历年真题及答案四
法律硕士综合课(中国宪法学)历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)
法律硕士综合课（中国宪法学）历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单选题 2. 多选题单项选择题第1-45小题，每小题1分，共45分。
下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项字母涂黑。
1．(2005年真题)宪法最主要、最核心的价值在于A．确认社会各阶级的政治地位B．使民主制度法律化C．保障公民的基本权利D．集中体现阶级力量对比关系正确答案：C解析：本题考点为《考试分析》第一章第一节中的宪法的实质特征。
宪法制定的目的在于限制公权力，保障公民的权利，宪法是“公民权利的保障书”，这是宪法最主要、最核心的价值所在。
知识模块：宪法基本理论2．(2010年真题)将国家权力划分为立法权、行政权和对外联盟权的启蒙思想家是A．孟德斯鸠B．洛克C．卢梭D．霍布斯正确答案：B解析：本题考点为《考试分析》第一章第三节中的权力制衡原则的历史发展。
近代意义上的分权理论是洛克开创的。
将国家权力划分成立法权、执行权和对外联盟权三种，为后来孟德斯鸠对三权分立科学划分和系统阐述打下基础，而美国的汉密尔顿为其设计了可行的制度并写入美国宪法。
因此应选B项。
知识模块：宪法基本理论3．我国《宪法修正案》中，明确规定“国家为了公共利益的需要，可以依照法律规定对公民的私有财产实行征收或者征用并给予补偿”的是A．1988年《宪法修正案》B．1993年《宪法修正案》C．1999年《宪法修正案》D．2004年《宪法修正案》正确答案：D解析：本题考点为《考试分析》第一章第二节中的新中国现行宪法的内容和特点。
2004年《宪法修正案》第22条规定，公民的合法的私有财产不受侵犯。
国家依照法律规定保护公民的私有财产权和继承权。
国家为了公共利益的需要，可以依照法律规定对公民的私有财产实行征收或者征用并给予补偿。
所以答案为D。
知识模块：宪法基本理论4．(2013年真题)我国宪法规定：“人民依照法律规定，通过各种途径和形式，管理国家事务，管理经济和文化事业，管理社会事务。
全国自学考试00041《基础会计学》历年真题及答案(4套)
全国2012年7月高等教育自学考试基础会计学试题课程代码：00041一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.2011年1月1日，甲公司所有者权益各项目金额如下：实收资本2 000 000元，资本公积170 000元，盈余公积380 000元，未分配利润320 000元。
则该公司2011年1月1日的留存收益为（）A.320 000元B.380 000元C.700 000元D.870 000元2.企业收到投资者的出资额超过其在注册资本中所占份额的差额，应贷记的账户是（）A.“实收资本”B.“资本公积”C.“银行存款”D. “利润分配”3.对会计确认、计量和报告的时间范围作出具体划分的会计假设是（）A.会计分期B.持续经营C.货币计量D.会计主体4.“固定资产”账户期末余额1 000 000元，“累计折旧”账户期末余额200 000元，则期末固定资产净值应为（）A.200 000元B.800 000元C.1 000 000元D.1 200 000元5.按用途和结构分类，“在途物资”账户属于（）A.结算账户B.期间账户C.资产类账户D.成本计算账户6.企业从金融机构取得为期3年的借款，会计上应将其确认为（）A.短期借款B.长期借款C.应付票据D.应付账款7.下列各项中，应作为管理费用核算的是（）A.诉讼费B.广告费C.利息支出D.商品展览费8.企业发生的公益性捐赠支出应计入（）A.管理费用B.生产资本C.营业外支出D.其他业务成本9.下列业务发生时，应填制转账凭证的是（）A.生产领用原材料B.用现金支付职工薪酬C.收回应收账款存入银行D.用银行存款偿还短期借款10.从会计循环过程看，连接会计凭证与财务报表的中间环节是（）A.财产清查B.复式记账C.设置会计科目D.登记会计账簿11.按原始凭证的填制手续分类，“制造费用分配表”属于（）A.一次凭证B.累计凭证C.记账编制凭证D.汇总原始凭证12.下列关于总分类账户与所属明细分类账户平行登记规则的表述中，不正确．．．的是（）A.两者登记的依据相同B.两者登记的期间相同C.两者登记的方向一致D.两者记录经济业务的详细程度相同13.下列账户的明细核算，适宜采用数量金额式账页格式的是（）A.“应付账款”B.“财务费用”C.“库存商品”D.“其他业务收入”14.期末将各调整分录过账后再编制“调整后试算平衡表”，其目的是（）A.检查日常账务处理是否正确B.检查日常账务处理是否完整C.检查日常账务处理是否合法D.检查调整账务处理是否正确完整15.下列账务处理程序中，最基本的是（）A.日记总账账务处理程序B.记账凭证账务处理程序C.科目汇总表账务处理程序D.多栏式日记账账务处理程序16.下列关于实地盘存制的表述中，正确的是（）A.可以简化日常核算工作B.存货明细分类核算的工作量较大C.有利于加强对存货的管理和控制D.便于随时掌握存货的占用情况及其动态17.下列属于对账工作内容的是（）A.进行账项调整B.结转损益类账户C.将本期经济业务全部登记入账D.将总分类账户余额与所属明细分类账户余额合计数进行核对18.下列资产负债表项目中，需要根据若干总分类账户期末余额计算填列的是（）A.货币资金B.应付利息C.短期借款D.实收资本19.我国企业资产负债表通常采用的列报格式是（）A. 单步式B.账户式C.多步式D.报告式20.下列会计档案需要保存25年的是（）A.银行对账单B.现金日记账C.季度财务报告D.总账和明细账二、多项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
2020年教师资格证考试《小学综合素质》历年真题及答案(4)
2020年教师资格证考试《小学综合素质》历年真题及答案（4）一、单项选择题。
1.陈老师说不是每个学生都能考上大学，学习上暂时落后并不代表永远落后，我绝不放弃任何学生，下列说法不恰当的是( )。
A.陈老师重视学生发展的阶段性B.陈老师重视学生发展的不平衡性C.陈老师重视学生发展的差异性D.陈老师重视学生发展的顺序性【答案】D【解析】“每个学生”体现差异性，“暂时落后不代表永远落后”体现阶段性和不平衡性。
故本题选 D.2.下图教师行为体现的是( )。
A.评价标准多元化B.评价标准单一化C.评价方法复杂化D.评价方式多样化【答案】B【解析】评价标准单一化3.班主任方老师刚上课时发现有人在班长的桌子上用粉笔写了大大的“坏蛋”，对此方老师恰当的做法是( )。
A.发动学生检举肇事者B.责令班长自我反省C.严肃批评教育全班学生D.擦掉字迹后再处理【答案】D【解析】擦掉字课后再处理。
检举、责令、严肃批评教育全班学生的做法都是错误的。
4.黄老师经常带学生到学校花池观察荷叶和荷花，为学生讲解莲藕的生长过程并引导学生将有关荷叶、荷花的知识编成小册子，这体现黄老师( )。
A.教育科学研究者B.行为规范示范者C.专业发展引领者D.课程资源开发者【答案】D【解析】荷花荷叶都是校外资源，体现课程资源的开发者角色.故本题选 D. 【知识点】职业理念5.依据《教育法》的规定，关于设立学校必须具备的基本条件的要求，下列选项不正确的是( )。
A.有长期发展规划B.有组织机构和章程C.有必备的办学资金和稳定的经济来源D.有符合规定的教学场所及设施设备【答案】A【解析】《教育法》第二十七条规定，设立学校及其他教育机构，必须具备下列基本条件：(一)有组织机构和章程;(二)有合格的教师;(三)有符合规定标准的教学场所及设施、设备等;(四)有必备的办学资金和稳定的经费来源.故本题选 A. 【知识点】教育法律法规6.学生张某在高考中，由他人代考，依据《教育法》规定，可由教育行政部门责令张某停止参加高考( )。
历年专四听力真题及答案(含听写)
2000Section A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear nine statements. At the end of the statement you w ill be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following nine questions.1. What is said about Harry¡¯s brother?A. He is happy with his job.B. He is a very ambitious man.C. He is too ambitious to be an engine driver.D. He doesn¡¯t like to be an engine driver.2. What do you learn about Ms. Ellis?A. She has been waiting.B. She is examining her patient.C. She is seeing her doctor.D. She wouldn¡¯t mind waiting.3. Joan is probably a___.A. nurseB. doctorC. lawyerD. saleswoman4. The speaker sees Mary wear ___ different silk scarves in a week.A. 2B.5C.7D. 65. Where will the passengers change trains to go to Gilford?A. East Croydon.B. Victoria.C. Southeast.D. Red Hill.6. What is the speaker probably doing?A. Interviewing a clerk.B. Writing a job ad.C. Dismissing a clerk.D. Making inquires7. What does the speaker mean?A. Emily is neither honest nor trustworthy.B. Emily used to be honest only.C. Emily used to be trustworthy only.D. Emily is more than honest and trustworthy.8. When does the next train leave?A. 6:56.B. 7:00.C.7:28.D.8:38.9. What was wrong with Malcolm?A. He had trouble working hard.B. He didn¡¯t know where to go.C. He never went anywhere.D. He worked hard but never succeeded.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear eight short conversations between two speakers. A t the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following eight questions.10. What¡¯s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Doctor and patient.C. Lawyer and client.D. Boss and secretary.11. What is the weather usually like in November?A. Hotter than the present weather.B. More humid than the present weather.C. Drier than the present weather.D. Cooler than the present weather.12. What conclusion can we draw from this conversation?A. Public buses are fast and cheap.B. Parking is becoming a big problem.C. Subway trains are even safer than taxis.D. Taxis are more convenient than buses.13. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Fixing the woman¡¯s computer.B. Ordering some new parts by Friday.C. Getting the new parts ready by Friday.D. Sending the woman¡¯s computer for repair.14. What can we learn from the conversation?A. Neither of them has a favourable opinion of the service.B. The woman is having a terrible time serving in the restaurant.C. Both agree it¡¯s time for the restaurant to fire some staff.D. The man thinks the restaurant is all right, but the woman doesn¡¯t.15. Who will pay for the call?A. The man.B. The operator.C. The man¡¯s sister.D. The man and his sister.16. What does the man think of the woman¡¯s choice of clothing?A. He thinks her choice is good.B. He thinks her choice is terrible.C. He doesn¡¯t like the colour.D. He doesn¡¯t like the style.17. What happened to Mr. Runt¡¯s project?A. It was fairly successful.B. It was hard and futile.C. It failed for lack of fund.D. It stopped for lack of land.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestion 18 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 1O seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.18. According to the news, NATO and Russia___.A. have finalized a charter on their new relationshipB. still have differences in military and political issuesC. will hold a fifth round of talks in LuxembourgD. made no progress in this round of talksQuestions 19 and 20 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the two questions.Now listen to the news.19. ___ people were killed during the air crash.A. 61B. 51C. 41D. 1020. According to the news, the plane crashed___.A. shortly before it landedB. minutes after it took offC. after it cleared the mountainsD. at the foot of the mountainsQuestions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the two questions.Now listen to the news.21. Which of the following is NOT listed as a terrorist group by the US?A. The pro-Iranian Hezbollah.B. The Palestinian group Hamas.C. The Irish Republican Army.D. The Basque separatist group ETA.22. The affected groups will be prevented from___.A. entering the United States legallyB. freezing US financial assets abroadC. receiving support from other countriesD. giving weapons to other terrorist groupsQuestion 23 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 1O seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.23. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu___.A. has been prosecuted by the Justice MinistryB. may be prosecuted by the Justice MinistryC. has been prosecuted by the policeD. will be prosecuted on MondayQuestions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the two questions.Now listen to the news.24. The winners of the reported elections are___.A. the left-wing ConservativesB. the left-wing SocialistsC. the centre-right ConservativesD. the centre-right Socialists25. If the left secures the parliamentary majority,___.A. Chirac will share his presidential power with JospinB. Jospin will share his prime ministerial power with ChiracC. Jospin will become prime minister, and Chirac will remainD. Jospin will become prime minister, and Chirac will resign2000ÄêרҵËļ¶ÌýÁ¦ÊÔÌâÌýÁ¦Ô-ÎÄ£ºPART ¢ò DICTATIONWhat We Know About LanguageMany things about language are a mystery and will remain so. However, we now do know something about it. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. No human race anywhere on earth is so backward that it has no language of its own at all. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. In all the languages existing in the world today, there are complexities that must have been developed for years. Third, we knowthat all languages are perfectly adequate. Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. And finally, we know that language changes over time, which is natural and normal if a language is to survive. The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.PART ¢ó LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A STATEMENT1. Harry¡¯s brother would not remain an engine driver if he were ambitious.2. Would you mind waiting a few minutes? Ms Ellis is being examined by her physician at this moment.3. Joan is in hospital. I¡¯d like to send her a handbag she can use later in the law office, where she is employed.4. Mary and I work in the same office. We are on five days and off two days in a week. Every time I see her, she is wearing a different silk scarf.5. We¡¯ll come aboard Southeast Service to Red Hill, East Corydon and Victoria, with changes in Red Hill for Gilford.6. What we need here is a clerk who is careful and CONSIDERATE. Let¡¯s write that in the ad: carefulness and consideration are a must.7. I used to think Emily was honest and trust-worthy, but now I know better.8. The first train to Green Hill leaves at 6:28. There is a train every hour on the hour and every 28 minutes PAST the hour.9. The trouble is no matter how hard he tried, Malcolm didn¡¯t seem to get anywhere.SECTION B CONVERSATION10. M£ºWhat do you think? Am I OK?W: Well, there is some information that seems to me ... I want to have a thorough checkup and do some tests.11. M: It¡¯s hot! I wish it would rain and cool off!W: This isn¡¯t usual for November. I don¡¯t remember it ever being so hot and dry in November before.12. M: Many people prefer taking public buses or the subway or even taxis because parking is getting to be a real headache in some parts of the city.W: That doesn¡¯t surprise me.13. M: Hello, Good morning, I¡¯m calling to check on the status of mycomputer.W: Well, the new parts have just been coming in, so it should be ready by Friday.14. M£º My goodness, the service in this restaurant is really terrible,a lot worse than before.W: Right. It¡¯s high time they got rid of half the staff here if you ask me.15. M: Operator, I booked a long-distance collect call for my sister in Switzerland 25 minutes ago, but I haven¡¯t got a reply yet.W: Sorry£¬ I ring it for you right now.16. W: I¡¯ll wear this blue jacket. I like the color on me, don¡¯t you think?M: I think it looks terrific on you, really.17. M: How did Mr. Hunt¡¯s project turn out? I heard he had trouble with the financing, but then he could get the loan he wanted.W: It¡¯s true. He did have difficulties at first. But all in all, the project couldn¡¯t have turned out better.