英语语法常用词汇

English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语（一）
1．Parts of speech 词类
noun 名词 pronoun 代词 numeral 数词adjective 形容词 verb动词adverb副词article 冠词 preposition介词 conjunction连词 interjection感叹词 particle 小品词
2. Word building 构词法
conversion 转化derivation 派生affixation词缀法prefix前缀suffix后缀compound words 合成词
3．Classification of nouns 名词的分类
common nouns普通名词proper nouns 专有名词
individual nouns个体名词collective nouns 集合名词
material nouns 物质名词 abstract nouns 抽象名词
countable nouns 可数名词uncountable nouns不可数名词
the singular form 单数形式 the plural form 复数形式
the common case 普通格the possessive case 所有格
the subjective case 主格 the objective case 宾格
person 人称 third person singular 第三人称单数
4.Classification of pronouns代词的分类
personal pronouns 人称代词possessive pronouns 物主代词
self pronouns反身代词demonstrative pronouns 指示代词
interrogative pronouns 疑问代词conjunctive pronouns 连接代词
relative pronouns 关系代词reciprocal pronouns 相互代词
indefinite pronouns 不定代词
5．数词、形容词、冠词
cardinal numerals 基数词 ordinal numerals 序数词
fractional numerals 分数词 the comparative degree 比较级
the superlative degree最高级The definite article 定冠词
the indefinite article 不定冠词
6．Classification of verbs动词的分类
national verbs实义动词link-verbs系动词
auxiliary verbs助动词 modal verbs情态动词
transitive verbs 及物动词intransitive verbs 不及物动词
regular verbs 规则动词irregular verbs 不规则动词
the present forms 现在式the past forms 过去式
the participle 分词 the present participle现在分词
the past participle 过去分词the infinitive 不定式
the gerund 动名词 bare infinitive 不带to的不定式
7．Tense 时态
the present tense 一般现在时 the past tense 一般过去时
the future tense一般将来时the past future tense一般过去将来时
the present continuous现在进行时the past continuous 过去进行时
the future continuous 将来进行时 the past future continuous过去将来进行时the present perfect 现在完成时the past perfect过去完成时
the future perfect 将来完成时the past future perfect 过去将来完成时
the present perfect continuous现在完成进行时
the future perfect continuous 将来完成进行时
the past future perfect continuous 过去将来完成进行时
8．Voice 语态、Mood 语气
the passive voice 被动语态the active voice 主动语态
the indicative mood 陈述语气the imperative mood 祈使语气
the subjunctive mood 虚拟语气
9．Classification of adverbs副词的分类
adverbs of place 地点副词adverbs of time 时间副词
adverbs of degree程度副词adverbs of manner 方式副词
adverbs of frequency频度副词relative adverbs 关系副词
interrogative adverbs 疑问副词 conjunctive adverbs连接副词
10． Members of the sentence 句子成分
the subject 主语the predicate 谓语the predicative 表语the object 宾语the attribute 定语the adverbial 状语 the appositive 同位语
independent elements 成分the direct object 直接宾语
the indirect object 间接宾语 parenthesis 插入语
the double possessive 双重所有格the formal subject/object 形式主语/宾语subject complement 主语补足语 object complement 宾语补足语11．Classification of sentences句子的分类
declarative sentences 陈述句 imperative sentences 祈使句
exclamatory sentences感叹句interrogative sentences 疑问句
general questions 一般疑问句 special questions 特殊疑问句
alternative questions选择疑问句 disjunctive questions 反意疑问句
tap questions 附加疑问句 simple sentences 简单句
compound sentences 复合句 complex sentences 并列句
elliptical sentences 省略句 phrase 短语 preposition phrases 介词短语 infinitive phrases 不定式短语 the question word 疑问词
12．Clauses 从句
main clauses 主句subject clauses 主语从句
object clauses宾语从句direct speech 直接引语
indirect speech 间接引语predicate clauses 谓语从句
predicative clauses 表语从句 attributive clauses定语从句
restrictive attributive clauses 限定性定语从句theantecedent 先行词non-restrictive attributive clauses 非限定性定语从句
appositive clauses同位语从句adverbial clauses状语从句
adverbial clauses of
time/place/cause/condition/degree/result/concession/purpose/comparison /manner 时间/地点/原因/条件/程度/结果/让步/目的/比较/方式状语从句sentences of real condition真实条件句sentences of unreal condition 虚拟条件句natural word-order 自然语序inverted word-order 倒装语序
full inversion 完全倒装partial inversion 部分倒装
ellipsis 省略transformation of sentences 句型转换
analysis of sentences 句子分析
13. Punctuation 标点符号
period/full stop 句号comma 逗号semicolon分号
colon 冒号dash 破折号hyphen连字号
brackets 括号question mark 问号
quotation marks 引号apostrophe省略号
14．The pronunciation of English 英语发音
international phonetic国际音标 the sounds of English 英语语音vowels 元音pure vowels 单元音diphthongs 双元音
semi-vowel 半元音consonants 辅音nasal 鼻音
plosive 爆破音fricative磨擦音affricate 破擦音
voiced sounds浊音 voiceless 清音
length mark 长音符号stress 重读main stress 主重读音节
secondary stress 次重读音节 unstressed 非重读音节
rhythm 节奏 intonation 语调a level pitch 平调
rising tune 升调falling tune 降调。