上海牛津高一英语上U4 grammar-状语从句

地点状 Where, wherever 语从句
If（假如） , unless, as(so) long as, 条件状 provided(that) , providing (that) , 语从句 in case，once While,although, though, as,even if (though), whether..or(not),whatever, whenever, 让步状 wherever, whoever , whichever, however, 语从句 no matter what ( when, who, which, how) as （虽然、尽管）
Choose the best answers.
1. I was walking ___ B I heard a cry for help. A. while B. when C. as soon as D. until C the day went on, the weather got worse. 2. _____ A. Before B. After C. As D. While 3. I called him _____ C I got to his hometown. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. since
C all the other people left 4. He waited ______ the station.
A. after C. until B. since D. not until
5. He fell off the bike _____ B he knew what had happened. A. as soon as C. until B. before D. while
引导的原因状语从句不置于句首常用来表示顺便提及的理由只是稍带说明原因并非强调其引导的分句前常有逗号
Unit 4
状语从句的引导词
分 类 连接付词（引导词）
When, as, while, before, after, until, 时间状 since, as soon as, hardly…when---, 语从句 no sooner….than , the moment, by the time, The first time…,Every time… 原因状 Because, since, now (that) , as , 语从句 seeing…(that) , considering (that),
6. Please look after it for me _____ A I am away. A. while B. until C. as D. after 7. While his father was singing, he ______ B the piano. A. played B. was playing C. playing D. plays C 8. I saw the accident when I ______ past the museum. A. walked B. walking C. was walking D. walk
since的用法：
since表示从过去某一时间或动作、事情起到目前为止， “自….以 来”。 1. 引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时，从句中用一般 过去时。 自从他来到我们班以来,他的学习成绩提高了许多. His study has improved a lot since he came to our class. 2. 常用句型： It is (has been) … + since +一般过去时
主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形 式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用 肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。
till和until的用法比较：
till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是 在强调句型中多用until。 I didn‟t go to bed until（till） my father came back. It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.
before和after的用法比较：
1. Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me. 2. It will be four days before they come back. 3. My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 4. After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. 5. After we had finished the work, we went home
自我开始学英语已有5年了(我已学了5年英语了)。
It is five years since I began to learn English. (I have learned English for five years.)
until的用法：
1 I didn‟t go to bed until my father came back. 2 I worked until he came back. 3 I didn't work until he came back.
before & after
We need another contestant
past now
before
the show begins.
future
After
he seated her on the stage
past
now
future
a make-up artist rushed forward.
while & as
She sat on the edge… while she watched. “Right” shouted Lester as
past now future
past
now
future
the audience clapped.
when, while, as表“时间”的区别
1. when当 / 在......时(=at the time that)。 可表示瞬间、时间段，可与主从句所述动 作、事情同时发生，也可有先有后。 It was snowing when we got to the airport.
No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to start working.
2. 由each time/every time/next time/last time/every time/the first time,和whenever/no matter when引导的时间状语从句。例如： Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. Whenever that man says “To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie. No matter when she says „to tell the truth‟, I suspect that he‟s about to tell a lie.
表示时间的状语从句可由 when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as ( 或 the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time 等引导。
目的状 So that, in order that, lest（以免、唯恐） 语从句 , for fear that （以免、唯恐） 结果状 So, so that, so…that, such…that 语从句 As（按照、和---一样）, just as, as if 方式状 （似乎、好像是）=as though, 语从句 the way（---的方式） 比较状 As…as, than , not so…as, 语从句 the more….the more
since & until/till
Since
past
MP3 players were introduced in 1997
now future
people have taken them everywhere. until/till
past
we start filming.
future
now
Five minutes
3. as 当......时（强调 at the same time） ①as 不指先后，而指并相发生，尤指短暂动 作或事件同时发生： As I looked, some one came near. ②as 还可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况： As I get older, I get more optimistic. 【注意】as, when 或while都可以引导时间较 长的“背景”情况。 As / When / While I was walking down the street, I saw something strange in the sky.
【注意】hardly (scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意。 主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当 hardly, s， 主句应用倒装语序。例如： He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.
（同时发生） When he got to Shanghai, the ship had already set off.
（先后发生）
2. while正当（正在）......时（=during the time that）表示同时进行的两个延续动词 所表示的动作同时发生。 Please write while I read.（=during the time that） Some students were reading while others were writing.
Fill in the proper conjunctions.
When he comes tomorrow, I shall ask 1. _________ where he has been. 2.When ____________ / While he was speaking, everybody listened carefully. as she was getting off 3. I saw her just ______ the train. before he came 4. He had learned Chinese ______ to China.
1. 由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the second, the instant, the minute, the while 等引导的时间状语从句，这些连词都 表示“一……就”。例如： I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.