英语阅读理解带翻译

英语阅读理解带翻译
Decoding the Secrets of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs
Hieroglyphs are an ancient writing system used by the Egyptians thousands of years ago. These pictorial symbols were carved into stone walls or written on papyrus scrolls. For centuries, hieroglyphs remained a mystery to archaeologists and historians, as their meaning and pronunciation was lost over time. However, in 1799, a discovery made by a French soldier paved the way for the decipherment of hieroglyphs.
During the French campaign in Egypt, a soldier named Pierre-Francois Bouchard found the Rosetta Stone, a large rock inscribed with three scripts: Greek, hieratic, and demotic. The Greek inscription provided the key to understanding hieroglyphs. This monumental discovery allowed scholars to eventually decipher the hieroglyphic system.
The English linguist and Egyptologist Jean-Francois Champollion played a crucial role in deciphering hieroglyphs. Using the Rosetta Stone as a guide, he focused on the Greek text and compared it to the hieroglyphs. He realized that certain hieroglyphs corresponded to the sounds of Greek words. By connecting the ancient Egyptian writing system to a known language, Champollion was able to unlock the secrets of hieroglyphs and bring ancient Egyptian history to life.
Hieroglyphs are a complex writing system with over 700 different symbols. They can represent objects, concepts, or sounds. Some symbols are phonetic, representing the sounds of the Egyptian
language. Others are logographic, representing complete words or phrases. Additionally, there are determinative hieroglyphs that provide context and clarify the meaning of other symbols.
Unlocking the meaning of hieroglyphs has allowed historians to gain a deeper understanding of the ancient Egyptians. Through these symbols, we now know about their religious beliefs, daily life, and communication methods. Hieroglyphs have also revealed valuable information about Egypt's rich history, including the reign of pharaohs, the construction of pyramids, and the role of women in society.
Learning to read hieroglyphs is like solving a puzzle. Each symbol has its own meaning, but together, they form a coherent message. It requires careful observation and knowledge of grammar and vocabulary. Today, many universities offer courses in Egyptology that teach the basics of hieroglyphs.
Deciphering hieroglyphs has brought the past back to life. It has allowed us to discover and appreciate the wonders of ancient Egypt. Through the efforts of archaeologists, historians, and linguists, we can now understand the remarkable civilization that existed thousands of years ago.
对古埃及象形文字的解密
古埃及象形文字是数千年前埃及人使用的古老书写系统。

这些图画符号被刻在石墙上或写在纸草卷轴上。

几个世纪以来，古代埃及文字一直是考古学家和历史学家的一个谜团, 因为它们的含义和发音随着时间的流逝而丢失。

然而，1799年，一位
法国士兵的发现为解密象形文字铺平了道路。

在法国入侵埃及期间，一个名叫皮埃尔-弗朗索瓦·布夏尔的士
兵发现了罗塞塔石，一块巨大的岩石上刻有三种文字: 希腊语、神圣文字和民众文字。

希腊语碑文提供了理解象形文字的关键。

这一重大发现使学者们最终能够解密象形文字系统。

英国语言学家和埃及学家让-弗朗索瓦·尚普利翁在解密象形文
字方面发挥了关键作用。

他以罗塞塔石为指南，专注于希腊文本并将其与象形文字进行比较。

他意识到某些象形文字对应希腊单词的发音。

通过将古埃及书写系统连接到一种已知的语言上，尚普利翁能够揭开象形文字的秘密, 并让古埃及历史重见
天日。

象形文字是一个复杂的书写系统, 共有700多个不同的符号。

它们可以代表物体、概念或声音。

一些符号是语音的, 代表埃
及语的音素。

其他一些是表示完整单词或短语的字形符号。

此外, 还有确定性象形文字，提供背景和澄清其他符号的含义。

解密象形文字的意义使历史学家能够更深入地了解古代埃及人。

通过这些符号，我们现在了解到他们的宗教信仰、日常生活和交流方式。

象形文字还揭示了有关埃及丰富历史的宝贵信息，包括法老的统治、金字塔的建造以及女性在社会中的角色。

学习阅读象形文字就像解谜一样。

每个符号都有自己的含义，但它们在一起形成了一条连贯的信息。

它需要仔细观察和对语法和词汇的了解。

今天，许多大学提供埃及学的课程，教授象
形文字的基础知识。

解密象形文字给过去注入了生机。

它使我们能够发现和欣赏古埃及的奇迹。

通过考古学家、历史学家和语言学家的努力，我们现在可以理解几千年前存在的卓越文明。