新托福口语考试全面辅导(四)
【必备资料】托福TPO4口语Task4题目文本及答案解析
【必备资料】托福TPO4口语Task4题目文本及答案解析在托福口语备考中，想要快速提升自己的托福口语能力，除了不断的累积自己的词汇和句型之外，从TPO练习入手也不失为一个不错的方法。
那么，在以下内容我们就为大家带来托福口语TPO的题目和答案解析。
托福TPO4口语task4题目 Reading Part:Nonverbal LanguagesNonverbal language refers to human emotional expressions without involvingverbal statements. Facial expressions and body moments are the two mostlyattributed types of nonverbal languages. It is generally believed that nonverballanguages function as the enhancement of emotional expressions when they consistwith verbal languages.Under the circumstances that nonverbal languages and verbal languagescontradict in the contents they express, nonverbal languages are more likely torelease people’s true emotions.托福TPO4口语task4题目 Listening Part:Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a psychology course.Professor (male) Last month, my favorite uncle paid me a surprise visit. Ihadn’t seen him in many years. The door bell rang, I opened the door and therewas uncle Pete. Now, I am sure when I saw him I said something like, “UnclePete, what a surprise! How nice to see you.” Anyway, my wife was standing nextto me, and according to her, I wasn’t really aware of this, my eyes got really wide and I broke into a huge big smile, she said I was really jumping up anddown like a little boy. Well, anyway, later that evening uncle Pete told me how very good he felt when he saw how happy I was to see him.But compared that with this: my daughter, she’s six, we were building a bird house together last week, and I was showing her how to use a hammer and a nail. And, of course, stupid me, I wasn ’t being very careful when I smashed my thumb with the hammer. Boy, it hurt! I almost felt like screaming, but I didn’t wantto upset my daughter, so I said, “Don’t worry, honey. It’s nothing.” Meanwhile, I was shaking my hand as if that would stop my thumb from hurting and my facewas contorted in pain.My voice was trembling, too. So, even though I told my daughter I was OK, Iam sure she didn’t believe me, because she kept asking me if I was OK.托福TPO4口语task4题目 Question:Explain how the examples from the professor’s lecture illustrate therelationship between verbal and nonverbal communication.托福TPO4口语task4答案解析：1. Reading key(1.1) Main idea: relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication (1.1.1) Agree with one another: enhance and support each other(1.1.2) Conflict with one another: nonverbal is more accurate2. Listening key(2.1) Example 1:(2.1.1) Uncle visits(2.1.2) Verbal: so happy to see you!(2.1.3) Nonverbal: jumping up and down, huge big smile, eyes got really wideNonverbal signals enhance verbal message(2.2) Example 2:(2.2.1) Teaches daughter how to use a hummer and nail(2.2.2) Verbal: it’s fine, it’s alright(2.2.3) Nonverbal: shakes hand, face full of pain(2.2.4) Nonverbal signals are telling the truth托福TPO4口语task4范文：In the lecture, the professor talks about the relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication. The first example is that his uncle Pete gave him a surprise visit. His eyes got wide, he broke into a huge big smile, and he was jumping up and down like a little boy. His expression enhanced how happy he was to see Uncle Pete. The second example is he hurt his thumb when teaching his daughter how to work with a hammer. Even though he kept saying he’s fine, he was shaking his hand and his face was twisted in pain. Those expressions told his daughter the truth: he was really in a lot of pain.本文部分信息来源于新东方在线。
托福口语Task4分析解析
Instructions:
Question
4, You will now read a short passage and then listen to a talk on the same academic topic. You will then be asked a question about them. After you hear the question, you will have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.
Reading
The
reading passage explains a definition of_______. It means/states that______.
Listening
In
the lecture, the professor gives an/two examples to further illustrate it.
Only
in very rare cases, people would express their reluctance to play current social roles directly. Normally, they would still keep playing the roles bestowed by their surrounding environments on one hand, but on the other hand, they would release some emotional clues that imply their unwillingness to accept the roles.
托福口语TASK4实用技巧与模版
三立教育托福口语TASK4实用技巧与模版托福口语TASK 4是托福综合口语部分的第二道题，包含阅读和听力材料，相比于校园场景的TASK3，更偏学术范畴。
为了帮助大家更好的备考这一题型，小站君为各位分享一个简要版托福口语TASK 4的模版和一些实用技巧，希望对大家托福口语提分有帮助。
简要版托福口语第四题模板：In the lecture， the professor mainly talked about the theory that____________________.To reinforce the theory， the professor gave two examples / reasons in his speech. The first one is that____________________. The other one is that____________________.And that’s the two examples / reasons the speaker presented to explain his/her idea. (The conclusion is optional. )托福口语第四题技巧考察ablity of combining the main information of the reading with that of what you heared.考察方式就是阅读一篇短文。
用文中的主要观点勾勒出文章的梗概，使用梗概对短文。
托福口语第四题技巧1.Task4并不要求你发表自己的观点，而且也不要求你必须具备听力或者阅读材料中所涉及的相关学术领域的专业知识，只需要合理地结合两部分给出的信息，然后依据这些信息进行充分有效地回答!2.审题技巧：带着一个“概念是什么，现象是什么”的问题用35秒看完短文，然后用10S的时间，用2句话总结出短文所介绍的概念或现象(尽量用短文中的词汇)。
新托福考试(toefl)完美复习计划(时间安排+单项指导)清晰整理,综
新托福考试(toefl)完美复习计划(时间安排+单项指导)。
清晰整理,word综 ...新托福考试是许多学生想要考取留学资格的必备考试之一。
为了帮助大家制定高效的复习计划，以下为大家提供一个完美的托福复习计划，包括时间安排和单项指导，希望对大家有所帮助。
时间安排：一个完整的托福复习计划应该包含5-6周时间的准备，主要分为以下几个阶段：第一周：熟悉托福考试的基本内容和做题技巧，了解阅读、听力、口语、写作四项基本内容，明确自己的强项和弱点，制定学习计划。
第二周：以阅读为重点，并练习一些写作题目，积极扩充词汇量、熟悉题型，同时可结合外刊、新闻等阅读材料辅助练习。
第三周：重点练习听力和口语，以模拟考试为主要训练手段，也可结合影片、美剧等听力素材，丰富听力训练内容。
第四周：为阅读、听力、口语单项的进一步提高留出时间，同时增加写作练习的难度和数量，练习托福独立写作、综合写作等题目，并关注写作评分标准。
第五周：集中时间对真题进行综合训练，做托福考试官方练习题，模拟一次考试的流程，查漏补缺，为最终考试做准备。
第六周：为延续良好状态留出时间，保持做题的习惯，还可以选择做一些真题复习和备考冲刺。
单项指导：阅读：1. 了解题型和策略：托福阅读文本题目有多种类型，例如主旨题、细节题、推断题等。
了解不同题型的答题策略，可以更加高效地做题。
2. 词汇量的积累：托福阅读中所涉及到的词汇量较大，考生需要在平时的学习中积极了解课本所学、背诵单词、扩充句型等方式进行词汇积累。
3. 练习解读文章：平时要多读英文书籍，通过阅读来训练自己解读文章的能力，这对于托福阅读是很有帮助的。
听力：1. 听力技巧和词汇量：先要掌握听力技巧和有效的听力策略，同时也要积极增加自己的词汇量和语感，这样才能更好地理解听力材料。
2. 练习听力模拟题：要多做托福听力模拟题，这样可以有助于熟悉托福听力题型、了解美国口音和发音，培养听力能力。
3. 多听多模仿：多听美语，模仿美音发音和表达方式，这对于提高听力水平是非常有帮助的。
托福口语答题辅导—OG(1-3套)
托福口语答题辅导—OG(1-3套)智课出品TOEFL Speaking Question 1答题辅导（外教润色）OG1Choose a place you go to often that is important to you and explain why it is important. Please include specific details in your explanation.2、Possible Viewpoints：(1)If it is a place where you relax yourself, you may say "the picturesque view of that place calms me down when I'm under too much pressure, it helps me refresh my mind and go back to my daily routine as a better self".(2)If it is a place that reminds you of certain memories, you may say "this is the place where I proposed to my girlfriend, to some extent it is where our romance begins".OG2What kind of reading material, such as novels, magazines, or poetry, do you most like to read in your free time? Explain why you find this kind of reading material interesting.2、Possible Viewpoints：(1)novel1)The plots are very attractive, it draws my attention and makes me forget the tiredness and pressure2)Reading novels makes me feel as if I were experiencing a different life(2)magazine1) It includes all kinds of stuff ranging from news to latest fashion2）The articles are short in magazines which makes it easier to grasp various ideas and enrich my knowledgeOG3What characteristics do you think make someone a good parent? Explain why these characteristics are important to you.2、Possible Viewpoints：(1)patience1)children learn things by making mistakes, parents' patience allows children to realize their own mistakes and grow up by themselves.2)reasoning with the child patiently will make him more willing to listen.(2)trust1)parents' trust on children help build up their self-confidence.2)children will be more brave to take action and learn new things if their parents trust them enough.TOEFL Speaking Question 2答题辅导（外教润色）OG 1Some college students choose to take courses in a variety of subject areas in order to get a broad education. Others choose to focus on a single subject area in order to have a deeper understanding of that area. Which approach of course selection do you think is better for students and why?2、Possible Viewpoints：(1)a variety of subject areas1) No subject is independent. To some extent they are all inter-connected. Learning a variety of subjects helps students understand each subject better.2）Knowing something of everything enables a student to make the best choice of his major. He has a better chance to truly realize what he likes to do most in his future.(2)single subject area1）Fields like engineering require expertise in that particular subject. Having a deeperunderstanding of one single area allows students to make further innovation in that area, which cannot be achieved by simply having basic knowledge of that area.2）Going deeper in one specific area means that you are better than others. This is the ability that makes you irreplaceable in your team, which leads to greater success.OG 2Some students would prefer to live with roommates. Others would prefer to live alone. Which option would you prefer and why?2、Possible Viewpoints：(1) live with roommates1) help develop communication skills. Living with others promotes communication among people with different personalities and improves interpersonal skills.2) make good friends. Roommates are usually best friends because of the intimacy from living together.