一般过去时-六年级英语知识点
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一般过去时(小学)
一、定义
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
如:
She ate three apples yesterday. 昨天她吃了三个苹果。
I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。
My father was very busy last week.我父亲上周很忙。
2.表示过去经常或过去反复发生的动作(也可与often,always等频率副词连用)。
如:
He always got up very early when he was young.年轻的时候,他每天总是起得很早。
!
二、谓语形式:动词的过去式
(1)She was a student two years ago. 两年前她是一个学生。
(这件事情已经过去了,所以be动词is要用过去式was)
(2)they were students two years ago. 两年前他们/她们是学生。
(这件事情已经过去了,所以be动词are要用过去式were)
(3) Ann washed her clothes last night. 安昨晚洗了她的衣服。
(这件事情已经过去了,所以动词wash要用过去式washed)
(4) I did my homework promptly. 我及时地完成了作业。
)
(这件事情已经过去了,所以动词do要用过去式did)
三、句子结构:(a)be 动词的过去式句型: (b)动词过去式句型:
(a)be 动词的过去式句型:
1.肯定句:主语+be 动词(was , were)+其他,如:
She was a student two years ago. 两年前她是一个学生。
2.否定句:主语+be not(was not, were not)+其他,如:
She was not a student two years ago. 两年前她不是一个学生。
3.一般疑问句:Be动词(Was/Were)+主语+其他
@
肯定回答为“Yes,主语+was/were”,否定回答为“No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t”。
如:
Was she a student two years ago 两年前她是一个学生吗
肯定回答:Yes, she was. 否定回答:No, she wasn’t
4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(顺序)
—Where were you yesterday 你昨天在哪儿—I was at home. 我在家里。
(b)动词过去式句型:
1.肯定句:主语+ 动词的过去式+其他,如:
She ate three apples yesterday. 昨天她吃了三个苹果。
:
2.否定句:主语+did not+动词原形+其他,如:
She did not eat three apples yesterday. 昨天她没吃三个苹果。
3.一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答为“Yes,主语+did”,否定回答为“No,主语+didn’t”如:
Did she eat three apples yesterday 昨天她吃了三个苹果吗
肯定回答:Yes, she did. 否定回答:No, she didn’t.
4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(顺序)
—What did Li Lei do last weekend李雷上周末干什么了
&
—He visited his grandparents. 他去看了他的祖父母。
(注意:wasn’t是was not 的缩写,weren’t是were not 的缩写,didn’t是did not 的缩写。
)
记忆:动词一般过去时,表示过去发生事。
谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志。
否定形式很简单,主语之后didn’t添,谓语动词要还原。
疑问构成有规则,主语前面加did。
四、常用的时间状语
yesterday 昨天two days ago 两天前long ago 很久以前in 1989 在1989年a moment ago 刚才
^
just now 刚才last+ week(year,night,month)上一周(去年,昨晚,上个月)
过去式的构成:be动词和实义动词过去式的构成:
⑴系动词be 的过去式有两种形式:was 和were。
其中was是am和is的过去式,were是are的过去式。
⑵规则动词过去式的构成(变化规则):
①一般情况下,动词词尾加—ed。
如:walk→walked play→played work→worked want→wanted
act→acted …
②以不发音的e结尾的动词,末尾只加—d 。
如:love→loved decide→decided live→lived
,
move→moved taste→tasted hope→hoped use→used
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先将y变为i,再加—ed。
如:study→studied carry→carried copy→copied cry→cried empty→emptied
④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写该辅音字母,再加—ed。
如:stop→stopped
plan→planned
规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆:
过去式构成有规律,一般词尾加—ed 如果词尾有个e(不发音的),只需直接加上—d。
“辅音字母+y”在词尾,变y为i加—ed 。
“一辅重闭”作尾巴,双写之后加—ed 。
!
(3)不规则动词的过去式的变化规律(见课本P69)
送给孩子们三句话,一生受益!
第一句话:不要以为小,就不想努力跑
第二句话:世界上最厉害的不是钱袋,而是脑袋
第三句话:学习上吃苦,一辈子受补
$
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!
随堂练习:
一.写出下列动词的过去式。
[
is ________ _______ ________ _______ ’’t________ ________ _______ _______ _______ 13 stop _______14
二.用适当的词完成下列对话。
1.— How was your weekend — It ______ great.
— What _______ you ______ last weekend — I _______ some homework.
2.— What ______ she ______ last weekend — She _______ to the beach.
3.— What _______ they do last weekend — They ________ to the movies.
三.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
》
1. We _________ (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.
____________ (study) for the English test last Sunday.
you ______ (go) to the Great Wall last year
4. What day _______ (be) it yesterday
old man _______(be)ill and went to see a doctor.
________ (have) a party last night.
__________ (visit) the museum and went home.
8.— How _______ (be) the students — They were very friendly.
¥
often_______(have)supper at home. Today he ______ (have) supper at school.
had great fun _______ (play) in the water.
made me ______ (feel) very happy.
he _______(have) lunch at nine-No, he didn’t.
_________(buy) a guitar yesterday.
四.句型转换。
1. He came here last month. (改为否定句)
He _______ _______ here last month.
2..They played football this morning. (改为一般疑问句并作简略回答) —______ they _______ football this morning
—Yes, they _______./No, they _________ .
went to Beijing last year. (就划线部分提问)
_________ _________ they ________ last year.
watched TV last night. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ Tom _______ TV last night
does homework every day. (用 last night 改写句子)
Mary ________ ____________ _________ ________ .。