一个全面掌握动词短语的记忆方法

动词是词类乃至整个语法的的重点，其中动词短语更是英语学习的重点及难点，同时也是高考的考点，在各种题型中均为超高频出现在试题中，下面根据动词后的小品词
（up,down,in,out,on,off,over,away）所涵盖的意思，总结动词短语的规律，以便在英语学习中达到汉语中‘识字不识字，先识半个字’的境界。

具体：
1，在每个部分找出自己最熟悉或者最理解的短语，并根据该短语助记总体意思；
2，熟记动词本身所具有的全部意思；
3，重点根据小品词在该项中的总体意思结合动词本身的意思，理解自己最不理解和不熟悉的短语；
4，脱离汉语，只看英语动词短语，并放到具体句子和场景中认识动词短语；
5，目标是做到以后见到听到认识，举一反三，最终能够自己主动的自由运用于写作！
6，注意有些短语意义很接近,这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的用法。

1.up
1)向上（toward or into a higher position）
lift climb come stand pick draw grow hand put send rise look zip hold pile dig take build set
lift~举起climb~爬上come~上升get~起来stand~站起来pick~检起draw~升起grow~长大hand~拖起put~举起send~使上升rise~升起look~抬起头zip~拉上hold~举起pile~堆起dig~挖出take~拿起build~树立set~建立
2)完成，结束(expressing completeness and finality)
finish drink eat burn wash use fill pay settle lick sum open end let draw close swallow beat cover break wind
finish~完成drink~喝干eat~吃光burn~烧光wash~洗净use~用光fill~装满pay~付清settle~解决lick~舔净sum~总结，open~透露end~结束let~中止,减少draw~停止close~停止，关闭swallow~吞没beat~痛打cover~掩盖break~结束，分解wind~结束
3)离开，消灭(expressing separation and destroy)
Break cut split divide smash blow wither tear give fold dry crack clutter litter
break~拆开，驱散cut~切碎split~分裂divide~分割smash~捣毁blow~炸毁wither~枯死tear~撕碎give~放弃fold~垮台dry~枯竭，干涸crack~撞坏clutter~使散乱litter~乱丢杂物
4)增加，变强(to a state of greater activity,force,strength,power and degree) Tip：增加是数量上的增加，变强是程度上的变强。

mount pick turn shake steam stir ease warm speak heat total tense gather speed screw build show cheer stir work
(1).mount~增加pick~振作，加快pluck~振作turn~开打，开大,出现shake~震惊steam~使发怒stir~激起，搅起ease~放松warm~兴奋speak~大声说heat~变热total~加总tense~紧张gather~收集speed~加速screw~振作build~增大show~显现cheer~振作起来stir~刺激work~激动，刺激
(2).用在带"-en"后缀的动词后（used after the verbs with suffix of-en）
brighten fatten freshen harden sharpen smarten strengthen sweeten tighten toughen soften
brighten~发亮fatten~发胖freshen~使新鲜harden~变硬sharpen~变快smarten~变精明strengthen~加强sweeten~变甜tighten~使紧密toughen~使强壮soften~变软
5).变好，改善(as to be better and proper)
bring check clear clean do patch polish light tune tidy rub train make buy figure fix take
bring~抚育check~核对clear~清理，晴天clean~整理do~整理patch~修理polish~擦亮,改进light~点亮tune~调整tidy~整理rub~擦亮train~训练，培养make~化装,和解,弥补buy~囤积figure~计算fix~修理,整理take~从事
6)关住，锁紧，固定住(firmly,tightly and closely)
shut lock tie chain nail fasten pin bind bar block choke save store stock cover wrap lay hold keep
shut~关闭lock~锁住tie~栓住chain~锁住nail~钉住fasten~系住pin~钉住bind~装订bar~关住block~堵塞choke~堵塞save~存起来store~贮藏stock~储存cover~掩盖wrap~包住lay~储存hold~延误keep~坚持
7)向说话人的方向（to the place where the speaker is）
go~run~rush~drive~walk~catch~swim~march~come~
2.down
1)向下的位置（to or into a lower position）