(2) live alone1) live more freely. You don't have to accommodate yourself to other people's schedule. There is more flexibility in setting your own timetable.2) learn to be independent. Living alone helps develop the ability to solve all kinds of problems independently, which is necessary for students' future life.OG 3Some students prefer to work on assignments by themselves. Others believe it is better to work in a group. Which do you prefer? Explain why.2、Possible Viewpoints：(1) by themselves1) help improve abilities in all dimensions. Students have to consider every aspect in order to work well on the assignment, which help them improve comprehensive abilities.2) independency. Students won't rely on other too much on the assignment. They will learn how to do things all by themselves.(2) in a group1) the spirit of teamwork. It is important for students to understand the significance of teamwork so that they may perform better in their careers later.2) improve working efficiency. With everyone doing what they are good at in a group, the assignment can be done much faster and better.TOEFL Speaking Question 3答题辅导（外教润色）OG Test1The man expresses his opinion of the university's plan to eliminate the bus service. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.2、Gist of Answer：(1)briefly summarize the man's opinion.(2)state the reasons the man gives for his opinion.3、Outline of Reading Material：(1)Currently few students ride the buses and the buses are expensive to operate.(2)The money saved will be used to expand the parking lots.4、Outline of Listening Material：(1)The man doesn't like the idea of eliminating the school bus.(2)The reason why few students ride the bus is because the buses only go through very expensive neighborhoods. They should change the bus route.(3)Expanding the parking lots is going to make the matters worse by encouraging students to drive more cars, which will lead to more noises and more traffic.OG Test2The woman expresses her opinion of the university’s plan. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.2、Gist of Answer：(1)briefly summarize the woman's opinion.(2)state the reasons the woman gives for her opinion.3、Outline of Reading Material：(1) Building new students' housing off campus can leave more parking space on campus.(2) It also helps students have a richer experience by being connected to the local community.4、Outline of Listening Material：(1)The woman doesn't agree with the idea.(2)Building new students' housing off campus will even increase the use of cars because students would go to take classes on campus anyway.(3)Building new students' housing off campus will prevent them from participating in school activities.OG Test3The woman expresses her opinion of the change that has been announced. State her opinion and explain her reasons for holding that opinion.2、Gist of Answer：(1)briefly summarize the woman's opinion.(2)state the reasons the woman gives for her opinion.3、Outline of Reading Material：(1) Cold breakfast foods are healthier than many of the hot breakfast items.(2) Limiting the breakfast selection to cold food will save money.4、Outline of Listening Material：(1)The woman doesn't agree with the idea.(2)Sometimes hot breakfast is better, for example on the cold winter morning.(3)This idea won't save money because if students don't like the cold breakfast on campus, they will go to by food off campus which is more expensive.TOEFL Speaking Question 4答题辅导（外教润色）OG Test1Explain how the examples of tying shoes and learning to type demonstrate the principle of audience effects.2、Gist of Answer：(1)explain the concept of audience effects.(2)describe the two examples presented in the listening material.3、Outline of Reading Material：(1)People take each other into account in their daily behavior.(2)Audience effects means that the presence of others tends to alter the way people behave or perform an activity.4、Outline of Listening Material：(1)One aspect of audience effects is that people tend to do things faster when they are being watched.(2)One example is about asking students to tie shoes. Students who know that they are being watched tend to tie shoes faster than those who don't know.(3)Another example is about learning to type. Those who know they are being watched learn typing faster than those who don't know.OG Test2Explain how the two examples discussed by the professor illustrate differences in the ways people explain behavior.1、题目关键词：explain, examples2、Gist of Answer：(1)summarize the difference in the ways people explain behavior.(2)describe the examples discussed by the professor.3、Outline of Reading Material：(1)We tend to attribute other people's actions to their character or their personality, but explain our own behavior in terms of situational factors beyond our own control.(2)People are aware of the situational forces affecting them but not of situational forces affecting other people.4、Outline of Listening Material：(1)When the professor saw someone cut right in front of him before he got in line, he simply thought this man was rude without thinking about possible reasons.(2)When the professor did the same thing on another day because he was in a hurry, he didn't think himself as rude because he had to attend an important meeting.5、模板：(1)In this set of materials, the reading passage is (the title of the reading passage) and the listening material is a lecture on this topic.(2)The reading material mainly introduces ...(3)In the listening material, the professor gives two examples to illustrate ...(4)One is ... The other is ...OG Test3Using the example discussed by the professor, explain what cognitive dissonance is and how people often deal with it.2、Gist of Answer：(1)summarize the concept of cognitive dissonance.(2)use the example to explain how people often deal with it.3、Outline of Reading Material：(1)Cognitive dissonance is the mental discomfort people feel when they experience a contradiction between their actions and their beliefs.(2)People often change their interpretation of the situation in a way that minimizes the contradiction.4、Outline of Listening Material：(1)The professor was addicted to video games in high school when he was failing chemistry. This was a conflict to him because he knew he should work well in school but he couldn't give up video games.(2)His solution was to change his understanding of what it meant to do well in school from doing well in all classes to only doing well in the ones that directly related to his future career.TOEFL Speaking Question 5答题辅导（外教润色）OG Test1The speakers discuss two possible solutions to t he woman’s problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then explain what you think the woman should do and why.3、Outline of Listening Material(1)The man asks the woman to go on a three-day trip during the spring break.(2)The woman had promised to help another professor, which contradicted with the trip.(3)One solution is to ask the other professor to find someone to replace her.(4)The other solution is to finish the work before Wednesday.4、Possible Viewpoints(1)finish the work before Wednesday1) The woman is able to keep her promise and won't let her professor down.2) The professor may not find someone to replace her during the spring break.OG Test2The speakers discuss two possible solutions to the wom an’s problem. Briefly summarize the problem. Then state which solution you recommend and explain why.3、Outline of Listening Material(1)One course what the woman needs for graduation is not offered next semester.(2)One solution is to take the course in another university.(3)The other solution is to take one of the graduate courses.4、Possible Viewpoints(1)take one of the graduate courses1)Taking a course in another school takes up a lot of time and may affect her schedule.2)Though graduate courses are tense, she can make it if she works harder. Besides, she may also learn more from a graduate course.OG Test3The speakers discuss two possible solutions to the woman’s problem. Briefly summarize the problem. Then state which of the solutions you recommend and explain why.3、Outline of Listening Material(1)An award ceremony the woman wishes to attend and her biology test are at the same time.(2)One solution is to hand in a 5-page paper instead of taking the examination so she can attend the ceremony.(3)The other solution is letting someone else receive the prize on her behalf.4、Possible Viewpoints(1)hand in a paper1)She can attend the ceremony in person and make her parents proud.2)It's still possible for her to finish the paper though it may take longer time, but she won't regret for not attending the ceremony.(2)let someone else receive the prize on her behalf1)She won't have to spend a long time on the paper.2)She will get the award anyway.TOEFL Speaking Question 6答题辅导（外教润色）OG Test1Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two definitions of money presented by the professor.2、Gist of Answer：(1)summarize the two definitions of money.