外研版英语讲义8下M5
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8下M5U1
1、It's time to watch a cartoon.到看动画片的时间了。
(教材第34页)
It’s time to do sth.意为“该做某事了;到做某事的时间了”,与It’s time for sth.同义。
It's time to have breakfast. = It’s time for breakfast.该吃早饭了。
It's time for us to go home.我们该回家了。
2、He can fly through the sky and fight bad people.
他能在空中飞并与坏人战斗。
(教材第34页)
Go across the bridge, and you'll find the park. 穿过这座桥,你就会找到公园。
There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。
(2)fight此处用作及物动词,意为“与……战斗;反对”,可直接跟宾语。
They fought their enemies bravely,他们勇敢斗敌。
[拓展]fight作不及物动词,意为“战斗,打架,斗争,争论”。
常见搭配:
fight against sb.与某人开战
fight with sb.与某人争论/打架
fight over/about sth.争论某事
fight for sth.为某事而斗争
They fought against the enemy fiercely. 他们猛烈地还击敌人。
She was always fighting with her neighbour about the fence.
她和她的邻居总是因为栅栏的事而争吵。
He fought for freedom all his life.他一生为自由而战。
3、That’s cool.那很酷。
(教材第34页)
cool此处用作形容词,意为“时髦的;酷的”,多用来指某人或某物时髦、漂亮或与众不同。
You look pretty cool with that new haircut.你新剪的发型看起来真酷。
It's a cool movie.那部电影真棒。
[拓展]cool作形容词,还意为“凉爽的;凉快的;(情绪等)沉着的;冷静的”。
Let's sit under the tree and keep cool.让我们坐在树下乘凉吧。
He tried to keep cool.他尽量保持冷静。
4、He keeps fighting bad people.他不断与坏人作斗争。
(教材第34页)
keep doing sth.意为“不断做某事,反复做某事”,表示持续不断地做某事。
动作是主语本身发出来的。
He kept working all day.他一整天都在工作。
He kept asking us to remember the importance of teamwork,他不断叫我们记住团队合作的重要性。
[拓展]keep sb. doing sth,意为“让某人做某事”,keep在这里有“使……处于某状态”之意,doing的动作不是主语来完成,而是由宾语sb.来完成的。
I keep them waiting at the gate. 我让他们在大门口等候。
5、That's a real hero!那才是真正的英雄!(教材第34页)
hero可数名词,意为“英雄,男主角”,其复数形式为heroes。
They are all national heroes.他们都是民族英雄。
The hero of the novel is a ten-year-old boy. 这部小说的主人公是个十岁的男孩。
[拓展]初中阶段常见的以o结尾,复数形式加-es 的名词有:
hero英雄,男主角tomato西红柿
potato马铃薯,土豆
[助记]英雄(hero)爱吃西红柿(tomato)和土豆(potato),真有意思(-es)。
6、I don't think we agree.我想我们想法不一样。
(教材第34页)
否定前移I don't think...是一个否定前移的句式。
当I/We think/believe/suppose/expect...后接含有not 的否定句时,该否定应移至主句,即否定主句的谓语动词。
这种语法现象叫“否定前移”。
I don't think he is right.我认为他是不对的。
I don't believe he will come.我相信他不会来。
[注意]
(1)构成否定前移须同时具备以下三个条件:
①主句是一般现在时态;
②主句的主语是第一人称(I或we);
③主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect 等。
(2)涉及前移的只是not,除not以外:的其他否定词,如no, never, hardly, few, little, seldom 等,不前移。
I believe my brother has never been late for school.我相信我的弟弟上学从不迟到。
7、I like humorous cartoons.我喜欢幽默的动画片。
(教材第34页)
humorous形容词,意为“幽默的;滑稽的”,可修饰事物,也可修饰人。
My daughter likes to listen to humorous stories. 我女儿喜欢听幽默的故事。
She is a humorous writer.她是一位幽默的作家。
[助记]
humor 名词幽默
humorous形容词幽默的
8、I can't help laughing when I watch them!看它们的时候我就忍不住发笑!(教材第34页)(1)can't help doing sth.意为“忍不住做某事,情不自禁地做某事”。
When he heard the news, he couldn’t help crying.听到这个消息时,他禁不住哭了起来。
She couldn’t help smiling.她忍不住笑了。
Don't laugh at others.不要嘲笑别人。
She smiled her thanks. 她微微一笑表示感谢。
The two girls are smiling at the camera.这两个女孩正在对着照相机微笑。
9、Sometimes they protect each other and work together.