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item One (18)NATO and Russia are reporting some progress in efforts to finalize a charter governing their post-cold-war relationship. But they stressed more work must be done to settle their differences in military and political issues. A fifth round of talks between the Russian foreign minister and NATO Secretary General ended Tuesday in Luxembourg.News Item Two (19-20)A Boeing 727 aircraft with 51 passengers and 10 crew on board has crashed into a mountain side just outside the Columbia capital, Bogota. Police and rescue workers said everyone was killed when the plane exploded scattering wreckage over a wide area. The crash happened shortly after take-off when the plane was unable to gain enough height to clear the mountains. The aircraft belonged to Ecuadorian Airline, but it had been chartered by Air-France for the route from Bogota to Ecuadorian Capital, Quito.News Item Three (21-22)The US has designated thirty international groups as terrorist organizations, barring them from receiving money, weapons or other support from US citizens. The new terrorist list includes a Palestinian group Hamas, the Pro-Iranian Hezbollah, Cambodian¡¯s Khmer Rouge, the Basque separatist group ETA, Sri Lanka¡¯s Tamitigers, and Peru-based Shining Path and Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement. The list does not include the Irish Republican Army or the Palestinian Liberation Organization. US Secretary of State Maddine Albright says the affected groups will have their US visas revoked and US financial assets frozen.News Item Four (23)Israeli prosecutors are reviewing charges against Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, after Israeli police called off his indictment. Justice Ministry officials say they hope a decision on whether to bring charges against the Israeli leader will be announced Sunday. The case stems from the appointment of Runny Barong as Israeli attorney general. Critics charged the appointment was part of a conspiracy to end the trial of Netanyahu¡¯s political ally.News Item Five (24-25)The combined left-wing opposition in France has defeated President Jaque Chirac¡¯s ruling conservative coalition in the first round of the country¡¯s parliamentary elections. Projections by French TV give the Socialist-led opposition 40% of the vote and Mr. Chirac¡¯s center-right coalition 37%. If the left secures the majority of seats in parliament, Socialist leader Leono Jospin would likely became prime minister in the power-sharing arrangement with President Chirac.2000ÄêרҵËļ¶ÌýÁ¦ÊÔÌâ²Î¿¼´ð°¸£º1-5 ACCBD6-10 BABDB11-15 DBAAC16-20 AABAB21-25 CABBC2001SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear nine statements. At the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.1. The speaker likes teaching because of ___.A. its interesting natureB. the good salariesC. contact with the youngD. more summer holidays2. What does the speaker mean?A. Bad living conditions are due to the poor city.B. Bad planning is responsible for poor living conditions.C. Living conditions are bad because the city is too big.D. Small cities have better living conditions than large ones.3. What does the statement mean?A. Many people are concerned about their security.B. Social security bears no relation to population.C. Most social security problems are caused by a few people.D. Too many people may result in social security problems.4. Passengers must check in to board Flight 998 by ___.A. 10:30 a.mB. 10:00 a.mC. 11:30 a.mD. 11:00 a.m5. The speaker is probably a(n) ___.A. insurance agentB. firemanC. salesmanD. policeman6. The speaker thinks that___.A. Ian achieved a lot as an athleteB. Ian¡¯s blind eye prevented him from athleticC. Ian¡¯s success depended on his childhood experienceD. Ian trained so hard in athletics as to lose one eye7. Mrs. Clark is worried about her___.A. husband¡¯s healthB. husband¡¯s workC. husband¡¯s illnessD. own health8. The relationship between Susan and Jenny is ___.A. neutralB. friendlyC. unclear D strained9. What do we learn about Jack?A. He is well-known for hard work.B. He is pretty busy working.C. He has overworked and hurt his sight.D. He doesn¡¯t like to have dinner with us.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.10. What are they mainly talking about?A. Graduation date.B. Vacation plans.C. School courses.D. Job hunting.11. The conversation probably takes place in___.A. a libraryB. a bookstoreC. the classroomD. a department store12. The relationship between the two speakers is probably___.A. man and wifeB. lawyer and clientC. customer and waitressD. colleagues13. We can infer from the conversation that the man is a(n) ___.A. plumberB. construction workerC. office boyD. porter14. What will the man probably do next?A. Turn off the tape recorder.B. Turn up the tape recorder.C. Call the doctor.D. Continue to play.15. How does Lisa feel about her work?A. Satisfied.B. Frustrated.C. Annoyed.D. Confident.16. The woman is going to the___.A. libraryB. theatreC. research instituteD. laboratory17. Jackson changed his job because he ___.A. hurt himself during his workB. was not satisfied with his planC .wanted to work harderD. found the job too hard18. What does the woman say about the film?A. It is hard to pronounce the name.B. It is not going to be well received.C. She has temporarily forgotten its name.D. She has never heard of the name.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 19 and 20 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.19. Nigeria returned to the Commonwealth after ___.A. she had sentenced minority rights activists to deathB. the military had resumed control of the countryC. power had been handed over to an elected presidentD. she had negotiated with Commonwealth leaders20. The Commonwealth consists of ___countries which were former British colonies.A. 54B. 29C. 9D. 95Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.21. The space shuttle Discovery completed a ___mission upon to the Kennedy Space Centre.A. 11-dayB. 94-dayC. 10-dayD. 49-day22. When the spacecraft was going to land, ___.A. it produced a lot of noiseB. there were scattered showerC. people could see it high in the skyD. people could neither see nor hear itQuestions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 second to answer the question.Now listen to the news.23. How many people died during the collision?A Two.B Eighteen. C. Three. D. Five.24. Three Albanians were arrested for___.A. attacking the patrol boaB. smuggling in refugeesC. causing the accidentD. injuring refugeesQuestion 25 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.25. The news item is mainly about___.A. efforts to salvage Sun VistaB. negotiation with the ship¡¯s ownerC. threats Sun Vista poses to passing shipD. a newspaper¡¯s comment on Sun Vista2001ÄêÓ¢ÓïרҵËļ¶ÌýÁ¦Ô-ÎÄÎı¾£ºSECTION A STATEMENT1. I have to teach the same course books several times in the summer holiday camp, which is sometimes boring and not well-paid, but by and large I¡¯m quite delighted at being with young people.2. The poor living conditions in such a large city have resulted from the unplanned real estate development, which is rarely seen in small cities.3. At a recent seminar, many participants were worried about the fact that overpopulation may give rise to many social security problems.4. May I have your attention, please? Flight 998 is leaving at 11:30a.m. Please check in half an hour prior to the departure.5. Having gone through your claims for fire damage, I don¡¯t think the policy you have provided protection against loss by fire.6. Ian lost one eye in a childhood accident, but he nonetheless hada very successful athletic career.7. Mr. and Mrs. Clark used to smoke. But now Mrs. Clark has stopped and she is afraid her husband will fall ill if he doesn¡¯t get rid of his bad habit of smoking both at home and at work.8. I heard from Mary that last semester, Susan found it difficult to stay on good terms with her roommate Jenny.9. Jack says that he is up to his eyes at work at present and really cannot afford the time to have dinner with us.SECTION B CONVERSATION10. W: I want to find a part-time job during the summer vacation and earn some money. How about youM: I¡¯m going to take a few summer courses so that I can graduate early next year.11. W: Excuse me, I want some dictionaries. Where can I find themM: The regular-priced ones are here and on that table in the corner of the room we have some on discount.W: Thank you.12. W: I wonder where I can take my girlfriend for dinner after work tonight.M: Have you been to the Chinese Restaurant near the school13. M: Hello, the pipe in my bedroom is leaking. Can you come and get it repaired right awayW: Well, it depends on how soon I can finish the drains at the office building.14. W: Do you think you can play the music tape another time, dear? I¡¯ve got a slight headache.M: Of course. Sorry. I didn¡¯t realize you could hear it. You want me to call the doctorW: No, thanks. I¡¯ll be OK in a minute.15. M: Lisa, how are you getting along with our term paperW: I¡¯ve been writing and rewriting it. I simply don¡¯t know if I will ever get it finished.16. W: I must go to the library, the one near the laboratory, becauseI have to finish my research project by tomorrow. But if I could, I prefer to go with you to the theatre.M: I wish you could come along.17. M: Why did Jack suddenly decide to quit his jobW: He said he wouldn¡¯t break his back working for such low pay.M: I see.18. M: Are you sure you can remember the name of the film you saw last weekW: It¡¯s just on the tip of my tongue.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item One (19-20)Commonwealth leaders agreed to lift Nigeria¡¯s 3-5 years¡¯ suspension on May 29, the day the military government hands over power to the elected president, the organization secretary general announced yesterday.Nigeria was suspended from the 54 nation group of mainly former British colonies in 1995 after it executed 9 minority rights activists including writer Ken Thawrawiwa. But now that the country has embarked on the return to democracy, Commonwealth heads of government have agreed to end this estrangement. Secretary general chief Ormiga Anyaco said in a statement: ¡°I¡¯m delighted an unfortunate episode in Nigeria Commonwealth relations will now come to an end and Nigeria is resuming its rightful place in the Commonwealth.News Item Two (21-22)The Space Shuttle Discovery made a real night landing at the Kennedy Space Center early on Thursday. The night landing, the 11th in the centre¡¯s 94 shuttle missions, ended a 10-day mission to outfit the orbiting international space station. Although the space craft created a solid boom that can be heard along much of Florida¡¯s eastern seaboard, witnesses on the ground could not see the orbiter until it was directly over the one-way lights. Scattered showers off the Florida coast had threatened to postpone the shuttle¡¯s return. But broadcasters gave a green light when they decided no rain will fall within 48 kilometres of the space centre.News Item Three (23-24)Five people died, two were missing and at least 18 were injured on Wednesday when an Italian petrol vessel collided with a dinghy filled with refugees crossing the Adriatic sea from Albania, authorities said. The victims were believed to be Albanians from either Albania or Kosovo, said authorities from Italy¡¯s Tax Police Division, which, along with the coast guard, patrols the nation¡¯s coast. The cause of the collision was not immediately known. Three Albanians, believed be smuggling the refugees were arrested a few hours after the accident.News Item Four (25)Malaysian authorities are discussing possible salvage efforts with Sun Cruisers, the Singapore owner of a large liner, that sunk off Malaysialast week, a news report said yesterday. Sun cruisers had received some advice from Malaysia on the matter. The Business Times newspaper quoted the company¡¯s spokeswoman Judy Shoo Asian. Judy and other Sun Cruiser¡¯s officials could not immediately be reached for further comment as they were away in Indonesia. The Sun Vista went down in international waters. The nearby Malaysia may have the right to order the wreck¡¯s removal, the newspaper said. Salvage experts said the wreck of the Sun Vista, which sank in 65 metres of water, poses no threat to ships passing over it. But Malaysia may still want it removed.2001ÄêÓ¢ÓïרҵËļ¶ÌýÁ¦ÊÔÌâ²Î¿¼´ð°¸£ºPART ¢ò DICTATIONCharacteristics of a Good ReaderTo improve your reading habits, you must understand the characteristics of a good reader. First, the good reader usually reads rapidly. Of course, he does not read every piece of material at the same rate. But whether he is reading a newspaper or a chapter in a physics text, his reading rate is relatively fast. He has learned to read for ideas rather than words one at a time. Next, the good reader can recognize and understand general ideas and specific details. Thus he is able to comprehend the material with a minimum of effort and a maximum of interest. Finally, the good reader has in his command several special skills, which he can apply to reading problems as they occur. For the college student, the most helpful of these skills include making use of the various aids to understanding that most text books provide and skim-reading for a general survey.1-5 CBDDA6-10 AADBB11-15 BDAAB16-20 ABCCA21-25 CADBB2002SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear eight statements .At the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.1. The speaker is most probably a(n) ___.A. architectB. construction workerC. tourist guideD. housing agent2. What does the statement mean?A. Travel is much faster and convenient now than before.B. People are now travelling much more than in old days.C. Traveling to far-away places has become very common.D. It used to take two more weeks to travel by coach than now3. The speaker feels sorry because___.A. he can¡¯t attend tomorrow¡¯s dinner.B. his wife can¡¯t attend tomorrow¡¯s dinner.C. the couple can¡¯t attend tomorrow¡¯s dinner.D. the couple would be unable to cook the dinner.4. Where is the speaker?A. In the zoo.B. In the classroom.C. In the library.D. At a meeting.5. What does the statement mean?A. One¡¯s success is largely dependent on intelligence.B. Low motivation may lead to poor performance.C. Motivated people are more likely to succeed.D. Both motivation and intelligence are important.6. What does the speaker suggest?A. We should read word by word to get his meaning.B. We should read line by line to get his meaning.C. We should try to find the hidden meaning.D. We should try to find the lines and read them aloud.7. How much does the overcoat cost at the regular price?A. 120.B.15.C.60.D.45.8. What does the speaker mean?A. The sports meet has been cancelled.B. The sports meet has been held despite the rain.C. The time has been set for the sports meet.D. When the sports meet will be held is yet to be known.