高中英语反义疑问句(详细)

反义疑问句
反义(The Disjunctive Question) 即附加疑问句。

它表示提问人的观点，没有把握，需要对方证明。

反义疑问句由两部份组成：前一部份是一个，后一部份是一个简短的疑问句，两部份的人称时态应维持一致。

要紧形式：部份确信式+疑问部份否定式；陈述部份否定式+疑问部份确信式。

1简述
陈述部份和疑问部份要么前肯后否，要么前否后肯。

这种反义疑问句有时带有情感色彩，表示惊奇，愤怒，挖苦，不服气等。

例如：You call this a day's work，don't you？你说这就叫一天的活儿，不是吗？
2句式
句子结构
1．陈述部份确信句+疑问部份否定句（可记为前肯后否）.
例：They work hard, don’t they?
2．陈述部份否定句+疑问部份确信句（可记为前否后肯）.
例：You didn't go, did you?
句子类型
一种是反义的附加疑问句；一种是非反义的附加疑问句。

简单来讲，确实是“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”。

3读法规那么
反义疑问句陈述部份用降调，问句部份可升可降。

提问者对陈述部份把握较大时，问句部份用降调；反之用升调。

4速记方式
前肯后否，前否后肯，前be后be，前情态后情态，前无be或情态后加助,并改成否定，时态一致。

5主语
一样词语
附加疑问句中用和主句一致的主语，用。

附加疑问句侍从句。

不定代词
当陈述部份的主语是
（1）one时，后面的可用one/he.
（2）no one时，后面附加疑问句中主语用they。

（3）everything,anything,nothing,something时，附加疑问句中主语用it 不用they
（4）this, that,或those, these时，附加疑问句中主语用it或they.
（5）everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，anyone，nobody等时，附加疑问句中主语一样用they（口头语，非正式文体）/he（正式文体）。

（6）不定式时，，其他短语，附加疑问句中主语一样用it。

（7）there be句型时，附加疑问句中一样用be/情态动词/+there。

6否定意义的词
(1)当陈述部份有never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing，none,rarely ，no, not, no one, nobody, neither等否定意义的辞汇时，后面的那么为确信形式：
There're few apples in the basket, are there?
He can hardly swim, can he?
They seldom come late, do they?
(2)当陈述部份的主语为everyone,someone,anyone,no one等表示人的不定代词时，疑问部份的主语用they或he：
Everyone in your family is a teacher, aren’t they\isn't he？
(3)当陈述部份的主语为everything,something,等表示物的不定代词时，疑问部份的主语用it：Something is wrong with your watch, isn’t it?
(4)当陈述部份含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的，也确实是有un,dis,no-前缀、-less后缀等含有而意思否定的词，当做处置，疑问部份要用否定形式。

如：
He looks unhappy,doesn’t he? 他看上去不快乐，不是吗？
The girl dislikes history,doesn’t she? 这女孩不喜爱历史，不是吗？
(5)当陈述部份有less, fewer等词视为确信词，疑问部份用否定形式。

There will be less pollution, won't there?
表示主语的词
含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接组成的在组成反意疑问句时，视情形不同有两种不同的组成方式。

（即当主句是I think，I believe，I suppose，I imagine，I expect时要反问从句，其余句式均反问主句。

）
(1)当主句的主语为时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。

例如：
I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he?
We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?
值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的的否定转移到主句时，其仍属，故其后的简短问句应用确信式，而非否定式。

例如：
I don't believe that he can translate this book, can he?
We don't imagine the twins have arrived, have they?
此类句子的回答同"前否后肯"型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，假设双胞胎已经到了，那么回答为"Yes, they have."；假设尚未抵达，利用"No, they haven't."。

(2)当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句那么应与主句相一致（现在，否定只看主句，与从句无关）。

例如：
Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she?
You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you?
They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?
She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?
(3)但如果是主句的时态是过去时等等，应和主句的人称时态维持一致。

better
陈述部份有had better,或其中的had表示时，应用hadn’t等开头：
You’d better get up early, hadn’t you?
其他情形句中有have时疑问句应用don't等开头
如have表示“有”的时候，有两种形式：（have 表示有可用do或have来改写）
-He has two sisters,doesn’t he? =He has two sisters, hasn’t he?
-He doesn't have any sisters,does he?
祈使句
当陈述部份是时，疑问句要依照来表达，分三种情形：
1）一样情形下用will you 或won't you。

Give me a hand, will you?
Leave all the things as they are, won’t you?
2)以Let's（听者包括在内）开头的，前肯后可肯可否，疑问句必需用shall we（shall只用于第一人称）;只有以Let us（听话人不被包括在“us”里面）或Let me开头的祈使句，问句才用will you。

Let us know the time of your arrival, will you?
Let's try again, shall we?
Let me help you, will you?
Let’s have a look on your book，shall we？
3)当陈述句是不是定的祈使句时，问句可用will you 或can you 。

