王晓农翻译理论与实践2 Lecture Seven

G.中国将向海啸受灾国增加5亿元援助。 China to give 5 00m. yuan more to the Indian Ocean tsunami-hit countries. (Logical S-P; N + V2)
H.暴雨成灾, 排水不畅, 立交桥下积水达一米。
Flood one meter deep under the overpass caused by torrents of rain and not well working drainage system. (Logical S-P; N + Ad)
NP vs Logical S-P structure (i.e. nominative absolute construction)
Nominative absolute construction (NAC) can serve as the subject or object, besides the more common adverbial in a sentence
Notice the structure underlying the English versions A. 中国社会科学院鸟瞰图。 A bird’s eye view of Social Sciences and Humanities Academy of China. (NP) 退休工人们退而不休，参加丰富多彩的文化活动。 Retired workers’ manifold culture delights. (NP)
2. Structure of noun phrase
Noun Phrase
Determ. modi. pre-modi. Head
Nouns Pronouns
Adjectives Numerals
PostPrep. Ps Non-finite
Relative NP Adjs or
Determiners Adj. Ps Numerals Nouns clauses (a few, Geni. Ps clauses the, two, etc ) phrases
Dictation: Its Past and Present in Language Teaching and Test
从历史和现实的角度看我国英语教学
ELT in China: From a Historical Perspective to a Practical Perspective
(4)两国经贸领域的互补性很强，双方可以彼此 分享巨大的市场。 The fact that the two countries are highly complementary in economic and trade areas makes it possible for them to share each other’s huge market. The two countries highly complementary in economic and trade areas makes …
闲人免进 staff only ! / authorized persons only! 社会车辆禁止入内 authorized vehicles only !
B: No + N-p (+Vd2) / Vg-phrase 请勿涂鸦 No scribbling on the walls (vandalism) 市区不得鸣笛 No honking / No horn (in the urban area)
C. N + Vg / Vd2 / adv. 员工停车场 Staff Parking
D. N: 1) or 2) or 3) 危险: 禁止合闸 Danger: No Closing Circuit E. Vg / Vg-phrase 禁止靠近 Approaching Prohibited F. Vd2 (+ad) / adj. 游人止步 Closed to visitors
D. 从直升飞机上看到的青岛高新开发区。 Qingdao City High-Tech Development Zone, seen from a helicopter (N+V-ed2)
E. 烟台ABC宾馆：离海边只举步之遥，向您提供商 务---休闲活动的一流设施。 Yantai ABC Hotel: Located within easy walking distance of the seafront, and offering superb facilities for business and relaxation. (N: Pm) F. 一求职者在接受有关其工作经历的面试。 A job-hunter being interviewed regarding his work experiences. (Logical S-P)
4. Block Language （标题式语言） 4.1 Signs (公示语 / 揭示语)
The commonly used structures in minor sentences of signs are as follows: (7) A: Noun / noun phrase (+ Pm) 凭票入内 Admission by Ticket Only
(5)在不到一个月的时间里，有这么多新型汽车推向市场， 超过以前5年的总和，创下我国汽车业的记录。
That so many new car models were introduced in less than one month, surpassing the total of the previous five years, establishes a record in the history of China’s auto industry. So many new car models introduced in less than one month, …, establishes a record in the history of China’s auto industry.
1. Distinction: major and minor sentences
On the syntactic level, sentences (simple or multiple) which conform to the regular patterns of clause structures [S + Finite Verb P + (O) +(C) + (A)] may be defined as major sentences; minor sentences do not conform to the regular clause pattern.
Translation Theory & Practice (2)
Course No. 1400142
Lecture Seven Application of Minor Sentences to C-E Translation
Lecturer:
Lecture Seven Application of Minor Sentences to C-E Translation
G. Not + n / prep-p 非饮用水 Not Drinking Water F. Not + V2 请勿倾倒 Not to be Tipped 禁止在居民区使用 Not to be Used in Residential Area
Principle: functional equivalence between the Chinese signs and their English versions; Consistency and conciseness. Advisable: to adopt English versions in accordance with internationally accepted expressions, if any.
B. 山东烟台一家化工厂的车间。 Workshop at a Yantai, Shandong, chemical factory. (N + Pm)
C. 某国家森林公园, 天然的氧吧, 是绿色健身、休 闲度假的旅游胜地 。 X National Forest Park, a natural oxygen bar and a green resort for tourists to enjoy vacation, relaxation, and body-building activities. (N + Ap)
But:
(3) 一个身材矮小、脸蛋圆胖，乡巴佬似的中年 人。 A bumpkin of a short, middle-aged man with chubby cheeks. cf. 一个有魄力、饱经沧桑、毫不气馁的人。 A tough, abrasive, and resilient person.
I.在邵逸夫科学馆的庭院里，在中华民族最伟 大的思想家和教育家孔子塑像前大家合影留念。 Posing for a group photo to mark the occasion before a statue of Confucius, the greatest thinker and educator of the Chinese nation, on the grounds of Sir .Run Run Shaw Hall of Science. (Logical (S)-P; V-ing P)
4.2 Titles of academic works (学术著作标
题)
(8)A. Na : Nb (Na indicating a general subject; Nb indicating a specific area or areas or treatment) 英语教学与测试中听写手段的回顾与发展
To conclude this part, let’s discuss how to translate the following caption
参加山东大学建校一百周年庆典的省部级以上领导 及校友在主席台前排就座。 Leaders and alumni at or above the provincial and ministerial level sitting/ seated in the front row on the rostrum for the ceremony to celebrate the centenary / the centennial (anniversary) / the 100th anniversary of the founding of Shandong University.
Advs
[Simple NP & Complex NP]
Compare:
(1) 适用家庭的款式新颖的低价位小型轿车。 Low-priced small cars of new models suitable for family use.
(2) 一个集生产、贸易、旅游、娱乐于一身的亚 洲第一汽车城。 An international auto city incorporating auto manufacture, trade, tourism, and recreation which is the biggest auto base in Asia.
3. Caption to pictureห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ (图片说明):
Minor sentence forms used to translate captions for immediate information conveyed by what is presented in the picture.