Cast cut get hand knock lay let pour pull set sit step throw turn take blow bring hang sink slip squat swallow stoop splash touch bend bow kneel Lie strip
cast~扔下cut~砍倒get~下来hand~传下来knock~撞倒lay~放下let~放下pour~倾盆而下pull~拉下set~放下sit~坐下step~走下来throw~扔下turn~拆下take~取下blow~吹倒bring~打倒hang~垂下sink~沉落slip~失足squat~蹲下swallow~吞下stoop~伏身splash~飞溅而下touch~降落bend~弯下bow~鞠躬kneel~跪下lie~躺下strip~脱下
2)减少（强度，量和体积）(a decrease in intensity,amount,bulk)
Dwindle die go mark hold burn slow burn wash clean rub bring keep trim water thin run wear come knock
dwindle~减少die~变弱，逐渐停止go~平静下来mark~削减hold~压低burn~(火)减弱,烧坏slow~慢下来burn~烧掉wash~冲淡clean~弄干净rub~擦干净bring~降低keep~缩减trim~裁减water~冲淡thin~减少run~用光衰弱wear~削减，磨损come~下跌knock~降价
3)停止，减弱(to a state of less activity,force,strength and power)
Close drop break run settle cool turn die lay put
close~关闭drop~突然停止break~坏了，中止run~停止settle~平静下来cool~冷静下来turn~拒绝die~停止lay~失望put~镇压
4)紧紧地，牢牢地(firmly,tightly)
fasten chain clamp nail pin hammer tie bind draw
fasten~系牢chain~链住，栓住clamp~夹住nail~钉住pin~扣牢hammer~钉上tie~栓住bind~捆绑draw~停下来
5)写下，记下(on paper or in writing)
Write copy note take put get have
write~写下copy~抄下note~记下take~记下put~记下get~记下have~写下
on 1)继续(continuously)
carry~drive~fight~hold~keep~live~sleep~sing~walk~go~hurry~move~read~follow~stru ggle~insist~坚持
2)连上，固定住，(in or into a state of being connected)
Act catch come count draw fasten fit get paste turn switch pin put try pull hang build leave take rely depend
act~对…起作用catch~抓牢come~跟随count~依赖draw~带上，穿上fasten~纠缠，抓牢fit~固定get~接近paste~粘住turn~打开switch~打开pin~钉住put~穿上try~试穿pull~穿上hang~不挂断build~建立于leave~留住take~穿下rely~依靠depend~依靠
3)向前，向上(forward,onward)
Add mark paint press pass send stamp get hand
add~加上mark~标上paint~漆上press~向前pass~传递send~转送stamp~盖章于get~上车hand~传送
4)开始某活动(in or into an active operation)
Work fall hit bring get look call figure fix get pick plan decide reflect remark settle spur urge
work~从事fall~攻击hit~突然向起bring~引起get~取得进展look~旁观,观看call~拜访figure~打算,希望fix~决心get~进步,友好相处pick~批评plan~打算decide~决定
reflect~思考,反思remark~评论，议论settle~决定spur~鼓励urge~督促
4.off
1)离开(indicating departure)
blow drive get lift make move pack see ship start send call let take touch give clear carry
blow~吹掉drive~击退get~下车，动身lift~离开地面make~逃走move~离去pack~打发走see~送行ship~运往start~动身send~送行，解雇call~叫走let~放出take~起飞touch~发射give~发出clear~走开carry~夺走
2)去掉，断开(indicating removal or disconnection)
cut tear take chip come cross drop fall flick peel pull rub scrape shave wash shake throw rip turn strip swith take shut wear go break
cut~切断tear~扯掉take~拿走chip~切下come~脱落cross~除去drop~跌落fall~脱落
flick~弹掉peel~剥掉pull~撕开rub~擦掉scrape~挂去shave~剃去wash~洗掉shake~抖落throw~扔开rip~扯开turn~关掉strip~脱去switch~关掉take~脱掉shut~关掉wear~磨损go~爆炸break~中断
