江苏省版高中英语 Unit3 Back to the past (译林牛津版必修3,9页,含精细详解

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素能提升演练(九)
必修3 Unit 3
Ⅰ、用下列句型翻译句子
1、我们图书馆里的书比您们图书馆里的书多五倍。

(倍数表达法)
____________________________________________________________________
2、她特别幸运,有一些朋友帮助她。

(inthat引导的原因状语从句)
____________________________________________________________________
3、社会实践对我们特别有帮助。

(“be+of+名词"结构)
____________________________________________________________________
4、看来,和她交朋友有点让人心烦。

(主语+be+adj、 +不定式)
____________________________________________________________________
5、妈妈不喜爱我工作到特别晚。

(v、-ing的复合结构)
____________________________________________________________________
6。

他熄了灯,什么也看不见了。

(分词短语作结果状语)
____________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ。

单项填空
1、 Tiring as it might be, the military training ________ the best opportunity to make lifelong friends。

A、is believed to beﻩﻩB。

believes as
C、is believed to beingﻩﻩ
D、believes
2。

A surprise attack was ________ at Pearl Harbor by the Japanese in 1941, which ledto the US ________ the Second World War。

A、 happened; enterﻩB、 carried out; entering
C。

occurred; enteringﻩD、 taken place; enter
3。

The puter system ________ suddenly while he was searching forinformation on the Internet、
A。

broke downﻩﻩﻩﻩB、broke out
C。

broke upﻩﻩD。

broke in
4。

I like getting up very early in summer、 The morning air is so good ________、
A。

to be breathed ﻩﻩﻩB、to breathe
C。

breathingﻩﻩﻩﻩﻩD、being breathed
5、The judges had different ideasabout the results,so it was two hours before the results were ________。

A、cried out
B、let outﻩﻩ
C、claimedﻩﻩﻩ
D、declared
6、I like listening to musicand ________。

A、 so is heﻩﻩB、 sohe is
C、 so does heﻩﻩﻩD。

so he does
7。

________ that it's verycruel to kill wild animals for mone y、
A。

It isno doubt ﻩﻩB、There is no doubt
C、It is not doubtﻩD、There is not doubt
8、 -Whatwill you do with the ________ milk in the cup?
—Iwill use it to makesteamed bread、
A、 remainingﻩﻩB。

left
C、 remainedﻩﻩﻩD。

leaving
9。

It’s certain that their only childwill ________ the bigbu siness when the couple get old。

A、 hand over ﻩﻩB、takeover
C、go over ﻩﻩ
D、 getover
10、 [2019台州模拟] A survey of China’s netizens found thatsome smokers are unwilling to kick the habit because they aren't fully ________ of the harm itdoes to health。

A、fond ﻩﻩ
B、 curiousﻩﻩﻩC。

afraidﻩﻩD、 aware
11、[2019杭州模拟]The newly-discovered star was named ________ a Ch inese astronomer________ his contributions to astronomy、
A。

for; in favour ofﻩB。

after; in honour of
C。

by; in memory of ﻩD。

as; in praiseof
12、[2019临汾模拟]It’sthe love and responsibilitythat have driven him to ________ many hardships and survive、
A、 go into ﻩB。

go through
C、look throughﻩﻩD、look into
13。

If ________in wet sand, the vegetables can remain fresh for a long time。

A、 being buried ﻩﻩB。

having buried
C、 buried ﻩﻩﻩﻩ
D、 burying
14、He always asked some challenging questions to everyone he met, ________ manypeople in Athens、
A、only toupsetﻩB。

so as to
C、 upsettingﻩﻩD。

and upsetting
15、 My family________ thatI should apply for the job, but it does n't appeal to me、
A、plained ﻩﻩB。

urged
C、 forecasted ﻩD、admitted
Ⅲ、阅读理解
(A)
When you’re surfingtheInternet onyour laptop in your d orm or at home, doyou know your personal details are being gathered secretly? And would you be surprised to know the informat ionmaybe sold cheaply to advertisers and marketers?
According to an investigation byThe Wall Street Journal, all it takesis a tiny a puter—a single code consisting of a long se ries ofnumbers and letters—to record the puter user’s age, gender,
location, favourite movies and hobbies、
The newspaper reports that Lotame Solutions Inc、 , a New York pany, uses a sophisticated(高科技的) software calleda“beacon" to capture what people are typing on a website。