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.9£® What are the speakers probably going to do?A. To persuade Mary to spend more time on her lessonsB. To help Mary to prepare for the upcoming concert.C. To talk with Mary about going to the concert.D. To ask Mary to stop worrying about the exam10. What can we learn about the man?A. He firmly believes in UFOs.B. He is doubtful about UFOs.C. He is sure many people have seen UFOs.D. He thinks many people have lied about UFOs.11. Which of the following has the man never been interested in?A. Electronic music.B. Civil engineering.C. Electronics.D. Electronic engineering.12. What does the man mean?A. The milk is safe to drink.。
英语专四考试专业四级TEM4历年真题试题及答案解析
英语专业四级考试宝典TEM4历年真题及答案目录2011年英语专业四级考试TEM4真题及答案 (1)2012年英语专业四级考试TEM4真题及答案 (17)2013年英语专业四级考试TEM4真题及答案 (32)2014年英语专业四级考试TEM4真题及答案 (49)2011年英语专业四级考试TEM4真题及答案TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2011)TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN] In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT?A. The show will have more stands this year.B. The show will have more visitors this year.C. The number of overseas visitors will be the same this year.D. The number of exhibition days will be the same this year.2. According to the conversation, the price for a stand would includeA. a catalogue.B. a poster.C. two desks.D. four chairs.3. During the conversation, the man seems to be more interested inA. the size of the show.B. the cost of the stand.C. the basic furniture.D. the visitor number.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4. What is Jim interested in?A. Investing in the company’s product.B. Buying a new educational computer.C. Joining the computer company.D. Reading the campaign plan.5. The advertisements will be placed in all the following EXCEPTA. family magazines.B. Sunday newspapers.C. morning television.D. teenage magazines.6. The advertisements are intended to be seen byA. parents only.B. children only.C. school teachers.D. whole families.7. Linda sounds about the success of the campaign plan.A. confidentB. hesitantC. uncertainD. delightedQuestions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8. John has worked in all the following places EXCEPTA. a book shop.B. a paper factory.C. a school.D. a fastfood restaurant.9. From the conversation, we learn that JohnA. has no interest.B. has only one interest.C. has two interests.D. has quite a few interests.10. Sue Green seems to be more interested in John’s experience ofA. working in a paper factory.B. working in a youth club.C. looking after his brother and sister.D. looking after his young friends.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to the passage, the average age of the fleet of Delta/Northwest isA. 10 years.B. 14 years.C. 16 years.D. 20 years.12. It can be learned from the passage thatA. air journeys are quite often far from comfortable.B. air travellers usually enjoy luxury during flight.C. air travellers usually enjoy upgraded conditions.D. airlines always provide good in-flight entertainment.13. Older planes can stay safe for more than 25 years because of the following EXCEPTA. new engines.B. strong materials.C. proper maintenance.D. new interior.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. Which job will involve supervising workers using dangerous equipment?A. Assistant site manager.B. Carpenter supervisor.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Automobile service station manager.15. Who will also decide on the prices of products and services?A. Airlines’ flight service manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Assistant site manager.D. Carpenter supervisor.16. Who may also do some of the work he supervises?A. Assistant site manager.B. Airlines’ flight service manager.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Carpenter supervisor.17. Which job offers the highest salary?A. Assistant site manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Carpenter supervisor.D. Airlines’ flight service manager.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. Where were the two men filmed?A. In the jewelry shop.B. In the City Mall.C. Near the lorry.D. In the parking lot.19. Witnesses saw the two menA. leave the lorry together.B. leave the lorry without hoods.C. run back to the lorry separately.D. run back to the lorry without hoods.20. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. The lorry was originally painted white.B. The lorry had no registration plates.C. The shorter man was the passenger.D. The taller man was the driver.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What did NASA’s Constellation Programme originally plan to do?A. To set up a moon colony by 2020.B. To send astronauts again to the moon by 2020.C. To continue the current shuttle missions till 2020.D. To create more jobs for NASA till 2020.22. NASA’s Constellation Programme would be cancelled mainly becauseA. there were important space missions.B. the space agency lacked funding for the programme.C. the current shuttle missions would continue.D. Congress failed to pass President Obama’s budget.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. The Russian cargo ship was sinking. What was the direct cause?A. No explanation of the problem.B. Long distance away from land.C. Slow rescue efforts.D. Severe weather.24. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a possible means of rescue?A. Aircraft.B. Tugboat.C. Nearby cargo ship.D. Vessels at the oil rig.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. Why did the singers meet in Hollywood?A. To raise money for African humanitarian efforts.B. To raise money for Haitian earthquake victims.C. To sing in memory of Michael Jackson.D. To make a recording of the original version of the song.26. Which o the following details about the news is INCORRECT?A. The organizer is one of the co-writers of the first song.B. Singers will use the same recording studio as in 1985.C. The recording session s expected to last long.D. Stars from the original version will take part.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. The additional 2 billion dollars will mainly be used toA. upgrade its network capacity.B. improve customer services.C. develop new products.D. market more iPhones.28. Where does A T&T face difficulties in particular?A. Nationwide.B. Overseas.C. In large cities.D. In remote towns.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Where is the presence of security patrols most evident?A. Where matches take place.B. Where protests may take place.C. In downtown Vancouver.D. Around the athletes’ village.30. What is this news item mainly about?A. Political protest during the Olympics.B. Security operations during the Olympics.C. Olympics’ security forces.D. Security measures in buildings.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN] Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.“Congratulations, Mr. Cooper. It’s a girl.”Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and (31) a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel (32) when they receive the news, (33) others worry, wondering whether they will be good father. (34) there are some men who like children and may have had (35)experience with them, others do not particularly (36) children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. (37) other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have (38) willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the (39) to the birth of a child, it is obvious the shift from the role of husband to (40)of a father is a difficult task. (41) , unfortunately, few attempts have been made to (42) fathers in this resocialization (43) . Although numerous books have been written about mothers, (44) recently has literature focused on the (45) of a father.It is argued that the transition to the father's role, although difficult, is not (46) as great as the transition the wife must (47) to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete (48) in daily routine. (49) , the father’s role is less demanding and (50) .31. A. bring down B. bring forth C. bring off D. bring in32. A. emotional B. sentimental C. bewildered D. proud33. A. while B. when C. if D. as34. A. When B. If C. Although D. Yet35. A. considerate B. considerable C. considering D. considered36. A. care about B. care of C. care with D. care for37. A. For B. Of C. From D. Upon38. A. received B. taken C. accepted D. obtained39. A. reply B. reaction C. readiness D. reality40. A. what B. this C. one D. that41. A. As a result B. For example C. Yet D. Also42. A. educate B. cultivate C. inform D. convert43. A. step B. process C. point D. time44. A. / B. just C. quite D. only45. A. role B. work C. career D. position46. A. a little B. just C. nearly D. almost47. A. take B. make C. carry D. accept48. A. transformation B. realization C. socialization D. reception49. A. In addition B. Above all C. Generally D. However50. A. current B. immediate C. present D. quickPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man he was fifteen yearsago.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that52. Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND?A. Beg your pardon.B. Have a good time.C. Never do that again!D. What noise you are making!53. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didn’t win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.54. When you have finished with the book, don’t forget to return it to Tim, ?A. do youB. will youC. don’t youD. won’t you55. In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the –ING participle is usedA. as a command.B. as a condition.C. for concession.D. for emphasis.56. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT?A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.57. It is not so much the language the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. asB. norC. butD. like58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come?59. The additional work will take weeks.A. the otherB. another twoC. other twoD. the more60. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主语从句)?A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.61. It’s getting late. I’d rather you now.A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave62. In the sentence “The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning”, the italicized word is used to modifyA. the object.B. the verb.C. the subject.D. the prepositional phrase.63. There is no doubt the couple did the right thing in coming back home earlier than planned.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when64. The sentence that expresses OFFER isA. I’ll get some drinks. What’ll you have?B. Does she need to book a ticket now?C. May I know your name?D. Can you return the book next week?65. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation (主谓关系)?A. Mr Smith’s passport has been issued.B. The visitor’s arrival was reported in the news.C. John’s travel details have not been finalized.D. The new bookstore sells children’s stories.66. Our office has recently to a new computer system.A. alteredB. convertedC. transformedD. modified67. The crowd went as soon as the singer stepped onto the stage.A. wildB. emotionalC. uncontrolledD. unrestricted68. Our school library is closed for repairs.A. shortlyB. quicklyC. temporarilyD. rapidly69. John is up to his eyes in work at the moment. The underlined part means .A. very excitedB. very busyC. very tiredD. very efficient70. Victoria bumped into her brother quite by chance in the supermarket. The underlined word means.A. riskB. opportunityC. possibilityD. luck71. “Look at those pretty girls’ skirts” is , because it is not clear whether the girls or the skirts are“pretty’.A. ambiguousB. hiddenC. indirectD. indistinct72. House repairs, holidays, school fees and other have reduced his bank balance to almost nothing.A. amountB. paymentC. expensesD. figures73. It was really of you to remember my birthday.A. gratefulB. thoughtfulC. considerableD. generous74. You can go to a travel agency and ask for a holiday .A. introductionB. advertisementC. bookD. brochure75. The city government is building more roads to the increasing number of cars.A. accommodateB. receiveC. acceptD. hold76. They’ve lifted a two-year-long economic on the country.A. enclosureB. restrictionC. blockadeD. prohibition77. Everyone is surprised that she has fallen out with her boy friend. The underlined part means .A. leftB. quarreledC. attackedD. defeated78. His plan is carefully prepared and full of details, so it is a very one.A. elaborateB. refinedC. ambitiousD. complex79. The girl’s voice was so low that we could hear her.A. seldomB. almostC. onlyD. barely80. She must have been pretty to fall for such an old trick.A. interestedB. gullibleC. enthusiasticD. shrewdPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AWe have a crisis on our hands. You mean global warning? The world economy? No, the decline of reading. People are just not doing it anymore, especially the young. Who’s responsible? Actually, it’s more like, What is responsible? The Internet, of course, and everything that comes with it —Facebook, Twitter (微博). You can write your own list.There’s been a warning about the imminent death of literate civilization for a long time. In the 20th century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to spell doom for the written world. None did. Reading survived; in fact it not only survived, it has flourished. The world is more literate than ever before —there are more and more readers, and more and more books.The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Take the arrival of e-book readers as an example. Devices like Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are possible. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links: to texts, pictures, and videos. In the future, the way people write novels, history, and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.On the other hand, there is the danger of trivialization. One Twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long “digests” of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span —that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.In the 15th century, Johannes Guttenberg’s invention of the printing press in Europe had a huge impact on civilization. Once upon a time the physical book was a challenging thing. We should remember this before we assume that technology is out to destroy traditional culture.81. Which of the following paragraphs briefly reviews the historical challenges for reading?A. Paragraph One.B. Paragraph Two.C. Paragraph Three.D. Paragraph Four.82. The following are all cited as advantages of e-books EXCEPTA. multimodal content.B. environmental friendliness.C. convenience for readers.D. imaginative design.83. Which of the following can best describe how the author feels toward single-sentence-long novels?A. Ironic.B. Worried.C. Sarcastic.D. Doubtful.84. According to the passage, people need knowledge of modern technology and to survive in thefast-changing society.A. good judgmentB. high sensitivityC. good imaginationD. the ability to focus85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Technology pushes the way forward for reading and writing.B. Interconnectivity is a feature of new reading experience.C. Technology is an opportunity and a challenge for traditional reading.D. Technology offers a greater variety of reading practice.TEXT BI know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen.Spring cleaning.I’ll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today’s busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order.“Honey, what say we spend the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow?” I say.“Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over?” my husband answers.But I tell my family, spring cleaning can’t wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter’s hibernation (冬眠), yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze and all of the natural world demanding “Awake and be clean!”Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring’s first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone (激素) our bodies produce when it’s dark. When spring’s light comes, the melatonin diminishes, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty,virus-filled house we’ve been hibernating in for four months.I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring’s arrival. I speak to them about life’s greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum from the bathtub, which hasn’t been properly cleaned since the first snowfall.“I’ll do it,” says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home.“You will? Wow!” I exclaim.Maybe after all these years, he’s finally grasped the concept. Maybe he’s expressing his rightful position as eldest child and role model. Or maybe he’s going to Florida for a break in a couple of weeks and he’s being nice to me who is the financial-aid officer.No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he is supposed to be cleaning.“Awake and be clean!” I say.86. According to the passage, “…spring cleaning is difficult notion for modern families to grasp” means thatspring cleaningA. is no longer an easy practice to understand.B. is no longer part of modern family life.C. requires more family members to be involved.D. calls for more complicated skills and knowledge.87. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be included in family spring cleaning?A. Beating the rugs.B. Cleaning the window.C. Restoring Wi-Fi services.D. Cleaning the backyard.88. Why does the author say “spring cleaning can’t wait”?A. Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer.B. Because the air is fresher and the breeze is lighter.C. Because the whole family is full of energy at spring time.D. Because the snow is melting and the ground is thawing.89. Which of the following interpretations of the biologists’ theory about melatonin is INCORRECT?A. The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different times.B. Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodies.C. The reduction of melatonin will cause wakefulness in our bodies.D. The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodies.90. Which of the following can best sum up the author’s overall reaction to her adult son’s positive response tospring cleaning?A. Surprised and skeptical.B. Elated and hesitant.C. Relieved and optimistic.D. Optimistic and hesitant.TEXT CThese days lots of young Japanese do omiai, literally, “meet and look.” Many of them do so willingly. In today’s prosperous and increasingly conservative Japan, the traditional omiai kekkon, or arranged marriage, is thriving.But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn’t reject the partner chosen by his parents and their middleman. After World War II, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren’ai kekkon, or love marriage, became popular; Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn’t necessarily produce a partner of the right economic, social, and educational qualifications. “Today’s young people are quite calculating,” says Chieko Akiyama, a social commentator.What seems to be happening now is a repetition of a familiar process in the country’s history, the “Japanization” of an adopted foreign practice. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new omiai in which both parties are free to reject the match. “Omiai is evolving into a sort of stylized introduction,”Mrs. Akiyama says.Many young Japanese now date in their early twenties, but with no thought of marriage. When they reach the age —in the middle twenties for women, the late twenties for men —they increasingly turn to omiai. Some studies suggest that as many as 40% of marriages each year are omiai kekkon. It’s hard to be sure, say those who study the matter, because many Japanese couples, when polled, describe their marriage as a love match even if it was arranged.These days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighbourhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents; a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it’s less awkward to reject a proposed partner if the nakodo is a computer.Japan has about five hundred computer matching services. Some big companies, including Mitsubishi, run one for their employees. At a typical commercial service, an applicant pays $80 to $125 to have his or her personal data stored in the computer for two years and $200 or so more if a marriage results. The stored information includes some obvious items, like education and hobbies, and some not-so-obvious ones, like whether a person is the oldest child. (First sons, and to some extent first daughter, face an obligation of caring for elderly parents.)91. According to the passage, today’s young Japanese preferA. a traditional arranged marriage.B. a new type of arranged marriage.C. a Western love marriage.D. a more Westernized love marriage.92. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. A Western love marriage tends to miss some Japanese values.B. Less attention is paid to the partner’s qualification in arranged marriages.C. Young Japanese would often calculate their partner’s wealth.D. A new arranged marriage is a repetition of the older type.93. According to the passage, the figure 40% (Paragraph Five) is uncertain becauseA. there has been a big increase in the number of arranged marriages.B. Western love marriage still remains popular among young Japanese.。
2023年尾矿考试历年真题荟萃四卷合一(附带答案)卷4
2023年尾矿考试历年真题荟萃四卷合一（附带答案）（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第一套一.全能考点(共50题)1.【单选题】尾矿库排洪系统布置的关键是确定进水构筑物的()。
A、方位B、位置C、方向参考答案：B2.【单选题】滑坡处理前还应在裂缝上方修截水沟,以拦截或()坝面的积水。
A、坝高B、拦截C、引走参考答案：C3.【单选题】早期反滤层采用砂砾石级配置,现在多采用()。
A、土工布B、塑料布C、麻纤维布参考答案：A4.【单选题】滤干的尾矿入库后,在()蒸发及下渗等因素影响下,堆体内少量水分疏干很快,尾矿迅速固结。
A、人工B、自然C、机械参考答案：B5.【判断题】实际浸润线的位置比设计的高,坝坡的稳定性就高。
参考答案：×6.【单选题】依据《工伤保险条例》的规定,享有工伤保险权利的主体是()。
A、职工、雇主B、用人单位C、用人单位、职工参考答案：A7.【单选题】每期子坝堆筑完毕,应进行()检查。
A、质量B、安全C、防护参考答案：A8.【单选题】同时具有浓缩和分级的设备是()。
A、离心泵B、浓缩池C、旋流器参考答案：C9.【单选题】中游法和下游法堆坝用旋流器沉砂用来堆坝,溢流放入()。
A、坝体地基B、埋置地基C、坝内参考答案：C10.【判断题】每年雨季前保持原设计的调洪容积和泄洪能力,以保证洪水畅通排入。
参考答案：×11.【单选题】检修设备,应在关闭启动装置、切断动力电源和设备完全停止运转的情况下进行,并应对紧靠设备的运动部件和带电器件设置护栏。
在切断电源处,电源开关应(),并应悬挂“有人作业,不准送电”的警示牌。
A、摆放路障B、加锁或设专人监护C、划定禁区参考答案：B12.【判断题】初期坝坝顶具有一定的高度。
参考答案：×13.【判断题】抢筑临时拦洪断面和合拢断面,边坡过缓,填筑质量差造成滑坡。
参考答案：×14.【判断题】减少暴雨洪水的出库流量,可采取分流,截流等措施将洪流排至库外。
历年专四语法真题参考答案
2000-2019年历年专四语法真题答案2019年11. Moving from beginning to end by order of time, narration relies on a more natural pattern of organization than ________.A. will other types of writingB. do other types of writingC. on other types of writingD. other types of writing解析：选D。
本题很明显的一道送分题，考查比较状语从句。
观察句子和选项，可看出本题要比较的对象是“narration”和“other types of writing”。
than在此处是连词，后面需要接句子，后接应是other types of writing rely on natural pattern of organization，与主句一致部分可省略，即other types of writing。
12. ________ the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive.A. If it not had been forB. If had it not been forC. Had it not been forD. Had not it been for解析：选C。
考查虚拟语气。
当虚拟条件句中含有were，had，should等助动词时，可以将if省略，然后将were，had或should等词移至句首，注意从句中否定词not不需要提前。
本句正常语序为If it had not been for the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive。
考研数学三(线性代数)历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)