(2)use the examples to explain each definition.3、Outline of Listening Material：(1)One definition is broad. Anything that can be used to exchange for service can be called money, like using vegetables to exchange for a ride.(2)The other definition is narrow. Money is what's defined by a legal term. For example, a taxi driver must take dollars instead of vegetables.OG Test2Using points and examples from the talk, explain how learning art can impact a child’s development.2、Gist of Answer：(1)summarize the two kinds of impacts learning art has on a child.(2)use the examples to explain each one.3、of Listening Material：(1)Providing a platform to express complex emotions. Expressing pride by making a drawing: jumping up in the air or raising up the arms and smiling.(2)Encouraging persistence. Making a car out of clay. Transfer the lesson to another situation. Accomplish the goal through hard work.OG Test3Using the examples from the talk, explain how persuasive strategies are used in advertising. 2、Gist of Answer：(1)summarize the strategies presented by the professor.(2)use detailed examples to explain how each strategy works.3、Outline of Listening Material：(1)Repetition. When the slogan is repeated enough times, even if the message might not be true, people tend to believe it.(2)Celebrity. Using race car driver to convince people that the car is fast.。
托福口语要点解析及答题技巧
托福口语要点解析及答题技巧托福口语一共有6个task，分为独立口语和综合口语两大部分，独立口语主要是依据题目表达自己的观点，综合口语是对听力内容的概述和总结，下面我就和大家共享托福口语要点解析及答题技巧，盼望能够关心到大家，来观赏一下吧。
托福口语要点解析及答题技巧一. 托福口语要点解析托福口语的6个task答题都有各自的要点，大家肯定要留意。
在回答Task 1的时候要首先讲明主题句，然后列出三点理由，举一个例子论证即可，例子尽量详细。
Task2要用主题句表明倾向，然后叙述两点理由，最终可以做一个总结句。
Task3可以使用三段式模板，但是要留意把握时间，阅读段落和听力段落描述时间比例约为1:2。
Task4先概括文章段落大意，听力段落重点描述，假如阅读段落中有提到的内容，但在听力段落中没有提到，可以不说。
Task5对于前半部分的问题描述可以使用模板快速回答，描述个人意见时可以选择一条或两条理由，只要描述足够充分就可以。
Task6答题时最为重要的是描述清晰事情的起因和结果以及主要特征，描述过程中不要遗漏重点信息，也不要消失描述错误的状况。
二. 托福口语答题技巧1. 语调轻松，不要像背书托福口语考试是仿照沟通的考试，所以肯定不要给人一种你在背书的感觉。
答题时要当成一般谈天，也可以加一些口头语，比如“you know”、“I mean”等等。
这样的口头词语可以在你突然卡顿的时候，给你短暂的思索时间，也会让你的回答听起来更加流利和顺畅。
回答期间尽量不要突然停住不说话，流利度很重要。
2. 内容丰满，自圆其说口语答题时，肯定要留意答案的丰满度，比如，举例论证的时候，肯定要将例子表达完整。
规律关系明确，假如分点回答，可以用“first，second，third”等词汇过渡，让自己的回答听起来条理清楚。
答题时分论据肯定要和自己的主题论据全都，能够自圆其说，切忌前后互不照应。
3. 平常多练习托福口语的平常需要多练习，假如平常没有打好基础，那么考试中的技巧再好也是没有用的。
新托福口语Task 4课文节选阅读练习题
Task 4 课文节选阅读练习1.Perceptual ConstancyPerceptual constancy is a term in cognitive psychology. It suggests the tendency humans to see familiar objects as having standard shape, size, color, or location regardless of changes in the viewing angle, distance, lighting, or other factors. We tend to judge an object as what it is or what it is assumed to be, no matter how the environment is. Perceptual constancy is very important for humans’ the ability to identify objects under variety of conditions.2.GroupthinkGroupthink happens most often when the group is already cohesive, is isolated from conflicting opinions and where the leader is open and directive. Group members sometimes fall into a style of thinking where the maintenance of the grou p’s cohesion and togetherness becomes all-important. Resulting decisions are often based on incomplete information and fail to consider all available plans of action and risks. Compared to the decisions that could have been reached using a fair, open, and rational decision-making process, decisions made by groups engaged in groupthink are very bad.3.Self-Fulfilling ProphecyAccording to the self-fulfilling prophecy, if we make a prediction of our activity, we tend to change our actions and make our prediction true.For example,If a person thinks we are clever or stupid or whatever, they will treat us that way. If we are treated as if we are clever, stupid or whatever, we will act, and even become, this way. So,to make a person act in a certain way, all we have to do is believe this when we interact with them.4.First ImpressionMaking a good first impression is important for building relationships with other people. We've all met people that we instantly "like" and want to get to know more or do business with. In business, a positive first impression is crucial for creating profitable, sustainable, long-term partnerships to help build the business and keep it thriving.First impressions can last forever. It is important to make the right impression - not the wrong one - from the very first day. No one wants to look silly or do the wrong thing at a new job.5.Observational LearningLearning is a combination of watching, thinking and trying. By the theory of observational learning, after watching the behavior of other people (a model), an observer's behavior changes. An observer's behavior can be affected by the positive or negative consequences of a model's behavior. When the model's behavior is rewarded, the observer is more likely to copy the model's behavior. When the model's behavior is punished, the observer is less likely to imitate the same behavior.6.Token Reward SystemThe token reward system is a skill through which a teacher or parent can effectively increase good behavior and teach the child or young person to delay their state of being satisfied. It is important for a teacher or parent to create his or her own tokens rather than just using pocket money for them, because the child or young person can receive a token which they collect towards a meaningful reward. Any token reward system should be started in a positive way.7.State-dependent MemoryState-dependent memory refers to the phenomenon that if people remember some information in a situation or "state",they tend to recall information better in the same situation or "state" later. One of the states is environmental context, suggests that memory can be affected by environment influences. A person memorizes information in one room can easily recall more when tested in the same or similar room than in a new room. Other environmental influences may include the time of day and the people who are present.8.Buyer's RemorseBuyer's remorse is an emotional state. After a customer buying an expensive items such as electronics, automobiles and houses, this customer feels regret, because they believe that their actions were wrong. As a salesperson, you need to take some positive steps to overcome the buyer's remorse before the remorse finally overcomes your customers. To remove buyer's remorse, you can give your customers a phone call or send them an immediate e-mail reassuring them that not only have they bought the best product or service, but that they will also receive the best after-sales service at any time they need.9.Affiliation in Advertisement CompaniesAffiliation refers to having a close relationship with one person or a group. This concept claims that a person wants to have good and stable relationship with other people and groups; as a result, many advertisement companies use this method to their own benefit. There are two ways that the affiliation method is used in companies: showing a good personal and social relationship between the consumer and the product, and showing negative consequences of what would occur in the society when people use products other than the companies’ own.10.FlowWhen a person is doing one thing, this person will be totally immersed in what he or she is doing. This mental state is calle d “flow”. Generally, what a immersed person does usually share a few common characteristics: clear and limited goals, high degree of concentration, loss of the feeling of self-consciousness, distorted sense of time, direct and immediate feedback, very stong ability to deal with a challenge, sense of control, and intrinsic reward. The person who is in a flow state is happy and good, instead of sad and terrible.11.Short-term MemoryShort-term memory is part of the memory storage system. Short-term memory can store a small amount of information for about twenty seconds,a short period. Short-term memory can be affected negatively by two factors. The first factor is time. In short-term memory, information can decay from the short-term memory very rapidly unless it is continually rehearsed. The second facor is interference from other Items. Short-term memory is very easy to be affected by interruption or interference.12.Sunk CostsIn economics and in business decision-making, sunk costs are unrecoverable investment costs that have already been invested before a certain activity takes place, no matter the result of the activity will be. For example, a person may order a cocktail dress through online shopping and it is a non-refundable purchase. The price of this dress becomes a sunk cost because even if that person changes her mind and wants to buy a dress shirt, there’s no way of getting the money back.13.EcosystemEverything in the natural world is connected. An ecosystem is a natural community, which includes living organisms such as all plants, animals and micro-organisms and physical surroundings such as the air, water, and the soil. All the parts work together to make a balanced