Lotame packages that data into profiles aboutindividuals(个人资料), only without their names, and sellsthe profiles topaniesseeking customers、Batchesof such data may besold for a few dollars、
The WallStreet Journal survey discoveredthat spying on Inter net users is one of thefastest—growing businesseson the World Wide Web、
The“cookie”-a tiny text on your PC by websites or marketing firms whichmightbe used to remember your preferences for one site, or to track you across many sites—is already old news、Ther eare newand more plex tools such as“beacons” which scan inrealtime whatpeople are doing on a webpage、These beacons i nstantly assess the Internet user’s location, ine, shopping interests and even medical conditions、
Millions ofInternet users around the worldalso face unprece dented(空前的)threats、Private, sensitive, personal and business information is being gathered and sold without their knowledge、panies insist theinformation they gather is anonymous and the datais used harmlessly、 But the technology has grown so pow erful that even some of the biggest websites in the USdon’t know that they were installing intrusive files on visitors' puters。

These inclu de MSN。

and Yahoo。

Next time you visit a webpage and find an ad banner advertising something you’ve been planningto buy, don’tbe amazed tha t your puter can read your mind、
1、The purpose of the passageis to ______、
A、introduce a tiny a puter—a single code
B、show how your individual information was letout when you surf the Internet
C、show how to protect your privacy
D。

introduce a sophisticated software calleda “beacon”
2、Itcan be inferred that ________。

A、because the data is usedharmlessly, Internet users around the world will notface threats
B、when a person surfs theInternet, his personal details may be let outwithout his knowledge
C、your puter canreallyread your mind
D、MSN、and Yahoo。

use software to capture what people are t yping on a website
3。

According to the passage, “beacon”_________。

A、is a tiny text on your PC by websites
B、is asoftware thatcan package that datainto profiles about individuals
C、can assess the Internet user’s location, ine, shopping interests and even medical conditions
D。

is notmore plex thanthe “cookie”
4。

What’sthe writer's attitudeto this problem?
A、Neutral、ﻩﻩﻩ
B、Worried。

C、Optimistic、ﻩﻩﻩ
D、Indifferent、
(B)
[2019南京模拟]
I think it was my mother who taught me the meaning of honesty。

Not because she actually was honest, but because sh e lied all the time。

She felt that the easiest way out of any giv en situation was generally the best wayout。

And, for her, that generally meant telling “a little white lie”、 As ayoung chi
ld I thought it was kind of cool。

And, naturally, when I wouldeto herwith a concern orquestion wondering what Isho uld do, she generally advised me to lie、
“Mom, ItoldTheresathat I would go over to her house, but now I would rather go to Sue’s house to play。

"
“Tell Theresa you'resick,”she would advise、And generall yI did、 But I didn’t seemblessed with her lack of conscience、 On manypainful occasions Theresa wouldfind out that I really went to Sue’s house without her、 These occasions taught methat it is m ore painful to be caught in a lie than it is to tell the truth i n the first place。

I wondered how it was possible thatmy mothe r had never learned that lesson、
I started thinking of all the lies that I’d heard her tell、Iremembered the time she told someone that her favorite restaurant had closed, because she didn’t want to see themthere anymore。

Orthe time she told Dadthatshe loved the lawnmower(割草机) he gaveher for her birthday、Orwhen she claimed that our phone lines had been down when she was trying toexplain why she hadn't been intouchwith a friend of hersforweeks、 And what bothered me even more was all the times she had involved me into her lies、Like the timeshe told my guidance counselor(顾问) that I had tomiss school for exploratory surgery, when she really needed me to babysit。

And it even started to bother me when some people would call for her and she would ask me to tell them that she wasn’t th ere、
So, I started myown personal fight against her dishonesty。