考研数学三（线性代数）历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 选择题 2. 填空题 3. 解答题选择题下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1．(99年)设n阶矩阵A与B相似，E为n阶单位矩阵，则【】A．λE－A＝λE－B．B．A与B有相同的特征值和特征向量．C．A和B都相似于一个对角矩阵．D．对任意常数t，tE－A与tE－B相似正确答案：D解析：由已知条件，存在可逆矩阵P，使得P-1AP＝B 所以P-1(tE －A)P＝tE－P-1AP＝tE－B 这说明tE－A与tE－B相似，故D正确．知识模块：线性代数2．(02年)设A是n阶实对称矩阵，P是n阶可逆矩阵．已知n维列向量α是A的属于特征值λ的特征向量，则矩阵(P-1AP)T属于特征值λ的特征向量是【】A．P-1αB．PTαC．PαD．(P-1)Tα正确答案：B解析：由条件有AT＝A，Aα＝λα，故有(P-1AP)T(PTα)＝PTA(PT)-1PTα＝PTAα＝PTλα＝λ(PTα) 因为PTa≠0(否则PTα＝0，两端左乘(PT)-1，得α＝0，这与特征向量必为非零向量矛盾)，故由特征值与特征向量的定义，即知非零向量PTα是方阵(PTAP)T的属于特征值λ的特征向量．因此，B正确．知识模块：线性代数3．(05年)设λ1，λ2是矩阵A的两个不同的特征值，对应的特征向量分别为α1，α2，则α1，A(α1＋α2)线性无关的充分必要条件是【】A．λ1＝0B．λ2＝0C．λ1≠0D．λ2≠0正确答案：D解析：由条件知α1，α2线性无关．向量组α1，A(α1＋α2)，即向量组α1，λ1α1＋λ2α2，显然等价于向量组α1，λ2α2，当λ2＝0时，α1，λ2α2线性相关，当λ2≠0时，α1，λ2α2线性无关，故向量组α1，A(α1＋α2)线性无关向量组α1，λ2α2线性无关≠0，只有选项D正确．知识模块：线性代数4．(10年)设A为4阶实对称矩阵，且A2＋A＝O．若A的秩为3，则A 相似于【】A．B．C．D．正确答案：D解析：设A按列分块为A＝[α1 α2 α3 α4]，由r(A)＝3，知A的列向量组的极大无关组含3个向量，不妨设α1，α2，α3是A的列向量组的极大无关组．由于A2＝－A，即A[α1 α2 α3 α4]＝－[α1 α2 α3 α4]，即[Aα1 Aα2 Aα3 Aα4]＝[－α1－α2－α3－α4]，得Aαj＝－αj，j＝2，3，4．由此可知－1是A的特征值值且α1，α2，α3为对应的3个线性无关的特征向量，故－1至少是A的3重特征值．而r(A)＝3＜4，知0也是A的一个特征值．于是知A的全部特征值为：－1，－1，－1，0，且每个特征值对应的线性无关特征向量个数正好等于该特征值的重数，故A相似于对角矩阵D ＝diag(－1，－1，－1，0)，故选项D正确．知识模块：线性代数5．(13年)矩阵相似的充分必要条件为【】A．a＝0，b＝2．B．a＝0，b为任意常数．C．a＝2，b＝0．D．a＝2，b为任意常数．正确答案：B解析：B为对角矩阵，B的特征值为其主对角线元素2，6，0．若A与B相似，则由相似矩阵有相同的特征值，知2为A的一个特征值，从而有由此得a＝0．当a＝0时，矩阵A的特征多项式为由此得A的全部特征值为2，b，0．以下可分两种情形：若b为任意实数，则A为实对称矩阵，由于实对称矩阵必相似于对角矩阵，且对角矩阵的主对角线元素为该实对称矩阵的全部特征值，所以此时A必相似于B．综上可知，A与B相似的充分必要条件为a＝0，b为任意常数．所以只有选项B正确．知识模块：线性代数6．(16年)设A，B是可逆矩阵，且A与B相似，则下列结论错误的是【】A．AT与BT相似．B．A-1与B-1相似．C．A＋AT与B＋BT相似．D．A＋A-1与B＋B-1相似．正确答案：C解析：由已知条件知，存在可逆矩阵P，使得P-1AP＝B……(1)．由(1)两端取转置，得PTAT(PT)-1＝BT，可见AT与BT相似，因此选项A正确；由(1)两端取逆矩阵，得P-1A-1P＝B-1……(2)，可见A-1与B-1相似，因此选项B 正确；将(1)与(2)相加，得P-1(A＋A-1)P＝B＋B-1，可见A＋A-1与B＋B-1相似，因此选项D正确．故只有选项C错误．知识模块：线性代数7．(07年)设矩阵，则A与B 【】A．合同，且相似．B．合同，但不相似．C．不合同，但相似．D．既不合同，也不相似．正确答案：B解析：由A的特征方程得A的全部特征值为λ1＝λ2＝3，λ3＝0，由此知A不相似于对角矩阵B(因为A的相似对角矩阵的主对角线元素必是A的全部特征值3，3，0)，但由A的特征值知3元二次型f(χ1，χ2，χ3)＝χTAχ的秩及正惯性指数均为(二次型f＝χTAχ经适当的正交变换可化成标准形f＝3y12＋3y22，再经可逆线性变换可化成规范形f＝z12＋z22，而f的矩阵A与f 的规范形的矩阵B＝diag(1，1，0)是合同的)．知识模块：线性代数8．(08年)设A＝则在实数域上与A合同的矩阵为【】A．B．C．D．正确答案：D解析：记(D)中的矩阵为D，则由知A与D有相同的特征值3与－1，它们又都是实对称矩阵，因此存在正交矩阵P与Q，使PTAP＝＝QTDQ，QPTAPQT＝D，或(PQT)A(PQT)＝D，其中PQT可逆，所以A与D合同．知识模块：线性代数9．(15年)设二次型f(χ1，χ2，χ3)在正交变换χ＝Py下的标准形为2y12＋y22－y32，其中P＝(e1，e2，e3)．若Q＝(e1，－e3，e2)，则f(χ1，χ2，χ3)在正交变换χ＝Qy，下的标准形为【】A．2y12－y22＋y32．B．2y12＋y22－y32．C．2y12－y22－y32．D．2y12＋y22＋y32．正确答案：A解析：设二次型的矩阵为A，则由题意知矩阵P的列向量e1，e2，e3是矩阵A的标准正交的特征向量．对应的特征值依次是2，1，－1．即有Ae1＝2e1，Ae2＝2e2，Ae3＝2e3 从而有AQ＝a(e1，－e3，e2)＝(Ae1，－Ae3，Ae2)＝(2e1，－(－e3)，e2) ＝(e1，－e3，e2) 矩阵Q的列向量e1，－e3，e2仍是A的标准正交的特征向量，对应的特征值依次是2，－1，1．矩阵Q是正交矩阵，有Q-1＝QT，上式两端左乘Q-1，得Q-1AQ＝QTAQ＝从而知厂在正交变换χ＝Py下的标准形为f＝2y12－y22＋y32．于是选A．知识模块：线性代数10．(16年)设二次型f(χ1，χ2，χ3)＝a(χ12＋χ22＋χ32)＋2χ1χ2＋2χ2χ3＋2χ1χ3的正、负惯性指数分别为1，2，则【】A．a＞1B．a＜－2C．－2＜a＜1D．a＝1或a＝－2正确答案：C解析：先来求二次型的矩阵A的特征值，由得A的全部特征值为λ1＝λ2＝a－1，λ3＝a＋2，由题设条件知有两个特征值小于零，有一个特征值大于零，所以a－1＜0＜a＋2，由此得－2＜a＜1，故只有选项C正确．知识模块：线性代数填空题11．(04年)二次型f(χ1，χ2，χ3)＝(χ1＋χ2)2＋(χ2－χ3)2＋(χ3＋χ1)2的秩为_______．正确答案：2解析：f的矩阵A＝的秩为2，所以f的秩为2．知识模块：线性代数12．(11年)设二次型f(χ1，χ2，χ3)＝χTAχ的秩为1，A的各行元素之和为3，则f在正交变换χ＝Qy下的标准形为_______．正确答案：3y12解析：由f的秩为1，知f的矩阵A只有一个不为零的特征值，A的另外两个特征值均为零．再由A的各行元素之和都等于3，即，知A的全部特征值为λ1＝3，λ2＝λ3＝0．于是f经正交变换化成的标准形为f＝λ1y12＋λ2y22＋λ3y32＝3y12．知识模块：线性代数13．(14年)设二次型f(χ1，χ2，χ3)＝χ12－χ22＋2aχ1χ3＋4χ2χ3的负惯性指数为1，则a的取值范围是_______．正确答案：[－2，2]解析：对f配方，可得f(χ1＋aχ3)2－(χ2－2χ3)2＋(4－a2)χ32 于是f可经可逆线性变换化成标准形f＝z12－z22＋(4－a2)z32 若4－a2＜0，则f的负惯性指数为2，不合题意；若4－a2≥0，则f的负惯性指数为1．因此，当且仅当4－a2≥0，即｜a｜≤2时，f的负惯性指数为1．知识模块：线性代数14．(07年)设矩阵A＝，则A3的秩为_______．正确答案：1解析：利用矩阵乘法，容易计算得由于A3中非零子式的最高阶数为1，故由矩阵的秩的定义，即知r(A3)＝1．知识模块：线性代数15．(09年)设α＝(1，1，1)T，β＝(1，0，k)T．若矩阵αβT相似于，则k＝_______．正确答案：2解析：矩阵A＝αβT＝由A的特征方程得A的特征值为λ1＝λ2＝0，λ3＝k＋1．又由A与对角矩阵相似，知A的特征值为3，0，0．比较得k＋1＝3，所以k＝2．知识模块：线性代数16．(97年)若二次型f(χ1，χ2，χ3)＝2χ12＋χ22＋χ32＋2χ1χ2＋t χ2χ3是正定的，则t的取值范围是_______．正确答案：解析：f的矩阵为因为，f正定甘A的顺序主子式全为正，显然A的1阶和2阶顺序主子式都大于零，故f正定知识模块：线性代数解答题解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤。
历史学专业基础综合(中国通史)历年真题试卷4(题后含答案及解析)
历史学专业基础综合（中国通史）历年真题试卷4(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 名词解释4. 简答题6. 论述题名词解释21-28小题，每小题10分，共80分。
1．新石器时代正确答案：考古学分期中指使用磨制石器和陶器的时代。
传统的观点是将磨制石器、制陶术、农业和畜牧业，作为新石器时代的四个基本要素和新石器时代开端的标志。
新石器时代开始于距今1万年左右，结束于距今5000年至4000年。
新石器时代早期的年代距今约10000年左右至7000年，中期距今为7000年至5000年，晚期距今约5000年至4000年。
目前我国发现的新石器时代早期文化遗存主要以裴李岗文化为代表，中期以仰韶文化和红山文化为代表，晚期以龙山文化和良渚文化为代表。
2．商鞅变法正确答案：战国时期商鞅在秦国进行的改革。
公元前356年，商鞅进行第一次变法，内容包括：(1)颁发法律，制定连坐法，轻罪用重刑；(2)奖励军功，禁止私斗，颁布按军功赏赐的二十等爵制度；(3)重农抑商，奖励耕织。
公元前350年，商鞅又进行第二次变法，内容包括：(1)废除贵族的井田制；(2)普遍推行县制，设置县一级官僚机构；(3)迁都咸阳，修建宫殿；(4)统一度量衡制，颁布度量衡的标准器。
商鞅变法促进了秦国社会经济的发展，为秦国统一六国准备了物质和社会条件。
3．《轮台罪己诏》正确答案：汉武帝晚年颁布的政令。
汉武帝时期，繁苛征敛和土地兼并造成大量的自耕农破产，加之长期对外战争，人力物力损失严重。
征和四年(公元前89年)，汉武帝拒绝了桑弘羊在轮台扩大屯田的建议，下诏罪己。
从此，汉武帝停止了对外征伐，转向对内政的整顿，实行“息民重农”政策。
任田千秋为相，又以赵过为搜粟都尉，推行代田法，发展生产。
汉武帝政策的转变收到了良好的效果，社会逐步安定下来，生产得以恢复发展。
4．海上之盟正确答案：1120年北宋与金通过海上往返谈判签订的共同对付辽国的军事盟约。
金建国后，在军事上连胜辽军。
计算机专业基础综合数据结构排序历年真题试卷汇编4_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
计算机专业基础综合数据结构（排序）历年真题试卷汇编4(总分66, 做题时间90分钟)1. 单项选择题1.在文件“局部有序”或文件长度较小的情况下，最佳内部排序的方法是( )。
[山东大学2001二、2(1分)】SSS_SINGLE_SELA 直接插入排序B 冒泡排序C 简单选择排序D 快速排序分值: 2答案:A2.在排序算法中，每次从未排序的记录中挑出最小(或最大)关键字的记录，加入到已排序记录的末尾，该排序方法是( )。
【中山大学1999一、11(1分)】SSS_SINGLE_SELA 选择B 冒泡C 插入D 堆分值: 2答案:A3.若用冒泡排序方法对序列{10，14，26，29，41，52}从大到小排序，需进行( )次比较。
【南京理工大学1999一、11(4分)】SSS_SINGLE_SELA 3B 10C 15D 25分值: 2答案:C4.采用简单选择排序，比较次数与移动次数分别为( )。
【南京理工大学2000一、18(1．5分)】SSS_SINGLE_SELA O(n)，O(logn)B O(logn)，O(n*n)C O(n*n)，O(n)D O(nlogn)，O(n)分值: 2答案:C5.对序列{15，9，7，8，20，一1，4，)用希尔排序方法排序，经一趟后序列变为{15，一1，4，8，20，9，7}，则该次采用的增量是( )。
【南京理工大学1999一、15(1分)】SSS_SINGLE_SELA 1B 4C 3D 2分值: 2答案:B6.快速排序在最坏情况下的时间复杂度与下列哪个算法最坏情况下的时间复杂度相同? ( )。
【北京交通大学2006一、7(2分)】SSS_SINGLE_SELA Shell排序B 堆排序C 起泡排序D 基排序分值: 2答案:C7.下列排序方法中，( )在待排序的数据为有序时，花费时间反而最多。
【华中科技大学2007一、8(2分)】SSS_SINGLE_SELA 快速排序B 插入排序C 堆排序D 冒泡排序分值: 2答案:A8.快速排序算法在最好情况下的时间复杂度是( )。
法考国际私法历年真题答案及解析(四)
2018法考国际私法历年真题答案及解析（四）法考已进入到了紧张的复习阶段，真题练习必不可少，小编整理了国际私法历年真题供各位考生练习，帮助大家解析命题思路，了解命题的陷阱与障碍。
一、多项选择题1、中国A公司与甲国B公司签订货物买卖合同，约定合同争议提交中国C仲裁委员会仲裁，仲裁地在中国，但对仲裁条款应适用的法律未作约定。
后因货物质量问题双方发生纠纷，中国A公司依仲裁条款向C仲裁委提起仲裁，但B公司主张仲裁条款无效。
根据我国相关法律规定，关于本案仲裁条款的效力审查问题，下列哪些判断是正确的？A.对本案仲裁条款的效力，C仲裁委无权认定，只有中国法院有权审查B.对本案仲裁条款的效力，如A公司请求C仲裁委作出决定，B公司请求中国法院作出裁定的，由中国法院裁定C.对本案仲裁条款效力的审查，应适用中国法D.对本案仲裁条款效力的审查，应适用甲国法【正确答案】BC【答案解析】选项A错误，选项B正确。
依据《仲裁法》第二十条规定，当事人对仲裁协议的效力有异议的，可以请求仲裁委员会作出决定或者请求人民法院作出裁定。
一方请求仲裁委员会作出决定，另一方请求人民法院作出裁定的，由人民法院裁定。
选项C正确，选项D错误。
依据《仲裁法解释》第十六条规定，对涉外仲裁协议的效力审查，适用当事人约定的法律；当事人没有约定适用的法律但约定了仲裁地的，适用仲裁地法律；没有约定适用的法律也没有约定仲裁地或者仲裁地约定不明的，适用法院地法律。
因此，中国A公司与甲国B公司约定合同争议提交中国C仲裁委员会仲裁，仲裁地在中国，对本案仲裁条款效力的审查，应适用中国法。
2、甲国公民A与乙国公民B的经常居住地均在中国，双方就在丙国境内发生的侵权纠纷在中国法院提起诉讼。
关于该案的法律适用，下列哪些选项是正确的？A.如侵权行为发生后双方达成口头协议，就纠纷的法律适用做出了选择，应适用协议选择的法律B.如侵权行为发生后双方达成书面协议，就纠纷的法律适用做出了选择，应适用协议选择的法律C.如侵权行为发生后双方未选择纠纷适用的法律，应适用丙国法D.如侵权行为发生后双方未选择纠纷适用的法律，应适用中国法【正确答案】ABD【答案解析】《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第四十四条规定，侵权责任，适用侵权行为地法律，但当事人有共同经常居所地的，适用共同经常居所地法律。
2024年公共营养师-公共营养师(四级)考试历年真题摘选附带答案
2024年公共营养师-公共营养师（四级）考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点押密题库(共100题)1.(单项选择题)(每题1.00 分) 下列不属于运动四要素的是（）。
A. 运动频率B. 运动类型D. 运动速度2.(单项选择题)(每题1.00 分) 影响儿童少年第二性征发育的可能营养素是（）。
A. 钙B. 铁C. 锌D. 硒3.(判断题)(每题0.50 分) 社区营养教育中的单向交流的过程为：来源—信息—加工—渠道—解码—受者。
（）4.(单项选择题)(每题1.00 分) 缺乏可影响性成熟的营养素为（）。
A. 维生素CB. 锌C. 维生素DD. 铁5.(单项选择题)(每题0.50 分) 粮食和豆类混合食用，主要是考虑（）。
A. 增加食物中磷的吸收B. 蛋白质的拮抗作用C. 增加非必需氨基酸含量D. 蛋白质的互补作用6.(单项选择题)(每题1.00 分) 骨软化病的实验室检查结果不正确的是（）。
A. 血清碱性磷酸酶活性升高B. 高血钙C. 25-（OH）D3＜20nmol/mLD.低血磷7.(不定项选择题)(每题2.00 分) 案例描述：2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查中膳食调查采用了下列方法：第一，采用24h回顾法对全部膳食调查户2岁及以上家庭成员进行连续3天个人食物摄入量调查。
第二，用食物频率法收集15岁及以上调查对象过去1年内各种食物消费频率及消费量。
第三，对部分膳食调查户采用称重法，收集住户3天内详细的食物及调味品消费数据。
部分城市调查点膳食调查户采用称重法收集3天内住户的调味品消费量数据。
采用连续3天54h回顾法收集的个人食物摄入数据及称重法收集的家庭调味品消费量数据，对我国居民平均食物摄入量、营养素摄入量及膳食结构进行分析。
请回答下列问题：在进行家庭称重法数据统计时，计算人日数时在外就餐者是否需要计算在内（）。
A. 需要B. 不需要C. 两者都可以D. 视情况而定8.(不定项选择题)(每题1.00分)某科研机构在某社区进行肥胖人群调查，除了进行体重测量，还进行了上臂围和皮褶厚度的测量。
历年英语四级翻译真题及答案
2013年12月：段落翻译：试卷一：中餐【真题原文】很多人喜爱中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。
细心打算的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差异很大。
但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和养分（nutrition）。
由于食物对安康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间获得平衡，所以中餐既味美又安康。
【翻译答案】Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy.试卷二：信息技术【真题原文】信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速开展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。
一局部人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应当学习传统的课程。
历年英语专四听力真题、答案和原文
2000年专四听力答案PART I DICTATIONWhat W e Know About LanguageMany things about language are a mystery and will remain so. / However, we now do know something about it. / First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. / No human race anywhere on earth is so backward / that it has no language of its own at all. /Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. / There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, / but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. / In all the languages existing in the world today,/ there are complexities that must have been developed for years. / Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequate./ Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. /And finally, we know that language changes over time, / which is natural and normal if a language is to survive. / The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.PARTⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A CONVERSATIONSQuestions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation.M:Jill,have you registered with the next semester?W:Not yet, there's still something that I'm not sure. Do you know if Professor Smith's economics 102 is still available to all undergraduate students?M: No, I don't think so. Last semester I tried to register in that course but all the other people told me not to.W: Why not?M: They said that my lack of knowledge in higher mathematics might be an obstacle in understanding Professor Smith's theory.W: Really?M: (I ) Jack tqld me that Professor Smith usually uses lots of formulas inside class. So you'd better make sure that you are extremely familiar with these formulas if you are seriously considering taking his course.W:What a shame I (2)My friends all told me that Professor Smith has lots of original ideas and he really can stimulate students to think. But I don't think I have the mathematical skills to keep up with the others.M:lf you want to take the course so much, why don't you register in a course in higher mathematics first?W. But I'm afraid that I will miss Professor Smith's course when I finish the mathematics course.M: Hey, I heard that Professor Smith would give the same course in the semester that starts next fall. ( 3 ) Why don't you take a year's higher mathematics and register in economics 102 the next fall?W:That sounds a good idea.I. [ B] 推断题。
历年专四语法真题总结附答案
专四语法真题集I.独立主格结构1. Agriculture is the country‟s chief source of wealth, wheat ______ by far the biggest cereal crop.a. isb. beenc. bed. being TEM-4 20032. Time ______, the celebration will be held as scheduled.a. permitb. permittingc. permittedd. permits TEM-4 20033. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.a. to beb. to have beenc. beingd. be 20004. _____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom.a. There wasb. Sincec. Beingd. There being 19965. The country‟s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ______the most important of these.a. have beenb. arec. beingd. are being 1994Answers: d b c d cII. 定语从句1. Above the trees are the hills, _______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.a. whereb. of whosec. whosed. which 20032. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _____is something we had not expected.a. whichb. itc. thatd. what 20033. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _______ he was twenty years ago.a. whichb. thatc. whod. whom 20034. We‟ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, ______should make great differences in our life next summer.a. whichb. whatc. thatd. they 20025. Have you ever been in a situation _____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?a. by whichb. thatc. in whered. where 20026. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff _______is needed for quality control can be substantially reduced.a. whoseb. asc. whatd. that 20007. I‟ve never been to Lhasa, but that‟s the city _______.a. I‟d most like to visitb. which I like to visit mostlyc. where I like to visitd. I‟d like much to visit 19998. She remembered several occasions in the past ____she had experienced a similar feeling.a. whichb. beforec. thatd. when 19989. The physicist has made a discovery, _____of great importance to the progress of science and technology.a. I think which isb. that I think isc. which I think isd. I think that is 199710. I have never been to London, but that is the city_______.a. where I like to visit mostb. I‟d most like to visitc. which I like to visit mostlyd. where I‟d like most to visit 199711. This company has now introduced a policy _____pay rises are related to performance at work.a. whichb. wherec. whetherd. what 199612. Only take these clothes ______really necessary.a. as wereb. as they arec. as they wered. as are 199413. _____ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals.a. Thatb. Itc. Thisd. As 1994Answers:1-5: c a b a d 6-10: d a c c b 11-13: b b dIII. 