system by interacting and interdependent relationships. If the ecosystem is harmed by its surroundings or human activity, “resilience” will allow the ecosystem to return to its original situation.14.Cyclic Population ChangeAn ecosystem is a natural community, which includes living organisms such as all plants, animals and micro-organisms and physical surroundings such as the air, water, and the soil. One aspect of ecosystems, cyclic population change, refers to species changing their size of their population cyclically. Populations change over time due to many different circumstances such as their size and climatic change. However, as these circumstances repeat, the populations of these species return to their original state.15.The Paradox of ChoiceFor buyers,the more choice might not be better. By the principle of paradox of choice, eventhough with lots of options people may get a better choice, too much choice is not necessarily a good thing. There are some negative effects brought by it. Too much choice raises expectations and makes people more likely to put off their decisions, blame themselves more often for choosing the perfect option. They end up feeling anxious and dissatisfied with the outcome.16.DormancyUnder stressful environmental conditions, often,as in winter, when the food and water is scared, organisms use dormancy to avoid harsh environmental conditions. Dormancy is a period in an organism's life cycle when development is temporarily suspended. This minimizes metabolic activity helps an organism to conserve the amount of energy available to it and makes few demands on its environment. Periods of dormancy vary in length and in degree of metabolic reduction. There might be a slightly lower metabolism during the periodic, short-duration dormancy of deep sleep. Also, there might be a extreme metabolism reductions for an very long period.17.Reward Extinction EffectBehavior can be encouraged by rewards. To stop a person’s problem behavior, another person may give what that person wants. However, intentionally or not, this is a reward for that person and he will continue doing that problem thing in the future. “reward extinction effects” means that once there is no longer any reward for the problem behavior, the problem behavior “disappears”. So,we can reduce the occurrences of the problem behavior by stopping providing reward after the behavior.18.Attribution TheoryAttribution theory argues that all the people have a desire to find out the reasons for both our behavior and other people’s behavior. When another person has made a mistake, we will often attribute causes to that person’s internal personality factors. When we have made a mistake, we will more likely attributing causes to situational factors rather than blaming ourselves. And vice versa. We will attribute our successes to our internal personality factors and our rivals’ successes to external ‘luck’.19.Framing EffectFraming effect can influence people’s decision-making. A framing effect occurs when different, but logically equal words cause individuals to change their decisions. For example, a problem can be presented as a gain(e.g., 200 of 600 threatened people will be saved) or as a loss(e.g., 400 of 600 threatened people will die).In the first case people tend to use a gain frame, generally leading to risk-avoiding behavior, and in the second case people tend to use a loss frame, generally leading to risk-seeking behavior.20.False Consensus EffectWhen we are doing one task with a group people, we tend to believe that most of the others agree with what we believe and act.This may be because people around us are like us, and we guess that many other people are similar. When there is limited information with which we can make a good guess, what we believe is a fair alternative to a wild guess. We will more likely use false consensus when we attribute our own behavior to external factors as these are the same factors which supposed to affect others.21.Method ActingMethod acting is an acting skill in which actors and actresses can prepare themselves for a specific role. The performers discover their life experiences that are relative to their roles’ “life experiences”. The "method" calls for an extremely concentrated effort, in which the performer must remain in character, and at the same time, the performer must draw from their own situations so that they might fully realize the role.22.Role ConflictA person who plays a particular social role will follow the script for that role. Role conflict is a special form of social conflict that occurs when a person is forced to play two different and incompatible roles at the same time. This person feels a great amount of stress o f the two conflicts. For example,a student’s parents and friends often expect different behavior from him. His parents want him to stay home and study hard, however his friends want him to go out and party with them.23.Approach-avoidance ConflictIn the approach-avoidance conflict, the individual is both attracted and repelled by the same goal. The same goal has positive aspects and negative aspects. As the individual nears the goal, the strength of avoidance increases more rapidly than the strength of approach, pushing the individual from the goal ; at this point the strength of approach is higher than the avoidance tendency. In this way the individual is brought back to the original point of balance.24.Diffusion of responsibilityDiffusion of responsibility is a social-psychological phenomenon which tends to occur in groups of people when responsibility is not clearly and accurately assigned. An individual is less likely to help someone who seems to need it if there are greater number of other witnesses in an emergency, because they believe that all the witnesses have shared the responsibility, and any one of witnesses could possibly help the person who seems to need help.25.Transfer of LearningWe learn some skills, knowledge, and/or attitudes from one problem-solving situation,and then we apply them to another similar situation. This applying is called transfer of learning. Transfer of learning increases the speed of learning new skills and knowledge. In our daily lives, transfer of learning is very common and often done without conscious thought. Transfer of learning begins with the learning of a task in a specific situation and ends when we stop learning with that task. There are two types of transfer of learning –positive transfer and negative transfer.26.Role DistancingIn our social life,every individual plays some social roles,such as a son,a student or a boss. Role distancing is a practical and successful strategy in situations where an individual occasionally has to play an undesirable social role. What the individual may try to do is to reduce the importance of that role and to separate himself from that social role. Role distancing is a natural thing to do. People all always stay themselves away from a potentially embarrassing situation.27．Outsider artistsOutsider artists have never received formal and professional arts education,and they taught themselves,however, they are showing their artistic talents. Typically, outsider artists are artists who are isolated from society, such as the mentally ill or homeless. Many of them have little or no contact with the institutions of the mainstream art world. Being different from the “mainstream art”,“outsider art” includes the creative works of the naïve, the illusive, the strange, the mentally ill and even the criminal.28.Bridging ShotBridging shot is a movie-making skill whith which movie makers can connect one scene to another. Movie makers use bridging shot to show a change in time or location. A bridging shot can also be used to connect two shots from the same scene by using aclose-up, distant pan or different camera angle, thus relating the shots via content. Through bridging shot, dramatic effects and transition,and a needed momentary pause can be achieved,and some unimportant details can be ignored.29.Impression Management“Impression management” refers to the activity of controlling the impressions in an audience’s mind. Successful impression management can bring a number of important benefits to a person or an organization, such as client satisfaction, better work relationships (trust, avoiding offense), and a more fulfilling work experience. Through ”Impression management”, people try t o shape an audience's impressions of anything, such as a clothing band or a business organization. However,people most commonly try to shape the impressions of themselves.In order to achieve a good impression, people attempt to show their appearance and actions in ways that highlight certain specific positive characteristics.30.Strategies to Increase a Speaker’s CredibilityFirstly,try to be professional. Audiences tend to trust professionals who are knowledgeable in their field. The deeper the speaker understands what he is to discuss about, the easier he is going to get his audience's trust. So, to earn the audience’s trust, a speaker would better deliver a speech within his own profession and emphasize his or her expertness. Secondly,the speaker should frequently make individual eye contact with different members of the audience and keep it for at least three seconds, because audiences wouldn’t easily trust the speaker until they believe that they have re ceived plenty of personal attention from the speaker.。