When I answered the phone and it wassomeonemy mother didn’t wan tto talk to, I said, “Louise, mom ishere, but shedoesn’t want to talk to you、 " The first timeI did it, she punished me, but I refused to apologize、 I told her that I had deci
ded that itwas wrong to lie。

And the next time it happened I did the samething、 Finally, she approached me and said, “I agree that lying is not the best thing to do, but we need to find a way to be honest without being rude、”She admitted that her methods weren’t right, and I admitted that mine were a bit too extreme、Overthe past few years, the twoof us have worked together to be honest—and yet kind、 Honesty should mean more than not lying。

It should mean speaking the truth in kindness、Though Istarted by trying to teach my mom the importance of honesty, I ended upgaining a deeper understandingof the meaning of the term。

5、 The author's mother __________。

A。

thought white lies were not lies
B。

helped the author get outof trouble with white lies
C。

told the author to lie when she wasintrouble
D。

taught the author the importance of being honest
6、Theauthor ________、
A、was thankful to her mother’s advice
B、feltmore awkward when beingcaught lying
C、found that telling the truth hurt more than tellingalie
D、 feltguilty whenhurting people with her honesty
7、 It can be inferredthat the author’s mother ________、
A、 met her friends in the same restaurant regularly
B、 didn’t get along with the author's teachers
C。

was not popular among her friends
D、wanted to have something else for her birthday
8。

Finallytheauthor and her motheragreed that _________。

A。

kind—heartednessismore important than honesty
B、appropriate methods are the key to telling a good lie
C、 honesty is defined as kindness as well as truthfulness
D、absolute honesty is basic to good interpersonal relationships
答案解析
Ⅰ、 1、 There are five times more books in our library than in your s。

2、She is fortunateinthat she hasfriends to help her、
3、Social practice is of great help to us、
4、 Sheseems troublesome to make friends with、
5、 Mother disliked me/my working late、
6。

He turned off the light, seeing nothing、
Ⅱ、 1。

【解析】选A、考查句型be believed to do。

句意:尽管估计特别累,然而军训被认为是获得终生朋友的最佳机会。

be believed to do 表示被认为是……。

2、【解析】选B、考查动词辨析及动名词的复合结构。

carry out执行,这个地方表示进行一次突袭;lead to后应接动名词的复合结构,故选B、
3。

【解析】选A。

考查break短语辨析。

句意:当他在网上查找信息时,计算机系统突然出了故障。

break down(机器等)发生故障,(人)感情崩溃;break out(战争,灾难等)突然发生;br eak up粉碎,结束;break in强行进入,打断(谈话等)。

故答案为A、
4。

【解析】选B。

考查“adj。

+不定式"结构。

句意: 在夏季我喜爱早点起床。

能呼吸到早上的空气真好、to breathe和主语the morning air之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。

在句式“主语+ be + adj、 + to do"中,不定式要用主动形式表示被动含义。

5、【解析】选D。

考查近义动词短语辨析。

句意:法官对结果有不同的意见,因此两小时后才宣布结果。

cryout“喊出来”;let out“泄露”;claim“声称”;declare常指官方正式宣布结果,故选D项。

6。

【解析】选C。

考查倒装。

“so+助动词+主语”表示“另外的人或物也……”;“so +主语+助动词”表示“……的确如此”、句意:我喜爱听音乐,他也是。

依照句意以及前半句的谓语可知此处需要助动词does,故选C、
7。

【解析】选B。

考查固定句式there is no doubt that、、、、句意:毫无疑问为了金钱杀死野生动物特别残忍、There is no doubtthat、。

表示“毫无疑问……"、
8、【解析】选A、考查remain与leave的辨析、 remaining表示“剩下的”时,多用作前置定语,而left放在被修饰的名词后。