状语从句让步状语从句1. _______I like economics I like sociology much better.a. As much asb. So muchc. How muchd. Much as 20032. Fool _______Jane is, she could not have done such a thing.a. whob. asc. thatd. like 20023. ______I sympathize, I can‟t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.a. as long asb. asc. whiled. even 20014. _____he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank.a. Much asb. Much thoughc. As muchd. Though much 19985. _____, he is ready to accept suggestions form different sources.a. Instead of his notable contributionsb. For all his notable contributionsc. His making notable contributionsd. However his notable contributions 1997 Answers:1-5: d b c a b结果状语从句1. -----Does Alan like limburgers?-----Y es. So much ______ that he eats thema. forb. asc. tod. so 20032. The brilliance of his satires was _____make even his victims laugh.a. so as tob. such as toc. so thatd. such that 1996Answers: d b方式状语从句1. She did her work _____her manager had instructed.a. asb. untilc. whend. though 2002Answers: a原因状语从句1. Mr. White works with a chemicals import and export company, but he _____for this industrial fair, since he is on leave.a. has workedb. worksc. has been workingd. is working 1998 Answers: d (此题选项主要是时态方面的，但能否做出正确选择取决于对since从句的判断)条件状语从句1. Y ou won‟t get a loan ______ you can offer some security.a. lestb. in casec. unlessd. other than 19962. _____ time, he‟ll make a first-class tennis player.a. Havingb. Givenc. Givingd. Had 19963. ___ _ I was very much mistaken, there was something wrong with Louise.a. Unlessb. Asc. Thoughd. Since 1995Answers:1-5: c b a (本人认为c 也可以，只是语义较勉强而已，if you are mistaken, you are wrong about something that you thought you knew or saw, )比较状语从句1. The experiment requires more money than _______.a. have been put inb. being put inc. has been put ind. to be put in 20022. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than ____ in the public mind today.a. existsb. existc. existingd. to exist 19993. he indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious than ______.a. is necessaryb. being necessaryc. to be necessaryd. it is necessary 1998 Answers: 1-3：c a c (提示：than = than what; 记住：than 后跟的是比较状语从句) IV．名词性从句同位语从句1. There is no doubt ______the company has made the right decision on the sales project.a. whyb. thatc. whetherd. when 2001Answer: b表语从句1. Intellect is to the mind _______sight is to the body.a. whatb. asc. thatd. like 20012. He is _____as a “bellyacher”— he‟s always complaining about something.a. who is knownb. whom is knownc. what is knownd. which is known 1999 Answer: a c宾语从句1. Who _______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?a. you saidb. did you sayc. did you say thatd. you did say 20032. After ____ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager‟s office.a. thatb. therec. whatd. it 19993. The team can handle whatever______.a. that needs handlingb. which needs handlingc. it needs handlingd. needs to be handled 19974. We can assign the task to ______ is capable and trustworthy.a. whomeverb. whoc. whomd. whoever 1994Answers:1-5: b c d dIV. 比较级和最高级1. Fat cannot change into muscle ______muscle changes into fat.a. any more thanb. no more thanc. no less thand. much more than 19992. It is not so much the language ______the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.a. butb. norc. asd. like 19993. John is______ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.a. no lessb. no morec. not lessd. no so 19984. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner_____ to the professor.a. as far asb. the same asc. as much asd. as long as 19985. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _____Eastern Nebraska.a. inb. it receives inc. doesd. it does in 19966. ______ the two, Bob is ______student.a. Of, more diligentb. In, more diligentc. Of, the more diligentd. In, much more diligent 19957. She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions, and thereby made them ______conspicuous.a. all the moreb. all the muchc. all mored. all much 1994Answers:1-5: a c a c c(倒装) 6-7: c aV. 虚拟语气1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _____for that.a. for us to be preparedb. that we are preparedc. of us to be preparedd. our being prepared 20032. _____for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.a. Had it not beenb. Hadn‟t it beenc. Was it notd. Were it not 20023. “What courses are you going to do next semester?”“I don‟t know. But it‟s about time ______on something.”a. I‟d decideb. I decidedc. I decided. I‟m deciding 20024. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ______quite such a crowd of people there.a. weren‟tb. hasn‟t beenc. hadn‟t beend. wouldn‟t be 20005. If you have really been studying English for so long, it‟s about time you _____able to write letters in English.a. should beb. werec. must bed. are 19996. If your car _____any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.a. shall needb. should needc. would needd. will need 19987. He left orders that nothing ______touched until the police arrived here.a. should beb. ought to bec. must bed. would be 19988. I was to have made a speech if______.a. I was not called awayb. nobody would have called me awayc. I had not been called awayd. nobody called me away 19979. I _____ the party much more if there hadn‟t been quite such a crowd of people there.a. would enjoyb. will have enjoyedc. would have enjoyedd. will be enjoying 199610. We could _____him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked fora small flat.a. provideb. have providedc. not provided. not have provided 199511. _____, he would not have recovered so quickly.a. Hadn‟t he been taken good care ofb. Had he not been taken good care ofc. Had not he been taken good care ofd. Had he been not taken good care of 199512. _____ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.a. Unlessb. But forc. Except ford. Not for 199413. It was recommended that passengers _____smoke during the flight.a. notb. need notc. could notd. would not 199414. ______you were busy, I wouldn‟t have bothered you with my questions.a. If I realizedb. Had I realizedc. I realized thatd. As I realized 1994 Answers:1-5: a a b c b 6-10: b a c c b 11-15: b b a bVI. 反意疑问句1. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ______?a. hadn‟t sheb. hasn‟t shec. wouldn‟t shed. didn‟t she 20032. Do help yourself to some fruit, ______you?a. can‟tb. don‟tc. wouldn‟td. won‟t 20003. When you have finished with that video tape, don‟t forget to put it in my drawer, ____?a. do youb. will youc. don‟t youd. won‟t you 19984. Y ou and I could hardly understand, ______?a. could Ib. couldn‟t youc. couldn‟t wed. could we 1995Answers:1-5: c d b dVII. 一致主谓一致1. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because ____ going to agree upon anything today.a. neither you nor I areb. neither you nor me isc. neither you nor I amd. neither me nor you are 2003Answer: cVIII. 时态现在完成进行1. Jack ______from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety.a. has been missingb. has been missedc. had been missingd. was missed 20032. For some time now, world leaders _____out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.a. had been pointingb. have been pointingc. were pointingd. pointed 2002 Answer: a b现在进行1. How can I ever concentrate if you _____continually _____me with silly questions?a. have…interruptedb. had…interruptedc. are…interruptingd. were…interrupting 1997 Answers: cIX. 插入语1. Who _______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?a. you saidb. did you sayc. did you say thatd. you did say 2003 Answer: b (这道题的a 选项会让考生想到插入语；其实不是，这是对宾语从句中的主语提问；做题技巧是把问句还原成陈述句后再来处理)X. 副词1. She managed to save _______she could out of her wages to help her brother.a. how little moneyb. so little moneyc. such little moneyd. what little money 20022. His strong sense of humor was _______make everyone in the room burst out laughing.a. so as tob. such as toc. so thatd. such that 19983. I felt that I was not yet _______to travel abroad.a. too strongb. strong enoughc. so strong d enough strong 1997Answers：1：d (虽然答案与副词无关，但排除前三个选项需要相关的副词how 和so 的用法知识) 2: b (类似前一题)3：bⅪ. 不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词1. AIDS is said ______the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region.a. beingb. to bec. to have beend. having been 20022. _______is not a serious disadvantage in life.a. To be not tallb. Not to be tallc. Being not talld. Not being tall 20013. _______him tomorrow?a. Why not to call onb. Why don‟t call onc. Why not calling ond. Why not call on 20014. _______at in this way, the present economic situation doesn‟t seem so gloomy.a. Lookingb. Lookedc. Having lookedd. To look 20005. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _______left untreated.a. afterb. ifc. sinced. unless 20006. Professor Johnson is said _______some significant advance in his research in the past year.a. having madeb. makingc. to have maded. to make 19997. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, ______by the police each time.a. had been capturedb. being always capturedc. only to be capturedd. unfortunately captured 19998. The Clarks haven‟t decided yet which hotel_______.a. to stayb. is to stayc. to stay atd. is for staying 19989. ______, he can now only watch it on TV at home.a. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchb. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchc. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchd. Not obtained a ticket for the match 199810. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.a. Givingb. To givec. Givend. Being given 199811. He wasn‟t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ______insufficiently poplar with all members.a. having consideredb. was consideredc. was being consideredd. being considered 199612. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals ____ in Africa.a. huntedb. huntingc. that huntedd. are hunted 199613. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid______.a. from being beatenb. being beatenc. beatingd. to be beaten 199614. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder______ out and three men climbing down it.a. throwingb. being thrownc. having thrownd. having been thrown 199515. He resented ______to wait. He expected the minister ______ him at once.a. to be asked, to seeb. being asked, to seec. to be asked, seeingd. being asked, seeing 199516. This missile is designed so that once _____nothing can be done to retrieve it.a. firedb. being firedc. they firedd. having fired 199517. Arriving at the bus stop, _____waiting there.a. a lot of people wereb. he found a lot of peoplec. a lot of peopled. people were found 199418. _____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first.a. Not receivedb. Since receivingc. Having receivedd. Not having received 1994 Answers：1-5: c d d b b 6-10: c c c c c 11-15: d a b d b 16-18: a b dXII.代词1. Y our ideas, _______, seem unusual to me.a. like herb. like hersc. similar to herd. similar to herself 20032. ______of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.a. Noneb. Bothc. Neitherd. All 20023. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and_____ he was warmly received.a. as suchb. such asc. as thatd. so that 1997 Answers: b c aXIII. 平行结构1. Even as a girl, _____to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.a. performing by Melissa wereb. it was known that Melissa‟s performances werec. knowing that Melissa‟s performances wered. Melissa knew that performing was 2001Answer: dⅩⅣ. 情态动词1. Y ou _____Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.a. needn…t have toldb. needn‟t tellc. mustn‟t have toldd. mustn‟t tell 20002. He ______unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.a. may have actedb. must have actedc. should actd. would act 19993. Much as______, I coul dn‟t lend him the money because I simply didn‟t have that much spare cash.a. I would have liked tob. I would like to havec. I should have to liked. I should have liked to 19994. Y ou ______Mark anything. It was none of his business.a. needn‟t have toldb. needn‟t tellc. mustn‟t have toldd. mustn‟t tell 19985. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____so formally.a. need not have dressed upb. must not have dressed upc. did not need to dress upd. must not dress up 19966. The meeting‟s been cancelled. Ann _____ all that work.a. need to dob. need havec. needn‟t have doned. needed not to do 19957. “She must be in the dormitory now.”“No, she ____ be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago.”a. mustn‟tb. can‟tc. couldn‟td. wouldn‟t 19948. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn‟t leave home till 8:25.a. couldn‟t have caughtb. ought to have caughtc. shouldn‟t have caughtd. must not have caught 1994Answer:1-5: a a a a a 6-10: c b a (must 表推测只用于肯定句中，否定用can/could not)ⅩⅤ. It 的用法1. Come and see me whenever ______.a. you are convenientb. you will be convenientc. it is convenient to youd. it will be convenient to you 1997Answer: c (也可认为是对convenient 一词用法的考查)ⅩⅥ. 