. don’t make much noise, will/can you?
There be句型
There be 句型中，反义疑问部份必需为be 动词+ there
There are some apples in the basket, aren't there?
There isn't any milk left, is there?
there used to be,反义疑问句有两种形式：didn't there和usedn't there.
There used to be some cities wall, usedn't there? 或：There used to be some cities wall, didn't there?
Must
.当陈述部份有情态动词must，问句有4种情形：
（1）mustn't表示“禁止，不可，没必要”时，附加问句通常要用must.
You mustn't stop your car here, must you?
你不能把车停在这地址，明白吗？
（2）must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用needn't.
They must finish the work today, needn’t they?
他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？
（3）must be表推测,用来表示对现在的情形进行推测时，问句通常要依照must后面的动词采纳相应的形式。

He must be good at English, isn’t he? 他英语必然学得专门好，是吗？
She must be a good English teacher, isn’t she? 她必然是位优秀的英语教师，是吗？
（4）当must have done表示对过去的情形进行推测（一样句中有明确的过去），问句要依照陈述部份的情形用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”；若是强调动作的完成（一样没有明确的过去时刻状语），问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。

She must have read the novel last week, didn’t she?
她上礼拜必然读了这本小说，不是吗？
You must have told her about it, haven’t you?
你必然把这事告知她了，不是吗？
回答反意疑问句的回答：前肯后否，前否后肯，依照事实从后往前翻译。

如：
（1）They work hard,don’t they?他们尽力工作，不是吗？
Yes, they do.对,他们工作尽力。

/No, they don't.不，他们工作不尽力
（2）They don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太尽力工作，是吗？
Yes, they do. 不，他们工作尽力。

/No, they don't. 是的，他们工作不尽力
否定反义疑问句的回答
当陈述部份为确信式，为否定式时，其回答一样可不能造成困难，一样只需照情形回答即可：
"It’s new, isn’t it?" "Yes, it is." “是新的，不是吗？”“是，是新的。

”
"He wants to go, doesn’t he?" "No, he doesn’t." “他想去，不是吗？”“不，他不想去。

”
现在，"Yes"即是，对前面"It's new."的确信。

回答反义疑问句的原那么
回答反意疑问句通常应依如实际情形来确信，如有人问你You are asleep, aren’t you? 你应回答No, I’m not. 因为既然你能回答，确信你尚未asleep。

但如果是他人问你You aren’t asleep, are you?(你尚未睡着，对吗)，你也只能回答No, I’m not.(是的，尚未睡着)，而不能回答为Yes, I’m not. 也不能回答成Yes, I am.
“It is a beautiful flower，isn't it？” “It isn't a beautiful flower，is it？”
上述两句句子的回答确信均为“Yes，it is."否定为“No，it isn't."
由上述例子可知，反义疑问句回答与句子本身所包括的中文确信与否的含义并无太大关联，只需注意事实，确信即用yes，否定用no，无需考虑句子本来是前否后肯或是前肯后否。

建议在答题时，先依如实际写后面的答句，再依照前后一致原那么写Yes或No。

7口诀
反意疑问并非难，陈述疑问句中含。

前后肯否恰相反，否定词缀不能算。

主谓时态要一致，特殊情形记心田。

实际情形来回答，再把yes和no练。

综上所述，反义疑问句回答确实是按实际情形回答。

对反意疑问句的回答，不管问题的提法如何，若是事实是确信的，就用yes，事实是不是定的，就要用no。

可是，翻译成汉语意思恰好相反，这种回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。

例：—He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜爱踢足球，不是吗？
—Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的。

/ 不是。

—His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？
—Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不，她参加了。

/ 是的，她没参加。

简要总结反意疑问句19条：
(1) 陈述部份的主语是I，疑问部份要用aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
(2) 陈述部份的谓语是wish，疑问部份要用may +主语。

I wish to have a word with you, may I?
(3) 陈述部份用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部份用确信含义。

The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
(4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部份是确信的，疑问部份用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。

He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
(5) 陈述部份有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部份经常使用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。

We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
(6) 陈述部份的谓语是used to 时，疑问部份用didn't +主语或usedn't +主语。

He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
(7) 陈述部份有had better + v. 疑问句部份用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
(8) 陈述部份有would rather +v.，疑问部份多用wouldn't +主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
(9) 陈述部份有You'd like to +v. 疑问部份用wouldn't +主语。

You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
(10) 陈述部份有must 的疑问句，疑问部份依如实际情形而定。

He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
(11) 感叹句中，疑问部份用否定的助动词加sb/sth？如：
(1）What a fine day it is today！
What a fine day it is today，isn“t it？
(2）How fast he runs！
How fast he runs，doesn”t he？
(3）What a long time we have been waiting！
What a long time we have been waiting ，haven“t we？[1]
(12) 陈述部份由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部份依照其实际逻辑意义而定。

Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
(13) 陈述部份主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部份主语用it。

Everything is ready, isn't it?
(14)陈述部份为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部份有三种情形：
a. 并列复合句疑问部份，谓语动词依照临近从句的谓语而定。

Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部份谓语依照主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部份主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部份与宾语从句相对应组成反义疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
(15) 陈述部份主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部份经常使用复数they，有时也用单数he。

Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
(16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部份经常使用need (dare ) +主语。

We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部份用助动词do + 主语。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
(17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部份用will you。

Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意：Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
(18) 陈述部份是"there be"结构的，疑问部份用there省略主语代词。

There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
(19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
有些动词如：cost hurt hit put 等，它们的过去时与原型相同，在确信句中必然要先弄清楚它们是什么时态：
2(0）The skirt made of silk cost you a lot of money，（）？
't it 't you
't it 't you
句中主语是the skirt，排除B D，主语是三单，可判定cost是过去时，因此选A 。

8重点归纳
快速经历表
陈述部分的谓语疑问部分
I/主语aren't I / are I
no,nothing,nobody,never,肯定含义
few, seldom, hardly,
rarely, little等否定含义的词
含有un-,,im-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语
否定含义
时，视为肯定含义
ought to（肯定的）shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.)don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to+v.didn't +主语或usedn't +主语
had better + v.hadn't you
would rather + v.wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v.wouldn't +主语
must根据实际情况而定
be +主语
指示或
主语用it
everything,that,
nothing,this
并列复合句谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
,宾语从句
根据主句的谓语而定
主从复合句
think,believe,expect,
与宾语从句相对应的从句suppose,imagine等引导
everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need/needn't (dare/daren't )
+主语
dare, need 为实义动词do/don't +主语
省去主语的祈使句will/won't you？
Let's 开头的祈使句Shall we?
Let us 开头的Will you?
there be相应的+there(省略主语代词）
否定不能视为仍用否定形式
9其他信息
几乎各国语言中都有反义疑问句存在。

在不同的语言中，由于语言适应的不同，对反义疑问句的回答方式各有不同。

其中不外乎两种：
一、以中文为代表的反义疑问句
以中文为代表的反义疑问句包括，等。

其特点是“‘是’或‘不是’表示我同意或不同意对方说的话”如中文：你莫非不喜爱看电影么？
当回答：
不，我喜爱。

现在，说话人以为对方说得不对，因此用“不”来第一回答。

二、以英文为代表的反义疑问句
以英文为代表的反义疑问句除英文外尚有，等。

其特点是“‘是’或‘不是’表示说话人对事实的熟悉”如德语Es regnet nicht?（外面没在下雨么？）
回答：
Nein，es regnet nicht（是的，没在下雨）
说话人本人以为没在下雨，因此用表示否定的Nein事前回答
以上是各类语言中可能显现的反义疑问句的情形，在语言学习的进程中，应认真体会，确保不显现错误
反义疑问句的回答
对反意疑问句的回答，不管问题的提法如何，若是事实是确信的，就用yes，事实是不是定的，就要用no。

要专门注意陈述句部份是不是定结构，反意疑问句部份用确信式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。

这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。

例---He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜爱踢足球，是吗？---Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的。

/ 不是。

---His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？---Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不，她参加了。

/ 是的，她没参加。

简要总结反意疑问句19条：
(1) 陈述部份的主语是I，疑问部份要用aren't I. I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
(2) 陈述部份的谓语是wish，疑问部份要用may +主语。

I wish to have a word with you, may I?
(3) 陈述部份用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部份用确信含义The Swede made no answer, did he / she? Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
(4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部份是确信的，疑问部份用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。

He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
(5) 陈述部份有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部份经常使用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。

We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
(6) 陈述部份的谓语是used to 时，疑问部份用didn't +主语或usedn't +主语。

He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
(7) 陈述部份有had better + v. 疑问句部份用hadn't you? You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部份有would rather +v.，疑问部份多用wouldn't +主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
(9) 陈述部份有You'd like to +v. 疑问部份用wouldn't +主语。

You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
(10) 陈述部份有must 的疑问句，疑问部份依如实际情形而定。

He must be a doctor, isn't he? You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you? He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
(11) 感叹句中，疑问部份用be +主语。

What colours, aren't they? What a smell, isn't it?
(12) 陈述部份由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部份依照其实际逻辑意义而定。

Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
(13) 陈述部份主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部份主语用it。

Everything is ready, isn't it?
(14) 陈述部份为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部份有三种情形：a. 并列复合句疑问部份，谓语动词依照临近从句的谓语而定。

Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he? b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部份谓语依照主句的谓语而定：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部份主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部份与宾语从句相对应组成反义疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, can't she?
(15) 陈述部份主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部份经常使用复数they，有时也用单数he。

Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?) Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
(16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部份经常使用need (dare ) +主语。

We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? 当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部份用助动词do + 主语。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
(17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部份用will you。

Don't do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won't you ? 注意：Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you? Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
(18) 陈述部份是"there be"结构的，疑问部份用there省略主语代词。

There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? There will not be any trouble, will there?
(19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn't it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?。