有时它们相互保护、通力合作。
(教材第34页)
protect及物动词,意为“保护”。
常与介词from搭配,构成短语protect sb. from sth.,意为“保
护……免受……的伤害”,protect后的宾语是被保护的对象。
He tried his best to stop/prevent her (from)going to the south, but he failed.
他尽自己最大努力阻止她去南方,但失败了。
In order to keep her from going out, he locked the door.为了阻止她外出,他把门锁上了。
10、I think there's a lesson there!我想那里有值得学习的东西!(教材第34页)
lesson可数名词,此处意为“经验;教训”,常与to sb.连用,表示“对某人来说是一个教训”。
teach sb. a lesson意为“给某人一个教训”,为固定搭配。
Let this be a lesson to you.你要以此为鉴。
The accident taught me a lesson.那次事故给了我一个教训。
[拓展]lesson腓可数名词时应意为“课;一节课”。
She gives piano lessons.她教授钢琴课。
M5U2
1、…but both of them have won the hearts of young people all over the world.
但他们俩都赢得了全世界年轻人的心。
(教材第36页)
win the heart of sb.意为"赢得某人的心”,相当于win sb/s heart。
She won the heart of everyone in the theatre. 她深得剧场里每一位观众的喜爱。
The children have quite won the heart of the old woman.孩子们深得那位老太太的喜爱。
2、He leads a group of monkeys against the Emperor of Heaven and his men.
他带领一群猴子对抗玉皇大帝和他的手下。
(教材第36页)
lead (led, led)动词,意为“领导;率领”。
He led his team to victory.他带领他的球队取得胜利。
[拓展]lead作动词,还可意为“带路;领路;通向;过(某种生活)”。
He led the blind man across the road.他引导这位盲人过马路。
The road leads to the train station.这条路通向火车站。
3、Parents and children laugh together as the Monkey King makes a terrible mess in heaven. 当美猴王把天宫里搞得一团糟时,父母与孩子一起大笑。
(教材第36页)
(1)as此处用作连词,意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句。
As I was walking down the street, an old man asked me about the way to the station.
当我在街上走时,一位老人问我去车站怎么走。
As I washed clothes, I listened to the music.我边洗衣服边听音乐。
(2)mess此处用作可数名词,意为“脏乱;凌乱”。
mess通常只用单数形式,in a mess意为“杂乱不堪";make a mess意为“搞得一塌糊涂”。
The room was in a mess.那个房间杂乱不堪。
The children made a mess in the classroom.孩子们把教室搞得一塌糊涂。
4、They always expect to see more Monkey King cartoons.
他们总是期望看到更多的美猴王动画片。
(教材第36页)
expect及物动词,意为“期盼;期望;预料”。
常见用法有:
①expect+名词/代词期盼……
He is expecting her letter. 他正在盼望着她的来信。
②expect to do sth.期望做某事
I expect to see you again. 我期盼再次与你见面。
③expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事
I expect my parents to buy a bike for me. 我期待父母给我买一辆自行车。
④expect+that从句预料
I don't expect that he has done such a thing. 我预料他不会做出这种事来。
[注意]expect后不跟动词-ing形式作宾语。
5、He has been popular for over eighty years, ever since the artist Herge invented him in 1929.自从艺术家艾尔热在1929年创作出他,80多年来他一直受欢迎。
(教材第36页)
(1)ever since意为“自从;从……以来”。
其引导的时间状语从句一般用一般过去时,而主句一般用现在完成时。
I haven't seen her ever since she moved to London. 自从她移居伦敦,我再也没有见过她。
He has been in Beijing ever since he came to China. 自从来到中国,他一直待在北京。
(2)invent动词,意为“发明;创造”。
Last year he invented a memory robot. 去年他发明了一个记忆机器人。
invent动词发明;创造
inventor名词发明者,发明家
invention名词发明,发明物
6、He works for a newspaper and has lots of exciting experiences.
