乘拟合目标函数残差平方差最大似然估计正态分布误差较大的突出点；较大的突变点极值流程图合理性分配内存基准面向量特征值流体因素自组织特性映射神经网络对比avo分类属性截距和梯度等价于岩性以及流体成分的划分地层边界孔隙流体AVO异常储气层石油物理浅层沉积物BackgroundHydrocarbon provinceElastic propertiesAmplitude magnitudeNormal incidence coefficientPolarity reversalOverlying unitNonuniformPrior knowledgeAVO responseW.r.t.= with respect toSpatial locationIntrinsic featureSimilarity matchingSensory signalDynamically and statically StochasticTrial and errorTheoretical basisInversely proportional toInitial phaseConvergenceCluster analysisHot reservoir and cold reservoirChaper5/6 Fracture analysis Fracture analysisAuto-correlation and cross-correlation Converted shear-waveThree-component receiverRadial and transverse field component Azimuthally anisotropic medium Polarization and time lag/time delay Symmetric and asymmetric ConjugateSensitivitySimultaneously recoverSignal-to-noiseForward modelingFoldPrediction functionNormalized prediction error energy Field data 背景含烃类别弹性性质振幅幅度垂直入射极性反转上覆单位非均质的先验知识AVO相应相对于空间位置固有特征相似性匹配感应信号动态和静态随机的试错法基于理论的反比于初相位收敛聚类分析高产储层和低产储层裂缝分析自相关互相关转换剪切波3分量检波器径向和横向场分量各向异性介质极化和时间延迟对称和非对称共轭灵敏度同时反演获得信噪比正演覆盖次数预测函数归一化预测误差能量野外数据IncrementNatural-coordinate-systemContour-plotPickingPolarization angleIsotropic and anisotropic Symmetry and asymmetryStrike angle\dipangle\take off anglePlan viewClockwise/counterclockwise Multicomponent/multisource/multi -polarizationSeismic acquire systermShear-wave splittingNatural polarization direction OrientationLayer-strippingInline and crosslineFirst-arrivalMenu/submenuAzimuthally anisotropic elastic mediumParallel and perpendicularPartial differential operatorLeft-hand side\\ right-hand side Acquisition systemPre-multiplicationAcquisition coordinateField geophoneChaper8 amplitude processing Amplitude processingGeometrical divergence AbsorptionAngle of emergenceArray effectReflectorsInterpretationTransmission lossNMO stretchBe Consistent withCompensation 增量自然坐标系曲线图拾取极化角各向同性各向异性对称和非对称走向角/倾角/离源角平面图顺时针、逆时针多分量，多源，多极化地震采集系统剪切波分裂自然偏振方向方位剥落层纵侧线，横侧线初至菜单，子菜单各向异性弹性介质平行垂直偏微分算子方程的左边，右边采集系统左乘采集坐标野外检波器振幅处理几何发散吸收衰减出射角组合效应反射体解释透射损失正常校正拉伸与…一致补偿Artificial effectPreserve amplitudeSurface consistent scaling Meaningful velocity field Geometrical divergence correction Absorption compensation Emergence angle correction Complexity of the earth media Statistical and determininstic True amplitude processing EvaluationGain correctionPropagate spherically OvercorrectRay parameter and traveltime Interval velocity field Differential moveoutUpcoming waveObliqueSmear and distortShot-receiver offsetBe proportional toReliable background velocity Robustness and repeatability RecommendationAmplitude scalingAutomatic gain controlSurface consistent processing correctionBalancedPrestack migrationReference horizonAVO modellingElastic impedance contrast Eliminate out of plane effect Diagram and flowchart ProcedureMatured modulesElevation staticsResidual staticsMutingVelocity analysisDeterministic mannerRelative amplitude 假构造影响保幅地层一致性标定正确的速度场几何分散校正吸收补偿出射角校正地球介质的复杂性统计性和确定性保幅处理估计增益校正球面扩散过校正射线参数，旅行时层速度场微分时差上行波倾斜物炮点接收点偏移距炮检距与…成正比可靠的背景速度稳健性和可重复性建议振幅标定自动增益控制地表一致性处理校正平衡叠前偏移参考面AVO模拟弹性阻抗对比消除平面影响关系图，流程图程序成熟模块高程静校正残差静校正抑噪速度分析确定的方式相对振幅Stack sectionPick horizonDimmingChaper11/13 CCP binning and converted P-SV wave DMO BinningImageConversion pointDowngoing P-wave and upgoingS-waveAsymptotic approximation PotentiallyArtifactCommon conversion point Interactive operationi module Converted P-SVConversion point dispersal Inherently differentDispersal and smearing effectDip eventSupplementary materialRaypath geometry/ ray tracing Multicomponent receiverMappingKinematicSnell’s lawConstant-velocityManipulation function InitializationSubroutineTime-domainAmplitude and phaseForward modelingDipping reflectorTremendousGroup intervalSource intervalTrace per recordTrace offsetData bandwidthSample rate 叠加剖面拾取界面暗点面元成像转换点上行P波，下行S波渐进逼近潜在的人工的共转换点交互处理模块由P波转换来的SV波转换点离散本质的不同分散的涂抹效应倾斜同相轴辅助材料几何射线路径，射线追踪多分量检波器映射运动学的斯奈尔定律常速度控制函数初始化子程序时间域振幅和相位正演漫反射体大量的，充足的组间隔源间隔跟踪每个记录道偏移距数据带宽采样率Split-spread record Halfspace caseAdequateStatic-correctFloating datumData sortingBufferInterpolateReduce edge artifactBinningHeaderQuartic equationApertureTaperDMOZero-phase deconvolutionCareful reading1.AVO2.Fracture analysis3.Amplitude processing4.DMO(chapter 13) 分散传播记录半无限空间的情况足够的静校正基准面数据排序缓存内插减少边缘假构造效应面元头文件四次方程Aperture [æpətjuə] 孔径倾斜化倾角时差校正零相位反褶积。