3)完成，停止(indicating completion)
finish pay break send leave pass sign wear write bring call lay
finish~结束pay~付清break~停止，中断send~结束leave~停止pass~终止，停止sign~停止播音wear~消失，write~注销，购销bring~完成call~取消lay~停止,解雇
4)着地(down to the ground)
fall jump knock slip
fall~落下jump~跳下knock~击倒slip~滑倒
5.in
1)进入，向里(into,inside,indoors)
barge beat break breathe burst drop fall get knock lead let move step settle smuggle cut call draw intervene involve
barge~闯入beat~打进break~闯入,插嘴breathe~吸入burst~闯入，打断drop~偶然拜访fall~跌入get~插入，收进knock~打入lead~导入let~进入，嵌入move~迁入step~走进settle~迁入smuggle~偷偷运进cut~插嘴call~来访draw~（火车）进站intervene~介入involve~卷入
2)包围，关闭(to be surrounded,or enclosed)
close lock shut wall
close~包围，封闭lock~禁闭shut~关进wall~围住
3)加入，记入(to be added,or included)
book check count fill hand take send
book~登记check~签到count~记入fill~填入hand~交上take~吸收send~呈交
6.out
1)向外（away from the inside,outside）
keep take put come bring bar breathe eat get go lay lock look move point pour pull ship stick spit beat knock dine drive leak draw see draw let
keep~使在外take~拿出put~放出，伸出come~长出，bring~拿出bar~关在外breathe~呼吸出eat~出去吃get~弄出go~出去lay~摆开，展示lock~关在外面look~向外看move~搬出point~指出pour~诉说pull~拉出ship~运出stick~伸出spit~吐出beat~敲出knock~敲出dine~外出吃饭drive~驾车外出leak~漏出draw~拉出see~送出门去draw~出站let~放出,释放
2)结束，消失，取消(to or at an end,not to be there or not to exist)
burn clear dust fade put run use give comb kick wipe die rub blot blow bleach carry leave see go come cut hold sell tire wear
burn~烧尽，烧断clear~清除dust~清除fade~消失put~扑灭run~用完use~耗尽give~耗尽comb~淘汰kick~逐出wipe~消灭die~灭绝rub~擦掉blot~除去blow~吹熄bleach~漂白carry~完成，执行leave~省去see~完成go~熄灭come~罢工，结果cut~删去，停止hold~坚持到底sell~买完tire~筋疲力尽wear~磨损
3)大声（in a loud voice,aloud）
sing cry shout call spell speak scream read yell sob burst
sing~cry~shout~call~，喊，申斥spell~speak~scream~read~yell~sob~burst~咆哮
4)分发，传开(to a number of people or in all directions)
give spread set hand share divide call start send break serve drop
give~分发spread~传开set~出发hand~分发share~分配divide~分配call~出动start~出发send~发送break~爆发，逃脱serve~分发口粮drop~离开,退出
5)搞清，弄明白(in or into notice and clearness)
find figure make count come catch carry bear bring fill write
find~找出figure~算出，解决make~弄清count~点清come~出版，出现catch~看出carry~完成，bear~证明bring~发表，说出fill~使完全,添满write~写出
7.over
1)向下(downwards from an upright position)
knock turn fall trip bend look
knock~撞倒turn~翻转fall~脸朝下跌倒trip~拌倒bend~伏身look~从…上面看
2)自始至终，通过,重复(from beginning to end,through,again and again)
look think see run talk call read go do glance skip ponder
look~调查think~考虑see~查看run~匆匆看talk~商量call~点名read~读一遍go~复习do~重复glance~浏览skip~略过ponder~思考
3)向上，向外，(indicating motion upwards or outwards)
run spill boil throw
run~溢出spill~溢出boil~因沸溢出throw~呕吐。