tpo22task4口语范文
话题： TPO22 Task 4 口语范文内容：1. 引言：介绍TPO22 Task 4的口语题目及场景2. 分析：解释对话中的主要问题和解决方案3. 口语练习：列举一些相关的口语练习题目4. 总结：总结解决方案并强调重要性在TOEFL口语考试中，TPO22 Task 4是一个非常有挑战性的部分。
考生将被要求就一项问题进行深入思考并给出解决方案。
在这篇文章中，我们将分析TPO22 Task 4的口语范文，并给出一些口语练习建议。
让我们来看一下TPO22 Task 4的对话内容。
在这个任务中，考生需要就一个校园问题进行讨论，并给出解决方案。
通常情况下，这个问题会涉及学生的学习和生活环境，比如宿舍条件、食堂食物质量、校园安全等等。
在对话中，一名学生会表达自己的观点并给出理由，而另一名学生则会对这个问题提出质疑并提出自己的解决方案。
两名学生会讨论这个问题，并尝试达成共识。
在解决这个问题的过程中，学生需要展示自己的逻辑思维和口语表达能力。
他们需要清晰地陈述问题，并给出自己的观点。
他们需要积极地参与讨论并听取对方的观点。
他们需要给出一个合理的解决方案并给出理由。
为了在考试中取得好成绩，考生需要进行大量的口语练习。
接下来，让我们来看一些与TPO22 Task 4相关的口语练习题目。
考生可以练习如何清晰地表达自己的观点。
他们可以选择一个校园问题并设想自己是学生会成员，然后给出自己的解决方案。
考生可以练习如何听取对方的观点并进行有效的反驳。
他们可以在口语练习中扮演不同的角色，然后讨论一个争议性问题。
考生可以练习如何给出合理的解决方案并给出理由。
他们可以选择一个具体的问题，并列举多种可能的解决方案，并给出自己的推荐。
TPO22 Task 4口语范文是一个重要的口语练习题目，考生需要进行大量的口语练习以提高自己的口语表达能力。
只有不断地练习，才能在考试中取得好成绩。
希望考生们能够充分了解TPO22 Task 4口语范文的要求，并且在备考过程中加强相关口语练习，提高口语表达能力，取得理想的成绩。
【威学教育】托福口语tpo4综合体听力文本
托福口语T P O41综合体听力文本TPO41Task3Nowlistentotwostudentsdiscussingtheassignment.Idon'tknowaboutthis.Whynot?Soundsokaytome.Thingis:dependingonsomeoneelsemakesmenervous.Myroommatehadtodoaprojectlike thisandtheothergirldidn'tshowuptomeetings,didn'tdoanyresearch.Myroommatehadto doeverythingherself.That'sadrag.Iguessifyourpartnerisirresponsible,youareoutofluck.Exactly.Ithurthergrade.Idon'twantthesamethingtohappentome.Rightnowl'mmore concernedwithgettingagoodgradeeventhoughIknowthat'snotthelessontheprofessorhasinmind.Still,it'llbegoodtolistentoeveryone'sstuff.Well,Idon'tknow.Imean,attheendofthesemester,peoplearefocusedonstudyingforexams.Yeah.Whohastimetoputsomethinglikethistogetherwhenthey'rebusystudying?True.Ican'timagineanyonewillbeabletoreallydoagoodjobwithit.Andeveryonewillbeso preoccupiedbythenthattheyprobablywon'tlistenanyway.Ithinktheprofessor'sgonnabe disappointed.Andstudents…well...we'llalljustbefrustratedbythewholething.Task4Nowlistentopartofalectureonthistopicinapsychologyclass.Here'sanexamplefrommyownlife.BeforeIstartedteaching,Iworkedasaresearchassistantin alaboratoryforayear.Well,duringmyveryfirstweekonthejob,Imadeasuggestiontomybossonhowwecould improvethewaywewererunninganexperiment.Mysuggestionwasagoodone.The experimentwassuccessfulandwegotgreatresults.Anyway,thatfirstweek,becauseofthatoneexperiment,mybossdecided,perhapswithouteven realizingit,hedecidedIwasagreatresearchassistantandheneverchangedhismind.Afterthat firstweek,Iwas...lwasokay,youknow,average.Iwasagoodworker,butIalsomademistakes. Everyonedoes.Butwhenevermybossintroducedmetosomeone,he'dsay,thisisJohn,ourstar researchassistant.Butaco-workerofmine,shewasn'tasfortunate,herfirstweekatthelab,shemadeabig mistakeandthelablostsomeimportantdata.Werecoveredthedata,butitcostofthelabtimeandmoney.Well,ourbossconcludedthatweekthatmyco-workerwasunreliable,incompetent. Andhecontinuedtothinkthat.But,actually,afterthatweek,sheturnedouttobeagood researchassistant,probablybetterthanme.Shemadesomeothersmallmistakes,likeIsaid, everyonedoes.Butourbossthoughtofherasunreliablecuzheonlynoticedhermistakes.Task5Nowlistentoaconversationbetweentwostudentsaboutcampushousing.Hi.Kate.Howisitgoing?Prettygood.Ijustfoundoutl'mgoingtobestayingoncampusduringthesemesterbreak. ProfessorClarkaskedmetohelphimwithsomeresearch.That'saprettybigdeal.Yeah.Iguessitis,buttheproblemis:thedormisalwaysclosed.SoIneedtofindhousingfor abouttwoweeks.Oh,that'srough.Butdidn'tyoumentionthatyouhadacoupleoffriendsthatliveinan apartmentnottoofarfromcampus?Aretheygonnabearound?Yeah.MaryandAlan.Theysaytheyaregonnastickaroundhereduringthebreak.Well,sowhydon'tyoujuststaywiththem?I'vebeenthinkingaboutaskingthem.Andtheyprobablywouldn'tchargeyouanything,right?Justforacoupleofweeks.Yeah.Probablynot.i'msurethey'dbefinewithit.Butsinceit'sbetweenclassesandtheywon't haveclassesandstuff,l'mworriedthat…You'reafraidthattheymightwanttopartytoomuch?Right.They'llbeonvacation,butl'llhavetogetupearlyinthemorningtoworkallday,sowe'llbeoncompletelydifferentschedules.Hmm...well,anotherpossibilityisthatsometimesyoucangetspecialpermissiontostayatthe dorm.Really?Youmeanthey'dletmestayinmyowndormroom?Iwouldn'thavetomove?Well,youwould,actually,becausetheyusuallyonlykeeponeofthedormsopenandit'snotthe oneyou'rein.Hmm...lwonderhowmuchtheycharge.Well,it'snotascheapasstayingwithfriends,but…Butitwouldbequieter…True.Task6Listentopartofalectureinapsychologyclass.Childrenliketoplay.Everybodyknowsthat.Whenkidsplay,theyhavefun.Butthere'smoreto playthanjusthavingfun.Playisalsoimportantifkidsaretodevelopinanemotionallyhealthy way.Fromapsychologicalperspective…well,let'stalkabouttworeasonspsychologistsbelieve playbenefitskids.First,playhelpschildrenfeelmoreincontrol.Why?Well,somepsychologistshavesuggestedthat smallchildrenoftenfeelhelpless.Theyhavetodependonotherpeople,adults,foreverything. They'vegotverylittlecontrolovertheirownlives.Parentsdecidewhentheyeat,whattheyeat, whattheywear.Thisconstantstateofdependencycanmakekidsfeeluneasyandanxious.But whenkidsplay,they'reabletocontroltheirworld ofplay.Theydecide…oh...whichtoythey're gonnaplaywithandhowthey'regonnaplaywithit.Maybetheytakesomebuildingblocksand makeabuildingoutofthem.Theyareconstructingsomethingwithnohelpatall.Soaccordingto thistheory,playinggiveschildrenasenseofbeingincontrolandtheydon'tfeelsohelpless. Andhere'sanotherwayplaycontributestohealthypsychologicaldevelopment.Itgiveschildrena safewaytoexplorecertainurges,desirestheyhave,butonesthatdon'trepresent…well...typicallyacceptablebehavior.Forexample,uh,taketheurgetobedestructive. Allkidshavethisurge,butiftheytrytoactonitandstartactuallybreakingthingsormessing thingsuparoundthehouse,theirparentswillgetupset.Butkidsarenaturallycurious.Theywant toexplorewhatit'sliketobedestructive,buttheydon'twanttheirparentstobeupsetwiththem.Sobyactingoutdestructivebehaviorsduringplay,theproblemissolvedcuzinplay,they' reallowedtobedestructive.Thinkaboutit.Thinkoftheexamplebeforewhereakidbuilds somethingoutofblocks.Isn'titreallycommontoseeakidbuildatowerorsomethingandthen justsmashitalldown?Destructiveinaway,butnoharmdone,right?。
托福TPO45口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO45口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO45口语Task4阅读文本： Method of Loci Special techniques, or memory devices, are often used to help us recall information. One technique, the method of loci (i.e., method of location), is particularly helpful for remembering several pieces of information in a particular order. To use this technique, we first imagine a familiar place such as a building or an outdoor area. This familiar place should have a series of landmarks or locations within it that we can imagine walking past in a predictable, logical order. Once the landmarks have been identified in a given order, we assign one piece of the information that we want to later recall to each location. The information should be assigned in the order in which we want to remember it. To later recall the new information in order, we imagine walking through the familiar place, recalling what is stored at each location along the way. 托福TPO45口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic. So how would this work? Well, let's say you need to learn the names of the planets, in order, by distance from the Sun. So, first, think about the landmarks you pass as you walk from, say, your dormitory, to the student center. The first one might be the front door of your dormitory, then the big tree in front of the dorm. The next landmark you pass might be the statue in front of the library- Next, the steps to the science building. You get the idea. You memorize the major points along the walk, imagining yourself going from the first landmark to the second, the third, and so on. Now, the next thing you do is assign one planet to each of your landmarks in sequence. Since Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, you assign it to the first landmark, the front door of your dorm. The next planet, Venus, to the tree in front of the dorm. The third planet. Earth, you assign to the third landmark, the statue in front of the library, and so on and so on. And each time you picture the association in your mind as vividly as possible. Then later, say you are sitting in the classroom taking a test, and you have to write the order of the planets from the Sun. What do you do? You imagine yourselfon that familiar walk to the student center, passing each landmark as usual. When you think about walking out of the door of your dorm, you are reminded of Mercury. When you see the beautiful tree in front of the dorm, you'd think of Venus. At each landmark along the way, you recall the next planet and write it down. 托福TPO45口语Task4题目： Using the professor’s example, explain how the method of loci is used to recall information in sequence. 托福TPO45口语Task4满分范文： Method of Loci is particularly helpful for remembering several pieces of information in a particular order. In the lecture, the professor uses learning the names of planets in order by distance from the sun as an example to illustrate this method. In order to do this, you memorize the landmarks from the dormitory to the student center. The first landmark is the front door of your dorm, which you assign as the Mercury, the closest planet to the sun. The second landmark is the tree in front of your dorm, which you assign as Venus. And the third landmark is the statue in front of the library, which you assign as Earth. In this way, when you take a test and have to write down the order of the planets from the Sun, you will recall the planet according to the association with the landmarks. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO45口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福口语第4题总结课文主题与教授举例题