他在一家报社工作,有许多令人激动的经历。
(教材第36页)
experience此处用作可数名词,意为“经历”。
It's a pleasant experience to have a picnic with friends.与朋友一起去野餐是一次愉快的经历。
[拓展]①experience作不可数名词,意为“经验,体验”。
He has much experience in this kind of work. 做这类工作他有丰富的经验。
②experience还可用作动词,意为“经历;体验;体会”。
Everyone experiences these problems at some stage in their lives.
每个人在人生的某个阶段都会经历这些问题。
7、Fans have bought about 200 million copies of Tintin's stories in more than fifty languages. 丁丁迷们已累计购买了约两亿本被译成50多种语言的丁丁故事书。
(教材第36页)
(1)copy此处用作可数名词,意为“(一)本;(一)份”,用作复数时表示同一种书的许多册,而不是许多种不同的书。
He was reading a copy of the daily newspaper. 他正在看一份日报。
Each winner will get a copy of a Modem English Gram- mw.每位获胜者将得到一本《现代英语语法》。
[拓展]copy作及物动词,意为“复制;抄写”。
I copied out her notes into my notebook. 我把她的笔记抄在了我的笔记本上。
(2)more than意为“超过;多于”,相当于over, 后常接数词。
The lady is more than forty.那位女士40 多岁了。
8、Tintin appeared in China in the 1980s.丁丁在20世纪80年代出现在中国。
(教材第36页)in the 1980s意为"在20世纪80年代"。
“在某世纪某年代”要用介词in,且年代前要用the,后要加“s”或“'s”。
The Second World War ended in the 1940s.第二次世界大战结束于20世纪40年代。
In the 1990s, I studied in the university. 20世纪90年代,我在这所大学学习。
9、Snoopy lives in his own private world and finds real life hard to understand.
史努比生活在他自己的私人世界里,发现真实的生活难以理解。
(教材第36页)
(1)own形容词,意为“自己的”,其前常和名词所有格或形容词性物主代词一起使用,以加
强语气。
That's her own idea.那是她自己的主意。
[拓展]own动词,意为“有;拥有” 。
This car is mine. I own it.这辆车是我的,我拥有它。
(2)private形容词,意为“私人的;个人的”,反义词为public。
These are my private letters,这些是我的私人信件。
10、Charles Schulz created Snoopy and his friends, and drew the cartoons to satisfy older people as well as children.查尔斯•舒尔茨创作出史努比和他的朋友们,画了既让孩子满意又让年长的人满意的连环漫画。
(教材第36页)
(1)create及物动词,意为“创造,创作”。
The two paintings were both created in the Song Dynasty.这两幅画都创作于宋代。
They began to create a new world. 他们开始创造一个新的世界。
(2)satisfy及物动词,意为“满足;使满意”。
satisfy通常不用于进行时。
The plan will not satisfy everyone. 这个计划不会使人人都满意。
Nothing can satisfy her,没有什么可以让她满意。
[拓展]
satisfied satisfy的形容词形式,意为“满意的,满足的”,be satisfied with意为“对……满意”。
I'm not satisfied with her words.我对她的话不满意。
(3)as well as意为“既……又……,不但……而且……”,可以连接名词、形容词、动词、介词等并列成分。
as well as强调的重点在前者,翻译时要先译后者,再译前者。
The girl is lively as well as healthy. 这个女孩既健康又活泼。
They sell books as well as newspapers. 他们既卖报纸,也卖书。
[注意]
as well as连接两个并列主语时,其句子的谓语动词要和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
He as well as my classmates is going swimming on Sunday.他和我的同学一样,星期天要去游泳。
M5U3
1、Do you mind if I borrow your book?如果我借你的书你介意吗?(教材第38页)
Do/Would you mind if...? 用于礼貌地征求对方的意见,意为“如果……你介意吗? ”,相当于“Do/Would you mind sb./sb.'s doing sth.?”。
其常用答语:
①表示不介意时,可以用“Not at all.” “Certainly not. ” “Of course not. ” 等;
②表示介意时,可以用“I'm sorry but...”或“Sorry, you'd better not..."等。
—Do/Would you mind if I smoke here? 我在这儿吸烟你介意吗?