然而在there be结构中remaining也可放在被修饰的名词后、
9、【解析】选B。

考查动词短语辨析。

句意:当这对夫妻年老的时候,他们惟一的小孩肯定会接管他们的大企业。

hand over移交;take over接管;go over认真检查;get over克服。

10、【解析】选D。

考查形容词。

be fully aware of“充分意识到”,符合句意、句意:一项中国网民调查表明,一些吸烟者不情愿戒烟,因为他们没有充分意识到吸烟对健康的危害、
11。

【解析】选B。

考查介词短语。

be named after为固定搭配,意为“以……来命名”,i nhonour of为向……表示敬意。

12。

【解析】选B。

考查动词短语辨析、句意:是爱和责任让他度过了许多艰难困苦,并幸存下来。

go through经历,符合句意。

go into从事某职业;lookthrough浏览;look into调查。

13。

【解析】选C、考查非谓语动词、bury和the vegetables是被动关系,故用过去分词。

ifburied相当于if they are buried。

句意:假如被埋在湿沙里,蔬菜会长时间保鲜的。

14、【解析】选C。

考查现在分词作结果状语。

句意:他常提问他遇到的每一个人一些有挑战性的问题,让雅典的许多人特别烦恼、现在分词作结果状语常表示意料之中的情况。

15、【解析】选B。

考查动词辨析。

句意:我的家人极力主张我去申请那份工作,但我却对此不感兴趣。

urge表示“极力主张,强烈要求"时接that引导的宾语从句,从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should+动词原形。

Ⅲ、【文章大意】经常上网的人估计都遇到过如此的情况:浏览网页(surfing the Internet)时总是跳出一些广告,内容还都是您最近想买的商品。

别误会,您的电脑还没智能到能读明白您的想法——是您的个人隐私被出卖啦!赶快来看看是如何一回事吧!
1、【解析】选B。

主旨大意题。

本文讲述上网时,您的个人信息被别人收集同时被出售。

故选择B项。

2、【解析】选B。

推理判断题。

依照文章第一段以及下文可知,当一个人上网时,他的信息有估计在自己不明白的情况下被别人所泄露或出售。

3。

【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

依照第六段“These beacons instantly assess t heInternet user’s location, ine, shoppinginterests and even medicalconditions。

”可知选C项、依照第六段“The“cookie”—a ti ny text on your PC bywebsites。

、、”可知A错误。

依照第四段“Lot
ame packages that data into profiles about individuals。

、、 "
可知B错误。

依照第六段“There are new and moreplex tools such as “b
eacons。

”可知D错误。

4、【解析】选B。

推理判断题、依照文章倒数第三段“Millionsof Internet us
ers around the world also face unprecedented threats。

Private, sensitive, personal and business information is being gathered a
nd soldwithout their knowledge、"可知,作者指出互联网用户面临着空前的威胁。

因此,能够推断作者对这个问题特别担心。

因此选B。

【文章大意】由于母亲经常撒谎,并经常教作者撒谎。

从中作者学到了诚实的真谛。

5。

【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

依照第一段最后一句(she generally advised me to lie)可知C项正确、善意的谎言也是谎言,故A项错误。

作者的妈妈建议作者撒谎,但有时
后来会被对方揭穿,作者此时会感到特别痛苦,因此撒谎并不能使作者摆脱困境。

不是妈妈教
会作者诚实的重要性的,是作者想教会妈妈诚实的重要性,这从最后一段中的teachmy mom the importance of honesty可知、
6。

【解析】选B。

推理判断题。

依照第三段中的These occasions taught methat it is more painful to be caught in a lie than it is to tell the tru
th in the first place、可知作者的谎言被揭穿时,她感到比当初说真话要痛苦
得多,这与B项意思一致,即感到特别尴尬。

作者吸取撒谎的教训后,决定不再撒谎,因此A项
错误,C项与B项矛盾,D项并不是作者的观点,作者认为诚实特别重要。

7。

【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

依照第四段开头的all thelies that I'dheard her tell可知接下来作者举的例子都是说明妈妈是如何撒谎的。

其中提到,她喜爱爸爸送给她
的生日礼物-—割草机、既然这是谎言,说明妈妈事实上不喜爱割草机,想要其他的生日礼物。

8。

【解析】选C。

推理判断题。

C项与原文最后一段中的Honesty should mean more th
an notlying、It shouldmean speaking thetruth in kindness、意思一致、。

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