task4课⽂主题与教授举例题 9.15 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a theory, false consensus effect, which means when people work with others, they tend to believe others agree with what they believe and act. In this lecture, the professor uses one example to explain this theory. The example is about a recent research. In a crowded but quiet room, some students would discuss loudly, but others would not. Then these students were divided to two opposite groups, the first group who would discuss loudly thought others would talk loudly too, the second group who would keep silent thought most of the students would stand with them. So, people tend to think others would have similar points of view. 10.15 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a definition, diffusion of responsibility, which means that people don’t want to help those who need help if there are many people seeing this. In the lecture, the professor uses two examples to explain this definition. The first example is driving on the high way during the heavy traffic, though many people want help the driver who has an accident, only a few will do, because they think other people will do this. The second example is driving on the country road in an early morning when there are a few cars in sight, and you will help people in trouble, because you think you are the only person who can help him under the very circumstance. 10.21 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a principle, self- fulfilling prophecy, which means that if we make a prediction, we tend to change our activity and make our prediction true. In the lecture, the professor uses one example to explain this definition. The example is about a research in North America, some students were selected from some primary school across the country, they were as normal as other students, but their educators were instructed that they were the top students in the country and they should be educated as geniuses, so the teachers always praised and encouraged them. Five years later, the researchers found these students had higher IQ than other students. 11.3 marketing In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a principle, buyer’s remorse, which means that after customers buy an expensive item, they will remorse. In the lecture, the professor uses one example to explain this principle. The example is from the professor’s experience. The professor bought a car last year because he thought it was pretty good, after a week, he thought he made a quick decision. Fortunately, a salesman called him to celebrate his right decision, and the salesman’s daughter bought the same car and loved it, the car had won a lot of prize for her. After that, the salesman sent mail regularly to ask his complaints and feedback, thus the professor felt better. 11.21 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces two principles to increase a speaker’s credibility, which means that the speaker should be professional and contact with the audience for at least 3 seconds. In the lecture, the professor uses one example to explain the principles. The example is about Mr. Jancson, he was the candidate of the president in the twentieth century. He established himself as an esteemed expert in finance before going into politics, thus, when he talked finance, people thought he was professional. He improved his speech by memorizing what he was going to talk about, thus he could contact with the audiences’ eyes. As a result, he became even more popular and won the election at last. 12.3 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a principle word framing, which means that different but logically equal words cause individuals to change their decisions. In the lecture, the professor uses two examples to explain this principle. The first example is about the weather forecast. If the weather is forecasted to be cloudy, and there are 50% possibilities of rain, people will take umbrella with them, if there are 50% possibilities of sunshine, people won’t prepare for rain. The second example is about the advertisement language. People prefer buying the medicine claimed to work for 90 percent of patients to buying other medicine claimed the failure to 10 percent of patients. 12.8[ /toefl ] In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a definition- outsider artists, which means that they teach themselves, but they have the artistic talents. In the lecture, the professor uses one example to explain this definition. The example is about Edison, he was one of the greatest outsiders in North America, his life was as unusual as his paintings, he only spent quite a while living alone in Chicago, he had no friends and was drunk everyday, he painted in secret conditions. His paintings were unique; he pasted 18 children figures from the magazines on his water color pictures. He liked making abnormally large paintings, his longest porch was as long as 8 feet, his works were famous after his death. 2.3 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces two reasons of losing temporary memory, which means that temporary can lose as time passes by or interference of other matters. In the lecture, the professor uses two examples to explain these reasons. The first example is a man forgot a phone number, and his roommate told him, but 2 hours later he forgot the number again. Memory can stay as long as you dial the phone. The second example is from the professor’s experience. He ran into a friend when he was in the bookstore, his friend recommended him a book list. Finally, he couldn't remember his book list. Because his friend’s recommended books took the place of his own list he previously made. 1 nonverbal behavior and verbal behavior In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a principle about nonverbal behavior and verbal behavior, which means we can judge one’s feeling just through our behavior, even he say no words or the opposite feeling, In the lecture, the professor uses a couple of examples to explain this definition. The first example is from his experience, when he saw hisuncle he hadn’t seen him for a long time, although he didn’t say he was happy, but his wife and uncle can see it through his jumping. The second example is playing hammer and snail with his daughter, although his finger was smashed, he said he is OK, his daughter see his pain through his behavior. 3method acting In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a definition of method acting, which means that when you perform on the stage, you need to relate your experience to the role and you need to use the body language and imagine the scene. In the lecture, the professor uses one example to explain this definition. The example is from the professor’s experience, one day he had to act as Sam and perform a situation of reunite with an old friend, he imagined he saw his father who were away from home to gain the joy. If Sam was cold in North Pole, he imagined he was waiting the bus in the cold for four hours, and thus you could integrate into the role. In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a definition, which means that . In the lecture, the professor uses two examples to explain this definition.。
托福口语第四题模板及拿分策略
托福口语第四题模板及拿分策略虽然托福口语很难，但是口语是有答题模板的。
口语第四题模板你知道吗?下面就是店铺给大家整理的托福口语第四题模板，希望对你有用!托福口语第四题模板模版一：The reading passage introduces the definition/ phenomenon/ problem/ process /some functions/some features/ principle/ application/ cause/ effect of……(关键的抽象词). XXX is……(定义的内容)In the listening passage, the professor continues to demonstrate it by providing someresearches/examples.This first is……(最后一句注意挂钩)The second is……(同样挂钩)模版二：From the reading material, we know that…(关键术语,定义)To demonstrate it, the speaker provides two examples/reasons/researches. One example is that……Another example is that……..So the suggestion is that……托福口语第四题怎么记笔记一.阅读部分托福口语task4中的阅读部分需要考生在45秒之内读一段75-100个单词左右的文章，但考生在记笔记的时候并不需要把所有的内容都记下来。
在阅读中主要展示的教授对于某个名词的定义或者某个现象的定义，所以根据这部分题目的答题要点来看，前程百利小编认为，考生应该重点记忆的是阅读部分的general principle部分，对于其它的部分可以忽略。
general principle一般出现在文章的开头和结尾部分，所以，考生在看到阅读题目的时候，应该重点注意这两点。
托福口语4题