―Not at all./Sorry, you'd better not, please. 一点儿都不介意。
/抱歉,请最好不要在这里吸烟。
2、...so I asked my mother for some green vegetables.
由此我向母亲要了些绿色蔬菜吃。
(教材第38页)
ask sb. for sth. 意为“向某人要某物”。
Did you ask your boss for a pay increase?你请求老板加薪了吗?
She asked him for advice.她向他征求意见。
[拓展]
①ask for sb./sth.意为“要求见某人/要某物”。
Wouldn't you ask for something to drink? 你不喝点儿东西吗?
②ask sb. (not)to do sth.意为“要求某人(不)做某事”。
He often asks me to help him with his English. 他经常让我帮他学英语。
3、Why does Betty not think the cartoon is funny at first?
为什么贝蒂起初认为动画片并不有趣?(教材第39页)
at first意为“当初,起初”,与后来发生的事相对照。
其反义短语为at last"最后,终于”。
At first I didn't want to go, but I soon changed my mind.起初我不想去,但我很快改变了主意。
[拓展]
first of all意为“首先,第一”,说明时间上或一系列行为的顺序,后面常接next, then 等。
First of all, open the windows. Then turn off the gas and, if necessary, call an ambulance.
首先,打开窗户。
然后关上煤气,如果需要,叫救护车。
4、He appeared in 1928, first in a black-and-white film without sound...
他在1928年首次出现在一部无声黑白电影中……(教材第40页)
without介词,意为“没有;无”,后常接名词、代词或v.-ing形式,常位于句尾或句首构成介词短语,作状语。
A man can't live without water.
没有水人就不能活。
She entered the room without knocking. 她没敲门就进入了房间。
[拓展]
一般情况下,含有without的句子常可与含有“if... not...”结构的句子进行同义句转换。
I couldn't finish the work without your help. (=If you didn't help me, I couldn't finish the work.)如果没有你的帮助,我就不能完成这项工作。
5、Today, over a hundred years later, cartoons are still popular with people of all ages.
100 多年后的今天,动画片仍然受到各个年龄段人们的欢迎。
(教材第40页)
popular形容词,意为“受欢迎的;流行的”。
be popular with...意为“受到的欢迎”,介词with之后接表示人的名词或代词。
His stories are popular with most of the people. 他的小说受到大多数人的喜爱。
6、They will probably be popular for many more 'years in the future,
在将来许多年里它们可能仍会受欢迎。
(教材第40页)
in the future意为“在将来,在未来”。
常与一般将来时态连用。
Will there be fewer trees in the future?将来会有更少的树吗?
You can't go out alone in future.今后你不能单独外出。
8下M5模块大归纳基础知识梳理
短语归纳
1.climb向上爬,攀登
2.each other 相互
3.learn from向/从……学习
4.all over the world 全世界
5.win the heart of sb.赢得某人的心
6.make a terrible mess搞得一团糟
7.ever since 自从
8.more than=over 超过;多于
9.as well as既…又…,
不但…而且…
e out 出版
11.be good at=do well in擅长
12.next to 邻近
13.ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物
ask for sb./sth.要求见某人/要某物ask sb.(not)to do sth.要求某人(不)做某事14.at first当初,起初
first of all 首先,第一15.tell a story 讲故事
e to life 苏醒过来
17.the number of...……的数量
a number of...许多……
18.be popular with 受到……的欢迎
19.in the future在将来,在未来
in future今后,从今以后20.a group of 一群
用法集萃
1.Why don't we/Why not do sth.?
为什么不做某事呢?
2.Let’s do sth.!让我们做某事吧!
3.want to do sth.想要做某事
4.keep +v. -ing不断做…,反复做…
5.can't help doing sth.忍不住做某事
6.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
7.expect to do sth.期望做某事
8.Do you mind if...?如果……你介意吗?
9.It's time to do sth.到做某事的时候了。
语法专项聚焦
Tony went to the bookshop last Sunday.托尼上个星期天去了书店。
(强调动作发生在过去)Tony has gone to the bookshop.托尼去了书店。
(强调过去动作对现在的影响)
[注意]
判断句子时态时,除依据句子的时间状;语或标志词外,还可联系上下文或分析句意。
Lingling isn't here. She's gone to Beijing.玲玲不在这儿,她去北京了。