第六章 常用翻译技巧-减词法(省略法)

7.We knew spring was coming as (because) we had seen a robin. 我们看见了一只知更鸟，知道春天快要到了。 （省略表示原因的连词） 8. If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ （省略表示条件的连词）
二、从修辞角度来看
（1）对重复出现的有些英语句子，英译汉时可作适 当省略。 Applicants who had worked at a job would receive Preference over those who had not. 所有申请者中，有工作经验的优先录取。 （试比较：“所有申请者中，有工作经验的，比没有 工作经验的，优先录取。”）
他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。
2. We live and learn. 活到老，学到老。
(译文中省略了作 主语的人称代词)
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(四) 省略前置词（介词）
13. The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 一九四九年中华人民共和国成立。 （省略表时间的in） （试比较：中华人民共和国成立于一九四九年。） 14. Smoking is prohibited in public places. 公共场所禁止吸烟。 （省略表地点的in） （试比较：不准在公共场所吸烟。） “鱼跃于渊”
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（2）根据汉语习惯，译文中可省略一些可有可无的词。 1. In the twelve Yan’an years the Chinese communists had fitted themselves to the land, the rhythm of its seasons, the mood of its peasants. 十二年的延安岁月，中国共产党人已经适应了当地的 风土和季节，也适应了农民的气质。 2. As scheduled, American and Chinese diplomats met on January 20，at the Chinese Embassy. It was their first get-together in more than two years.
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(三) 省略冠词
11. A teacher should have patience in his work. 当教师的应该有耐心。 （省略不定冠词a） 12. The horse is a useful animal. 马是有益的动物。 （省略定冠词the和不定冠词a） C.F. He left without saying a word. （此处 a 不能省）
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9. When at last he stood upon the bluff, he returned to his little sister and looked upon her sorrowfully. 最后他站到了悬崖上，转过身来，忧郁地看着他的 妹妹。 （省略表时间的连词when） 10. John rose gloomily as the train stopped, for he was thinking of his ailing mother. 火车停了，约翰郁郁地站了起来，因为他想起了病 中的母亲。（省略略表时间的连词as ）
他费了不少劲才找到了回家的路。 （省略强势句中的it）
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（2）省略连词
6. He looked gloomy and troubled. 他看上去有些忧愁不安。 （省略并列连词）
是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来因为译文中虽无其词但已有其意或在译文中是不言而喻
第六章 常用翻译技巧—减词法 (省略法)
减词法（省略法）： ——是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来，因为译 文中虽无其词但已有其意，或在译文中是不言而喻。 换言之，减词或省略是删去一些可有可无的，或者 有了反嫌累赘或违背译文语言习惯的词。 省略法的使用，一般出于以下两个方面的表达需要: 一、语法的需要 二、修辞的需要
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一、从语法角度来看
（1）省略代词
1. He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable.
美中两国外交官按照预定计划，于一月二十日在（波 兰）中国大使馆会唔。这是两年多来的第一次。
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3. I wash my face in the morning. 我早上洗脸。 (译文中省略物主代词)
4. It was just growing dark, as she shut the garden gate. 她关上门的时候，已是暮色苍茫了。 (省略非人称的it) 5. It was with some difficulty that he found the way to his own house.
C.F.
Fish jump in the limpid pond. Fish glide in the limpid deep.
“鱼翔浅底”
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