托福口语4题一、托福口语四道题题型介绍1. 新托福独立口语题型第1题和第2题为独立回答题，准备时间为15秒，回答问题时间为45秒。
问题会被朗读出来，同时会出现在屏幕上。
第一道题是情景题。
阅读材料为一个自然段，75-100个单词，阅读材料的时间是45秒;要求考生根据题目表达自己的观点并解释原因;第二道题要求考生在两个相反的事物中选择一个并解释原因。
2. 新托福综合口语综合口语第一类综合口语第3题和第4题为第一类综合口语题，以阅读和听力材料为基础，要求考生回答相关问题。
听力材料是两个学生的对话，是对阅读材料中提出的问题的评论，长度为60-80秒。
另一道是学术题，阅读材料为75-100个单词的长度学术性材料，阅读时间为45秒。
听力材料是老师的课堂讲解，长度为60-90秒考生可以在听录音的过程中做笔记来帮助答题。
答题的时候，考生有30秒的准备时间，60秒的回答问题时间。
综合口语第二类口语考试第5题和第6题为综合口语第二类，以听力材料为基础，要求考生回答相关问题。
听力材料一道题是情景题，是学生之间关于学习生活中涉及的任意话题的对话，长度为1分钟60-90秒;另一道是学术题，比如历史课老师在讲课，长度为90-120秒。
考生可以在听录音的过程中做笔记来帮助答题。
答题时，考生有20秒的准备时间，60秒的时间回答问题。
二、托福口语答题技巧1、托福口语task1答题技巧task1最常考的就是偏好题，通过智课老师的仔细研究，这类题型常出现的话题是人物话题、地点话题、事件话题或者是物品话题。
针对这类题型，同学们可以针对一个话题不断的神话，而且完全可以一个例子通用到各类话题中。
如果在文章的开头进行表述，最好是将主体分为三部分来阐述，开题无需技巧，简单读题即可，把you 都改成me，比起I think……开头可以省去相对多的思维时间。
内容一般找三个理由，为避免理由重复或累赘，建议就方便、经济、减压等常用理由进行练习，并结合不断问自己How 及Why 等问题来充实内容，完成example 的部分。
托福TPO23口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO23口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO23口语Task4阅读文本： Reference Groups Our thinking and behavior are often influenced by other people. When we admire and respect someone, we naturally try to imitate their behavior and attitudes. Groups of people whom we admire and whose behavior and attitudes we ten to imitate are known as reference groups. Reference groups provide a model – a frame of reference – that can shape how we think and behave. Over the course of a lifetime, we may be influenced by many different reference groups. As we grow older, or encounter new circumstances, our reference groups may change, and our attitudes and behavior may change accordingly. 托福TPO23口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture in a sociology class on this topic. (male professor) I have an example from my own life that illustrates this. When I first began my university studies, I became friends with a bunch of art students. They were older and fun and very creative and I thought they were really cool. And they all liked to dress really casually, in T-shirts and jeans and sneakers. That's what they wore all the time, to class, to the library, to dinner, everywhere, T-shirts and jeans and sneakers. So that's what I started wearing, too. And I fit right in, and I felt really cool.But then I graduated, moved to Chicago, and got a job. And I started working with some really bright, young people who'd already been working in the company for a few years, who were already handling major responsibilities for the company, really impressive. And sometimes some of us would get together on the weekend, maybe for a concert or a baseball game or something. And at first, I just wear a T-shirt and jeans and sneakers. That was, you know, how I was used to dressing. But I soon noticed that my co-workers preferred to dress up a little bit. The men would wear a nice pair of pants, uh, button-up shirt. The women might wear a fashionable dress and some nice shoes. They dress in clothes a lot nicer than what I was used to wearing. And I started thinking, you know, that looks really classy, really sharp. And so I started to dress the same way they did, you know, nicer, a little more formal. And, I don’t know, somehow my T-shirts and jeans and sneakers didn't seem as cool anymore. 托福TPO23口语Task4题目： Using the example from the lecture, explain how people’s behavior is affected by reference groups. 托福TPO23口语Task4满分范文： Reference group is the group of people who we admire and therefore impact on our attitude and behavior. In the lecture, the professor takes his experiences in college and in Chicago. When he was a college student, his reference group was a bunch of art students who really liked to wear T-shirts, jeans and sneakers, and this attitude influenced the professor, so the professor also thought it was cool to dress like that, and he did dress like that, too. However, when he began to work in Chicago, this changed as he met another group of young people who held major responsibilities in their company. He began to take those young people as his reference group, and of course they dressed differently, more formally, like button-up shirts, pants, and suits. So the professor no longer thought it was cool to wear T-shirts and jeans and he began to wear shirts and pants, too. (149 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO23口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO24口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO24口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO24口语Task4阅读文本： Flagship Species Environmental organizations work to protect plants and animals whose natural habitats are threatened by human activity. One way they do this is by selecting a particular species to represent the threatened habitat to the general public. This species, called a flagship species, is one that people are likely to find attractive and interesting. The flagship species is used to raise public awareness and motivate people to take action to protect the threatened habitat. People’s support of the flagship species results in protection for all the plant and animal species living in the threatened area. 托福TPO24口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in an environmental science class. (male professor) So, one example of this is the macaw, the great green macaw. Now, the great green macaw is a beautiful bird, a fairly large-sized parrot known for its colorful feathers, gorgeous green feathers with some read and blue feathers, too. The macaw lives in the South American rainforest, in a part of the rainforest where a lot of trees have been cut down, trees that the macaw relies on for its food and nesting. So, the macaw was in trouble.And, of course, along with the trees, a lot of other animals were in trouble, too. Lots of birds, bats, and frogs also live in these trees. So, when the trees were cut down and cleared away, these animals also didn't have a place to live anymore and their populations drastically declined. So, what a concerned group of people in the area did was they started spreading the word about how the macaw, you know this really beautiful bird, needed help.They made little books with information about the macaw, with pictures, full colored pictures of the macaw that showed off its beautiful feathers, and they passed out these little books, these informational brochures. They distributed them to people in schools and community centers in the area. And a lot of people responded. They contributed money, and helped the group set up some protected land, a special area where no one could cut down the trees, so the macaw would be safe. And the macaw’s population started to increase and other birds and bats and frogs came back to the area, too. Their numbers increased along with the trees. 托福TPO24口语Task4题目： Using the example of the macaw from the lecture, explain the concept of a flagship species. 托福TPO24口语Task4满分范文： Flagship species is a particular kind of species that people select to represent an endangered habitat in order to protect that habitat. For example, great green macaw, a very beautiful bird that lives in a part of South American Forests. And since many trees that the bird rely on for food and nesting have been cut down, the great green macaw was in trouble, and the number of many other species in the area also decreases. Because the macaw has nice feathers, a group of people who are concerned with the issue choose it to represent the habitat. They spread the words that the beautiful bird is in danger to the general public and give out brochures with its picture printed on them. With the help of the flagship species, the public becomes aware of the situation and begins to respond by donating money or setting up non-cutting zones to help preserve the forest. With these efforts, the habitat is saved and the number of other species living on the land grows back, too. (172 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO24口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO47口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO47口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO47口语Task4阅读文本： Reactance People of all ages generally prefer to have as much freedom as possible in determining their behavior. When individuals feel that their actions are being unfairly limited, they often attempt to restore freedom by directly contradicting or opposing the rule of regulation that threatened their freedom. Both children and adults demonstrate behaviors that are the results of their urge to restore freedom. This reaction, termed “reactance” by psychologists, come from an individual’s desire to reestablish freedom and control of a situation. 