冠词1. The idea of traveling through _____ space to other planets interests many people today.a. ab. thec. /d. one 19952. ___human problems that repeat themselves in __ life repeat themselves in ___ literature.a. /, /, theb. /, the, /c. The ,/ ,/d. The, the, the 1994Answers: c cⅩⅦ. 省略/替代动词1. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people _____.a. dob. hearc. do themd. hearing it 20002. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ______. 2000a. drought in othersb. droughts are othersc. while other droughtsd. others in drought Answer: a aⅩⅧ. 强调句型1. It was not until midnight _______the snowcapped peak.a. that they sightedb. that they did not sightc. did they sightd. had they sighted 1995 Answer: a (这道题其实也是对倒装的考查)ⅩⅨ. 倒装1. He is not under arrest, ______any restriction on him.a. or the police have placedb. or have the police placedc. nor the police have placedd. nor have the police placed 19952. So badly ______ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months.a. did he injureb. injured him c was he injured d. he was injured 1994 Answers: d c2009-2011真题、情态动词：53. She （）fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. (2009)A. had beenB. must beC. has beenD. must have been61. Aren’t you tired? I（）you had done enough for today.（2009）A. should have doneB. must have doneC .might have doneD .could have done52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She（）by bus. (2010)A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone答案：DAA二、非谓语动词51. What a nice day! How about the three of us （）a walk in the park nearby? （2009）A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking65. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT（）（2009）A. the man who has prepared the documents...B. the man who has been preparing the documents...C. the man who is preparing the documents...D. the man who will prepare the documents...66.（）should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.(2010)A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall55．In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the-ING participle is used（）（2011）A. as a commandB. as a conditionC. for concessionD. for emphasis答案：CDDD三、倍数55. A new laptop costs about（）of a second-hand one. (2009)A. the price of three timesB. three times the priceC. as much as the three times priceD. three times more than the price56. Which of the following italicized phrased is INCORRECT? （）(2011)A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.答案：BB四、虚拟语气52. If there were no subjunctive mood, English（）much easier to learn.（2009）A. could have beenB. would 'beC. will beD. would have been60. It is necessary that he （）the assignment without delay.（2010）A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in61. Its getting late. I’d rather you （）now. (2011)A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave答案：DAA五、反义疑问句．57. She seldom goes to the theatre, （）? (2010)A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't sheKey: 本句中含有否定含义的副词seldom，故反意时用肯定形式does she。
英语专四历年真题及答案(1996-2011)
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)1. According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could beA. presents.B. fruitsC. sauceD. meat2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCECTA. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots3. Why did Helen come to Rob’s house?A. She wanted to talk to Bob.B. She had come to help Bob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organize language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10. We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.11. According to today’s weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountain.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 2014. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody’s access to technological advances. The main reason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17. What could be topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.18. People in Latin America wear something ______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year’s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one’s own New Year’s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 to 22 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about ______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 to 24 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 to 26 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 to 30 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART 3 CLOZE 15 MINEveryone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) _____ not be possible t o pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) _____ the workers in government offices who (33) ____ _ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) _____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) _____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36) ___ __ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation sho uld be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) _____, which is called income tax, (39) _____. It is arranged in such (40 )______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ____ as the taxpayer's incom e grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)______ as high as ninety-five per cen t! (43) _____ countries with taxation nearly (44) _____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into t he country have to pay taxes or “duties.” Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things i n the shops (45)______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47 ) _____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48 ) ____ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)___ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less mone y is obtained but the tax is (50) ______ as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high f or the rich, is the best arrangement.PART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MINThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Tw o.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny ________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)? ______.A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)? ______.A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week.C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT? ______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A.Let me drive you home, shall I?B.You will mind your own business!e and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind. ‘63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. ____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC.AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means _________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means ________.A. I was unable to doC. I was unable to stopB. I couldn’t understandD. I couldn’t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC.did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother‟s promise. The underlined part means _________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. street77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ___ ______.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION 25 MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four sug gested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-ma il, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great spee ch.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, enterta ining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voi ce has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met inCopenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firm er action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to peop le's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to preparethe troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, a ccurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way.（流行病）announced, the idea of “swine flu” many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization offic ials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful i n the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话） before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hardto perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? _____A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT ______.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on ______“great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage? ______.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He want ed to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were l istening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is r inging. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones w ith two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perf ected a prototype, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen t o music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get thebusiness off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a（抵押贷款） on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? Welose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the rightwoman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won' t ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company s o upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling the m in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take hom e a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn’t sell, but we were dealing with huge num bers. It’d kill us to take back all the productsAlden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores andtripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren’tgadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you ha d an iPod ---that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you’re just like everyone else. Headphones o ccupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the compan y is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem? ______.A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores? ______.A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. Ilaughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with abrilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings weregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish Icould say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered atTaj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could haveyour money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it,would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stoo d. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I’d been walking around like what the Buddhists c all a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn’t satisfy me, because I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money ba ck, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, andthey didn’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability beingripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I’d started to get complacent. It’s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy（萎缩）. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”Theseweren’tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone’s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95. What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion f lowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your jo b is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can’t change your behaviour by simply resolving to do so mething. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a muscle, which ti res easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you‟ll probably do so, too. The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, weknow that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is notsimple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behaviour, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed byhabit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don‟t try to ignore your afternoon snackcraving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulatethe neural（神经系统的）networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine yourown unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devisestrategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, including your relat ionship with yourself. You're trying to arouse certain responses by implanting certain cues.This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formedby mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness. If you think you can cha nge your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshener, you're probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don’t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some l arger global belief.96. Which of the following is a key element in the 19th-century character model?A. Passion.B. Action.C. Capability.D. Determination.97. The 19th-century model supposedly does not work because ______.A. there were many other factors beyond one's control.B. it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the time.C. the comparison of free will to a dam is groundless.D. what one wishes to do should be considered carefully.98. What is the main implication of the research at Duke University?A. Habit is key to one's behaviour.B. One's behaviour is difficult to change.C. Both habit and will power are important.D. Habit has an unidentified structure.。
