管理学基础精品教学（清华大学）课堂测试答案-工1

Chapter 1 The Management Process
True/False Questions
1. The planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of resources in order to achieve
organizational goals both effectively and efficiently is known as management. Answer: True Page: 4 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy
2. McDonald's developed a fat fryer that decreases the amount of oil used in cooking, and
reduced the amount of time to cook fries. This is an example of increased efficiency. Answer: True Page: 6 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate
3. Dell Computer's decision to sell directly to customers is an example of a low-cost
strategy.
Answer: True Page: 8 Learning Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate
4. In a large organization, first-line managers typically report to top managers.
Answer: False Page: 10 Learning Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy
5. The amount of time that managers spend planning and organizing resources decreases
with higher levels in the organization.
Answer: False Page: 12 Learning Objective: 3 Difficulty: Moderate
6. Increases in a firm's effectiveness will increase its performance, but increases in
efficiency will have no predictable effect on performance.
Answer: False Page: 5 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate
7. Planning and organizing require a high level of conceptual skill by the manager. Answer: True Page: 18 Learning Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy
8.The suppliers, customers, and competitors that affect the organization's ability to obtain inputs
and to sell outputs are known as the task environment.
Answer: True Page: 116 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy
9. For the typical manager, opportunities and threats that result from changes in the task
environment are more difficult to identify than events in the general environment.
Answer: False Page: 116 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate
10. The general environment includes an organization's customers.
Answer: False Page: 124 Learning Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy
11. Demographic forces in the environment include changes in gender and race. Answer: True Page: 126 Learning Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy
12. Societies that have a nurturing orientation place high value on success and competition. Answer: False Page: 137 Learning Objective: 3 Difficulty: Moderate
13. Diversity among decision-makers can be used to help reverse the effects of groupthink in
group decision making.
Answer: True Page: 164 Learning Objective: 4 Difficulty: Moderate
14. A society's values are merely abstract concepts.
Answer: False Page: 135 Learning Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy
15. A routine decision is called a nonprogrammed decision.
Answer: False Page: 150 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy
16. March and Simon's Administrative Model is consistent with the classical model of
decision making.
Answer: False Page: 152 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy
17. According to March and Simon, managerial decision making, especially when
nonprogrammed decisions are involved, is frequently more of a science than an art. Answer: False Page: 156 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate
18. Managers can be reactive, but not proactive, in recognizing the need for a decision. Answer: False Page: 158 Learning Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate
19. When the members of a group try hard to agree, even when it is done without
accurately assessing the information available to the group, we say that groupthink has occurred.
Answer: True Page: 163 Learning Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy
20. A member of a group challenges the decision that is being made by the group in an
attempt to make the group think carefully about the pros and cons of a particular alternative. We say that this member of the group is playing the role of the devil's advocate.
Answer: True Page: 164 Learning Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy
Multiple Choice Questions
21. The CEO reviews the performance of her company in the past month's Profit & Loss
Statement to determine if the company is "on track" in terms of its sales and profitability goals. This CEO is engaged in which function?
A) Planning
B) Organizing
C) Demonstrating
D) Controlling
E) Leading
Answer: D Page: 9 Learning Objective: 2 Difficulty: Hard
22. A society has a common practice that men should remove their hats whenever they ride in
elevators that are also carrying women. This is an example of:
A) a value.
B) a more.
C) a folkway.
D) individualism.
E) collectivism.
Answer: C Page: 135 Learning Objective: 3 Difficulty: Moderate
23. IBM has a written set of guidelines for its managers in terms of behavior, which IBM considers
to be either ethical or unethical. This set of written guidelines is called:
A) a policy.
B) arule.
C) a standard operating procedure.
D) a single-use plan.
E) a mission statement.
Answer: A Page: 182 Learning Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate
24. The process that managers use to design a structure of working relationships that allows
managers to work together to achieve organizational goals is called:
A) planning.
B) leading.
C) demonstrating.
D) controlling.
E) organizing.
Answer: E Page: 9 Learning Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy
25. The top managers of an organization must devote more time to ________________ than
lower level managers do.
A) planning and organizing
B) leading
C) controlling
D) vision
E) motivation
Answer: A Page: 12 Learning Objective: 3 Difficulty: Moderate
26. Which of the following statements about managerial decision-making is false?
A) Managerial decision-making is fast-paced.
B) Managers must use their experience and judgment.
C) Managers should wait for complete information before deciding.
D) Human judgment is often flawed
E) Managerial decision-making is more art than science.