托福TPO47口语Task4听力文本： Listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a psychology class. Think about when you were a kid. Imagine you like this one playground. You play there a lot, have lots of fun, you know. Okay. Now imagine that one day, for no apparent reason, your parents decide that they don't want you playing there anymore. You are not allowed to go there anymore. Of course you're not gonna like that one bit. It's not fair. And now that you are not allowed, you want to play there even more than before. So you sneak over there anyway. You go to this playground despite your parents' rules. Here's another example. There was a town that passed a law that banned the sale of a certain kind of soap. There was an ingredient in this soap that was harmful for the environment. So stores weren't allowed the sell the soap anymore. Keep in mind that this ingredient had no effect whatsoever on this soap's ability to clean things. None. But people found out about the upcoming restriction and got upset. They thought they should be able to buy whatever soap they wanted. It wasn't right to take this soap away. And a week before the law went into effect, what happened? People went and bought a whole lot of this particular soap, way more than they would have in another circumstance. 托福TPO47口语Task4题目： Explain how the examples in the lecture illustrate the concept of reactance. 托福TPO47口语Task4满分范文： The reading passage introduces a term called “reactance”, which is the reaction of direct opposition to unfair restrictions of behaviors in order to reestablish freedom and take control of a situation. The lecturer further illustrates this term by using the example of both children and adults. One example is that when a kid is not allowed to have fun on the playground by his parents for no apparent reason, he will have a stronger desire to go there than before, so it is more likely for him to sneak over there. Another example is that when a certain kind of soap was to be banned from sales for the subterfuge of environmental damage, an increasing number of people bought the soap the week before the law was put into effect. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO47口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
全面分析托福口语TPO4task2
Many universities now offer academic courses over the Internet. However, some people still prefer learning in traditional classrooms. Which do you think is better? Explain why. ⼀.审题 ⾸先，通过这个题⽬，我们可以明确的得知，它是⼀个典型的⼆选⼀的题⽬，⽽且属于教育类的话题，学⽣在论述的时候只需要选择其中的⼀⽅，⽀持在络中上课或者是⽀持在传统的教室中上课即可，但是需要考⽣注意的是，在论述的时候⼀定要注意选择其中的⼀⽅来进⾏论述，不要⼀边觉得上课好，另⼀边也觉得在传统的教室中上课也不错，这样会造成观点的混淆。
⼆.构思 如果考⽣从⽀持在络中上课，那么就可以从以下⼏个⽅⾯答题： 1.上课对于学⽣来说⽐较⽅便，学⽣可以在任何地⽅，任何地点来进⾏学习。
2.上课可以帮助考⽣更加灵活，更加⾃由的安排⾃⼰的学习计划。
在络中的课程，考⽣可以回看，如果在听课的时候有⾃⼰没有听清楚的问题，可以通过回看的⽅式弄明⽩。
⽽且，如果考⽣的接受能⼒⽐较强，可以⾃⼰提前学习下⼀章节，更加⼈性化。
如果考⽣⽀持的是学⽣们在传统的课堂中学习，就可以从以下⼏个⽅⾯⼊⼿答题： 1.在传统的教室中学习，可以增强教师和学⽣之间的互动，学⽣在上课的时候可以问⾃⼰想问的问题，⽼师也会及时给予回答。
并且⽼师是有教学经验的，可以根据学⽣的接受能⼒来调整⾃⼰的教学进度。
2.在传统的教室中，学⽣和学⽣之间可以交流，容易交到不同的朋友，⽽且通过课堂的讨论，可以得到不同的知识。
三.例⼦ I prefer taking courses in traditional classrooms for the following reasons.(总论点，表明⾃⼰的选择，⽀持在传统的教室中上课) First of all, it’s very important that students get to work with an experienced professor in the learning process.(⽤first of all引出了⾃⼰的第⼀个论点，在学习的过程中，跟着⼀个有经验的教授学习，对于学⽣来说，是⼗分重要的事情) It’s so much easier to engage in a discussion or ask questions directly in a traditional classroom. The presence of a professor plays a big role when you are trying to learn something new. Second, learning in a traditional classroom means that you can meet many other students.(⽤second引出了第⼆个论点，在传统的教室学习，意味着你可以见到更多其他的学⽣)It’s great that students get to know each other and become friends in the classroom. Plus, learning in a study group can give students other perspectives which can’t be obtained when taking online courses.。
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洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌Some people like going after fashion. Other don’t. Which do you prefer and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.T–Topic won’t go after fashionS–Supporting cost moneyidea clothes latest fashionenergy consumingnewspaper, radio magazines T—Transition First, because, Also, finallyI wouldn’t go after fashion. First ,because it costs so much money. You have to keep buying the clothes of the latest fashion and style. That’s a whole lot of money to be spent. Also, It’s energy-consuming. Since you have to be kept checking the newspaper and tune in to the radio or TV for the latest fashion which changes frequently. So it is hard to follow. Then I don’t follow.考中策略（strategies during the test）◇Be familiar with the direction and dismiss them by clicking on continue◇use preparation time wisely. Read question carefully, note everything it asks you. Write down a simply plan.◇speak clearly and slowly. normal speed. 80-90 words/minute VOA Special English.◇Organize your reply.◇Topic sentence —supporting idea —Transitions◇Monitor the time carefully◇表达中的coherence 问题◇连读(Linking words together)What’s your favorite holiday? Use reasons and details to support your response.Spring Festival: don't have to work, food, gift money, visiting friendsNational Day: holiday, travelThanksgiving: give thanks to, turkeyChristmas: gift exchanged, new beginning, greeting friendsT–Topic spring festivalS–Supporting family gatheringidea mom daddelicious foodants climbing treesvacation7 days offT—Transition First, because, Also, finallyMy favorite holiday is one of the traditional festivals in China : Spring Festival. First, because it is really an occasion of family gathering. Only at Spring Festival do I have a chance to be back to home in Nanjing. Then I can meet my mom, dad, sister and so on. Second, I can have some delicious food made by my mom who is a good cook. My favorite dish is “ants climbing tree”made by my mom. Finally, at Spring Festival, I can take a few days off. Because I am a real workaholic . I work about 7 days a week. I really wanna take a vacation somehow. So those are some of the reasons that I make Spring Festival my favorite holiday.If you suddenly got $10 million , what would you spend it on? Use details to support your response.T–Topic several thingsS–Supporting huge houseidea 2 million mom and dad Nanjingstocks bonds3 million “Never put……..”VacationNepalT—Transition First, because, Also, finallyIf I have $10 million, I will spend it on several things. First, I’d like to spend $2 million buying a huge house or even villa to house my mom, dad, and some sisters. Because, I am livin’in Beijing while they are in Nanjing. I miss them and they miss me. So I want to live with them. Second, I will invest $3 million in stocks, bonds etc to make me have more money. Just as the saying goes “Never put all your eggs in one basket”. So I will try to diversify my investment vehicles. Finally, I will spend the rest on vacationing. I am crazy about traveling all around the world. I will go to Nepal in the first place. That’s my favorite country in the whole world. It is a fantastic place to visit.1. Why are preparing to take TOEFL test. Use reasons and examples to support your response.T–Topic several reasonsS–Supporting needidea international student Harvard Stanfordprove English levelGRE GMAT LSAT next onesT—Transition First, because, Also, finallyI take the TOEFL test for several reasons. First, because I want to go abroadto study . You know , I am an international student. So I have to take the TOEFL test to enable me to study in America. My favorite school is Harvard or Stanford. Second, I want to prove my English level. I am an English major . I have been studying English for ten years. I want to prove my English proficiency by taking tests of various kinds. I have taken the tests like GRE, GMAT and LSAT. TOEFL is the next one I want to crack.1. Some people like to eat most of their meals with other people. Others prefer eating most of their meals alone. Which do you prefer and include details and examples in your explanations.2.T－Topic: othersS－Supporting talk with themideas food, enjoy better, Great time to talkCook myself, Share the foodT－Transition: first, because, alsoI prefer having meals with my friends. First, because I like to talk with somebody while having meals. Like, I really like to talk with my friends about music. And I also think it is the golden opportunity for us to talk while we are eating, by doing this I can enjoy the food better. Also, I have a chance to share my point of view on the food we are eating. Finally, if I cook myself, it’s so boring to eat what I have cooked. I need to share the food I have made with my friends. This is why I am cooking.T–Topic aloneS–Supporting aloneidea not talkative concentratebad for healthindigestion, (personal incident or your friends’ones) T—Transition First, because, Also, finallyI prefer having meals alone. First, because I am really a person who likes to be left alone, especially when I am eating. I am not talkative, especially when I am having meals which means I have to concentrate on the food instead of things we are talking about. Another reason why I prefer having meals alone is that talking while eating is bad for our stomach. It will lead to indigestion if you often talk when you eat. Finally, if I eat alone I am not going to have any problems like other people’s terrible table manners. Let me give you one example, and I can’t stand this really. Somebody makes a lot of noise when they are eating or somebody even takes off their shoes when having meals. This really drives me crazy!“成千上万人疯狂下载。