历年法语四级听写原文答案
2005 年答案第一部分:听写Ceux qui ont faimOn parle de la faim dans les contes d’autrefois. On raconte par exemple que le pèr e du Petit Poucet a ét éobligéde perdre ses enfants dans la forêt car il n’avait plus rien à leur donner à manger. Je pensais que ce n’ét ait qu’une histoire. D’ailleurs, le Petit Poucet s’ét ait arrangépour revenir à la maison et tout s’ét ait très bien terminé.J’ai changéd’avis quand j’ai appris que c’ét ait encore vrai aujourd’hui dans plusieurs pays. L’Indien se nourrit de quelques bols de riz. Dans certaines rég ions d’A frique ou d’A mér ique du Sud, ce n’est pas beaucoup mieux, il n’y a pas assez de viande, pas assez de lait. Il faut se contenter de très peu pour survivre. Les enfants manquent de vitamine et se dév eloppent mal. Ce problèm e est grave, mais si les hommes se mettent à y réf léc hir, ils pourront le rés oudre.La Vieille Dame Sauvée Par Le Chien ErrantUne vieille dame avait rencontréun chien. Affamé,il l’avait suivie jusque chez elle mais n’avait pas pu entrer. Un règ lement d’immeuble interdit la possession de tout animal. Mais elle lui donna un bon morceau de viande. Le lendemain et (tous) les jours qui suivirent, la vieille dame s’en alla rencontrer le chien à l’endroit ou elle l’avait vu la premièr e fois pour lui dire qu’elle l’aimait et lui donner une pleine gamelle. Mais, un jour, la vieille dame ne va pas. Alors, le chien courut jusqu’à la demeure de son amie et se mit à aboyer. Les voisins lui lancèr ent des pierres. Le chien resta et continua à aboyer jusqu’à ce qu’un voisin plus humain monte à l’appartement. Il déf onça l’entrée et trouva la vieille dame inanimée. Elle ét ait mal tombée au moment de sortir pour aller nourrir son ami. Et elle serait morte si le chien n’avait donnél’alerte.Les Vacances de LouiseLouise est une petite fille de dix ans. L’année dernièr e, elle est allée envacances au bord de la mer pour la premièr e fois. Voici ce que Louise nous raconte: J’habite à la campagne, alors pour moi, c’ét ait un év én ement . Nous sommespartis, mes parents et moi, to t le matin et nous sommes arrivés tard le soir à Marseille. J’ai dit à ma mèr e: « Je veux voir la plage tout de suite. »Ma mèr e a rép ondu: « Ce n’est pas possible pour ce soir. Va dormir. »Alors j’ai attendu jusqu’à minuit et je suis sortie tout doucement de la maison.Je me suis dirigée vers les bateaux. Quand je suis arrivée sur la plage, j’ai vu la mer qui brillait au clair de la lune. C’ét ait magnifique. Je suis revenue très heureuse et je suis rentrée sans bruit dans ma chambre. Cette soirée est l’un de mes meilleurs souvenirs de vacances.La fée des eauxAutrefois, Antonio vivait seul au bord du fleuve et cultivait avec soin un champde pastèq ues. Quand les pastèq ues ét aient mu res, il allait les vendre au marché.Ce matin, comme tous les matins, Antonio va cueillir les fruits mu rs, mais il ne trouve pas une seule pastèq ue bonne à vendre! Est-ce possible? Quelqu’un est su rement passéavant lui ! Il cherche des traces de pas sur la terre humide, mais il ne voit rien! Il déc ide alors de surveiller son champ nuit et jour. Malheureusement, il finit toujours par s’endormir et le voleur profite de son sommeil. Mais une nuit: il voit paraît re au clair de la lune une jeune et très belle femme aux longs cheveux verts, aux grands yeux couleur d’eau profonde.D’ou vient-elle? Du fleuve, semble-t-il...Le Pèr e NoëlTous les ans, le Pèr e Noël se disait cela et tous les ans, il fél icitait ses lutinspour leur superbe ouvrage.Chaque année, il voulait que Noël soit le plus beau de tous les Noël s, ce quidonnait beaucoup de travail à ses petits amis. Mais le Pèr e Noël avait de quoi être fier. Les poupée s ét aient toutes plus magnifiques les unes que les autres: il y en avait qui parlaient, d’autres qui marchaient et mêm e certaines savaient danser. Les motos pét aradaient, les tambours rés onnaient superbement, les trains sifflaient...Plus que le Pèr e Noël, c’ét aient les gentils lutins qui se réj ouissaient que le 25 déc embre arrive, car, pour eux, c’ét ait le déb ut des vacances. Ils n’attendaient plus que l’ordre du Pèr e Noël pour charger les colis, ensuite à eux le soleil, le sable chaud et les coquillages.Un SDF belge devient PDGIl y a quatre ans, il ét ait sans-abri. Aujourd’hui, il est àla têt e d’une entreprise employant 39 personnes et espèr e s’implanter aux Etat-Unis, en Grande Bretagne, en Afrique et mêm e en Asie. Pour ce cho meur chanceux qui n’a pas voulu rév él er son identité, l’aventure a déb utéle 19 novembre 1991. A l’âge de 31 ans, il devient ouvrier-plombier, alors qu’il ne connaissait rien à la plomberie. Après une rép aration à domicile, un vieil homme, chimiste à ses heures, lui propose de se laver les mains avec un produit de sa composition. Le produit est tellement efficace que l’ancien SDF déc ide de le commercialiser déb ut 1993. les revues spéc ialisée s n’hés itent pas à parler de rév olution dans le monde du dét ergent...Aujourd’hui, l’entreprise compte parmi ses clients la premièr e compagnie belge d’aviation, de grande firme automobile et de nettoyage.La Fêt e de la MusiqueLe 21 juin, c’est la Fêt e de la Musique ! Beaucoup de gens vont dans les rues pour partager leur passion et faire bouger la ville au rythme de leur musique. Cette fêt e a lieu partout en France, en Europe, du soir au lendemain matin. C’est une fêt e populaire.Sous le slogan Fêt e de la Musique !, la fêt e encourage les musiciens amateurs à se produire gratuitement dans les rues et d’autres espaces publics. Elle permet ainsi un public large d’entrer en contact direct avec des musiques de toutes sortes, chantée s dans toutes les langues. Alors, qu’attendez-vous pour vous joindre à eux ?2012 年专四真题答案第一部分:听写Les villes françaisesQuarante millions de français vivent en ville. Un cinquièm e de cette population vit dans la rég ion parisienne. Les villes françaises prés entent une grande homogén éi téde paysage. Le centre est gén ér alement la partie la plus ancienne de la ville. Il se transforme depuis quelques année s en créa nt des espaces verts et les habitants reprennent gou t à la ville. Ils reviennent y habiter.Tout autour du centre se trouvent souvent des quartiers bourgeois avec des maisons qui datent du déb ut du vingtièm e sièc le. Ensuite viennent les banlieues: D'abord la proche banlieue, puis la grande banlieue avec de grands immeubles uniformes à loyer modér é.Dans certaines villes, les architectes commencent à construire des ensembles à caractèr e plus humain. La qualitéde vie semble plus respectée. On crée des éq uipements collectifs, des espaces verts et des lieux sociaux plus vivants.La Chine va-t-elle gagner le combat contre la pollution ?Après deux semaines d’observation scientifique, plus personne ne le conteste, lenuage qui enveloppe la capitale chinoise depuis le déb ut de l’année 2013 est bien un nuage de pollution atmosphér ique.D’ou vient ce nuage ? De l’utilisation massive du charbon pour sa production él ectrique, et des gaz d’éc happement des véh icules. Car les voitures, la ville de Pék in en compte 800,000de plus chaque année, et 5,000,000 circulent en ville chaque jour.Pék in a annoncédes mesures d’urgence pour sortir de cette pollution. Outre les mesures concernant les fermetures temporaires d’usines et la réd uction des ém issions de charbon, certains véh icules vont êt re interdits de circulation tant que la pollution restera dans des niveaux inacceptables. Par ailleurs des autoroutes du nord du pays ont aussi ét écoupée s.Partie I : Dictée (10 points)1 mai : Fêt e du travailLa Fêt e du travail est cél éb rée le 1 mai dans de nombreux pays du monde et est l’occasion d’importantes manifestations du mouvement ouvrier. Elle est parfois associée à d’autres fêt es ou traditions populaires.Cette journée est appelée aussi la fêt e du muguet, cette plante a toujours symboliséle printemps. Le 1 mai 1561, le roi Charles IX a rendu les choses officielles : ayant reçu à cette date un brin de muguet comme porte-bonheur, il a déc idéd’en offrir chaque année aux dames de la cour. La tradition ét ait née.La fleur est aussi celle des rencontres amoureuses. Longtemps, des bals du muguet ont ét éorganisés en Europe. Ce jour-là, les jeunes filles s’habillaient de blanc et les garçons déc oraient leurs costumes d’un brin de muguet.。
历年法律四级真题及答案
历年法律四级真题及答案简介本文档旨在提供历年法律四级考试的真题及答案，帮助考生备考。
以下是一些常见的考题及简要答案。
题目一：司法解释分为几种类型？请简要说明每种类型的概念及特点。
答案一：司法解释分为三种类型：裁判、解释和指导性案例。
其中，裁判性解释由最高法院发布，用于解释法律具体适用的问题；解释性规定由最高法院、最高人民检察院、公安部等发布，用于解释法律条文的含义和适用情况；指导性案例由各级法院发布，用于指导司法实践和裁判活动。
题目二：《合同法》对合同的各种要素有哪些规定？答案二：根据《合同法》的规定，合同的各种要素包括：合同当事人、合同标的、合同内容、合同形式、合同效力、合同变更和解除等。
其中，合同当事人指合同的缔约方；合同标的指合同的对象或内容；合同内容指合同约定的权利和义务；合同形式指合同的书面或口头表达形式；合同效力指合同的具体法律效果；合同变更和解除指合同在履行过程中的修改或终止。
题目三：著作权法对作品的保护范围有哪些规定？答案三：根据著作权法的规定，作品的保护范围主要包括以下几个方面：文字作品、口述作品、音乐作品、戏剧作品、曲艺作品、舞蹈作品、艺术作品、摄影作品、电影作品、电视节目作品、图形、标志以及计算机软件等。
著作权法保护的作品形式多样，涵盖了各个艺术领域和媒体形式。
题目四：简述环境保护法对各类污染的规定。
答案四：根据环境保护法的规定，环境保护法对各类污染都有明确的规定。
其中，对大气污染，环境保护法规定了大气污染物的排放标准和限值要求；对水污染，环境保护法规定了水污染的防治措施和责任分配；对土壤污染，环境保护法规定了土壤调查、风险评估和污染治理等要求；对噪声污染，环境保护法规定了噪声的标准和管控措施；对固体废物、危险废物等污染，环境保护法也有相应的规定和管理要求。
以上是关于历年法律四级真题及答案的简要介绍。
希望对考生备考有所帮助。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
初级会计电算化历年真题四
一、单选题。
1.在资源管理器中删除文件的操作，错误的是选中文件后( )。
A.在“编辑”菜单中选“删除”命令
B.按Delete键
C.单击右键，选“删除”命令
D.在文件菜单中选：删除“命令【答案】A
2.机器语言是( )。
A.源程序B.用符号代替的高级语言C.CUP能接受的基本指令D.接近自然语言的计算机命令案】C
3.下列关于计算机病毒的说法中，正确的是( )。
A.计算机病毒通常是一段可运行的程序
B.反病毒软件可清除所有病毒
C.加装防病毒下的微机不会感染病毒
D.病毒不会通过网络传染【答案】A
4.在Windows98中，如果删除了软盘上的文件，则该文件在Windows98中( )。
A.不可恢复
B.可以在“回收站”中找到
C.可以恢复
D.可以在“我的公文包”中找到【答案】A
5.下列软件中不属于系统软件的是( )。
A.Windows98 B.Visnal Foxpro C.UC DOS D.Wps97 【答案】D
6.应用软件在计算机普及中起重要作用，下列( )都属于应用软件。
A.Wps DOS Lotns1-2-3
B.Windows Word Excel
C.UNIX Autocad poewpoint
D.Word Lotus1-2-3 Autocad 【答案】D
7.编译软件属于( )。
A.数据库管理系统 B.工具软件 C.系统软件 D.应用软件【答案】C
8.计算机病毒最大的危害是( )。
A.计算机病毒具有传染性
B.计算机病毒会传染给人类
C.计算机病毒具有破坏性
D.计算机病毒具有传染性和破坏性案】D
9.系统软件与应用软件的相互关系是( )。
【答案】D
A.前者以后者为基础
B.每一类都以另一类为基础
C.每一类都以另一类为前提
D.后者以前者为基础
10.会计电算化后，会计岗位包括( )。
A.电算主管，软件操作，审核记帐，电算维护，数据分析
B.会计主管，出纳、工资核算员、成本核算员、现金管理员
C.基本会计岗位和电算化会计岗位
D.专职会计岗位和电算化会计岗位【答案】D
11.( )负责单位的财务管理工作。
A.总会计师 B.会计师 C.注册会计师 D.会计 【答案】D
12.( )负责会计程序的维护，必须精通计算机程序设计和会计业务，熟悉系统并有一定的软件开发经验。
A. 硬件维护员
B.软件维护员
C. 系统管理员
D.系统审核员【答案】B
13.( )具体负责电算化系统的日常运行管理和监督进行系统重要数据的维护,操作人员及其权限管理,负责系统安全保密工作。
A,系统维护员 B.系统操作员 C.系统管理员 D.系统审核员【答案】C
14.( )负责数据软盘、系统软盘及各类账表、凭证的存档保管工作。
A.电算主管
B.软件操作员
C.审核记账员
D.档案保管员【答案】D
15.［编辑］菜单中的［复制］、［剪切］命令和( )命令配对使用，才能完成文件或文件夹的移动或复制。
A.打开
B.移动
C.拷贝
D.粘贴【答案】D
16.现金日记账和银行存款日记账要每( )登记并打印输出，做到日清月结。
A. 日 B.
旬C. 月 D. 周【答案】A
17.小写字母状态下想要输入大写状态，可配合( )键实现。
A. SHIFT
B. CTRL
C. ALT
D. ESC【答案】
18.选定相应的单元格区域，在状态栏上可以察看到该单元格区域中的( A. 注释B. 引用
C. 数值之和
D. 行列标志C
19.一般把软件分成两大类( )。
A. 字处理软件和数据库管理软件
B. 操作系统和数据库管理软件
C. 程序和数据
D. 系统软件和应用软件【答案】D
20.在电算化会计信息系统中，对凭证审核的方式一般有( )种。
A. 静态审核
B. 动态审核
C. 屏幕审核
D. 二次录入【答案】B
二、多选题。
1.在Word97中，关于间距的正确说法是（）。
A、通过“段落”命令调整“字符间距”
B、通过“段落”命令调整“行间距”
C、通过“段落”命令调整“段落前后间距”
D、通过“字体”命令调整“字符间距”【答案】BCD
2.会计电算化的工作岗位可分为()。
A.基本会计岗位
B.电算化会计岗位
C.系统开发岗位
D.审计岗位【答案】AB
3.在整理手工会计业务时，重新核对各类凭证和账簿，要求做到()相符。
A.账证
B.账账
C.账实
D.证实【答案】ABC
4.辅助核算项目设置的内容主要包括()。
A.往来单位核算
B.部门核算
C.设备核算
D.项目核算【答案】ABD
5凭证录入时的控制性措施主要包括()几个方面。
A.凭证类别和编号
B.凭证金额
C.制单日期
D.会计科目【答案】ABCD
6.商品化会计软件一般包括()基本功能模块
A.总账
B.工资软件
C.应收账款
D.应付账款【答案】ACD
7.成本核算的初始化主要过程包括()
A.部门设置
B.产品目录代码
C.输入期初在产品成本
D.定额资料【答案】BCD
8.固定资产的自动编码有()等形式。
A.部门编码+类别编码+序号
B.部门编码+固定资产编号
C.类别编码+序号
D.部门编码+序号【答案】ACD
9.辅助核算科目主要包括()科目。
A.项目辅助
B.部门辅助
C.现金辅助
D.银行存款辅助【答案】AB
10.内部存储器和外部存储器相比有()特点。
A.容量小B.速度快 C.容量大 D.速度慢【答案】AB
三、判断题。
1.《信息交换用汉字编码字符集基本集》中的汉字根据其使用频率分为两级。
√
2.国际码是把区位码中的区码和位码变为十六进制后，再分别加上20H 而形成的。
√
3.汉字输出码也被称为汉字字形码。
√
4.在计算机总账系统中，属于银行对账的科目在科目设置时，应将其科目性质定义为“银行账”辅助账√
5.Windows 2000 是一个32 位的操作系统。
√
6.银行对账后，自动生成“银行存款余额调节表”。
√
7.在会计软件中，对数据查询功能有统一的格式和内容要求，必须符合国家统一会计制度。
×
8.在手工会计核算中，需要根据企业规模、会计业务繁简程度，选择不同的账务处理程序，而实现会计电算化后，则不存在此问题。
√9.会计主管可以兼任电算化主管。
√
10.会计科目编码采取科目编码全方案，即“本级科目全编码=上一级科目编码+本级科目编码”。
×。