Answer: C Page: 156 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate
27. The ability of a worker in the accounting department to prepare the organization's
balance sheet is an example of:
A) a conceptual skill.
B) a first-line skill.
C) a human skill.
D) a technical skill.
E) none of the above.
Answer: D Page: 19 Learning Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy
28. Which of the following is NOT discussed in the text as one of the challenges for managing
in a global environment?
A) building competitive advantage
B) maintaining ethical standards
C) managing a diverse workforce
D) building a strong bureaucratic structure
E) utilizing new kinds of information systems and technology
Answer: D Page: 20 Learning Objective: 5 Difficulty: Moderate
29. If the product of a major competitor has a large market share, we say that this product
has a large amount of:
A) political force.
B) demographic force.
C) brand loyalty.
D) potential competition.
E) distributor loyalty.
Answer: C Page: 123 Learning Objective: 2 Difficulty: Hard
30. A society has a common practice that men should remove their hats whenever they ride
in elevators that are also carrying women. This is an example of:
A) a value.
B) a more.
C) a folkway.
D) individualism.
E) collectivism.
Answer: C Page: 135 Learning Objective: 3 Difficulty: Moderate
31. General Electric Co. found that critical differences in the culture and attitudes of people
in Hungary created problems for its managers in that country. This was an example of which type of force?
A) Demographic
B) Power distance
C) Socio-cultural
D) Nurturing
E) A strategic alliance
Answer: C Page: 138 Learning Objective: 3 Difficulty: Hard
32. When an issue is controversial and when different managers might be expected to
champion different courses of action, the preferred technique is:
A) production blocking
B) brainstorming
C) team learning
D) nominal group
E) devils advocacy
Answer: D Page: 167 Learning Objective: 4 Difficulty: Hard
33. In assessing alternatives for a decision, managers typically use all of the following criteria
EXCEPT:
A) legality.
B) dialectical inquiry.
C) economic feasibility.
D) practicality.
E) ethicalness.
Answer: B Page: 160
34. Managers who were responsible for the decision to launch the Challenger space shuttle
were attempting to balance the conflicting demands for ensuring the safety of the astronauts with the desire to obtain future funding for the U.S. space program. On which two decision-making criteria were these managers focusing?
A) Legality and practicality
B) Ethicalness and legality
C) Practicality and ethicalness
D) Economic feasibility and ethicalness
E) None of the above
Answer: D Page: 160
35. The manager's ability to develop a sensible opinion based on the way that he or she
evaluates the importance of the available information is known as:
A) a programmed decision.
B) anonprogrammed decision.
C) intuition.
D) judgment.
E) a creative decision.
Answer: D Page: 151 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy
36. Managers in biotechnology know that new drugs have a 10% chance of passing advanced
clinical trials. This is an example of:
A) risk
B) uncertainty
C) bounded rationality
D) incomplete information
E) satisficing
Answer: A Page: 153 Learning Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy
37. The process through which managers attempt to improve the ability of subordinates to
understand and to manage the organization is known as:
A) satisficing.
B) devil's advocacy.
C) groupthink.
D) organizational learning.
E) intuition.
Answer: D Page: 164
38. Members of a group strive so hard to agree on an important decision that they ignore
information which is counter to the evidence supporting the point-of-view which they are considering adopting. This is known as:
A) dialectical inquiry.
B) devil's advocacy.
C) groupthink.
D) intuition.
E) representative bias.
Answer: C Page: 163 Learning Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy
39. A sales manager talks with his subordinates about the way they should all treat
customers. The manager is focusing on the _________ of creating a learning organization.
A) personal mastery
B) mental models
C) team learning
D) shared vision
E) systems thinking
Answer: D Page: 165 Learning Objective: 4 Difficulty: Hard
40. Sometimes in a brainstorming session group members cannot make sense of all that is
going on. This problem is called:
A) production blocking
B) groupthink
C) nominal group problem
D) founded rationality
E) devil's advocacy
Answer: A Page: 167 Learning Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy
41.After one person shares an idea, the next thing that should happen in a brainstorming session
is:
A) the idea is critiqued
B) the idea is debated
C) the idea is accepted and implemented
D) the idea is decided upon
E) other ideas are shared
Answer: E Page: 166
42. A company has a requirement that any manager who receives a gift from any of the
company's customers that is worth more than $25 must report this gift to the company's human resources department. This requirement is an example of:
A) a standing plan.
B) a mission statement.
C) a policy.
D) a rule.
E) a single-use plan.
Answer: D Page: 182。